·π«∑“ß°“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥ ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’Problem Solving of Irrigation Water Utilizationin Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance Project,Suphan Buri Province

1 ¿“§«‘™“ à߇ √‘¡·≈–π‘‡∑»»“ µ√凰…µ√ §≥–‡°…µ√ °”·æß· π ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡°…µ√»“ µ√å π§√ª∞¡ 73140

Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Faculty of Agriculture Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.

2  ∂“π’∑¥≈Õߧâπ§«â“«‘®—¬°“√„™âπÈ” Õ”‡¿Õ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥ ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’ 72130 Irrigation Water Experimentation, Sam Chuk, Suphan Buri 72130, Thailand.

3 ¿“§«‘™“ à߇ √‘¡·≈–π‘‡∑»»“ µ√凰…µ√ §≥–‡°…µ√ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡°…µ√»“ µ√å °√ÿ߇∑æœ 10900

Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.

·π«∑“ß°“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√

 àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥ ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’

Problem Solving of Irrigation Water Utilization in Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance Project,

Suphan Buri Province

»ÿ¿æ√ ‰∑¬¿—°¥’

¹

‰æ‚√®πå · ß®‘π¥“

²

 “«‘µ√’ √—ß ‘¿—∑√å

³

·≈–æ—π∏宑µµå æ√ª√–∑“π ¡∫—µ‘

¹

Supaporn Thaipakdee

¹

, Pairoj Saengchinda

²

, Savitree Rangsipaht

³

and Panchit Pornpratansombat

¹

ABSTRACT

The objectives of the research were to study: 1) problems of irrigation water utilization under the Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance Project, Suphan Buri Province from farmersû and officialsû point of view; and 2) problem solving of irrigation water utilization under this project from farmersû and officialsû point of view.

Samples included 67 farmers deriving from multi-stage sampling and 20 officials under the project from purposive sampling. Instruments were questionnaire, interview and observation. Data analyses comprised of quantitative and qualitative procedures, analyzed by percentage, arithmetic mean and content analysis.

Research findings revealed that main problems of the Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance Project were: lack of an implementation according to the agreement upon water utilization, conflict, and fighting against one another for water during drought season. Suggestions to solve problems included encouraging team work, cooperating with local government, and creating participation awareness of farmers.

Key words: irrigation water utilization

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‚ ¥ ¬ °” À π ¥ ª √ – ‡ ¥Á π ° “ √ »÷ ° … “ ‡ °’Ë ¬ « °— ∫ ° “ √ À “

¡“µ√°“√∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ√–ß—∫¢âÕæ‘æ“∑√–À«à“ß

°≈ÿࡺŸâ„™âπÈ”æ∫«à“ °√≥’¥—ß°≈à“«¡’Õ¬Ÿà‡ªìπª√–®”‚¥¬

‡©æ“–„π™à«ßƒ¥Ÿ·≈âß ¡—°‡ªìπ∑’Ë„™âª√–‚¬™π宓°

 “¬πÈ”‡¥’¬«°—π §◊Õ °≈ÿà¡Õ¬Ÿàª≈“¬πÈ”®–‰¥â√—∫§«“¡

‡¥◊Õ¥√âÕπ‡æ√“–‰¡à¡’πÈ”®–‡æ“–ª≈Ÿ°∫“ߧ√—Èß°Á¢Õ·∫àß ªíππÈ”®“°°≈ÿà¡∑’ËÕ¬ŸàµâππÈ”‰ª„™â „π∫“ß™à«ßÀ“°°≈ÿà¡

µâππÈ”„À⧫“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ‚¥¬ªî¥°“√„™âπÈ”¢Õßµπ‡Õß

·≈⫪≈àÕ¬„ÀâπÈ”‰À≈‰ª Ÿàæ◊Èπ∑’˪≈“¬πÈ”∫â“ß Õ“®®– 7

«—πµàÕ§√—Èß ªí≠À“®–∫√√‡∑“≈ß ·µà„π∑“ßµ√ß°—π

¢â“¡À“° —¡æ—π∏¿“æ√–À«à“ß∑—Èß Õß°≈ÿࡉ¡à¥’ ‡√◊ËÕß

¢Õ·∫àߪíππÈ”°àÕ„À⇰‘¥°“√æ‘æ“∑√–À«à“ß°≈ÿࡇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ

‚¥¬¡’°“√≈—°¢‚¡¬πÈ” ∑”≈“¬∑”π∫°—ππÈ”¢Õß°≈ÿà¡

µâππÈ” ∫“ߧ√—Èß√ÿπ·√ß∂÷ß°—∫„™âÕ“«ÿ∏∑”√⓬°—π

¡“≈—¬ (2523) ‰¥â»÷°…“ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√

¥”‡π‘πß“π·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“√–∫∫™≈ª√–∑“π„π‰√àπ“

æ∫«à“ªí≠À“¢Õ߇°…µ√°√ à«π¡“°‡°‘¥®“°·ª≈ßπ“

‰¥â√—∫πÈ”‰¡à –¥«°‡π◊ËÕß®“°æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∫√‘‡«≥™à«ß°≈“ß

·≈–ª≈“¬§Ÿ àßπÈ”  à«π·ª≈ß∑’ˉ¡à‰¥â√—∫πÈ”‡≈¬æ◊Èπ∑’Ë

®–Õ¬Ÿà™à«ßª≈“¬§Ÿ àßπÈ”  “‡Àµÿ¡“®“°§Ÿ àßπÈ”¡’√–¥—∫

µË”°«à“·ª≈ßπ“ §ŸπÈ”‡°‘¥§«“¡™”√ÿ¥∑”„ÀâπÈ”‰¡à “¡“√∂

‰À≈‰ª∂÷ß·ª≈ßπ“ πÈ”µâπ∑ÿπ¡’πâÕ¬ ·ª≈ßπ“‰¡à‰¥â

√–¥—∫ ·≈–§—π§Ÿµ◊Èπ‡¢‘π

∏—≠≠“ (2519) ‰¥â»÷°…“ªí≠À“°“√¢—¥·¬âß

¢Õ߇°…µ√°√ºŸâ„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“πæ∫«à“‡°‘¥®“°§«“¡

¬“«¢ÕߧŸ§≈Õß®–‡ªìπªØ‘¿“§‚¥¬µ√ß°—∫°√≥’¢—¥·¬âß

‡√◊ËÕßπÈ” ∂ⓧ≈Õß àßπÈ”¬‘Ë߬“«§«“¡¢—¥·¬â߇√◊ËÕßπÈ”®–¡’

¡“° À¡Ÿà∫â“π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàµâπ§≈Õß¡—°‰¥âπÈ”¡“°°«à“À¡Ÿà∫â“π

∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàª≈“¬§≈Õß

«‘∏’°“√«‘®—¬

ª√–™“°√

ª√–™“°√ §◊Õ ‡°…µ√°√∑’Ë∑”°“√‡æ“–ª≈Ÿ°·≈–

Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ°

®”π«π 149 À¡Ÿà∫â“π ´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà„π 36 µ”∫≈ ¢Õß 7 Õ”‡¿Õ

√«¡∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ 10,532 §π ·≈–‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”

‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥

 ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’

°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß

‡°…µ√°√°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß„™â«‘∏’°“√ ÿà¡·∫∫À≈“¬

¢—ÈπµÕπ (Multi-Stage Sampling) ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬«‘∏’

°“√ ÿà¡·∫∫‡ªìπ°≈ÿà¡ (Cluster Sampling) ‚¥¬„™â Õ—µ√“√âÕ¬≈– 30  ÿà¡®“° 7 Õ”‡¿Õ ‰¥â 2 Õ”‡¿Õ ´÷Ëß Õ¬Ÿà„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë ·≈– ÿࡵ”∫≈‚¥¬„™â√Ÿª·∫∫‡¥’¬«°—π ‰¥â µ”∫≈µ—«Õ¬à“ß 2 µ”∫≈ À≈—ß®“°π—Èπ ÿà¡À¡Ÿà∫â“πµ—«Õ¬à“ß

®”π«π 4 À¡Ÿà∫â“π ¢—ÈπµÕπ ÿ¥∑⓬„™â°“√ ÿà¡·∫∫ßà“¬

(Simple Random Simpling) ‰¥â‡°…µ√°√µ—«Õ¬à“ß

®”π«π 67 §π

 ”À√—∫‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√„™â«‘∏’°“√

 ÿà¡·∫∫‡®“–®ß (Purposive Sampling) ‰¥â‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë ª√–®”‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫‚¥¬µ√߇°’ˬ«°—∫°“√

§«∫§ÿ¡¥Ÿ·≈°“√ àßπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π„Àâ°—∫‡°…µ√°√

®”π«π 20 §π

°“√√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

°“√‡°Á∫√«¡√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈„™â·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ´÷Ëß¡’

2 µÕπ §◊Õ 1) ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈æ◊Èπ∞“π ·≈– 2) ªí≠À“°“√„™â πÈ”¢Õ߇°…µ√°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“

 “¡™ÿ° ·≈–‡ √‘¡¥â«¬°“√ —¡¿“…≥å°≈ÿà¡ (Focus group)

¥â«¬·∫∫ —¡¿“…≥å∑’Ë°”Àπ¥ª√–‡¥Áπ §◊Õ ªí≠À“°“√

„™âπÈ”¢Õ߇°…µ√°√„π‚§√ß°“√ ·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–„π

°“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“

°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡™‘ߪ√‘¡“≥„™âæ√√≥π“ ∂‘µ‘ „π

°“√∫√√¬“¬¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ‰¥â·°à √âÕ¬≈–

·≈–§à“‡©≈’ˬ  à«π¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“愙Ⱃ√«‘‡§√“–Àå

‡π◊ÈÕÀ“

º≈°“√«‘®—¬·≈–¢âÕ«‘®“√≥å

1. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈æ◊Èπ∞“π

1.1 ‡°…µ√°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–

∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥ ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’

®“°°“√»÷°…“‡°…µ√°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√

®”π«π 67 §π æ∫«à“‡°…µ√°√ à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈–

80.6) „πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√‡ªìπ‡æ»™“¬ ∑’ˇÀ≈◊Õ‡ªìπ‡æ»

À≠‘ß (√âÕ¬≈– 19.4) ¡’Õ“¬ÿ√–À«à“ß 41-50 ªï ·≈– 51- 60 ªï ¡’ —¥ à«π∑’Ë„°≈⇧’¬ß°—π (√âÕ¬≈– 34.3 ·≈– 37.3)

¥—ß Table 1 ‡°…µ√°√ à«π„À≠àª√–°Õ∫Õ“™’æ∑”π“

‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬« ¡’√Õ∫°“√º≈‘µ¢â“« 2-3 §√—ÈßµàÕªï ¡’

æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑”°“√‡°…µ√‡©≈’ˬ 34.43 ‰√à „™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π

‡ªìπ·À≈àßπÈ”À≈—° ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’ªí≠À“‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√„™âπÈ”

™≈ª√–∑“π‡°…µ√°√®–µ‘¥µàÕ‚¥¬µ√ß°—∫‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë

Table 1 Background characteristics of farmers under the Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance Project.

n = 67 Some background characteristics Frequency Percentage 1. Gender

Male 54 80.6

Female 13 19.4

2. Age (years)

≤ 30 1 1.5

31 - 40 12 17.9

41- 50 23 34.3

51 - 60 25 37.3

> 60 6 9.0

max. = 67, min. = 27 and mean = 49.43

3. Contact persons when irrigation utilization problems taking place

Farmers in the same area 31 46.3

Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance officials 48 71.6

Sub district administrative officials 22 32.8

Representatives in the area 5 7.5

Head of the village 4 6.0

Chief of Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance 1 1.5

4. Agricultural land (rai)

≤ 10 9 13.4

11 - 20 16 23.9

21 - 30 7 10.5

31 - 40 14 20.9

41 - 50 10 14.9

> 50 11 16.4

max. = 85, min. = 7 and mean = 34.43

Table 2 Background characteristics of Irrigation Water Officials.

n = 20

Some background characteristics Frequency Percentage

1. Gender

Male 20 100.0

Female 0 0

2. Age (years)

≤ 30 1 5.0

31 - 40 6 30.0

41- 50 8 40.0

> 50 5 25.0

max. = 60, min. = 27 and mean = 44 3. Working experience (years)

≤ 10 8 40.0

11 - 20 8 40.0

> 20 4 20.0

max. = 37, min. = 0.5 and mean = 13 4. Times to contact farmers in 2003

Never 0 0

1 - 3 times 2 10.0

4 - 6 times 0 0

7 - 9 times 0 0

> 10 times 18 90.0

ª√–®”‚§√ß°“√ §‘¥‡ªìπ√âÕ¬≈– 71.6 ·≈–¡’

‡°…µ√°√‡æ’¬ß∫“ß à«π∑’Ë¡’∫àÕπÈ”∫“¥“≈ ”√Õ߉«â„™â  ”À√—∫ƒ¥Ÿ·≈âß ¡’°“√„™â “√‡§¡’¡“°„π√–∫∫°“√º≈‘µ

¢≥–∑’Ë°“√‡ªìπ ¡“™‘°°≈ÿࡺŸâ„™âπÈ”‰¡à§àÕ¬¡’º≈µàÕ°“√

®—¥°“√°“√„™âπÈ”¢Õ߇°…µ√°√ Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡

‡°…µ√°√ à«π„À≠à‡¢â“„®ªí≠À“¢Õß°“√„™âπÈ” ·µà‰¡à  “¡“√∂√«¡µ—«°—π®—¥°“√°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π„π æ◊Èπ∑’ˉ¥â

1.2 ‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß

√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥ ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’

®“°°“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“ ‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√

´÷Ëß¡’Àπâ“∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫§«∫§ÿ¡¥Ÿ·≈°“√ àßπÈ” ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥

‡ªìπ‡æ»™“¬  à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈– 40) Õ“¬ÿ 41-50 ªï ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π°“√∑”ß“π∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡

¥Ÿ·≈°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π πâÕ¬°«à“·≈–‡∑à“°—∫ 10 ªï

·≈– 11-20 ªï ‡∑à“°—π (√âÕ¬≈– 40)  à«π®”π«π§√—Èß

„ π ° “ √ µ‘ ¥ µà Õ °— ∫ ‡ ° … µ √ ° √ ‡ °’Ë ¬ « °— ∫ ° “ √ „ ™â πÈ”

™≈ª√–∑“π„πªï æ.». 2546  à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈– 90)

¡’®”π«π 10 §√—Èߢ÷Èπ‰ª ¥—ß Table 2

2. ªí≠À“·≈–·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“¢Õ߇°…µ√°√„π

‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ°

ªí≠À“¢Õ߇°…µ√°√„π‚§√ß°“√ ∑’Ë ”§—≠ §◊Õ

°“√≈—°≈Õ∫ Ÿ∫πÈ”„π§≈Õß àßπÈ”‰ª„™â„π™à«ß∑’ËÀâ“¡

„™âπÈ” (√âÕ¬≈– 76.1) „™â§—π§≈Õ߇ªìπ∑’Ë —≠®√·≈–¢π

¬â“¬º≈º≈‘µ (√âÕ¬≈– 37.3) °“√µ‘¥µ—Èß∑àյ˔°«à“µ≈‘Ëß (√âÕ¬≈– 28.4) °“√µ‘¥µ—Èß∑àÕ àßπÈ”‡æ‘Ë¡ °“√¢“¥°“√

∫”√ÿß√—°…“√–∫∫ àßπÈ” ·≈–√–∫“¬πÈ”„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë ‚¥¬

‡©æ“–Àπâ“æ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑”°“√‡°…µ√¢Õßµπ (√âÕ¬≈– 19.4)

·≈–°“√ √â“ß ‘Ëß°’¥¢«“ß„π§Ÿ àßπÈ” (√âÕ¬≈– 16.4) ¥—ß Table 3 ®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥å°≈ÿà¡æ∫«à“ “‡Àµÿ·≈–

ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ ¡’¥—ßπ’È §«“¡µâÕß°“√„™âπÈ”¢Õß

‡°…µ√°√·≈–ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”¢Õß‚§√ß°“√∑’ˉ¡à —¡æ—π∏å°—π ªí≠À“‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫§«“¡¢—¥·¬âß·≈–°“√·¬àß™‘ßπÈ”

™≈ª√–∑“π√–À«à“߇°…µ√°√„π™à«ßƒ¥Ÿ·≈âß °“√‰¡à

√«¡°≈ÿà¡¢Õ߇°…µ√°√‡æ◊ËÕ®—¥°“√°“√„™âπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß

√—°…“§Ÿ§≈Õß àßπÈ” ‡°…µ√°√‡ÀÁπ«à“§π∑’ËÕ¬ŸàµâππÈ”

¡—°‰¥â‡ª√’¬∫·≈–„™âπÈ”‚¥¬∑’ˉ¡à§”π÷ß∂÷ߧπ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿàª≈“¬

πÈ”∑”„Àâª≈“¬πÈ”‰¥â√—∫πÈ”‰¡à‡æ’¬ßæÕ ·≈–¡’°“√°√–

∑”‡æ◊ËÕπ”πÈ”‰ª„™â„À≥â‡æ‘Ë¡¡“°¢÷Èπ„π™à«ß∑’Ë¢“¥·§≈π

¢≥–∑’Ë°≈ÿࡺŸâ„™âπÈ”∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°°“√®—¥µ—ÈߢÕß Àπ૬ߓπ√—∞·µà‰¡à¡’∫∑∫“∑„π∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°

¢“¥°Æ °µ‘°“√à«¡°—π À√◊Õ¡’°Æ√–‡∫’¬∫·µà‰¡à¡’°“√

∫—ߧ—∫„™âÕ¬à“ß®√‘ß®—ß ·≈–‰¡à¡’∫∑≈ß‚∑…ºŸâΩÉ“ΩóπÀ√◊Õ

°√–∑”§«“¡º‘¥

 à«π·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“ §«√¡’°“√®—¥

√–‡∫’¬∫°“√„™âπȔլà“ß¡’√–∫∫¢÷Èπ ·≈–À“«‘∏’ √â“ß

°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡„π°“√„™âπÈ”¢Õ߇°…µ√°√ µ—«Õ¬à“߇™àπ

°“√®—¥µ—Èß°Õß∑ÿπ¥Ÿ·≈√—°…“§Ÿ§≈Õß àßπÈ” ·≈–¡’

√–∫∫‡«√°“√„™âπÈ” ·≈–§«√¡’°“√ª√– “πß“π°—∫

°√¡™≈ª√–∑“π‡æ◊ËÕª√÷°…“À“√◊Õ√à«¡°—π‡√◊ËÕߪ√‘¡“≥

·≈–™à«ß‡«≈“°“√„™âπÈ”

3. ªí≠À“·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–µàÕ‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–

∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ°„π¡ÿ¡¡ÕߢÕ߇®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë

ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ„π‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß

√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° §◊Õ ‡°…µ√°√ à«π„À≠à (√âÕ¬≈– 95)  Ÿ∫πÈ”®“°§≈Õß àßπÈ”‰ª„™â √Õß≈ß¡“‡ªìπªí≠À“¢Õß

° “ √ ‰ ¡à ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ µ “ ¡ ¢â Õ µ ° ≈ ß ‡ °’Ë ¬ « °— ∫ ° “ √ „ ™â πÈ”

™≈ª√–∑“π¢Õ߇°…µ√°√ (√âÕ¬≈– 80) ´÷Ë߇°…µ√°√

Õ“® Ÿ∫πÈ”„π™à«ß∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√Àâ“¡„™âπÈ”„π°“√‡°…µ√

¡’°“√µ‘¥µ—Èß∑àÕ àßπÈ”‡æ‘Ë¡‡æ◊ËÕ®–∑”„Àâ√—∫πÈ”‰¥âª√‘¡“≥

¡“°¢÷Èπ „™â§—π§≈Õß —≠®√·≈–¢π¬â“¬º≈º≈‘µ´÷Ëß°àÕ

„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬µàÕ√–∫∫ àßπÈ”‰¥â °“√ √â“ß ‘Ëß

°’¥¢«“ß„π§Ÿ àßπÈ”‡æ◊ËÕ¬°√–¥—∫πÈ”„À⠟ߢ÷Èπ·≈–

 “¡“√∂π”πÈ”‰ª„™â‰¥â¡“°¢÷Èπ (√âÕ¬≈– 55) °“√¢“¥

°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“√–∫∫ àßπÈ” (√âÕ¬≈– 20)  à«πªí≠À“

¥â“π°“√∑”≈“¬§—π°—ÈππÈ”·≈–ªí≠À“‡°’ˬ«°—∫√–∫∫ àß πÈ”π—Èπ¡’πâÕ¬¡“° ¥—ß Table 3 ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡°…µ√°√

‡ÀÁ𧫓¡ ”§—≠·≈–ª√–‚¬™πå∑’Ë¡’µàÕµπ‡Õß ®“°

ªí≠À“¥—ß°≈à“«· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“ ‡°…µ√°√ à«π„À≠à À“°µâÕß°“√„™âπÈ”°Á®–µâÕßÀ“«‘∏’π”πÈ”‰ª„™â„À≥â

‚¥¬°Æ°µ‘°“´÷Ëß¡’Õ¬Ÿà‰¡à “¡“√∂∫—ߧ—∫„™â‰¥â ‡π◊ËÕß®“°

À“°º≈º≈‘µ‰¡à‰¥â√—∫πÈ”°Á®–‡°‘¥§«“¡‡ ’¬À“¬

Table 3 Problems of farmers under the Sam Chuk Operation and Maintenance Project from farmersû and officialsû point of view.

Problems of farmers under the Sam Chuk Farmers (n = 67) Officials (n = 20) Operation and Maintenance Project Frequency % Frequency %

1. Destruction of water canal dike 3 4.5 1 5.0

2. Installation of water drainage to take more water

from canal than other farmers 19 28.4 3 15.0

3. Making hurdle in the canal to raise water level

for personal use 11 16.4 11 55.0

4. Increasing water pipes to get more water 13 19.4 15 75.0

5. Lacking of maintenance both water support and

drain 13 19.4 4 20.0

6. Not following agreement of water utilization 10 14.9 16 80.0

7. Allowing animals in water irrigation canal 3 4.5 1 5.0

8. The use of canal dike for transportation 25 37.3 16 80.0

9. Smuggling water 51 76.1 19 95.0

ªí≠À“∑’Ë°≈à“«¡“¢â“ßµâπ§àÕπ¢â“߬“°µàÕ°“√

·°â‰¢‡π◊ËÕß®“°„π·ßà¡ÿ¡¢Õ߇°…µ√°√µâÕߧ”π÷ß∂÷ß

§«“¡Õ¬Ÿà√Õ¥ „π¢≥–∑’ËΩÉ“¬‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë®–√—∫π‚¬∫“¬

„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π®“°°√¡™≈ª√–∑“π ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”∑’Ë¡’Õ¬ŸàæÕ„™â°—∫¿“√°‘®µà“ßÊ µ≈Õ¥ªï À√◊Õ

®π°«à“®–¡’µâπ∑ÿππÈ”¡“„À¡à ·µà®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥å°≈ÿà¡

æ∫«à“ °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õ߇®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√

®–ªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡π‚¬∫“¬®“°‡∫◊ÈÕß∫π „π¢≥–∑’˧«“¡

µâÕß°“√°“√„™âπÈ”¢Õ߇°…µ√°√·µà≈–·Àà߉¡à‡À¡◊Õπ°—π

¡’°“√º≈‘µ¢â“«Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ªï≈– 2 §√—Èß

Õ¬à“߉√°Áµ“¡À“°¡’°“√ª√– “πß“π查§ÿ¬

°—π√–À«à“߇°…µ√°√ ·≈–‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√œ

‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥·π«∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘∑’ˇªìπ‰ª‰¥â ‰¥â·°à °“√

ª≈àÕ¬πÈ”„Àâµ√ßµ“¡§«“¡µâÕß°“√¢Õ߇°…µ√°√

§«“¡∂’ËÀ√◊Õ®—ßÀ«–„π°“√ª≈àÕ¬πÈ”¢Õß‚§√ß°“√∑’Ë  Õ¥§≈âÕß·≈–‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â πÕ°®“°π’È°“√√à«¡¡◊Õ·≈–

·∫àߪíππÈ”°—π√–À«à“߇°…µ√°√°≈ÿࡵâππÈ”·≈–ª≈“¬

πÈ”®–™à«¬∫√√‡∑“ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ‰¥â (»ÿ¿™—¬, 2532)  à«π·π«∑“ß„π°“√·°â‰¢ªí≠À“´÷Ë߉¥â®“°

°“√ —¡¿“…≥å ¡’¥—ßπ’È §«√ π—∫ πÿπ„À⇰…µ√°√√«¡

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·≈–§«√„Àâ°“√ π—∫ πÿπ°“√´àÕ¡·´¡ °“√∫”√ÿß

√—°…“§≈Õß/§Ÿ àßπÈ”„Àâ°—∫‡°…µ√°√ ‚¥¬ª√– “πß“π

°—∫Õߧ尓√∫√‘À“√ à«πµ”∫≈ (Õ∫µ.) ¡’°“√·®âß

¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π‡ªìπ√–¬–Ê „Àâ·°à‡°…µ√°√

·≈– √â“ߧ«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ°—∫‡°…µ√°√ºŸâ„™âπÈ” ·°â‰¢

ªí≠À“°“√®—¥ √√πÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π„À⇰…µ√°√Õ¬à“ß∑—Ë«∂÷ß

·≈–∑—π‡«≈“µâÕß°“√

4. ·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π

®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥å°≈ÿà¡∑—È߇°…µ√°√·≈–‡®â“

Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√µà“ß„Àâ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–∑’ËÕ“®π”

‰ª Ÿà·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“ ¥—ßπ’È

1) °“√√«¡°≈ÿà¡®—¥µ—È߇ªìπ°≈ÿࡺŸâ„™âπÈ”∑’Ë¡’

∫∑∫“∑„π∑“ߪؑ∫—µ‘®√‘ß æ—≤π“°≈ÿࡺŸâ„™âπÈ”∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà‡¥‘¡

‚¥¬°“√µ—Èß°µ‘°“√à«¡°—π ¡’√–‡∫’¬∫°“√„™âπÈ” ¡’§≥–

°√√¡°“√«“ß·ºπ°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“πÈ” ·≈–¡’∫∑≈ß‚∑…

ºŸâ°√–∑”§«“¡º‘¥ ‚¥¬ √â“ß ‡ªÑ“À¡“¬°“√„™âπÈ”√à«¡°—π  √â“ß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π ¡’°“√µ‘¥µàÕ  ◊ËÕ “√°—π„π°≈ÿà¡ ¡’°“√ª√– “πß“π°—π„π°≈ÿà¡ ¡’

°“√µ—¥ ‘π„®√à«¡°—π ·≈– ‘Ëß ”§—≠§◊Õ¡’º≈ª√–‚¬™πå

®“°°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π√à«¡°—π

2) °“√ª√– “πß“π°—∫Àπ૬ߓπ à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ

‡™àπ Õߧ尓√∫√‘À“√ à«πµ”∫≈ (Õ∫µ.) ·≈–Õߧ尓√

∫√‘À“√ à«π®—ßÀ«—¥ (Õ∫®.) ‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ π—∫ πÿπß∫

ª √ – ¡ “ ≥ · ≈ – ° “ √ ∫” √ÿ ß √— ° … “ § ≈ Õ ß · ≈ – §Ÿ  à ß πÈ”

™≈ª√–∑“π

3) Õ∫√¡‡°…µ√°√ºŸâ„™âπÈ”‡æ◊ËÕ √â“ß®‘µ ”π÷°

√à«¡°—π ™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ°—π∑—Èߥâ“π°”≈—ß°“¬·≈–°”≈—ß∑√—æ¬å

‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰…µ√°√ “¡“√∂„™âπÈ”‰¥âÕ¬à“ß∂Ÿ°µâÕ߇À¡“–

 ¡°—∫ƒ¥Ÿ°“≈

4) ¡’°“√ª√– “πß“π√–À«à“߇°…µ√°√ºŸâ„™â πÈ”·≈–‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√ ¡’°“√ª√÷°…“À“√◊Õ

√à«¡°—π «“ß·ºπ°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–„™âπÈ”√à«¡°—π ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ

‡°‘¥·ºπ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π∑’Ë “¡“√∂·°â‰¢ªí≠À“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ

·≈–µÕ∫ πÕߧ«“¡µâÕß°“√„™âπÈ”¢Õ߇°…µ√°√·≈–

ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”µâπ∑ÿπ¢Õß°√¡™≈ª√–∑“π‰¥â¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥

 √ÿª·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–

ªí≠À“¢Õ߇°…µ√°√ à«π„À≠à §◊Õ °“√·¬àß

™‘ß°“√„™âπÈ”„π™à«ßƒ¥Ÿ·≈âß ¢“¥°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“§Ÿ§≈Õß  àßπÈ” ·≈–¢“¥°“√ª√– “πß“π°—∫‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”

‚§√ß°“√ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑√“∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ª√‘¡“≥·≈–™à«ß‡«≈“°“√„™âπÈ”

‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ‡ÀÁπ

«à“ªí≠À“¢Õ߇°…µ√°√„π‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß

√—°…“ “¡™ÿ°∑’Ë ”§—≠ §◊Õ °“√‰¡àªØ‘∫—µ‘µ“¡¢âÕµ°≈ß

‡°’ˬ«°—∫°“√„™âπÈ” °“√ √â“ß ‘Ëß°’¥¢«“߇æ◊ËÕ¬°√–¥—∫πÈ”

·≈–°“√≈—°≈Õ∫π”πÈ”‰ª„™â ‡π◊ËÕß®“°‡°…µ√°√

µâÕß°“√„™âπÈ”„π™à«ßƒ¥Ÿ·≈âß À√◊Õ™à«ß¢“¥·§≈π √Õß

≈ß¡“§◊Õ ¢“¥°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“√–∫∫ àßπÈ”  à«π°“√

∑”≈“¬√–∫∫ àßπÈ”‡ªìπªí≠À“∑’ËπâÕ¬¡“°

·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“°“√¢—¥·¬âß §«√ π—∫ πÿπ

„À⇰…µ√°√√«¡°≈ÿà¡ ‡æ◊ËÕ∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë¥Ÿ·≈°“√„™âπÈ”„Àâ

‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡¢âÕµ°≈ß ·≈–§«√„Àâ°“√ π—∫ πÿπ°“√

´àÕ¡·´¡ °“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“§≈Õß/§Ÿ àßπÈ”„Àâ°—∫‡°…µ√°√

‚¥¬ª√– “πß“π°—∫Õߧ尓√∫√‘À“√ à«πµ”∫≈ (Õ∫µ.)

·≈–®—¥Ωñ°Õ∫√¡ √â“ß®‘µ ”π÷°¢Õß°“√¡’ à«π√à«¡„Àâ

·°à‡°…µ√°√

¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–®“°º≈°“√«‘®—¬

1. ‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˪√–®”‚§√ß°“√ ·≈–‡°…µ√°√

§«√‰¥â¡’‚Õ°“ æ∫ª– ª√÷°…“À“√◊Õ ·≈–«“ß·ºπ

°“√®—¥°“√√–∫∫ àßπÈ”‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡¢â“„®∑’Ë¥’µàÕ

°—π∑—Èß ÕßΩÉ“¬ ·≈–·°âªí≠À“‰¥â∑—π∑à«ß∑’ ·∑π°“√

√—∫π‚¬∫“¬®“°‡∫◊ÈÕß∫π‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«

2. Õߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà„°≈♑¥

°—∫‡°…µ√°√„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√·µà≈–·Ààߧ«√¡’ à«π

√à«¡„π°“√®—¥°“√·≈–°“√¥Ÿ·≈√–∫∫πÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π

¡“°¢÷Èπ

‡Õ° “√Õâ“ßÕ‘ß

°√¡™≈ª√–∑“π. 2543. ª√–«—µ‘·≈–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‚§√ß°“√

 àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“ “¡™ÿ°. ‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–

∫”√ÿß√—°…“ Õßæ’ËπâÕß. ¡.ª.∑.

∑‘»π“ ·¢¡¡≥’. 2545. °≈ÿà¡ —¡æ—π∏å‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∑”ß“π

·≈–®—¥°“√‡√’¬π°“√ Õπ. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: π‘™‘π·Õ¥

‡«Õ√å‰∑´‘Ëß °√ÿäø.

∏—≠≠“ ∏’√»“ µ√å. 2519. ‡Õ° “√√“¬ß“πª√–°Õ∫°“√

 —¡¡π“ªí≠À“‡°…µ√™≈ª√–∑“π.  ”π—°ß“π

‡°…µ√¿“§µ–«—πÕÕ°‡©’¬ß‡Àπ◊Õ °√¡ à߇ √‘¡

°“√‡°…µ√, °√–∑√«ß‡°…µ√·≈– À°√≥å.

π‘√—π¥√å ®ÿ≈∑√—æ¬å. 2542. °≈ÿà¡ —¡æ—π∏å ”À√—∫°“√Ωñ°

Õ∫√¡.  ß¢≈“: ‡∑¡°“√æ‘¡æå.

‰æ‚√®πå · ß®‘π¥“. 2545. ªí®®—¬∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫ªí≠À“

°“√„™âπÈ”™≈ª√–∑“π„πƒ¥Ÿ·≈âߢÕ߇°…µ√°√:

°√≥’»÷°…“„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë‚§√ß°“√ àßπÈ”·≈–∫”√ÿß

√—°…“ “¡™ÿ° ®—ßÀ«—¥ ÿæ√√≥∫ÿ√’. °√ÿ߇∑æœ:

«‘ ∑ ¬ “ π‘ æ π ∏å ª √‘ ≠ ≠ “ ‚ ∑ , ¡ À “ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ≈— ¬

‡°…µ√»“ µ√å.

¡“≈—¬ §√Õ߉滓≈. 2532. ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√¥”‡π‘π ß“π·≈–∫”√ÿß√—°…“√–∫∫™≈ª√–∑“π„π‰√àπ“:

»÷°…“‡©æ“–°√≥’„π‡¢µ°“√®—¥√Ÿª∑’Ë¥‘πÀπÕßÀ«“¬

®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°àπ. °√ÿ߇∑æœ: «‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏åª√‘≠≠“

‚∑, ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬‡°…µ√»“ µ√å.

»ÿ¿™—¬ π‘¡¡“π‡À¡‘π∑√å. 2532. °“√®—¥°“√™≈ª√–∑“π

·∫∫æ◊Èπ‡¡◊ÕߢÕß≈â“ππ“‰∑¬ (‡À¡◊ÕßΩ“¬ ·≈–

æπ—ß) : ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ¢Õß ¡“™‘°

°≈ÿà¡™≈ª√–∑“π√“…Æ√å„π°“√®—¥°“√°“√„™âπÈ”

„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë Õ”‡¿ÕªÉ“´“ß ®—ßÀ«—¥≈”æŸπ. °√ÿ߇∑æœ:

«‘ ∑ ¬ “ π‘ æ π ∏å ª √‘ ≠ ≠ “ ‚ ∑ , ¡ À “ «‘ ∑ ¬ “ ≈— ¬

‡°…µ√»“ µ√å.