The effect of job adjustment and work values on constructive organizational culture of intern student in a private company

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The effect of job adjustment and work values on constructive organizational culture of intern student in a private company

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*Lecturer, Faculty of Business Administration, Panyapiwat Institute of Management

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Ś Lecturer, Faculty of Management Science, Silpakorn University

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of job adjustment and work values on constructive organizational culture of intern students in a private company. The sample group used for this study is consisted of 400 people. Questionnaires were used as the instrument for collecting data. The data analysis methods included percentage, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regressions. The results showed that the job adjustment in the dimensions of ablility to learn tasks, ability to demonstrate interpersonal adaptability, ability to demonstrate cultural adaptability, and ability in problem-sloving in creative way as well as work values in the aspects of openess to change, conservation, self-enhancement, and self-transcendant have impacted on constructive organizatinall culture in the dimensions of achievement, self-actudizing, humanistic-encouraging, and affiliative at 0.05 significance level. The implications of the finding, and suggestions grounding on the results of the study can be used as a gudeline for ploicy implementing in order to achive the organizational goals.

Keywords

: Job Adjustment, Work Values, Constructive Organizational Culture

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1. ¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹ (Achievement) ‡º° ‡nµœ·¥¤Â¨³¡§˜·„¦¦¤„µ¦Â­—Š°°„Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ…°Š

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2. ¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ (Self- actualizing) ‡º° ‡nµœ·¥¤ ¨³¡§˜·„¦¦¤„µ¦Â­—Š°°„…°Š„µ¦šÎµŠµœ

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Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r ŗo„n 1) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹ 2) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ 3) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨ ¨³ 4) ¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸­´¤¡´œ›r

×¥…o°‡Îµ™µ¤­nªœš¸É 2 3 ¨³ 4 ¤¸¨´„¬–³‡Îµ™µ¤ÁžÈœÂ¤µ˜¦µ­nªœž¦³¤µ–‡nµ (Rating Scale) Ž¹ÉŠ„ε®œ—˜µ¤

ª·›¸…°Š¨·Á‡·¦rš (Likert Scale) (Likert, 1961) nŠ¦³—´„µ¦ª´—ÁžÈœ 5 ¦³—´

„µ¦˜¦ª‹­°‡nµ—´œ¸‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š¦³®ªnµŠ…o°‡Îµ™µ¤„´‹»—¤»nŠ®¤µ¥…°Š„µ¦ª·‹´¥ (index of Item- objective Congruence IOC) „´Ÿ¼oÁ¸É¥ªµ‹Îµœªœ 3 šnµœ ‹µ„œ´Êœ œÎµ‡³Âœœš¸Éŗoއ圪–®µ‡nµ—´œ¸

‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š (Index of Consistency IOC) (Rovinelli & Hambleton, 1977) ‹µ„„µ¦˜¦ª‹‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š

…°Š…o°‡Îµ™µ¤š»„…o°‡Îµ™µ¤¤¸‡nµ—´œ¸‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š¤µ„„ªnµ 0.50 °¥¼nĜÁ„–”rš¸Éčoŗo

„µ¦˜¦ª‹­°‡»–£µ¡Á‡¦ºÉ°Š¤º°Ÿ¼oª·‹´¥Å—ošÎµ„µ¦˜¦ª‹­°‡»–£µ¡…°ŠÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š¤º°—oª¥„µ¦®µ‡nµ

‡ªµ¤ÁºÉ°¤´Éœ (Reliability) …°Š…o°‡Îµ™µ¤ ×¥¤¸‡nµ‡ªµ¤ÁºÉ°¤´Éœ…°Š­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í°¨¢µ‡¦°œµ‡ (Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient) (Cronbach, 1990) ¤¸‡ªµ¤ÁºÉ°¤´Éœ°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ 0.815 - 0.925

„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r…o°¤¼¨ ž¦³„°—oª¥­™·˜·Á·Š¡¦¦–µ (Descriptive Statistic) ž¦³„°—oª¥‡nµ¦o°¥¨³

‡nµÁŒ¨¸É¥ ¨³­nªœÁ¸É¥ŠÁœ¤µ˜¦“µœ „µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r¦³®ªnµŠ˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³ ץčo­™·˜·­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í

­®­´¤¡´œ›r…°ŠÁ¡¸¥¦r­´œ (Pearson Correlation Coefficient) (Hinkle, William, & Stephen, 1998) ‹µ„œ´Êœ

ª·Á‡¦µ³®r°·š›·¡¨…°Š˜´ªÂž¦—oª¥„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r„µ¦™—™°¥¡®»‡¼– (Multiple Regression Analysis) (Stevens, 1992) ¦µ¥¨³Á°¸¥—…°ŠÂ˜n¨³˜´ªÂž¦¤¸—´Šœ¸ Ê

JA Job Adjustment („µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ) WV Work Values (‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ) AM Achievement (¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹) SA Self – Actualizing (¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ) HE Humanistic-Encouraging (¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨) AT Affiliative (¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸­´¤¡´œ›r)

4. Ÿ¨„µ¦«¹„¬µ

Ÿ¨„µ¦ª·‹´¥Å—onŠ„µ¦œÎµÁ­œ°ÁžÈœ 2 ­nªœÃ—¥­nªœ 1 Á­œ°—oµœ‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r…°Š˜´ªÂž¦—´Š˜µ¦µŠš¸É 1 ¨³­nªœš¸É 2 Á­œ°Á„¸É¥ª„´„µ¦š—­°­¤¤˜·“µœ —´Š˜µ¦µŠš¸É 2

˜µ¦µŠ 1 ‡nµÁŒ¨¸É¥ ‡nµ‡ªµ¤Á¸É¥ŠÁœ¤µ˜¦“µœ ¨³„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›rŸ¨„¦³š„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÂ¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ

„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r…°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·ŠµœÄœ¦·¬´šÁ°„œ

˜´ªÂž¦ JA WV AM SA HE AT

‡nµÁŒ¨¸É¥ (Mean) 4.21 4.31 4.28 4.25 4.23 4.29

‡nµ‡ªµ¤Á¸É¥ŠÁœ¤µ˜¦“µœ (S.D.) 0.39 0.46 0.53 0.54 0.60 0.59

„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ (JA) -

‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ (WV) .800^** -

¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹ (AM) .725^** .781^** -

¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ (SA) .687^** .763^** .775^** -

¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨ (HE) .662^** .704^** .739^** .751^** -

¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸­´¤¡´œ›r (AT) .672^** .749^** .743^** .746^** .792^** -

**p<0.01

‹µ„˜µ¦µŠ 1 ­—ŠÄ®oÁ®ÈœŸ¨„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡nµÁŒ¨¸É¥ ‡nµ‡ªµ¤Á¸É¥ŠÁœ¤µ˜¦“µœ ¨³‡nµ‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r…°Š

˜´ªÂž¦š¸É«¹„¬µ ¡ªnµ ˜´ªÂž¦„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÂ¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r„´˜´ªÂž¦ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š

­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r°¥nµŠ¤¸œ´¥­Îµ‡´šµŠ­™·˜·š¸É¦³—´ 0.01 ¨³ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡nµ­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í­®­´¤¡´œ›rÁ¡ºÉ°˜¦ª‹­°‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r

¦³®ªnµŠ˜´ªÂž¦š¸ÉčoĜ„µ¦ª·‹´¥ Ž¹ÉŠ‡nµ­´¤ž¦³­·š›·Í­®­´¤¡´œ›r¦³®ªnµŠ˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³š´ÊŠ®¤—¤¸‡nµœo°¥„ªnµ 0.80 ­—Šªnµ

˜´ªÂž¦˜nµŠ Ç ¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r„´œÅ¤nÁ„·—ž´®µ œ°„‹µ„œ¸ ÊĜ­nªœš¸É 2 ŗoÁ­œ°Á„¸É¥ª„´„µ¦š—­°­¤¤˜·“µœ Ÿ¼oª·‹´¥

ŗo¡·‹µ¦–µ¦nª¤„´‡nµ VIF Á¡ºÉ°š—­° Multicollinearity ¡ªnµ ‡nµ VIF …°Š˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ 2.061-3.261

Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸‡nµœo°¥„ªnµ 10 —´Šœ´Êœ ˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³‹¹Š¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r„´œÅ¤nÁ„·—ž´®µ‹¹Š­µ¤µ¦™œÎµ¤µª·Á‡¦µ³®r„µ¦™—™°¥Â

¡®»‡¼– (Multiple Regression Analysis) Ĝ˜µ¦µŠ 2

˜µ¦µŠ 2 „µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡ªµ¤™—™°¥Á·Š¡®»…°ŠŸ¨„¦³š„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÂ¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°

ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r…°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·ŠµœÄœ¦·¬´šÁ°„œ (n = 400 ‡œ)

˜´ªÂž¦°·­¦³

˜´ªÂž¦˜µ¤

ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r

¤·˜·¤»nŠ

‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹

¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦

®nŠ˜œ

¤·˜·¤»nŠ

»‡‡¨

¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸

­´¤¡´œ›r

‡nµ‡Šš¸É -0.82

(0.176)

0.15 (0.188)

-0.219 (0.225)

-0240 (0.211)

„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦

šÎµŠµœ

0.380*

(0.069)

0.293*

(0.074)

0.416*

(0.089)

0.303*

(0.083)

‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ 0.641*

(0.058)

0.696*

(0.062)

0.625*

(0.75)

0.754*

(0.070)

Adjusted R² 0.635 0.596 0.520 0573

*p<0.05,

­nªœÄœ˜µ¦µŠ 2 ÁžÈœŸ¨„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r„µ¦™—™°¥Á·Š¡®»Á¡ºÉ°š—­°­¤¤˜·“µœ Ž¹ÉŠ­µ¤µ¦™°›·µ¥Å—o

—´Š˜n°Åžœ¸ Ê

1. „µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r…°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·Šµœ

Ĝ¦·¬´šÁ°„œÂ®nŠ®œ¹ÉŠ ¡ªnµ ­¤„µ¦š¸É 1 „µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r …°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·ŠµœÄœ¦·¬´šÁ°„œÂ®nŠ®œ¹ÉŠ°¥nµŠ¤¸œ´¥­Îµ‡´šµŠ­™·˜· ×¥¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹

(ȕ= 0.380, p < 0.05) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ (ȕ= 0.293, p < 0.05) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨ (ȕ= 0.416, p < 0.05) ¨³¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸­´¤¡´œ›r (ȕ= 0.303, p < 0.05) ‹µ„Ÿ¨„µ¦ª·‹´¥ÁžÈœÅž˜µ¤­¤¤˜·“µœ…o°š¸É 1

2. ‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r…°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·ŠµœÄœ

¦·¬´šÁ°„œÂ®nŠ®œ¹ÉŠ ¡ªnµ ­¤„µ¦š¸É 2 ‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r…°Š

œ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·ŠµœÄœ¦·¬´šÁ°„œÂ®nŠ®œ¹ÉŠ°¥nµŠ¤¸œ´¥­Îµ‡´šµŠ­™·˜· ×¥¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹ (ȕ= 0.641, p < 0.05) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ (ȕ= 0.696, p < 0.05) ¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨ (ȕ= 0.625, p < 0.05) ¨³¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸

­´¤¡´œ›r (ȕ= 0.754, p < 0.05) ‹µ„Ÿ¨„µ¦ª·‹´¥ÁžÈœÅž˜µ¤­¤¤˜·“µœ…o°š¸É 2

5. „µ¦­¦»žÂ¨³°£·ž¦µ¥Ÿ¨

­¦»žŸ¨„µ¦ª·‹´¥

£µ¡¦ª¤Á„¸É¥ª„´…o°¤¼¨šµŠž¦³µ„¦«µ­˜¦r…°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·Äœ¦·¬´šÁ°„œÂ®nŠ®œ¹ÉŠ­nªœÄ®n ÁžÈœÁ¡«®·Š ¤¸°µ¥» 18 - 20 ž¸ ¨³¤¸¦³¥³Áª¨µ„µ¦ ¹„ž’·´˜·Šµœ 3 – 4 ž¸ ‹µ„„µ¦ª·Á‡¦µ³®r‡nµÁŒ¨¸É¥ ‡nµ‡ªµ¤

Á¸É¥ŠÁœ¤µ˜¦“µœ ¨³‡nµ‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r…°Š˜´ªÂž¦š¸É«¹„¬µ ¡ªnµ ˜´ªÂž¦„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÂ¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ

¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r„´˜´ªÂž¦ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r°¥nµŠ¤¸œ´¥­Îµ‡´šµŠ­™·˜·š¸É¦³—´ 0.01 Ĝ­nªœ

°Š‡rž¦³„°…°Šž´‹‹´¥š¸É­nŠŸ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r ×¥¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹ÁžÈœ˜´ª¡¥µ„¦–rš¸É­Îµ‡´

¤µ„š¸É­»— (Adjusted R²= 0.635) ¦°Š¨Š¤µ¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ ¤·˜·¤»nŠÅ¤˜¦¸­´¤¡´œ›r ¨³¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨ ˜µ¤¨Îµ—´

°£·ž¦µ¥Ÿ¨

‹µ„Ÿ¨„µ¦ª·‹´¥ ¡ªnµ Ÿ¨„¦³š„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÂ¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦

Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r…°Šœ´„«¹„¬µ ¹„ž’·´˜·ŠµœÄœ¦·¬´šÁ°„œ˜¦Š„´­¤¤˜·“µœÂ¨³­°—‡¨o°Š„´Ÿ¨„µ¦«¹„¬µ —´Šœ¸ Ê

„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ ŗo„n ¤¸‡ªµ¤­µ¤µ¦™Äœ„µ¦Á¦¸¥œ¦¼oŠµœÂ¨³Â„oŅž´®µÅ—o°¥nµŠ­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r ˜·—˜n°

­µ¤µ¦™ž¦´˜´ªÁ…oµ„´ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Â¨³­´¤¡´œ›r„´»‡‡¨°ºÉœÅ—o—¸ Ž¹ÉŠ˜¦Š„´­¤¤˜·“µœÂ¨³­°—‡¨o°Š„´

œª‡·—…°Š Dawis & Lofquist, (1984) Plamondon, (2000) ¨³ Raghuram et al., (2001) ¨³¤¸‡ªµ¤

­°—‡¨o°Š„´Šµœª·‹´¥Á¦ºÉ°Š °·š›·¡¨…°Š‡»–¨´„¬–³»‡¨·„£µ¡ ¨³‡ªµ¤¡¹Š¡°Ä‹š¸É¤¸˜n°„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ

…°ŠŸ¼oÁ…oµ­¼n˜¨µ—´–”·˜Ä®¤n („¨oµ®µ – œnµœ, 2557) ¡ªnµ ž´‹‹´¥—oµœ»‡¨·„£µ¡Â¨³‡ªµ¤¡¹Š¡°Ä‹ÄœŠµœ¤¸

°·š›·¡¨˜n°ž´‹‹´¥—oµœ„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ ¨³­°—‡¨o°Š„´Šµœª·‹´¥Á¦ºÉ°Š ‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›r¦³®ªnµŠ„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ

„µ¦šÎµŠµœ„´‡ªµ¤¡¹Š¡°Ä‹ÄœŠµœ…°Šµª¢·¨·žž·œ­rš¸É°¡¥¡ÅžšÎµŠµœÄœž¦³Áš«Â‡œµ—µ (Wang & Pierre, 2005) ¡ªnµ ‡ªµ¤¡¹Š¡°Ä‹¤¸‡ªµ¤­´¤¡´œ›ršµŠª„„´„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÄœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ

‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ ŗo„n ­µ¤µ¦™ž¦´˜´ª„´„µ¦Áž¨¸É¥œÂž¨Š„´­™µœ„µ¦–r˜nµŠÇ šÎµÄ®oŗo¦´

„µ¦¡´•œµ˜œÁ°Š‹µ„„µ¦šÎµŠµœÄ®o—¸¥·ÉŠ…¹Êœ ¤¸„µ¦°œ»¦´„¬rĜª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦š¸É­ºš°—„´œ¤µ˜µ¤„‘¦³Á¸¥…°Š

¦·¬´š ¨³­µ¤µ¦™Á…oµÄ‹Ÿ¼o°ºÉœÄ®o‡ªµ¤Á‡µ¦¡‡ªµ¤‡·—Á®Èœš¸É˜„˜nµŠ Ž¹ÉŠ˜¦Š„´­¤¤˜·“µœÂ¨³­°—‡¨o°Š„´

œª‡·—…°Š Schwartz, (2012) ¨³¤¸‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š„´Šµœª·‹´¥Á¦ºÉ°Š ‡nµœ·¥¤¡º ʜ“µœ„µ¦Áž¨¸É¥œÂž¨ŠÂ¨³„µ¦

®¤»œÁª¸¥œ…°Š°µ¸¡š¸ÉŤn„ε®œ—…°Á…˜ (Abessolo, Hirschi, & Rossier, 2017) ¡ªnµ „µ¦Áž¨¸É¥œÂž¨ŠÂ¨³„µ¦

®¤»œÁª¸¥œ…°Š°µ¸¡Á„¸É¥ª…o°Š„´‡ªµ¤ÁžÈœ°¥¼nĜ­´Š‡¤Â¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœÂ¨³„µ¦®¤»œÁª¸¥œ…°Š°µ¸¡ ¨³

­°—‡¨o°Š„´‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ­nŠŸ¨˜n°š´«œ‡˜·Â¨³¡§˜·„¦¦¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ…°Š¡œ´„Šµœ (Lyons & Kuron, 2014) ‡º°‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸ÉÁœoœŸ¨¨´¡›rĜ¦¼žÂ˜nµŠ Ç Ánœ Ÿ¨˜°Âšœ ¨³‡ªµ¤„oµª®œoµÄœ°µ¸¡ ÁžÈœ˜oœ

¨³Ÿ¨¨´¡›r„µ¦ž¦´˜´ªÂ¨³‡nµœ·¥¤Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸É¤¸Ÿ¨˜n°ª´•œ›¦¦¤°Š‡r„µ¦Á·Š­¦oµŠ­¦¦‡r ¤¸‡ªµ¤­°—‡¨o°Š„´

œª‡·—…°Š (Cooke and Laffety, 1994; Schein, 2004; Robbin & Jundge, 2007; Greenberg & Baron, 2008)

—´Šœ¸ Ê 1. ¤·˜·¤»nŠ‡ªµ¤­ÎµÁ¦È‹ ­µ¤µ¦™Äoš¦´¡¥µ„¦Äœ„µ¦šÎµŠµœÅ—o°¥nµŠ‡»o¤‡nµÂ¨³šÎµŠµœÅ—oÁžÈœ¤º°°µ¸¡˜µ¤

Ážoµ®¤µ¥…°Š°Š‡r„µ¦ 2. ¤·˜·¤»nŠ­´‹„µ¦Â®nŠ˜œ ¤¸‡ªµ¤¤»nŠ¤´ÉœÂ¨³¡´•œµ˜œÁ°Š­µ¤µ¦™­¦oµŠœª´˜„¦¦¤‹µ„

„µ¦šÎµŠµœ ¨³Äo¸ª·˜Äœ­™µœš¸ÉšÎµŠµœÅ—o°¥nµŠ¤¸‡ªµ¤­»… 3. ¤·˜·¤»nŠ»‡‡¨ ŗo¦´„µ¦Á°µÄ‹Ä­n¨³„µ¦­œ´­œ»œ

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­™µ´œ„µ¦‹´—„µ¦ž´µ£·ª´•œr. (2561). ­™µ´œ°»—¤«¹„¬µÃ—¥ CP All. ‡oœ®µª´œš¸É 27 „¦„‘µ‡¤ 2561

‹µ„ https://www.pim.ac.th/en/pages/cpall.

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