Challenges on Municipal Solid
Waste (MSW) Management in Cebu
ENGR. W ILLIAM CRIS V. ARTAJO Cit y Government Department - II (MI CS) OI C, Cebu Cit y Environment and Natural Resources Off icer (CCENRO)
Municipal Waste is produced from activities
within the local government units including a combination of domestic, commercial, institutional and industrial wastes and street litters
(ESWMA 2000). It refers to all discarded household, commercial
waste, non-hazardous institutional waste, ports/harbor and industrial waste, street sweepings, construction debris, agricultural ware, and other non-hazardous/non-toxic solid waste
By Definition
General Information
Location: Central Part of the Philippines
Land Area: Total = 326.10 Sq. Km. (Urban
= 78.09 Sq. Km, Rural = 248.01 Sq. Km.) Population: 798,809 (NSO, 2007)
No. of Barangays: Total = 80 (Urban = 53,
Rural = 27)
Ave. daily per capita generation: 500 grams Ave. total daily generation: 450 -500 tons
Garbage Profile Cebu City
Source: DPS, 2010
Volume of Garbage
Collected Daily
Garbage Profile
Cebu City
Garbage Profile
Overall Waste Composition, 2006
Garbage Profile
SWM Waste Composition by Sector, 2006
Garbage Profile
Overall Waste Plastic Composition, 2009
Garbage Profile
Overall Waste Plastic Composition
Major Waste Plastic Components:
PVC –5.11 % HDPE –2.64 %
Source: Waste Plastic to Fuel Project Study, 2009
Garbage Profile
Overall Waste Plastic Composition
Expenses and Garbage Fees
Waste collection and disposal is highly subsidized
• City only earns P7 million annually from garbage fees which is incorporated in the realty tax and business
taxes and penalties for violation of garbage
ordinance (2005)
• it spends P50 -P70 M to operate DPS (DPS, 2005
The DPS is the office
tasked to collect garbage in the city and barangays. Its annual operation costs the City P50 to P70 million not including the expenses
incurred by barangays that assisted in the collection.
Garbage Fee Collection &
Expenditures
• Before 2005, Cebu City charges a very
minimal garbage fee which is incorporated in the Real Estate and Business Taxes
• Collection, transportation and disposal of refuse and garbage is highly subsidized by the City Government
• The City spends P47 million annually excluding costs of supervision, fuel,
lubricants and aid to various barangays
Increase in Garbage Fees
(thru City Ordinance 2018)
Business establishments started paying increased garbage fees from January
until December 2005 during renewal of
business permit
Institutions Involved in SWM
Office/Dept./Org. Function/Activities Office of City Councilor
Nida Cabrera Legislating laws/ordinances, Chairing the Committee on Environment,
overseeing implementation of SWM programs at the city and bgy. levels, ensuring compliance of city and bgys to SWM laws
Legislating environmental-related laws, Chairing the Committee on Public Services, monitoring and
ensuring proper collection of garbage all throughout the city
Institutions Involved in SWM
Office/Dept./Org. Function/Activities Dept. of Public
Services (DPS) Cleaning (street sweeping), SWM
collection, transportation and disposal at Inayawan landfill, landfill operation and management, spearheading and
providingsupport to cleanup operations, HE maintenance & operation
City Planning and
Dev. Office (CPDO) Planning,serving as secretariat to the SWMB, barangay IEC and advocacy, providing training,, coordinating with partner NGOs, schools and other
agencies in SWM program implementation
Institutions Involved in SWM
Office/Dept./Org. Function/Activities Dept.of Engineering
and Public Works Maintenanceof drainage lines, dredging of rivers and canals, maintenance of
heavy equipment City Planning and
Dev. Office (CPDO) Planning,serving as secretariat to the SWMB, barangay IEC and advocacy, providing training,, coordinating with partner NGOs, schools and other
agencies in SWM program implementation
Institutions Involved in SWM
Office/Dept./Org. Function/Activities
CESET Enforcement of local laws/ordinances on solid waste management such as CO 1361 and CO 2031, bgy. IEC and advocacy, apprehends
indiscriminate garbage throwers and SWM ordinance violators.
B
ar a ng a ys Garbage collection,transportation and
disposal at landfill, barangay IEC and
advocacy, implementation of SWM programs at the barangay level,
coordinating with the city re implementation of SWM
programs
Institutions Involved in SWM
O f
f i c e / D
e p t . / O
r g
.
F u n c t i o n / A
c t i v
i t i e s
N
GO s /P O s/ P ri va t e s ec t or P
ro v id e s t ra in i ng s , I EC a n d a dv o ca c y o n S WM , p ar t ne r in g w it h t h e c it y i n t he im p le m en ta t io n o f S W M pr o gr a ms , p r ov i di ng te c hn i ca l a ss i st a nc e t o t h e ci t y, co m mu ni t y o rg a ni z in g , co n du c ti n g r eg ul a r c le a nu p a ct i vi t ie s
Created through Executive Order 00-33 last
November 6, 2002 and through City Ordinance No. 2017dated October 6, 2004
• The Board has 13 members that meets weekly
• Functions as a decision-making body
• Also has executive function and assisted by executive offices implementing
environmental programs of the city
Solid Waste Management
Board of Cebu City
CESET
City Environmental Sanitation and Enforcement Team
•Created through E.O. 00-45
•is the Enforcement Arm to Implement Punitive
Measures Against Violators of CO 1361 as Amended and Other Anti-Littering Laws
•No. of existing enforcers –11
•Total no. of cases filed –216,000
•Total no. of people apprehended –41,296
•No. of people doing community services -506
CESET
City Environmental Sanitation and Enforcement Team
Ordinance provisions most often violated:
1)CO 1361
• Title II Art. 3 –moral responsibility to clean the area 5 meters from nearest wall or fence of building
• Title II Art. 8 --urinating in public places
• Title II Art. 9 –littering
• Title II Art. 10 –illegal posting of handbills, posters 2) CO 2031
• Disposal of wastes beyond time of collection
• Disposal of wastes outside day of collection
• Disposal of hazardous wastes
• Mixing of source-separated wastes
Local SWM Legislations
Local SWM Legislations
SWM System Collection,
Transport and Disposal
The compactor was
formally turned over by Haarlemmermeer Mayor Fons Hertogto Mayor
Tomas Osmena last June 24, 2004.
• Acquired in 2004 with the assistance of
Haarlemmermeerunder a 50-50 sharing scheme
• Aimed at reducing the volume of garbage
dumped into the landfill
Other Equipment Trash
Compactor
Other Equipment Shredder Machines
Personnel operate the
shredder stationed at the
Nursery. Compost produced is given out to farmers for free to encourage organic farming.
• Aimed at hastening the composting process
• Utilizes 30 tons of market waste
• Expected to produce 420 tons of bio
-fertilizer
• Machines stationed at the nursery and the
landfill
Other Equipment Biogas Digester
•Utilizes animal waste and
converts it into usable gas
•P175,000 project was
undertaken with the technical assistance of USC- ANEC
•Facility has been
operational since February 2002
Personnel loading animal waste into the inlet of the 50 cubic meter biogas
digester facility located at the City Nursery
Twelve housing units were turned over in 2003 to urban poor families. A biogas
digester is shared by 2 units.
•A sprawling 1,600
square meter area serves as relocation site for urban poor families (Budlaan Housing project)
•Undertaken with
Gawad Kalinga’s assistance
•Has 12 housing units
and 6 biogas tanks
Other Equipment Biogas Tanks
Soil Cover Materials
The P208.7 million landfill in Barangay Inayawan was
designed and financed by JICA. With a total area of
15.41 hectares, the landfill has been in operation since
September 11, 1998
• To improve landfill operations, the city has purchased
additional soil cover and taken steps to modify the landfill area
• City intends to buy
new weighing scales
•
Cebu City is collecting no less than 350 Tons of
Garbage per day (collection efficiency is affected by availability of resource)
•
Implementation of "No segregation, No Collection" Policy
is being enforced but most Barangays are still not segregating
•
Weak coordination mechanisms between city and
barangay in terms of waste collection
•
Poor maintenance of equipment (collection trucks)
•
Garbage trucks not suited for segregation scheme (No
division/compartments)
•
Most garbage collectors not strictly abiding collection
policies and still accepting mixed waste
Current Realities of Cebu City SW
• Low waste diversion schemes
(MRF/Recycling/Composting)
• Low technology adoption for waste diversion
• Weak market linkages for waste recycling
products
• Landfill area has been closed but no clear
closure plans has been developed
• Alternative (private) landfill areas has been
engaged but no enough to handle current volume coupled with financial constraints
Current Realities of Cebu City SW
Change in administration warrants internal change...
