Landscape of a typical Wadden plateau in Japan Photo: Guideline for the productivity of tidal flats, fisheries. Fisheries Resources Management” and “Fisheries Management” are the two wheels of the same vehicle for improving tidal flat productivity.
About the Author
Strategies for Long-Term Food Security: The ASEAN-SEAFDEC Conference on Sustainable Fisheries for Food Security Post 2020. In order to maintain such momentum, SEAFDEC plans to organize the ASEAN-SEAFDEC Conference on Sustainable Fisheries for Food Security Post 2020 in June 2011.
Issues and Concerns
This paper is based on a preliminary report on Ghost Fishing by Floating Fish Aggregating Devices (DFADs) in the Eastern Indian Ocean, which aimed to assess the incidental mortality of marine animals around floating FADs in the Eastern Indian Ocean. FADs can be floating (DFAD) or anchored (AFAD), originally known as payaos in the Philippines.
DFADs Used by SEAFDEC
Once abandoned or lost, the DFADs and surface payaos can enhance ghost fishing2 along with lost or abandoned fishing gear. Supported by purse seine rafts for buoyancy, the floating part is also covered with sheets of nylon netting as in the raft type.
Modification of DFADs by SEAFDEC
Based on the experience of the SEAFDEC researchers during the M.V.SEAFDEC seine fishing trials in the Eastern Indian Ocean, mortality of sea turtles occurred mainly in two (2) processes. First, mortality can occur during tuna purse seining operations when sea turtles remain around the DFADs and become entangled in the net sections.
Control and Limitation on the Use of DFADs
Another major cause of sea turtle mortality was observed in lost and abandoned DFADs. There is therefore a very high chance of sea turtles becoming entangled in the floating and flexible material.
About the Authors
Acknowledgement
Seafood is the preferred choice of many people around the world in view of its nutritional values. In 2006, the world's food fish production was about 160 million mt, of which 83 million mt was from marine capture fisheries, 67 million mt from aquaculture while 10 million mt was from inland capture fisheries. Due to their economic importance, crustaceans have been the main cultivated species in the region, showing a very rapid growth during recent years.
Contribution of Southeast Asian countries to total world fish production in million tonnes (mt).
Aquaculture Production Profile and Opportunities for Development in
Another type of catfish produced in the region is Pangasius catfish, which is mainly produced in Vietnam. Recently, a very dramatic increase in the production of Pangasius catfish, especially tra (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and bass (Pangasius bocourti) has been observed in Vietnam (Table 5). The country's Pangasius catfish production area is mainly located in the Mekong River Delta in southern Vietnam.
The country's aquaculture production has increased significantly in the last decade and the largest part came mainly from the culture of Rohu.
Concerns and Strategies for Sustainable Aquaculture Development
Issues and Constraints in Aquaculture
Strategies for Aquaculture Development
This is intended to promote suitable aquaculture systems in the remote rural areas of Southeast Asia. Finally, extreme weather events could lead to the escape of farmed animals, which could contribute to a reduction in the genetic diversity of wild animals, thus affecting biodiversity on a larger scale. Therefore, a system for product traceability from farm to finished product is now being developed by countries in the region, although development is still at a considerably slow pace.
This could mean better opportunities for providing livelihoods and ensuring a sustainable supply of food fish in rural areas.
Conclusions
Implementing such practices would require better skills and human capabilities from all stakeholders. Also considering that success in fisheries management can be achieved through a participatory approach to co-management, human resource development would play an important role as new levels of capacity are needed to enable fishing communities and resource users to participate in joint management. management aspect.
This set of operational guidelines for longline fishing is intended to encourage longline fishermen in the Southeast Asian region to consider environmentally friendly longline fishing activities. The guidelines cover factors that can help mitigate the impacts of longline fishing on seabirds and sea turtles from the development of the fishery.
Development of the Long-Line Fishing Gear
Reducing Indicental Catches of Seabirds and Sea Turtles
Safety at Sea for Long-Liners
Certain measures developed by SEAFDEC (Box 3) should be considered to ensure safety in fishing operations as well as in fish handling. Fishing gear must therefore be in good condition and all parts of the towing gear, lifting gear and related equipment must be checked before use. Lines must be coiled carefully and the hooks securely arranged so that the lines run freely without snags when laid out.
If abnormal restrictions occur when the line is set that could not be corrected by slowing the vessel's speed, the crew must stand well clear of the line or the line must be cut.
Fish Culture in Laguna de Bay
A study jointly conducted by the Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center/Aquaculture Division (SEAFDEC/AQD) and the Philippine Institute of Development Studies (PIDS) in 2007 aimed to assess aquaculture development in Laguna de Bay. Laguna Lake, also known as Laguna de Bay, is the largest lake in the Philippines. The number of pond operators and the extent of pond culture in Laguna de Bay have increased in recent years.
The aquaculture industry in Laguna de Bay also employed 5,152 people in 2006 and generated approximately PHP 84.4 million in the country's total registration fees.
Problems Confronting Fish Culture in Laguna de Bay
Most of the fish farmed in Laguna de Bay are sold fresh or frozen. Fish tanks and cages are very overcrowded in some areas within certain generations, causing conflicts between fish operators and fish cages. Unregistered and improperly constructed fish cages and cages exist in Laguna de Bay including those located inside and outside the aquaculture belts.
Fishhouse and fish cage operators claim that the return flow of saltwater from Manila Bay to Laguna de Bay via the Pasig River is being hampered.
Severity of the Problems
Siltation and sedimentation is another environmental problem in Laguna de Bay, which can also be partially attributed to aquaculture. Siltation and sedimentation is further exacerbated by the accumulation of rotting bamboo, Anahaw poles and other building materials left to rot in the lake waters at abandoned fishing lanes and fish cages. For example, Bacallan (1997) explained that of the water pollution in the lake, 40% came from agricultural sources, 30% was caused.
Centeno (1987) further identified industrial effluents, sanitary waste and effluents from agri-business, run-off from agriculture and inflow from the Pasig River as one of the various sources of water pollution in the lake.
Conclusion and Recommendations
Cu Lao Cham (CLC) is an archipelago comprising eight islands about 18 km offshore from the ancient city of Hoi An in the eastern part of Quang Nam Province in central Vietnam (Fig. 1). Coral reefs, seagrass beds, rocky shores and sandy bottoms are the important habitats for aquatic life in the archipelago. A recent assessment of the coastal resources around the Cu Lao Cham MPA indicated severe overexploitation, resulting in a decline in marine resources.
For example, community-based resource management has been introduced and is now being applied in the management of Cu Lao Cham MPA.
Enhancing Environmental Management System: A Case Study
To obtain a good background information on the status of the MPA in the CLC Archipelago, a review of the previously conducted surveys in the Cu Lao Cham Archipelago was conducted. The groups were selected based on the results of the latest livelihood survey conducted by the CLC MPA office. The undersized lobsters captured have the potential to seriously reduce lobster stocks in the CLC archipelago.
The local communities of the Cu Lao Cham Archipelago have been involved in the management of the MPA through an integrated management system.
Reducing the Impacts of Fishing Activities in Southeast Asian Waters
This is part of the country's efforts to undertake activities aimed at maintaining the fishery habitat by minimizing common, unsustainable fishing activities such as the use of tidal traps. An option being considered in the country is the promotion of the Japanese type of set net to replace the stick set net (tidal traps with lei net). Myanmar focuses its efforts in assessing the environmental and resource impacts of the trawl production system specifically on the hilsa and pomfret fishery resources.
In addition, Thailand also promoted the use of the Set-Net fishing technology for sustainable coastal fisheries management, which was started in Rayong Province.
Reducing the Impacts of Fishing Practices: The Case of Japan
In addition, the policies also specify the provisions on vessel licensing and registration, registration and licensing of fishing gear, incentives for fishing further into the EEZ and also the implementation of the Philippine Management Plans such as the Tuna Management Plan which regulates the tuna purse seiner mesh size, limits the number of fish aggregating devices ( FADs) and monitor fishing vessels;. 123/2006/NĐ-CP dated October 27, 2006 provides for the management of fishing activities of organizations and individuals in Vietnam's marine waters. In addition, Vietnam monitors the use of deep gill nets that catch the Manta Ray (CITES species) and strengthens its efforts to reduce the impact of fishing activities, especially in the marine protected areas through, among other things, the development and adoption of JTEDs.
Research studies have been conducted comparing catches between different light outputs, including analysis of fishing effort and catch, underwater light intensity and monitoring of catch processes.
Regional Network for the Reduction of the Impact of Fishing in Coastal and
The impact of light fishing can include competition in lighting power (effect on other boats in a congested fishing ground and on small-scale fishing in the coastal areas), cost impact due to high fuel consumption, environmental impact due to CO2 emissions and impact on biodiversity. (not selective on species/size, as in the case of purse seines). Research studies have also been conducted to evaluate the impact of light fishing, including monitoring light intensity underwater, understanding fish responses to light, and comparative experiments with different light outputs. In addition, research has also been done into reducing the light output using LED (light emitting diode) for squid jigging boats and for the underwater lamp of purse seines.
Thus, light fishing technology that should be expanded to other countries could include: (1) optimal lighting technology; (2) reasonable costs for initial investment and fuel consumption; (3) smart lamp for fishing boats and equipment; (4) smart fitting of lights to target species and size;
Status and Trends of Sea Turtle
Interactions: Degree of Risks each Fishery Poses to Sea Turtles
Summary Recommendations and Follow-up Actions
Paper presented at the Regional Workshop on Reducing the Impact of Fishing on the Coastal and Marine Environments in Southeast Asian Waters, Samut Prakarn, Thailand, 12-15 January 2009. Paper presented at the Regional Workshop on Reducing the Impact of Fishing Fishing the coastal and marine environments in Southeast Asian waters, Samut Prakarn, Thailand, 12-15 January Meksumpun, S., Meksumpun, C. Reducing the impact of fishing gear in coastal and marine environments in Cambodian waters.
Paper presented at the Regional Workshop on Reducing the Impact of Fishing on the Coastal and Marine Environments in Southeast Asian Waters, Samut Prakarn, Thailand, 12-15 January 2009.
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
SEAFDEC is an autonomous intergovernmental body established as a regional treaty organization in 1967 to promote the sustainable development of fisheries in Southeast Asia. To develop the fisheries potential of the region by rationally utilizing resources to ensure food security and human security and poverty alleviation through the transfer of new technologies, research activities and information dissemination.
