Development of appropriate ICM diagnostic tools and decision support system for different rice ecosystems in Mindanao. Improving rice production in Mindanao is important to the country's rice self-sufficiency goal. Poor expression of a variety's yield potential is often associated with poor soil health, but in Mindanao, low solar radiation is believed to be one of the environmental constraints.
Cloudiness associated with the very pronounced rainfall from November to April (Type III climate) is thought to be a major limitation on rice yield in the Caraga region and perhaps other rice growing areas in Mindanao. To identify integrated nutrient management practices for correcting site-specific soil limitation in the major irrigated lowland areas in Mindanao. To identify integrated pest management practices for the control of major pests and diseases in major irrigated and rain-fed low-riding areas in Mindanao.
Submergence Raelines
Development of Appropriate Diagnostic Tools and IPM Options for Mindanao Condition
The occurrence of the three species of stem borers can be associated with the structure of vegetation cover and the various farm management practices adopted by farmers. The low rate of egg parasitism may be due to the poor foraging behavior of both parasitoids during the reproductive phase of the crop. The most recorded parasitoids were Braconidae (Stenobracon nicevillei) and Ichneumonidae (Temelucha philippinensis and Xanthopimpla flavolineata) (Figure 6).
Currently, the effects of planned planting time on seasonal changes in the population dynamics of RBB and WSB in Midsayap have not yet been fully established. Digital waypoints of the sampling sites were collected using a Garmin GPS V and plotted using Arcview GIS 3.3 software to plot the abundance of RBB and WSB against different planting times. Figures 9 and 10 show the actual scenario of the Midsayap rice growing area, showing the presence of different cropping stages (asynchronous planting). a) September 2011 b) October 2011.
Most of the farmers had their fields tilled, but some farmers planted mung beans and watermelon. a) May 2011 b) June 2011. This is an emerging farming system that most of the farmers have observed not only in the Philippines but even overseas.
Development of Appropriate ICM Diagnostic Tools and and Decision Support System for Different Rice Ecosystems in Mindanao
Rainfed areas in Mindanao are diverse in different climatic zones, soil types, crop rotations and management practices due to the social, cultural and educational background of the farmers. Further testing and evaluation is still required at the proposed 15 sites with different nutrient management at selected locations. Farmers who have tested and used the technology have positive feedback on the results, which allows them to recognize what a certain nutrient deficiency looks like and thus apply fertilizer according to what the limitation in the soil is.
Hidden starvation due to K can occur at any time during cropping, but if it occurs at the reproductive stage and if it remains undetected, grain yield will decrease due to limitation of grain filling. Since K can still be applied as needed during cropping, a quick test of the crop's K status can facilitate the decision to apply K fertilizer at critical periods in the reproductive stage. High yield despite minimal nutrients indicates high NUE that could explain their good performance and high yield despite minimal fertilization in farmers' fields.
A similar trend was observed in the second growing season for all varieties and planting distances, but at higher yield levels. Due to the intensive rice cultivation system using high-yielding varieties that require higher amounts of nutrients, the burning of straw and the use of high-quality fertilizers that do not contain sulfur, the nutrient reserve in the soil may be generally depleted. When added along with other nutrients in the fertilizer formulation, the rate is relatively slow.
In this way, farmers' technical capabilities and skills will be improved in dealing with problems and challenges in the field and in identifying the best options to solve them. This is usually shown during discussion/visit of the farmers and other visitors based on their needs/problems encountered in the field. The lowest natural enemies were collected in the inorganic fertilizer treatments, while they were higher in vermicast treatments.
Six pests were observed in upland rice environments in Kitcharao, Agusan del Norte and Socorro, Surigao del Norte namely; Green Leaf Hopper (GLH), Spiral Cutworm (WM), Rice Black Bug (RBB), Rice Bug (RB) and Plant Hopper (PH).
Improving Productivity and Profitability of Upland Rice Farming Ecosystem in Caraga Region
Hybrid rice is one of the key technologies that can make the country self-sufficient in rice. While in Alabel, Sarangani, Mestiso 38 was most preferred by farmers with about 33.93% and 20% of farmers in Lambayong, Sultan Kudarat preferred PR36465H (promising hybrid). Most of the farmers of these areas encounter problems in irrigation or lack of water, especially in the downstream.
GPS, Koronadal City, most of the farmers applied 48.5 kg/ha N, which is 24% lower than the LST recommendation (60 kg/ha N). This may be due to the realizations of the benefits the ducks can have for rice farms. Most of the field day evaluators found the demonstration at Palayamanan to be quite useful in their work as agricultural extension workers and considered the technology easy to use since farmers already practice diversified farming systems.
In agriculture, most stakeholders tend to be in rural and remote areas where access to information is very limited. Regional meeting and workshop with stakeholders of the Department of Agriculture Upland Rice Development Program in Region 12. The purpose specifically is to: 1) orient stakeholders on the nature and scope of the DA-Upland Rice Development Program (DA-URDP); .
Therefore, in this study, Adoption by Farmers of the PalayCheck System and the beneficial effects of the system for its adopters were evaluated and compared the agricultural practices of farmers who underwent the PalayCheck System and those who are not yet oriented to the said system. Most PalayCheck farmers (76.19%) and non-PalayCheck farmers (80%) prepare their fields 3 to 4 weeks before planting. It is community-based and mainly relies on farmers' local knowledge, especially the production protocol and planting calendar of traditional rice varieties.
The development of the highland rice ecosystem is an opportunity to increase the country's rice supply, as this production ecosystem is located on the outskirts of rural areas. Most of the participants came from local government units (provincial, municipal and city), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), DA regional field office, cooperatives, Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Agricultural Training Institute (ATI), BPI-National Seed Quality Control Services (BPI-NSQCS), National Commission of Indigenous People (NCIP), State Colleges and Universities (SCUs), and PhilRice. However, most farmers in Regions 9 and 12 preferred Dinorado cultivars because of its yield potential compared to other upland rice varieties and its aroma characteristics.
Open Academy for Philippine Agriculture in Mindanao: Promotion of Philrice e-services to modernize Philippine agriculture through ICT
LGUs and upland farmers' organizations in the implementation of Upland Rice Development Program (URDP); the development of sustainable institutional cooperation and support. More than 700 students from three national high schools under PhilRice Midsayap area of coverage benefited from the information awareness about PhilRice e-services, overview of and opportunities in the rice industry. A survey conducted among 80 rice farmers revealed that 75% of the farmers do have mobile phones while the remaining 25% do not.
Farmers invest at least 256 pesos on the average cell phone charge per month. Talamdan sa Maayong Pagpanguma: A school on the air program in support of the Agripinoy Rice Program in Agusan del Sur. The fact that radio is a companion medium and the cheapest among the mass media; it can surely deliver the objective of this activity as most of the farmers could have easy access to it.
Unlike the on-air school program that requires classroom learning, this radio program is aimed at all LSTD and non-LSTD farmers and other rice stakeholders who do not need to enroll in the program. A traditional classroom setting involving a teacher-student relationship is not used in the study. Based on a pilot site tested nationwide, the implementation of the Open Academy of Philippine Agriculture (OpAPA) has proven to be a useful and effective tool for accessing agricultural information.
In fact, farmers and agricultural extension workers need to be updated with technologies related to crop management and establishment. A total of 2,230 copies of various PhilRice knowledge products were promoted and distributed to farmers, extension workers, partners and students. Translation of knowledge products has always been one of the issues highlighted during the field days and even during the DA-PhilRice-JICA workshop held in September 2009.
It was emphasized that the importance of translating the PhilRice knowledge products will not only improve the farmers' rice production knowledge, skills and practices but also provide a road map by simply following the processes and the practices and recommendations contained in the knowledge is contained, to be implemented. products.
Development of diversified and integrated farming systems (DIFS) models for rainfed ecosystem
DAE – days after emergence DAS – days after planting DAT – days after transplanting DBMS – database management system DDTK – disease diagnosis toolkit DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources. FFP – farmer fertilizer practice FFS – farmer field school FGD – focus group discussion FI – innovative farmer. MET – multiple environment trial MFE – male fertile environment MLM – mixed effects linear model Mg – magnesium.
MRT – Mobile Rice TeknoKlinik MSE – male-sterile environment MT – minimum tillage mtha-¹ - metric ton per hectare MYT – multi-location yield trials N – nitrogen. NCT – National Cooperative Testing NFA – National Food Authority NRO – non-governmental organization NE – natural enemies. RQCS – Rice Quality Classification Software RS4D – Rice Science for Development RSO – rice sufficiency officer RFL – Rain fed lowland RTV – rice tungro virus.
12 Table 5. Presence or absence of stem in whole rice .. growth and development in transplanted field. 15 Table 6. Presence or absence of stem in whole rice .. growth and development in the transplanted field. Insect pests and natural enemies population, % parasitism, % damage and yield (mt. ha- ) in different clusters in Midsayap, North Cotabato.
Different rice stem types were observed in the sampled direct-sown and transplanted plants under dry and saturated soil conditions in the screen house observation. Rice rootstock species and its natural enemies, stem egg mass, damage and yield in transplanted and direct-seeded rice fields in identified barangays.
