One of the distinctive elements of the Central Park is the monument, which gives the Batasang Pambansa Complex a fitting foreground. For the convenience of Batasan members, the Session Room is connected to the office on two levels.
TRAFFIC PROBLEMS IN MANILA
FROM A CITY PLANNER'S POINT OF VIEW
And some sectoral measures, in fact, have been implemented in the metropolis, mainly in the field of civil engineering, eg, the construction of roads and intersections, the separation of classes; and traffic management, eg, traffic efficiency program, traffic guidance, truck stop and law enforcement campaign. Indeed, this preventive approach requires the inclusion of sectors that have hardly been activated for the specific purpose of improving the traffic situation in the metropolis.
SECTORAL MEASURES
The basic purpose of traffic management is optimal utilization of the existing street network through a correct organization of traffic. The success of the system will in any case depend on thorough training of the personnel involved and on whether there are alternatives in the road network. The potential for greater passenger capacity in the scanned light rail system can e.g. not utilized as long as it is operated at the same level as road traffic.
The horizontal and vertical extension of the system would require thorough and extensive studies of local conditions. Regarding the choice of track, it should be noted that all 40·qurban mass transit systems currently in service have conventional tracks. A more dynamic approach could be adopted where future development of commercial, industrial and residential areas could be concentrated within catchment areas of mass transit stations.
Because of this. the demand for separation of the four fundamental land uses was introduced into the planning. This depends on whether the socio-economic level of the Inhabitants is reasonably in line with the type of work offered.
THE ASIAN CITY: THE POSITIVE
PERSPECTIVE IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Urban growth appears irregular and erratic in nature, with people concentrating in the central parts of the city rather than the peripheral areas. Recent literature on the Asian city of Zatlon shows the growing awareness of the central role the city plays in the development of Asian societies. The commitment to growth in the context of national development policies is the first important feature of the positive perspective.
Strategies intended to improve the lot of the poor focus on the critical problem of urban slums and squatting. An overview of the cities covered in this article also indicates a relatively slow or uneven urban growth in the presence of a liberal political tradition while considerable dynamism. An excellent example of the adverse impact of clumsy democratic politics on urban development is the city of Calcutta.
DEVELOPMENT OF
INDIGENOUS CIVIC ARCHITECTURE
Thus, the Influences were a mixture of Oriental and Western; the latter was transmitted by way of Mexico (Nueva Espai'la) in the days of the Galleon Trade. In the 17th and 18th centuries, they are manifested in the treatment of the structure, in the use of local materials and woodwork, as well as in decoration. The convent, the residence, the pnme guesthouse and the administrative office of the vicar were where the architectural concepts of the Filipinos emerged.
Implementation of the project Colonial precedents As the service of the faith in the regions was handed over to the religious order, this became more of a permanent mandate. Approaching the development of an architectural language in the Philippines will require systematic documentation of artifacts and activities of diverse cultural roots across regional contexts. Only meaningful elements from which architectural languages can be derived will form the basis of the system.
TOWARDS AN APPROPRIATE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE PHILIPPINES
If one makes a comparison between the remote rural villages in the country and some of the exclusive resorts and sports clubs of Metro Manila, it will be noted that they have something in common - that is, they can both be called "proper archi - learning." Both use indigenous building methods and their facades are designed according to distinctive Filipino architectural motifs. Indeed, it has become ironic that appropriate architecture has been relegated to the remote rural villages, whose residents fortunately still adhere to traditional building techniques, and to the very least in the urban areas, where it has become something of a status symbol. For the majority of Filipinos, appropriate architecture, or the use of indigenous materials and Filipino architectural motifs, was considered fragile and unstable, uneconomical, impractical, and even out of style.
It's just a sad mixture of remnants of colonial mentality on the part of the residents and a faulty architecture on the part of the designers. Reorienting values and revising the architectural curriculum is, of course, another topic and cannot be covered here, however, it can be noted that the architectural profession, especially the United Architects of the Philippines (UAP), has taken this shameful note. trend, and has formed a Commission for the Evaluation of Architectural Education to review the curriculum, and is now in the process of identifying relevant curricula and textbooks to be used by students and teachers to achieve the effect. Indigenous materials can be defined as those materials that are readily available in the area, or that are native to that locality.
BAHAY-KUBO
There is also the coconut tree, which has countless uses, chief among which is the developing use of Madera Imelda. Madera Imelda is a new building material made from practically useless coconut trees that are 40 years old or more. The wood cut from the coconut trunk can be used for flooring, siding or paneling, and for exterior walls.
Since Matlera Imelda uses old coconut trees that have reduced productivity, its production will contribute to the importance of replanting coconut trees that are needed.
MUSLIM HOUSE
ANTILLEAN
HQUSE
IFUGAO HOUSE
The same can be done for the other raw materials, such as clay, stone, and the more traditional materials such as nipa shingles, rattan, cogon and others. When the first lady launched the architectural renaissance program of the Department of Human Settlements and when she challenged the architects and designers to develop Philippine architecture, she did not ask for another. This means that the architects and designers must create new forms that will evolve from the traditional Filipino architectural forms and motifs.
It is a difficult challenge, one that can only be set by the limits of the creativity and Innovatvenese Of our contemporary architects and designers. The current revision of the architectural curriculum and the efforts to re-educate the Filipino architects are all commendable. Only time will tell if today's architects and designers are able to meet this challenge and create a truly Filipino architecture that will be accepted by the majority of its countrymen, and not just the elite.
INTRAMUROS REDEVELOPMENT*
The latter, in addition to serving as open space, also enhances the site's historical attractions and functions as a recreational park. The proposal seeks to declare a selected part of Intramuros, right in the heart of the old city, as a pedestrian street or shopping center. The spatial arrangement of the various components was developed with a focus on land use, separation of vehicles from pedestrian traffic and environmental quality.
The restoration and preservation of the walls reflect the country's appreciation for precious historical relics of artistry and craftsmanship. Adequate support facilities are also provided in the area to meet the needs of the international community. The Protocol Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs lists about thirty-eight foreign embassies with offices in the country as of 1975.
PERSPECTIVE _~INTR.ANtUBq~
Along with infusing a diplomatic air, the historic aura of the place will be preserved through the restoration and preservation of buildings and other historic structures. The area currently bounded by General Luna, Real Street and the historic city walls was chosen as the location for INCo. The above four offices of the MFA will be housed in one of the two new buildings of Bilten Today; there will be another building.
Luna Street will be preserved and the two buildings next to it will be converted into the infirmary of the Intramuros district. It is therefore proposed to limit traffic within the walled city to transport vehicles and service vehicles in the area. The first proposal sees the 'walled city' as a living art museum from medieval times.
PLANNING NEW.S
RP Delegation to UNEP Meeting
Two Rural Development Projects Launched
Il}ternational Symposium on Resource Management Held in
Manila
PLANNING NEWS
FM Proposes Asean Remote Sensing Center
NSDB Okays Disaster Research
31EP Staff Members to Attend International Courses
Government to Raise-'12.9 Million Up to 1982 for Housing
PDsENACTED
FM Acts to Save Environment
IEP Graduates 27 MURP Students
10·Month SCURP Winds Up
Duckert has been the head of the Institute for Town Planning, Housing and Regional Planning at the Technical University of Hannover since 1968. He has taught at various universities in Southeast Asia, and has attended a number of international conferences and seminars on planning. He is currently the project director of the Housing and Environmental Systems, the United Nations Environment Program and the National Housing Authority. He earned two master's degrees in planning: Master of City Planning (Michigan State University, 1971) under a Fulbrlght·Hays Award and Master of Urban Transportation Planning (University of British Columbia, 1977) under a United Nations Fellowship and a degree In Architecture (Uni':. verlty of the Philippines).
He also serves as a consultant to the Transportation Cooperatives Committee, the Office of the President, and the Metropolitan Manila Transportation Committee. Her work as a researcher in the Office of Project Planning and Development of the MPWTC before moving to the Institute gave her ample experience in developing project plans. Due to delays in the printing of the journal, it is not possible to help between the dates of the articles and the date of publication.
