INTRODUCTION
Background and Rationale
The unregistered population was able to spend the night in Bangkok, and according to the number of unregistered, the data is shown in Figure 1. The number of condominium registrations in 2018 is 56,602 rooms, which is the highest level of condominium registration this year.
Purpose of The Study
For these reasons, the researcher is interested in research on the decision-making behavior of choosing a residential location in Bangkok, including buying and renting condominiums. In addition, the researcher examines the rental apartment with near and far rail transit station on the factor in apartment choice decision by using stated preference (SP) technique to analyze the decision behavior of apartment location choice in Bangkok.
Significant of The Study
Advantage of The Study
Scope of The Study
- Research Population
- Research Sample
1 .2 The decision on the choice of housing location as an owner-occupied apartment, where there is a distance from the railway transit station, was 100 samples. Y = 0 means for Housing choice decision for external rail transit line Y = 1 means for housing choice decision along to rail transit line.
Definition Terms
To find out the behavior of the unregistered population in Bangkok in the decision to choose an apartment as a condominium, which leads to the presentation of a policy for a condominium company and development. To recognize the trend of changes of the unregistered population in Bangkok, leading to the presentation of a policy on dispersal and a traffic plan.
Conceptual framework
- Hypothesis Research
People who have a higher education get an income and are reasonable in the choice decision. The choice of housing determines what people have a sustainable income and the intention of getting a career or higher job.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Preferences and Selection Probabilities
The equation was considered in the probability in the basic choice of Luce (1959) that related to choice 1 was independent of choice decision in equation 2.2 or choice equation 2.3 according to 3 hypothesis;. For Case 3 (Irrelevance of Alternative Set Effect) For specified 𝑉(𝑠, 𝑥, 𝑧) the probability of choosing the equation was as follows;.
Alternative theory of transportation and residential choice
- Commuters’ Mode and Route Choices
- Residential Location Choice Model
With specifications 𝐿(𝑆𝑖𝑗,𝑂) are related to the distance to travel from rail transit stations to the CBD by taking 𝑣𝑇𝑖 at the average speed of rail transit. 𝑍𝐿(𝑋) = 𝜃 ∙ 𝑇𝐿(𝑋) + 𝐶𝐿(𝑥)∀( and then, transit on the rail to continue to the CBD center.
Research Relates
5 Walking, the important factors were the duration of travel according to the study of Jia Guo et al.(2020). The study considered the definition of the duration and budget for travel to work.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research methodology was to study the influencing factor that affected to the
- Identifying population and samples size
- Research Instrumentation
- Data collection
The people who lived in the apartment with nearby railway stations such as green line, orange line, Silom line, Blue line, Purple line and Airport Rail Link were determined as the samples, and the apartment was located far from the station. 500 meters. Furthermore, there was another random sample of the people who were a condominium buyer and rent a condominium with a distance from the railway stations at least a kilometer or more.
The research methodology was to study the influencing factor that affected to the
- Identifying population and samples
- Research Instrumentation
The researcher decided to study residents who lived in a condominium with a nearby and distant train station as samples. In addition, another random sampling of people who were condominium buyers and tenants of condominiums located at least one kilometer from rail transit stations was conducted.
Revealed Preference method(RP)
- The concept and theory of the satisfaction for the residential choice
- Qualification test of Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives(IIA)
- Model constructing Process
- Data Analysis
𝑅ℎ instead of expenses including to the residence (Bath) Then it can be in Lagrangian Function as follows;. Alternative Choice Model revealed the behavioral correlation for the residential choice between owner or rental residences and other factors through the use of the utility. This can explain the influence of each variable that influenced the residential choice behavior.
The interpretation of absolute criteria could be categorized according to the level of satisfaction. Logit model The estimate in the linear probability model was not suitable for the estimation model, but according to the study found, the probit and logit model could be used in the case that the dependent variable is binary and MLE (maximum likelihood estimation was used to estimate the coefficient in the model with the following conditions.
The research methodology was to study the influencing factor that affected to the
- Identifying population and samples size
- Research Instrumentation
- Data Collection
- Stated Preference (SP)
- Research Designs in Fractional Factorial Designs
- Decision in the simulation
- Dara Analysis with Multinomial logistic regression (MLR)
The samples were random from unregistered population who resided in the condominium with nearby railway stations. In addition, there was another random sample from unregistered populations who resided in the condominium with a distance from the rail transit stations of at least one kilometer or more. The analysis for choosing a condominium using Multinomial logistic regression (MLR) in simulation 1 with condition for 1 bedroom and size of room area 29 sq m.
The analysis for a condominium choice decision using multinomial logistic regression (MLR in the simulation 2 with condition of a condominium price for 3,000,000 bath per a room. For the reason, the researcher adjusts to the size of the reduce population in the test.
The component of choice decision
The equation intended for the value of was independently changed to quantitative for 1 unit or dummy variable was changed from 0 to 1 by specified other factors to be stable. So the probability had changed, follow the marginal effect what it was from the calculation.
RESULTS OF THE STUDY
Descriptive Statistical Analysis with Revealed Preference (RP)
- Personal Information of the respondents
- The personal information of the respondents who bought the condominium
- The personal information of the respondents who bought the condominium
- The personal information of the respondents who rented the condominium
- The personal information of the respondents who rented the condominium
- The behavioral data for residential choice
- The significant level in the residential choice and transportation
Company limited employee was 32 persons was average of 32.00 of all respondents and others were 3 persons was average of 3.00 of all respondents. Company limited employee was 33 persons was average of 33.00 of all respondents and others were 3 persons was average of 3.00 of all respondents. The statistical data by categorized occupation showed that there were 6 people to be Governor officers was average of 6.00 of all respondents and there were 21 people to be Company Limited (Public Limited) employee was average of 21.00 of all respondents.
Company limited employee was 46 persons averaged at 46.00 of all respondents, and others were 6 persons averaged at 6.00 of all respondents. There were 4 persons to choose from in the level of very poor to represent at least 1.00.
The analysis results for studying the factors which had an influence to residential
- The analysis result of the samples who were used to be non-registered
- The analysis result of the samples who were used to be non-registered
Travel distance from residence to bus stop (kilometer) (dist_bus) .. Population density was thousand persons per square kilometer). The university was located in an area of at least 1 kilometer (no_university) Condition available = 0 /not available = 1 31. The hospital was located in an area of at least 1 kilometer no_hospital) Condition; available = 0 / Not available = 1 32. The frequency of travel by taximeter (freq_taxi) was able to influence the purchase of an apartment in a decreasing average at 1.83.
Cost of travel by taximeter (exp_taxi) was able to influence buying a condominium, on average at 0.86. Distance for travel from the residence to shopping center (dist_mall) was possible to influence buying the condominium, averaging at 1.70.
The analysis results for studying the factors which had an influence to residential
- The data of the behavior for residential choice in the simulation (Stated
- The analysis result of non-registered population in the simulation 1
- The analysis result of non-registered population in the simulation 2
The samples that decided to buy the apartment that was located near the railway stations were on average 28%. Duration of travel (time_travel) was possible to decide to buy the apartment, decreasing on average at 1.00. Duration of travel (time_travel) was possible to influence the purchase of the condominium increasingly on average at 0.16.
Travel expenses (exp_travel) were possible to influence buying the condominium always on average at 0.42. The samples that could not buy the condominium near the train stations averaged 8%.
The analysis results for studying the factors which had an influence to residential
The table found 17 that the factors influencing the choice of a residential location as a condominium located near train stations are significant in the same relationship, such as; people who have a bachelor's degree compared to people who have a pre-university degree. The choice of a residential house as a condominium had a marginally positive effect, which was opposite to the choice of a residential house, as a condominium had a marginally negative effect for the general employee (occupy) compared to the governor-employee that made the decision for the residential choice as a condominium with nearby train interchange stations and location choice decision had a marginally negative effect for the same direction. Frequencies for traveling by taximeter (freq_taxi) that were associated with residential choice, as condominium choice and location choice had a marginally negative effect for the same direction.
The price of a condominium (price_m²) had a marginally negative effect, which in contrast to the choice of residential location with nearby train stations had a marginally positive effect. Distance for travel to shopping center (dist_mall) had a marginally positive effect, which was opposite to choice of residence, as a condominium near train stations had a marginal effect on negative effect.
CONCLUSIONS, DISCUSSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
Discussion
- Descriptive Statistical Discussion
- Revealed Preference(RP) Discussion
- Stated Preference(SP) Discussion
But the self-employed buy the condominium with cash payment, which corresponds to the study Jia Guo et al. They can pay enough budget to buy it for bigger than the condominium, where there are near railway stations. They choose to buy the condominium located far from rail transit stations instead of the condominium near rail transit stations because of lower price.
The finding estimate found that most of the non-registered population decide to buy the apartment where it is located near railway stations for the same result as income. Moreover, people who buy the apartment with nearby railway stations are not popular for the apartment where it is located near the shopping center because they can travel by rail transit line.
Conclusion
- Preference of people who decide to buy the condominium
- Population Gap between non-registered population and people who are
People who were formerly unregistered population have higher average incomes than unregistered residents. Those who were not registered residents before are definitely choosing to buy condominiums located near train stations. Income is the factor that the unregistered population takes into account when buying or renting a condominium.
The survey found that high-income unregistered population decides to buy the condominium near train stations. This is a reason for the unregistered population to change themselves to become Bangkokian.
Recommendation
- Recommendation from this research
- Recommendation for the later research
It is possible to face this problem in the future because Bangkok is located below sea level. It is important for the entrepreneur who must be aware in the apartment project and show the prominent point in size of room and car service from the apartment to railway stations. This is a spread to other provinces to reduce the population density in the capital.
As a result, the population density in Bangkok is spread, and the students are saved in their costs about creations and residence. Investigating the role of toll road construction on residential location choice in the Jakarta – Bandung region. School and neighborhood: residential location choice of immigrant parents in the Los Angeles Metropolitan area.
Source: The data was from the questionnaire Table 30 Data in The Simulation 2 of the respondents.
