Additionally, the operation of the solar water pump and hybrid water pump systems was unimpeded. Typically, the investment cycle of the solar water pump system and hybrid solar water pump.
Conclusion and Way Forward
Considering the duration of the warranty on solar panels, the payback period for the solar water pumping system is seven years, while the hybrid solar water pumping system is eight years. By comparing the specific CO2 emissions of different fuels, the carbon footprint of each water pumping system is illustrated in Figure 6.
Considering the various advantages such as cheaper investment costs and less environmental impacts, the hybrid solar pump system is ideal and can be a successful application in fish landing sites to reduce power costs and require less equipment. The results of this simulation study should not be limited to a 4-kW water pumping system that can be scaled up or down to achieve similar outcomes.
About the Authors
This innovation could be adopted by key stakeholders and thus contribute to the promotion of sustainable and responsible fishing practices.
Achieving High Production of Micropropagated Seaweed through Optimization of the Culture Protocol
Break from the ‘conventional method’
Hurtado and Biter (2007) used a small portion of seaweed for tissue culture and then cultivation. Further studies to improve existing systems have been one of the ongoing researches at AQD.
The benefit of ‘acclimation’
Repeating this method over and over could destroy the seaweed's genetic traits, reducing its vigor and causing slower and weaker growth and survival. In addition, seaweed is now more susceptible to disease and pests as this method eventually uses up good genetic traits. The first attempt to grow seaweed explants under axenic conditions was made by Aharon Gibor from the University of California in the 1950s (Polne-Fuller, 1988).
This includes studies conducted within the facilities of the SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department (AQD), where spores were used to produce juvenile seaweed. Modern seaweed seedling production, such as micropropagation, is a more sustainable and scalable alternative to the conventional method, which can help deliver greater production and strengthen the livelihood of local producers. After two months in the laboratory, propagules were transferred to a plastic net-covered tray and stored in the concrete tanks.
Culture in terrestrial reservoirs served as a propagule acclimatization zone; therefore, parameters such as salinity, temperature and light intensity were closer to the natural state.
Steady increase in micropropagule production
Once healthy explants were produced from the vegetative seaweed, they were harvested and cleaned before being stored in culture bottles with UV-treated seawater for two months and later in carbon dishes.
Way Forward
Hananiah Sollesta-Pitogo is an Associate Researcher from the SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department in Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines (Email: [email protected]) Mr. Joesyl Marie de la Cruz-Aranas is an Information Specialist and Coordinator of the Special Department of ADECquaSEAF Department in Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines (Email: [email protected]). Tissue culture of the red algae Eucheuma denticulatum and Kappaphycus alvarezii cultivated in the Philippines.
Issues and Challenges in Sustainable Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Southeast Asian Region: Marine Fisheries Resources: Seaweed. The growth of the reproductive cells (carpospores) of the seaweed, Kappaphycus striatum, in the laboratory to outplanting in the field and maturation to tetrasporophyte. Acclimatization of micropropagated Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva (Rhodophyta, Solieriaceae) in outdoor nursery system.
Development of Artificial Reefs in Southeast Asia
Malaysia in focus
These were installed at depths of less than 10 m in fish sanctuaries in the Great Tonle Sap Lake (inland water) and were intended to provide habitats and improve fish stocks (Sitha, 2005). Indonesia has used AR since the 1980s to increase fish stocks and support the livelihoods of coastal communities. These structures have been shown to improve fish biomass and biodiversity and support the restoration of degraded coral reefs (Dahuri et al., 2006).
ARs were established in Malaysian waters since 1975 using various materials such as discarded tires, abandoned and confiscated fishing vessels, concrete, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), glass fiber reinforced concrete (FRC), steel reinforced concrete, glass fiber, ceramics, a combination of several materials ( reef balls) as well as abandoned oil platforms (Ahmad et al., 2018). Currently, ARs are used to increase marine biodiversity and support sustainable fishing practices (Garcia & Aliño, 2012). The government initiated the program to support the local fishing industry and promote sustainable fishing practices (Chaiyawat et al., 2019).
ARs in Vietnam were developed in the early 2000s using perforated concrete tanks to play an important role in the conservation process, especially in areas where reefs are unable to self-recover or suffer from siltation (Hung , 2005).
Evolution of artificial reefs in Malaysia
Artificial Reefs and Fish Aggregating Devices (ARFADs) At SEAFDEC funded a short-term R&D project to develop the design and construction of artificial reefs and fish aggregating devices (ARFADs) (Figure 11) to improve recreational fishing activities. Status of artificial reefs in Terengganu waters based on image analysis using side scan sonar (in Malay). Protecting coastal habitats and enhancing fishery resources using large-scale artificial reefs on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
Proceedings of the 2nd Regional Workshop on Coastal Resource Enhancement: Artificial Reefs in Southeast Asia 9-12 November 2004. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Regional Workshop on Coastal Resource Enhancement: Artificial Reefs in Southeast Asia 9-12 November 2004. The Role of Coral and Artificial Reef Research in Conservation and Enhancement of Fishery Resources.
Proceedings of the 2nd Regional Workshop on Coastal Resource Enhancement: Artificial Reefs in Southeast Asia 9-12 November 2004. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Regional Workshop on Coastal Resource Enhancement: Artificial Reefs in Southeast Asia 9-12 November 2004. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Artificial Reefs and Fish Aggregating Devices as Tools for the Management and Improvement of Marine Fisheries Resources, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 14-17 May 1990.
Utilizing Drone Imagery to Classify Swamp Cover
Mapping the land cover of SPEECTRA
Approximately 45-78% of Pond 2 was covered by trees while aquatic plants fluctuated depending on the water level. The abundance of aquatic plants and shrubs fluctuates equally indicating that there may be a dynamic interaction between these two types of vegetation. Aquatic plants play an important role in the pond ecosystem by providing a habitat for fish and other aquatic animals, stabilizing sediments, and helping to maintain water quality by filtering pollutants.
Aquatic plants area covered by plants that have adapted to live in aquatic environments Brown. The agroforestry system was implemented in Dam 5 where abundant trees and aquatic plants are a positive step towards sustainable land management. In general, riparian and aquatic plants played an important role in stabilizing the banks of the dam, filtering pollution, providing habitat for a variety of plant and animal species, and maintaining water quality.
However, the overgrowth of aquatic plants has had negative impacts on other species in the ponds.
Understanding the Features of VBD
Cumulative VBD images in SEAFDEC Member Countries
Furthermore, in eastern Peninsular Malaysia, there are east-west linear and arcuate series of recurring VBD detections; diffuse detection clouds centered around the nodes of the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam; various fishing grounds near the coast; There is a 100 km wide ribbon of detections of fishing boats in southern Myanmar along the Andaman Sea. From Manila south, there are several dense VBD clusters in the southern part of Luzon extending into the Visayas.
The Thai part of the Gulf of Thailand has many contiguous grids of repeated VBD detection points (Figure 13). In the southern part of the bay, the grid patterns begin to break up into linear arrays of repeated detections. There was a wide band with a diffuse cloud of VBD detections overlaid with grids of repeating detections.
To the south there was a large diffuse to dense cloud of VBD detections with large numbers of recurring detection locations, but without the grids and linear alignments typical of Malaysian and Thai waters.
Conclusion
One of the features found in the ten-year compilation remains a mystery: the recurring detection points. The recurring detection locations when mapping offshore gas flares and a small number of the locations were checked to ensure they were aligned with known flares (Elvidge et al., 2015b). But what function the vast majority of returning sites will perform has yet to be determined.
Although it was suspected to be a combination of fishing platforms and moored fish collection devices. Fisheries agencies and other relevant stakeholders interested in learning more about VBD data and potentially using it for marine monitoring should contact the lead author by email. In the past, his team has organized 1-2 day training courses for several fisheries agencies and their local colleagues in several countries.
Acknowledgments
Guide to Contributing Articles
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
SEAFDEC is an autonomous intergovernmental body established in 1967 as a regional treaty organization to promote the sustainable development of fisheries in Southeast Asia. SEAFDEC currently consists of 11 Member States: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. Sustainable management and development of fisheries and aquaculture to contribute to food security, poverty alleviation and people's livelihoods in the Southeast Asian region.
Research and development in fisheries, aquaculture, post-harvest, processing and marketing of fish and fishery products, socio-economics and ecosystem to provide reliable scientific data and information. Formulation and provision of policy guidelines based on the available scientific data and information, local knowledge, regional consultations and prevailing international measures. Technology transfer and capacity building to improve the capacity of Member States in the application of technologies, and implementation of fisheries policy and management tools for the sustainable utilization of fisheries resources and aquaculture.
Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of regional fisheries policies and management frameworks adopted under the ASEAN-SEAFDEC cooperative mechanism, and emerging international fisheries-related issues including their impacts on fisheries, food security and socio-economics of the region.
