• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

F F F

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2024

Membagikan "F F F"

Copied!
163
0
0

Teks penuh

(1)

!"#$%&'(&)%*+ ",,(&)(%- .%(&)

.%(&) -* %*(*"

"/(&) 2552

*-* %*(*"

(2)

ก ก

ก !"#$%&'ก(&ก)%*ก+ ",,ก(&ก)(%- .ก%ก(&ก)

.ก%ก(&ก) -* %*(*"ก

"/ก(&ก) 2552

*-* %*(*"ก

(3)

By

Supaporn Suksawat

An Independent study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF EDUCATION

Department of Educational Administration Graduate School

SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2009

(4)

+,-$-./00-. $1 -.

...

( # 4 (.1 1/ ) (%

%...(...

# 4%-.

# 4 (.1 1/

#

..."

( 6/1, # 4 ,%% (.( #. ) .../.../...

...

( # 4 (.# )

.../.../...

...

( # 4 (.1 1/ )

.../.../...

(5)

??0 : !"# "

) $(* : !"# "$% &% %%. # 4%-. : .(.1 1/. 152 .

# @%@%A4 !"# "$% &% %% BB

!"# "$% &% %% &( ?B(!% ("# "$##4

#A /, / 4BB-.B1%1 .4 #( ?$")-. B C"4 +

# @%@ 1 6/ / % B$, 6/ #? 350 A%1 4$/ , (%) ,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) B4@ (content analysis)

6# ,

1. !"# "$% &% %% C$6/ /

% B$, 6/ &( ) /,((# (, (#()B(

&% ,(+(B (#(#!6/% (#(% (I +B ,$/B&% (6! (?(& ! B%,,$

6/B11

2. B!"# "$% &% %%

2.1 (?(& ! %4)J0 B!"# "

4"# ?(& B6(? 6,6/&%

2.2 (% (B"# " 1 %(6("# "/,

@% /+K?0$(%

2.3 (#()B(&% #(%(.H0.4$&% /(K#?&%

BK0,, #()/4+B,% / !B(( %$)%(%#%,,$

%

2.4 (I+B ,$/B&% 6//B+B ,$"

ABLJ(C$% %) /#4 %BA(%,. 4

2.5 (#(#!6/% ,% /#?(%( %#B(#?

(% B,%

2.6 (%,,$6/B11 6/+B ,%(% &% #(?/,"

# "6/ #((4 % % 6/%,,#$&% M

"# "%

2.7 (6! B,@6/6(1&?(6!%%

% %%(% + ,,BB6!" # "%")

. .

)1-. O-. 2552 1-. ...

1# 4%-. ...

(6)

#

SUPAPORN SUKSUWAT: ETHICS DEVELOPMENT OF SATRINNOTHABURI SCHOOL.

INDEPENDENT STUDY ADVISOR: ASSOC. PROF. SIRICHAI CHINATANGKUL, Ph.D. 152 pp.

The purposes of this study were to determine ethics development and guidelines of ethics development of Satrinonthaburi School. The ideas of Ms. Juechan Jongsatidyoo, an officer of the Education and Career Center, Department of Curriculum and Instruction; Mr. sompong Jitradab, a staff of the Office of Education Council; as well as Ms. Ammara Lekruengsin were employed as the scope of the study. The data was collected from 350 samples: administrators, teachers, students and parents.

Statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation and content analysis.

The findings revealed as follows :

1. The overview of ethics development of Satrinonthaburi School was at high levels. When considered each factor, the findings were respectively arranged in rank order as follows: environmental management, activities for mental development, educational operation, teacher’s behavior, evaluation, policy establishment and participation of parents and community.

2. The guidelines of ethics development of Satrinonthaburi School:

2.1 The policy establishment: There should be ethics development problems and requirement analysis, vision and mission review, policy planning, operational management, as well as giving a progress report to the administrators.

2.2 The educational operation: Morality should be included in each subject and evaluated.

In this factor, teachers played an important role in teaching and influencing students.

2.3 The environmental management: The school symbol should be properly placed.

Flowers and trees should be planted more, while the landscape should be designed appropriately.

Moreover, students should be participants in sanitary conditions of the school as well.

2.4 The teacher’s behavior: Teachers should be good models in order to be believable, faithful and respectable as well as listen to their students’ opinions. They had to be polite, have good self control and be sincerely kind to the students.

2.5 The activities for mental development: Activities had to encourage and inspire the students to do the right way and state of being united.

2.6 The participation of parents and community: Parents had to be good models and needed to participate in school’s activity sometimes in order to know their children’s behaviors. The school had to create and also distribute manual of ethics to the parents.

2.7 The evaluation: Some staff should be assigned to response for this project and follow it continuously to develop the ethics efficiently. Furthermore, students should be honored for their goodness according to inspire them for being well.

Department of Educational Administration, Graduate School, Silpakorn University, Academic Year 2009 Student’s signature………...

Independent Study Advisor’s signature………..

(7)

G

%@?C#% ( (% ( # # 4 (.1 1/ "6/ # 4 (.#

6/! 6/1, # 4 ,%% (.( #. "

B# 4)1-.,%K(?-. $B # BK$ $,, P B?#-. #?C#( (% #-$

$+ ,/K &%@

$$6/!%K(4#-.Q- ( # 4 (.#?4 (!"* 6/1, # 4 % (G 0/ R B% 4 J %K(#

A/$BA B$B%+& 14,-.#

$$,6/? &% 1/% %0 %4(# B6/ / % B 6/% &% %% Q-K(? ( B$/

-.# + ,(%

$$ P -.(-. $-., 25 ,B%+& 14$G%@ 6/-.$

+/1(( /# 4 B6/%,%%,H -.#6?C#

(8)

( ,).K

( ,).M. #

G

0 0

%

1 ? 1

+B?0$J0 3

J0$# 5

A4$# 9

$?A$# 9

H$# 9

$$, 1M.T%$# 9

$$$# 11

4G 14

2 %% $ 15

!"# " 15 $" 16 $# " 19

?0$"# " 22 4$# " 24 M.T%%1!"# " 25

!"# " 33 A, ("# "&( A-.$

, P 49

&% %% 54

B6)/&% %% 57

# %% $ 58

69

(9)

$@(?# 70

% "%# 71

B6B$# 71

1 71

B%-. 71

%1# 73

74

C$/ 75

4$/ 75

A%1# 75

76

4 4$/ 77

% 1 A)$6/A 77

% 2 !"# " 80

% 3 B!"# " (C $6/BA 105

% 4 B!"# "$% &% %% 105

5 6# ) 6 B$B 108

6# 108

) 6# 110

$BK 118

$B# 118

(10)

)6 125 )6 $4## 126

)6 $ $(# 128

)6 $4C$/ 130

)6 BA# 132

)6 # 4,1$BA 142

)6 G 10$,, 145

)6 1 (C?A?, 147

)6 Q 16/,, (focus group discussion) 150

6/# 152

(11)

0

%

1. 6)) $A-. ( ..2549-2553) 7 2. M%K,-4$% &% %% 8 3. A)6/BA 78 4. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) ,($!

"# " $% &% %% 81 5. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) ,($!

"# " $% &% %%

(?(& ! 84 6. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) (!

"# "$% &% %%

(#(% 87

7. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) (!

"# "$% &% %%

(#()B(&% 90 8. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) (!

"# "$% &% %%

(I+B ,$/B&% 93 9. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) (!

"# "$% &% %%

(#(#!6/% 96 10. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) (!

"# "$% &% %%

(%,,$6/B11 99 11. B(,G% ( µ ) ,% H ( σ ) (!

"# "$% &% %%

(6! 102

(12)

1 3

-.+!$6/% %@/ ( A B%"# ", #%$K( %

"# "(?1%%A/ %% T4 M B($+6#)B($ !" #%% B Q-+B(%-A@ # B# )1%%(%B

%$

, #(-.$K J##+K!K +. 4%/4@, ## J00 /B" %# " B

!"(?1%A /,,6/K( ,%$1 -."#- K(,I/-.!)% #,6,!)

$1 B$1 % B$& @1(

B"%I$/B-.(K(B,/ # 4 6/

6/ B6/% $-.RV (?, ! -. ().H#B%% BK J##!"$

K ,? B,%(%(%A &( G ,(CB 1%K11!"B, !"%K,-4$-@

,%(%%( %@ K,ALWXL/ !,(% / ,,B #%6,A # " B!" K,A /,% BK( ,B#?K/,(CJ0, P

2

1 100-.B,1 ..2542, 1##. ,% 116, % 74 (19 2542) : 3.

(13)

2 1, J0 ( &)%(C 1B("(C J0B, $ J0$)@ B# ,%@+J0%+6$!

A ,$((!(##@@ &( GJ0 BB (CB 1A/(@K,K((/B B&)4?(

K!" ,KB( ?(CB 1%, %% K $

!"%(%$K ,%(%$K A @#"

@ 1, Q-B I"4) 11 B ?-1 % " # " G ,J0, 6/& A$ ?,B &( GA Q-+

A%, 1+(% %"# "+)/ 1%

@H##%$B$C A+% -(% ##$K( , (% 6/,K +$J0, P A-. (C B 1+(%$K(K,,% B ,B$A

?0, P (, ?K $(B$()/!

3 A4,%@+,1%@A-$ % -(, %A/

M" # ". ,,( K,% , KB&

+% Q-,%@+J0%BK$

&( B, -#(-.#%/

AB %#.., P $K K ( ( !##+%%) %!"+?0%(#(

-.+K %(% /,K%/1%$

& 4

2 1 .4, A4!', .H#B 6 (M# Z " 2548) : 21-22.

3 114, B(B "4 !' , .H#B 6 (M# -" 2548) : 63-64.

4

0 # , I / - . J 0 # " K ', 1 6, 7 (T 2546) : 3-4.

(14)

"#4*3,"6,%

-.+@H!1$1 +6/%/ A

,,1, ! Q-#/AB+(% %

" # " B, %(% #-#?!6?C# , 10@HBB($100-.B,1 ..2542 BK$

(G% 2) ..2545 %%!K Q-+/ 4$

!% %" B%( ) B6-.B,1 #-,!%1%%

/4@, ## J00 /B" %# "B!"

(?1%A /,,6/ K( ,%$ B!K +%%

$B$C +%%) +B,)/J00 B% / %G4 B@,5 1%%(% , B%$ + 4$-.K (% % (?1% ,%) %##%(% %"# " %.%-4 @ (## BM%B(

B6-.B,1 Q-+B6 "4 15 O (..2545-2559) %%

?0 , #+?$I/-. 100 -.B,1 B& $H/,I B+B#(?

B6!-.$@@H B6-.B,1K(?10.H#% + 10@H+?((, P $B6 10 .H#% ' -( % /,@H$( (% /# ,%6 % /,& +B(?A%1%$K ,( !%

B /,(%%$$K ' 6

!B6!.H# BB,1 G% 10 (..

2550 Z 2554) -(+/ 4! B010 10$.H#% ' +BI ,/, /, C+$, (@ "4!

BK #-?0?(/!) !)

? ,( @##, /B.A % @ () B/ Q-#?K/,(4 ,%6 B(

( #?-%" B" ?/,% B BA(#&(

5 ?-.B,1, B6-.B,1 (..2545 Z 2559) ([ : ?4!/, ...), 5.

6

(% , 3.

(15)

1 (?1% ,%# " Q 4#($ %

#+)/%(%610 ,% B%#($-@ (?1% ,

%(*% B%.H# B /,%, B%

$

&% %% (?$@%-.%$ 1 K(

)) (-.$@@H : A B" -. % (..2549-2553) % 2-4 2549 %6)A-. H (6/% H% 1 6/% %"# "B, %-4

$?HB)-. (41) ()

&( /,((%B,( 6(1 BQ 4# () /,((% Q-M% , - %% , 6(1BQ 4#

)J0M%K,-4 $% &% %% +6

#"# "B, %/B,% , K,

?C# %% &% $BA$%

B, A/% I$B$&% B%

6(1%K( @#% ,?( 6(1$1 % Q 4# % B% Q-%,%@ +J0$

!"# " %$(1(#$BI ,+ %

$&% &( 6/A-. +6/?B6!(?

%1(# !"# "+% (, "+%

(B##%A/(%$ %.+" ,# "+

B(MIQ-") C+/" %

% $#/M(% B, Q-C, K( # C,+J0 6/,$0?#$/ 6/Q-%?0

"# "$% /,1(% +B ,%(% ,11 ( )?( B%K,% $%/&( ,!6/%

(% /"/,I ,B#

#(-.##,6/% (/B ,/RJ"

# "B, %-4 6/% %M(%%( (&1

$(C## /,)/( (11 ....#-.#

,B #?+ , %#(%K( #-#K(%%)

@, @(% +?$,+J## B?4

(16)

B(%+J## ?,+K? & 14 -4....'

"6,%

?-.$@@H+, %6(1,#(

-.,I/-.I6+/" (6(%,!)

% B,+#$#(% ,%6, #J0%

($-@K($(Q-/4 $((/ ,/ /,"

, %(% #(-. ,%#% +B,% , ,@ @%& 4$-.K % %1%%(% , B%$

100-.B,1 ..2542 BK$ (G% 2) ..2545 23

#(-... ?0@/ "... 24 (4) K(00B

#(% /K, #(% &( 66/, P ,K((,( @/RJ" , %(% B.- 4K1' 28 /.... /@%+1B11%

,!%( @(/ ( A (% B 6(1, ....7 B(CA-?0$B#(-.#($

T B,-.%#/@,%+/$B,1 /RJ" # " , %(%(, 6/% (//,K

%" # " B%##%$B$C /# B B A/6( C#+%

M(& 141K( A%B,, &( $("%(%

@ #+ @,B6/ /RJ" # " B,6/% #-%

?0 B+%?0$#(-. -. $(

&% +A-. %#(-. ! 1$

1

7 100-.B,1 ..2542, 1##. ,% 116, % 74 (19 2542) : 7-9.

(17)

!" # " % +?0%-%6/&%

?0 &( 6/#, " # " (B,%

&% B$(% C,/&% A#(#%#1, , % +%%"( 8 &% %% @ /,$% 120

?0, ?) #(% ?$@%-.%$ 1

#( % (? -.$@@H \(@B,1@

" -.O% 1 A-1@" -.O% 6 %#? 160 #?%

2,960 4&% (, " ?1 +K K

&& % $)(%A !/, ?(.%-4$&%

BJ0.4 % " # " , B.%- 4(B,6/% !6/% +1%(%$ 11 1 B& .%-4+K$-%

6/% K(6,4$A-. #-##1,1@ 9 &% %

% 6/&% ?(/B)# 1& BB6 "

B KB#% #% +

%% $,"# " Q-6"# ") A-. ( ..2549-2553) #, (A)"# "

AK(, K(6( Q-1 ,+

$-@ @B$"# " ,?0"%1 (% 1

8 C"4 , "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

", 2542) , 208.

9 &% %% , /,% 6/ B/ (% : @@

B(4Q #?(, 2551) , 25.

(18)

% 1 6)) $A-. ( ..2549-2553) H(6/%

H% 1 6/% %"# "B, %-4 4 6(,1%@$H% 1

H/,1%@ 6?C# ()

(,G%

$ )

1 (% (%

1.1 6/% % %6(1 85.83 / 1.2 6/% %Q 4# 80.00 / 1.3 6/% %0]/% 91.67 / 1.4 6/% %&%

@LWX6B6, BK,CB,

90.00 /

1.5 6/% % ( B1 ,,

90.00 /

1.6 6/% I+& 14,, 100.00 / H% 1 6/% %" # " B

, %-4

89.58 /

6 3.58 /

% : &% %%, 6)) $A-. ( -.$@@H : AB" -.' , 2549, 11. ((?)

?6$!"# "B, %-4$%

&% %% K,A?(6(((- &( /4@(

% #? ,%.M#"# "B, % B,&% ,%% %%M%-4 B% % BK$M 1, $(% $(6(1 $& %% CB, 1#, LVLW (4 /% #K,) ? $ (

% 2

(19)

% 2 M%K,-4$% &% %%

&% %%

M%K,-4$% O-. 2551

(1@ #?

%

%

% %

&%

?

$

#K, )

$&

B, 6(

%

..

#?

$,$/, KA

1/ P

.1 485 - - - - - 5 - - - - 4 9

.2 526 12 14 2 8 4 20 8 - 2 - 8 78

.3 504 4 10 1 6 5 14 11 3 1 2 11 68 .4 515 9 7 4 13 1 26 16 - 1 - 5 82

.5 490 - - - 4 - 29 22 1 2 3 7 68

.6 440 - - - 2 - 21 36 - - 2 9 70

2,960 25 31 7 33 10 115 93 4 6 7 44 375

(+

100 0.84 1.05 0.24 1.11 0.34 3.89 3.14 0.14 0.20 0.24 1.48 12.67

% : &% %%, ,#% ', O-. 2551, ((?)

J0%(!"# "$% @ /B%

% $$(,(?( ,,"4 ,+ B^ (?) ?(#

6/A-. (@6/# H%+6/I BI%,

#% #-#%#-.% !"# "$%

&% %% Q-&% #!"# " ,? , (K 6/% %$-., +-. ,( 6/% K(%/

B4+@H4/( &( G"

# " 6/% #+6/(# @HA/ B $

&( G@%#?6/% A4K(&% #%"%

B , !6/% (,%@ ,+/" ? /KMIK(%( B+% )

#(-.@) B) H% 1 % %

"# "B, %-4 6/# #-?0B#?+%-.

!"# " $% &% %% ( B+K K( ) $A-.$@@H +B$6/!%

%) ,?,K

(20)

7 "8

(J0$# 6/# #-K(?(A4$# K (%@

1. !"# "$% &% %%

2. B!"# "$% &% %%

37

#)/B?0$J0%,B$ ( A4$# B+B ?$# 6/# #-

?($?A$# (,K%@

1. !"# "$% &% %% /,((

2. B!"# "$% &% %% + ,K :

+B-. B??# 6/# #-@H

# K(%@

!"# "$% &% %% /,(

$;)<

&% +A-.$@@H %%?0#(-.$@@H 1$1 &( %.#(1 Q-B(% BQ4 B&4 B4 (Katz and Kahn)10 K(,K,+4\( ( , P ) Q-( J## ?$ (input) (process) %% BJ## ?$

+66 (output) Q-%I"4)B( (context) @) B ) 4 Q-A,6,#(-. ?&% +\(

1,%J## ?$ (input) 1) K(B,6//B% Q-%?0,

!")#(-.+#$A-.K/,

^ $#(-. 2) 3) #( 4) ( 4 6,$/, (process) K(B, #(% ?(

66 (output) .-4$6/% B&% %)%K(

10 Daniel Katz and Robert L Kahn , The Social Psychology of Organization, 2nd ed. (New York : John Wiley & Sons, 1978) , 20 .

(21)

!H Q-4@ ,%@ %6,B %J## %+

(context) ",)$&% @B K(B, ) .H# ) B%$/ (feedback) !,K B

!"# " $% &% %% @ K((?6,

% )#$A-. ( !"

# " #(% [[ % %.-4 (% , B%$ &% %)%K(!H $?

HB)-. (B(B6)/% 1

A4$B6-.B,1 ,! ,(B(

+H$!,/RJB%" "# " , +.%-4A%1%K %(%!" # "

&% &1 % K(K 3 1) @"# " 2) % B6!"# " K(B,#(B( /MI+B ,%(%

# ( 3 ) # ( % B 6 M 1 1 , 1 -." K("%!# " % 5 (%@ 1) (CC

?0$# "( 2) % $##" 3) I# ? 4)1+B ,% I 5) % 6 /,12 (( .4 K(B"%/RJ"# " 5 "%(%@ 1)

?+B ,%(% 2) #(B( 3) / 4) 6/% ?-B I" 5) R‚I"%#!13 B$% K(

"%!"# "B, K 2 . 1) ?K1! ,

## B%^ 2) ?K1! ,%A414

11 &1 %, # "-. ([ : &4), 2526) , 21.

12 1, M$/&% " -. (0-. ( /RJ# "&% ([ : 1, 2527) ,6 ((?.)

13 (( .4. +/ ([ : .H44 , 2532) , 16-17.

14 B$% , !"# "B, : #M.I%/,I ([ : 1 4 , 2542) , 32.

(22)

"63 (Input) (Process) ?*?* (Output)

•#(

•( 4

[[

• #(%

[[

• .-

4$%

(% , %$

• &% %)%

K(!

H [[

B6)/% 1 $$, M.T%$#

% : Daniel Katz and Robert L Kahn, The Social Psychology of Organization, 2nd ed. (New York : John Wiley & Sons, 1978) , 20.

: ##4 #A /, B, $) 4, 4#

.B/RJ"# "$, P ([ : &4 114.B,K , 2550), ?6/.

: &$ ""1 , 1(1B -.,4@% 14 ([ : &4 &$ ""1, 2543), 74.

: / 4BB-.B1% 1,#(?/,!!) 4 %"B# " (A-.B" -. ([ : 4, B()4, 2544) , 13-14.

: .4 #(, # "&% A-. ([ :

#ƒ4 , 2530) , 179-180.

: ?$")-. , @"

-.K ([ : ,#?( %.%.Q%. 1, 2550) , 33-34.

: C"4, "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

", 2542), 227-228.

+** (Feedback) (Context)

():

(23)

# @%@ 6/# A-!"# "$%

&% %% #-K(?(B Q-4(C#B($ ##4

#A A, ("# "6,A-. K(B, 1) #(+

1 (&( 1 2) #(#%1& 1%#

$B)B( / 4BB-.B1% 1 K(BB

!14J00(%"# "$% (%@ 1) #(A%B B( @? ,/RJ%"B# " 2) A-. /

# 4BMI+B ,%(% 3) 6/% @ B% ,? 4) B?6/% IA% 5)

?(% T4$-. %"B# " 6) %%

M.T%BR‚I#@B% 7) (B%"B# "

% 1 8) %4B#,# " 9) %B (6#!6/% %"B# "+ ?6B(

%")$-@ .4 #( K(B!"

# "&% K(%@ 1) # -. "B$

" 2) !I+?0 , 11 B%

3) ?B? ?+ , , 4) #%#(,(

& 14B, RV @&% ( B11 5) &% / ,6/

,1( 6) #(B(&% % B% #(

+% % % /, 7) 6/&% / B6/%,% $ K(

%,1-. ?(B6!# "&% 8) #(%

-.A%B% 4 "%(? !"

# "+ ,, 9) 1011%%"(%(, ,+

?$")-. K(/B"# " (%@

1) #()B( 2) 4B B (%-1 3) %/,( ,%

B6,14 4) /BI+ 5) /!

!# BB(%(##((% ( ,%%6 6) R‚

M#B%(% 7) 6/% K(% /#4 8) (6%

( , 9) /RJ"# "%"4$ &%

( B11 10) % /K(@ B" BB($

C"4 K(!% (" # " K(%@ 1) &%

?(& %#! 2) (B"K% #(#B (?1%#? 3) !@(/ $# # BI 4)

(24)

&% ,#(B( BB ,%(% 5) % B,$RV @&% 11 ( 6) 1"% M.T% B , P , ! 7) ? ,,+ B?6 +$/!,K Q-A(CK( 7 B (B(B6)/% 2

1. ?(& !

2. #(%

3. #()B(&%

4. I+B ,$/ B&%

5. #(#!6/%

6. %,,$6/ B11 7. 6!

B6)/% 2 !"# "

% : ##4 #A /, B, $) 4, 4#

.B/RJ"# "$,P ([ : &4 114.B,K , 2550), ?6/.

: / 4BB-.B1% 1, #(?/,!!) 4 %"B# " (A-.B" -. ([ : 4, B()4, 2544) , 13-14.

: .4 #(, # "&% A-. ([ :

#ƒ4 , 2530) , 179-180.

: ?$")-. , @"

-.K ([ : ,#?( %.%.Q%. 1, 2550) , 33-34.

: C"4, "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

", 2542), 227-228.

(25)

(8@

($# 6/# K(?( 4GQ-1# K (,K%@

A- 4+(%%

MI &( %,I 7 B Q-K(B, ?(

& ! #(% #()B(&% I +B ,$/B&% #(#!6/% %,,$

6/B11 B6! &( %A4 (

!"# "B, %-4B,% &% %%

A- 6/%-. /,(1@" -.O% 1 A-1@" -.O% 6 &% %% O-. 2551 ?$@%-.

%$ 1

(26)

15 ' 2

''

# @%@ 6/# K(-. B( M.I% B?0, P %

% $-. !"# "$% &% %%

( 1) !"# " 2) &% %% B 3)

# %% $ Q-% % ((%@

%

?, !' #G1 A ..2542 K( K , ! A- ?#0 !#- A-?#0

#?4 (!"* K( ?, ! (development) A-

% B%,(?KA-#( %K !A (?K((, P B#(?KB6 $@%K % 6$(?,+K#(, A4%?(KK, !+?#0 % BK/,%- A !AK(, +@B#( H+

!+ +I ,H+#( ! +%K( +(4%-A Q-AK1I (6(%%,KK( B$(% !AK(,+(1%

,A-6?C#B, $. 4$(((-

!($-@##?+%,)($%% /,@ K,+%-A

%,K #?+%% B,+%-A B,,#%@

!#H%,)$%+ /,K(% BK#% ( ? (J0B%6,, (@#?+% B B(%

( (%,( K,%61,,%,K

(27)

!# " (ethical development) /RJ(

#0# "B, %MBI(

% BB6 B(H %00K B(%"(%

B ! # " %? 0 % ( ! # # (spiritual development) Q-+#?- (consciousness) %(% #?-%

6(1B/#B B %?BK,?#K(( ($-@ , A##$ 1

# B B ( ( , A K ( , ! A- 4 % B%#0, B

#(, %K

#-. ?,"# " #1/, ?,

"' ?, # "' +?%B % B, ?, ' B, (% %& 14 +?%% +" ,?, # ' B,

%M+?%% +/" ,?, "' % 1, (% ?$ I ??@#K(+ "

B# " Q-%6/ , P (%@

%

"\T (.. †&) ,, "+)$## ,

%##(% +##%/ % BH 1, $ B# 2 +

,# 4, " (% Q- /, (# %@K(# BM(,+

""4% , ?%#+ # + (%%(#+% . ,(% %@ A+RV 1% , '

%(# #( 1 + (

1 #?4 (!"*, ! # " ', 4B. 4 4 (-A 2541) : 62-70.

2 "\T (.. †&) , "!B ([ : 4 RV 1"4 L6. , 2540) , 14.

(28)

1?BK$ ,&( " @?B, Q-+6

$?%# + 3

( (* ,, " )B,(% $ B$ 4

"%4 ##.4 K(?#?(K, "/-6(1 1(% + T4BH$MI B?%!#

M+$ H($#+(, B(

Q-M1,@+%6(A/ 5

#G1 A .. 2542 , "' A- )(% 6

) ,, " A- "%+ +)"$

(% 7

?$")-. K(#1((

K(," A- %%,%& 14 +(% +&" +

#% (1 RV(% B+ 6((

/-6(1 (#?-%(%% C) 8

&% (Socrates) " / (virtue is knowledge) B/

% %" # " B" "/%B# A /B$#A-"1$(%# P B $#K,(# (%

1 "%?+. 4% 5

3 , "# 4 ([ : &4 , 2541) , 106.

4 ( (* , !"# "%% B+

1"K ([ : &4)( , 2541) , 46.

5 "%4 ##.4, "?6/ (1/4 : 4A 1)T1/4 , 2542) , 4.

6 1 A, #G1 A .. 2542 ([ : .%‡414 #?( 4@% 1 , 2546) , 253.

7 ) , A%(B" # " ($B, : &4 , 2549) , 14.

8 ?$")-., @ "

-.K ([ : %.%.Q%. 1, 2550) , 8.

(29)

1. J00 / (wisdom) A-/, K(% KK,(%

2. I% (duty) ?(% ,%

1, 6/+# " I?$

3. 0 (courage) %B%

4. (self control temperance) 1J004 /-

5. " (justice) I,6/ P B, , K,

% (% B6/9

& (Plato) ,, " I%(%%$00B

"K,A($-@K(&( 0 . 4#/,$??K K B? ,K "#-($-@#/ K,1,/M.T%B,+/%#

I# "B($& % 4

1. J00/ (wisdom) /,KA/ K6( K(% KK,(%

KM K,M

2. (temperance) /# /,$$$#(, 1% %6(1 /#%$

3. 0 (courage) % , ? (4$

( #,K(?(%%(B

4. " (justice) , 1, B, 6/01 6/01 ,%610

& (Aristotle) K(?"$& (Plato) " , "K(B, ( ,K,(% B(% " (% K,

% (K(((- 1, 0# /,,$(

) /,,$%@ K B@LWX /,, LVLW % "#-B,+ 2 )

9Socrates, A- C"4, "# "?6/ ([

: ?4" , 2542) , 23.

10 Plato , A- C"4, "# "?6/ ([ :

?4" , 2542) , 23.

(30)

1. "J00 +$/@)M.T% B)I+, -$00%%6 B%$00 / B#

2. "%" +,-$00 /,/? B, (% %"%%(% ?( #(% %6 CB,,11

# $"(,$ K(, " $

$M(%%% /,) ##$ Q- -(K+M I#+ ?M1( # # Q-,6 /,, ,%

$

%

01) ,% ?, # "' T4M%. 4 M&( K(#%" 10 !" T #%%

. 4%% /,B. 4&( "1 & 14$B, B

#%@# " 1+B(#M

?%A/B,A4( 12

0% B,B K, # "' A-"%

M #(,+"%B( , .%(% A/+%

4$13

(* # 4 ,, # " % "4 ) 4B 4 P !# "#-A-J00B% /$. 4 B(,J00)B(%#?. 4(?1%

/, B#%,B!$-@!)$B,@ P 14

11 Aristotle , A- C"4, "# "?6/

([ : ?4" , 2542) , 24.

12 01) ,%, # " ( $ :14 ,2541), 6.

13 0% B,B , # "1% 4@% 6 ([ : &..@@

Š4 , 2541) , 1.

14 (* #4 , !"# "%%% B +1"K ([ : &4)(, 2541) , 2-3.

(31)

K/ 4 4 ,A- $# "K, ?, # "' B + # + " ?, # ' A-M %M ,

?, "' % , 1, (% ?$ I

??@ 2 +# " CK( ., B, M B$M15

"%")4 ,, # "' B$MI +(% & 14$$B,16

) 1 ,, # "' MI%

A+B1%%(%@ # # (? /( () +K%

(%B%6( ,A$ (social norm) 17

4 4 ,, # " %K(/RJ$(

!$-@#B$@H) #?-$ $(@ /,/$

% B (identification) ( A4%#HM%?(

K 18

?$")-.K(#1((K(, # " A- %-MI %M%(%4$

+%?(K +BI? (+%

% (, C+$ (% (, B () (?1% 1, %" T "% % +19

) ,, # " A- "%+# + )" %MI20

15 K/ 4 4 , //,", 4@% 2 ([ : &4

#ƒ4 , 2542) , 88.

16"%")4 , "4,# " # 4 B# -.

//," ([ : #ƒ4 ,2544), 89.

17 ) 1 , # ""# ([ : 4 , 2546) , 4.

18 4 4, M.T%# ! ([ : &4

#ƒ4 , 2549) , 163.

19 ?$")-., @ "

-.K ([ : %.%.Q%. 1, 2550) , 9-10.

20 ) , A%(B" # " ($B, : &4 , 2549) , 14.

(32)

#G1 A ..2542 , # "' A-

"%+$MI %" T%" 21

% #4 (Piaget) " , # "+.4$. 4 B%

% T4,% #(% #

$B, "4,/$%?22

&4 (Kohlberg) ,, # "+/-6(1 1 (% +T4 H$MI#!$-@ %M+$

&( +(?@, +?%A/6(23

(/ (Bandura) ,, # " T?M%(

#% / 24

# %,%@ K(, # "+M$+

B$MI%(% B+% $

& 14$B,

&( "# "' A- B,M(% +M B(#)(%## %" 10 ,

$"% % B!" M%B(+K?-##

?+%(%A/ K,1,%T% )? A 6/(%"##BB(C+/" C#K(1+6/%# "

( (@?, " # "' +?%,0,#,/, /,

21 1 A ..2542 , #G1 A ..2542 ([ : . %‡414 #?( 4@% 1, 2546) , 291.

22 Jean Piaget, The Moral Judgment of the Chids ( London : Routledge &

Kegan Paul , 1960) ,1.

23 L Kohlberg ,Development of Character and Ideology Review of Child Development Research (Connecticut : Connecticut Printers , Inc, 1964) , 5.

24 Bandura , Albert Social Leaning Theory (Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Z Hall, 1977) , 1.

(33)

3,

C"4 K(,, " # " +@H%?0$

"+" % (%% /,) ## "+M .B($#) +(%%B( # ##

@" # " +?%%% $( (% , # "

M%A/ (% @ B# %#MI B$%$ C # "+$R‚

%(% &( ? ,,?#+ 6/%M(% ,B#

#+6/%/-((% /,#+ M(% ,B# #+6/

%/- ((% /,( % " /,## #,K(, # "

+$MI +M) ,"+) (%) ## Q-@,% $"4 M$%B(@

B#@ ,% "4B+K/--(##B J00 ! " # "$ #-!@ 3 (/,K

!(J00 (## B(M 25

(*1 0% K(,, # "' +?%,A-)##+%

/,) # ,"+?%,B(A-)##1,% # " B,

$(% C,B(A-%$( # "% %1K M%(% A/$, ,") ##

,B#26

(@#CK(,"4$"# "% % $ ,1($(% MI &( %4(%%B, 1AK(" Q-@" # " #-+?0 %#?$B

#0/,@ P %# " ##C ,/, % (B,###,6,?K,,((( K,,($4B, B6/

25 C"4 , "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

" , 2542) , 6-7.

26(*1 0% , # 4 ([ : &4/44 , 2527) , 55.

(34)

K(,A-?0B& 14$# " (%@

(1) # "+H?0B,#0, B

$$J##1 B1 , H,11%# "+

(B +B$!( P @.H# -.

[[ !%$(# "+ -( ,(6 ,(% 6/%

/B,$(" ,,% K(,6/( /

(2) ! !##, , C P K!.H# -.1 P !%K,%# "+

B?@#/0,B(6% +

(3) # " A-M ?B(%A/

?%$ ,A//4 ?? ( G( / /6 A/B

(4) # (& % (% /B, P +

& %#$(# "$ "1&%@,#

%@ 1&KK(% A1&1, @&&) B%1% /, ,

% , 1, 4 -(# "+(?1% K,1, -() %

%+#(

(5) # "(/($%# #,@,6// Q-+

%$1 A,$K((%@ BK,&& ((%

6/ (TH P #K(C, P +#K,?0,/(%, %A, 6/?%%# "/ ,+%

K$6/@ K( ,# #-6/?%A?$

##/,1K(( $#($-@) B) B$CB,?

? 4B?"@ A#B$CB,# "% B 1##0 /,K,K( 27

!# "#-+4%#1, +. 4%/4

%. AM$ /,$$%(%%

6(1,?$&( K,1T T4#) 6/%%# "(/#+6/%AK((%, 6/%%# "

27 , "# 4 ([ : &4 , 2541) , 6-9.

(35)

( , !J00/,K!# " #/RJ, 1%.$K(+ ,(% 28

(@ "# " #-+@H%?0$. 4 +?0 $B#0#($-@ %"# "

& $H ,%#$B$C1 /, C+$, , G4 @H$" ,$)-.K(?(K, #,(I/

-.&( -("?/ !&( 1" +@$% /%

1& ,$A A BA-. "

# " #-%?0B+#?+ , ?K %@(%

B,

8"

1 K(#(?1% # "K , # "$

%4 3

1. (/ (moral reasoning) $#6$A/(%

A(B A/#K,A/K(( (

2. (4/- (moral attitude and belief) -# "

(% %## "+BMI

3. (M (moral conduct) ?B($

A4, P Q-1,(#"$@ 2 4$

!(# "#-! 3 ( M$%B(

@ B#@ #%"4##BJ00&( #

!4?0(BK(B, J00/#,B(

M%A/ 4 B/- 29

28 % 4 6 B , # /B$#(4 /RJ# "B,(C% ( + , &% "#ƒ4 RV A ([ : (?, 2547) , 7.

29 -.", 1, B!# "K ([ : 1 , 2535) , 5.

(36)

)% %?K K(,, # "+?(I (?1% +B /,, ,% K(B,4$# "+

3

1. % (discipline) +4%?0 , %$(T4 A? ,K(?)# ,(? $(6/?6/ $(

%1 $# +BB6 -(AI ,% ?(

("B%$B, 1(K% , %#!

KK((% 1 #-M#%%$

2. (society) ,# ,%% BB6 ,($"% %%(% %!"+%% % B

%"(%$11+,1%$ % , '

3. % (autonomy) %?-&"%!+?( ,(

A(?1%%K(% /#-.B41% %$ /,

% B$ +, /(%K($(BA?C0

%)GK( , AB1? /,

?"AK( 30

;)<'J.J

M.T%%1!" # " K(B,M.T%!# "(

#,, M.T%!# "( 61# " M.T%!

# "BM M.T%!1# "( % / M.T%K# " B!# "B(1"% % ( (%@

1.M.T%!# "( #,, (value clarification 1 , , VC) A-$#, $B, $ 6/ ,1(# @/# BB(( "%?#,

$#K$ A4%?(%@#1, % / (# @^ BB61% (#!(

(?1% ,% #,, %@?("4 ,(?B? /- B($

30 )% %?K, @H-.B# " ([ : &

4B,#ƒ4 , 2543) , 48.

(37)

6/ VC ,B Raths, Harmin and Simon A,, MB, P %A,(% A/ B, -(A $ , VC $?, # "' (@

#,, #-+#,# "$(

M.T%#,, K(4 7 $#,, (%@

1. (#$ ,K, 2. K(# P ,

3. K(#6$, P , 4. %)/# (%%, 5. # (#$ ,\(6 K, 6. #?%(#K,

7. #?Q@?%K, 31

2. M.T%!# "( 161# " (moral reasoning 1 ,, MR) 6/?M.T%%@ Kohlberg M.T%$&4+% B/#

B, B(@H$&4 (Kohlberg) # " A- T4 (A/6($? $#% T4$-@ /,!J00 Q-6/ $

61# " A- A(($#?B, IB(A/ K,A/ (% K,(% K, 4(4- B6 1# "#?%+#/#B(M%-4 @ A" # "$6/K( &( BQA6%

(#?@ P

!# " &( "%R‚ (A(# B 61# " ?0 ($(B ( ,/6%% /,(/6%K(, Q-#1"%$K(

/(C$6/ Q-B,K#(B6$

31 C"4 , "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

" , 2542) , 216.

(38)

Kohlberg K(&( #(($!# "+ 3 ( B, (#% 2 $@ + 6 $@ (%@

1. (,4 ( 2 -12 O)

$@% 1 : 1&.+6(#

$@% 2 : 1$+6

(#

2. (4 ( 12 O $-@K)

$@% 3 : 1 $+6(#

$@% 4 : 1% BB6BT4$+

6(#

3. ( T4 ( 20 O$-@K)

$@% 5 : 100+6(#

$@% 6 : 1# "+6(#

Kohlberg %1,T4%1(A/6($?B

!+$@ P #$@,K/,$@/,%$@ K,% $@ K,%$$@BK,%

,$@ $ Kohlberg # "B,$@+6$(K, (K, #? $/%?#,-+$#$%

, P B%,-(#4%K(, &( G$/%K(#

LJ$6/Q- /,/,(!$ 1 $@ $/, P ,%@%

$(B K, /-K,(C#($-@ ?6/ /,)K,(%@

&( ?#B#(% ($#$, %#?B(C J0, P %1(#B% ($-@ B%/(C, P % 1(#B% ($-@ B%/(C, P $( +

$#, %A" , P K((%$-@ $#,(##(%

(+&(,Q-B,#( #?B/

#-+K$!# " 6$%@?($#,$-@

B%# ", # ",%@#( /,$@/,# ", BB,## "

, 1) ,@1

"%/RJ B# "$M.T%6

# "%&( Kohlberg /RJ# " !6/% %T4 (A/6(( 6(/B , C /,(T4

%@!# "K,#?( K,#?( B( , (/ BK,#?( "%% /, P # "K,K( # "!$-@

(39)

( -($B,?($@ B(!J00Q-6/

(@ K,A- # " ,C#K,(

!# "M.T%%@?K(( \(&K(/

$6/Q-%# "$@%/, 1 $@ B\(&( B($

6/ &( G6/%%,@ %&4%$(B

&(# "($ #%($(B %@ %1%@?%

C#1, !6# "/$-@K( 32

3. M.T%!# "BM (behavior modification 1 ,, BM) !# "BM.T%M,M%(%

%-I &( % /"4,M6? "% BM 1 K(6(%B.M%-A B(M%K,-A B(@H"% BM @ /,@H1%,M$A/

&( K$BBK$&. ?(M- P 1, B("4K(%6/?+K$B M B(C#(( A%/ ?(M(,%@"4 K(%K,+K$&. M@#, P ( K 33

?B($M.T%% /B? 41!

M1# ",@ 1 K(BBK (%@

1. ?(M^ 1(# %%@/##?(

B,% ,,# "$(%%#% !

2. %%%M1# "%#!, 1 M$-@K#

#?(?0 #?+$M@ P B, (?!K

%M %%+M% $C##!K% P M (% K( 1, $1@% , +

3. /?B-M%! ,($-@, ($-@

% K(B,@+ , 1 (4 +$/

4. ?(B&. &( ).4 BA

% #K(B,,B &.%#1@K(6# P

32(% , 211.

33(% , 209.

(40)

5. %%M%#!@ K,($-@ /#&( 1%@B

@B%%% B(M@

6. $%(?( "%M /,@ #B -M%!( B&$(M%@

B"%K(,%

7. % B(M1# "%!@?B/ ( BK &( "%B K,B ? 1,%@#?M1# "$% %!B /,+

/,+A

%?MK,K(6% 1, 1. M^ K,1(#

2. BK,

3. "%BB K,

4. /K,AB,$ B P %%6, M%

5. $(B6,M ??

B+1,?4 34

1 11" B"% & B(,!# "(

MK,?0$$#T4(A/$M

#-B(MK$%? @%##% BK$

+K ,A/B(%,#(,K$%#?(

##K ( BB & . #$ B )B()4 Q-K,+(% K$% (@

?BM.T%%@1!"# "$% #?-A- 4()B( P % $( 35

34 -.", 1, (,B!"

# " ([ : 1 , 2541 ) , 55-56.

35 1 11" B"% & , //," ([ : &4

#ƒ4 , 2534) , 99-101 .

(41)

4. M.T%!# "( % / (social learning 1 , , SL) M.T%%@1, (# "+6$ (socialization) &( 1

$( +6#Q-Q (internalization) BA(B (identification) # M.T%% / B(/ (bandura) %B(

K((%@

1. %% /"4, P K$"4, P ?(1 B(% 4, P 1, "4,M6%(

1B(% 4, P 1, "4,M 6%(#M Q-?%M. 4 B% /,4(

(4( ,KB 4-C(% %4 -K( ?((%# Q-(%@?. 4(#? K,

?M(M- (6%A 2. "%% /14B% /K((

3. 6$% /# /,/$1,K"4 ,K 1%@#

B,K4%K( #, Q-#%.&##

%,1/ 1, ?$, P 1$%)?(

M$ 1, (,$4 ?( 1,#?%

$ 1%%(%,),K

4. M( J00+1J00K,?C

"%, P (1,M- P #(6 ,K ?(

(##?K,?M(M- +M I%@#K

5. (## " +(#% A/6($

?T4, P %B,(,% $ Q-T4,%@%#?

1, ?-6/?,+(C6/0, %J00% ( )B( ,K @%@

##%/(,(/ +

6. (self-regulation) #% 3 4 1,#?%

HMI MI$H B%

I ,6$ 4@ 3 %@(#% /@&(

B&( #M$6/0,%+B B#-#C ,K(?H%@K,@

(42)

(@ !# "M.T%#-B%#1+ ,&( 1"%

% % (identification) #%( T4$+I$&(

&

M.T%% /Q-Q (internalization) , $ +%,) ?0$!# "M.T%%@

#(4@B Q-K(B, ,B?" 6/%

,6?@ P ?K/,6%($-@ ,K %,-AK, 1B(#-%(@4BQ-%

(% /#%"6BK(^ B,K, (6%($-@C(K 36

5. M.T%K# "?K M.T%K# "B(A-$

M$(% B$, ,M,%@%##K M.T%%@

#6# (,$ 1B11K 6 O A- 60 O

#? +K %A/-. @B ,#( Q-+6# K 1, 20 O

.$M.T%K# "?K %B,+ 3 , 1. ,%+(KB6K$ ,%@(B6K B(A- M?(%1 BM?%$ $B$C, ,B%@+

M), P %$+M(% M%@,!

BM?1% ,$ $B$C 6%+M, P % ,A % 2 , ,B ##%+,?$K B,

% 2 /,,B$K

2. ,?$K +,%+##%,(M%- A K( #. 5 (

2.1 61# "

2.2 , B

2.3 1?#

2.4 B#/#RVM"*

2.5 " B,

36 C"4 , "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

" , 2542) , 219.

(43)

3. ,B$K +#.%,-%+##%

,(M%-A % /, 3 ( 3.1 J00

3.2 4

3.3 $)#

#.@%@ #1+$!#. 5 %?$

KCK( , #%.@H## 3 ((, B /, )B( &% B% #@ %

%#!#. 5 (%@ &( "% P ( G@#

.@H 3 #-+$M$(%B$,

#@#. 3 % #+,#. 5 %?

1" ? B!M(,( M.T%K# "?K

$ (( " %B(!# "B, 1, , (C1, 9-13 O (AO% 4 A-" -.O% 2) !.# "

/##$,# B%6 , 11, 14-19 O (" -.O% 3 A- " -.O% 6) !# " CB,, B%

. "/ A ,C% B+1"K 37 6. !# "B(1"

)4 (.. &) $(B,6/(?&% A%",

! %+4$ % " BJ00 B,A-$@$

#6 $@(6B,!B + 4 ( ) 4

#1(#+( P K, (((6 ,K K(B,

1. ) +!("4B(%+ ) (A

2. %) +!"4B(( (

. 4 @4@

3. #) +!(## % "+BR‚ B%

##?

37 (( " , M.T%K# " : # B!

( [ : Q%C( /1 , 2544) , 15 , 83-93 .

(44)

4. J00) +!(J00 /$# (K( C #(,$ &&% A%" -." K(?

+1%@((66 6-(B,% (%@

4 ! % # BJ00 ,/ 4 , 1. ( )) $,1%@) K(B, 1) &)1 J## %B )% K(,B 2) (/B, BB, (% 3) (?1%

,@/B.B(

2. % () $,1%@) K(B, 1) %% 5 +@H(?1% 2) %

%6(1 Q 4 , 3) A-K( ?%@ 1%(

#

3. # (##/4) $,1%@) K(B, 1) %0]// B0 2) %## (@LWXB,J) , 3) ?B% / ,@# (

$ % 4) %$)#(% B#, ,

4. J00 $,1%@) K(B, 1) %" B$#A/ 2) / -0 &. & 141,& 14 3) RV/RV-.B# BRV4

! /, 4) /, BK$J01% B?K(( J00

!"# " A-.$% BK$J0B

!( #/B, P (J0" # " +,% /, 6(1$6/ / ,%% K,K( J##&& %/ ( 4

&& %( ,% (% K(%#? P B, ,@K,A, K( ?0 /RJ( , %"%

%(%

!" # " % +?0-%6/&%

#?0 &( 6/#!" # " (B,%

&% B$(% C,/&% A#(#%#1, , % +%%"(

#-.M.T%BB( %1!"# "?C,

!" # " +%(? 1 %"

# "&( ! ( #) ## (inner-directed) &( ! J004) ,+T4 ( (

(45)

/ BB ,, P 11%B? ,%B, & 14$

B& ,B# %)%IT411 , ( J00 ( ( # #(

$/,"( B%(*% ))/#

#,B(%%% /, (-B )11 Q-+@H

$# "%?K/,# "$. 4 38

, (1 4 K(,A-B(#(# -.&% " -.K, , %"%A/B,@ +% ( (CK(

@B,C P /,% # /,%&% CK(

) C+%,-Q-?(C, B, B%#, B,(C@ ,%(%#?K( C %?"

1(#, %" Q-. 4# -(A+, K (value clarification) (

#- -(A@+, $ B %" ,+,

$B MI$@#(, % ( G@

,, # " (?(%@

1. #(# -. (C/#44, P B ,@ %# -(+, $K, % ?KIBC%

(6+ P #K(%!/BB?-A-

% (

2. #B($&% &( #.(

$)%A/ B,&% ,%@+#?+B?0 ,-

3. /B ,$M $ %" B# "

/#+/B ,B,(C &( /, 3 +6//(% 6/%

M(% B6/%@?#(%

38 C"4 , "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

" , 2542) , 208.

(46)

4. #(#,# " ,#%#,% %

#0& )-4B,, #(,%@ +

#%&% @ ? /,BB,$ !" BB,$"%

B,$?C0& 141 B#%#($-@@ A +#%% C( B #1, % K(% /BCC#%#/

K($-@ 39

1? !#4 K(,A-B #(# -.?&% KK( (%@

1. #(&% BB(&% @? ,# "

&% ,,

2. #(# " / &( (#%

K/,%K%

3. #(## " (CK(I# B(

4 C#,1%

4. B" @% B, 5. (B# " 1 ,4 6. #()# " @ B#(#

7. 11/ B4(# " 40

% %1% ,A- B,# "&% K, ,# " #?K(6$-@K,K(( "% ,(% B,#

#( )B( (#M$/ &% (K ( #, # " @//BR B/ Q-,

# " @/$/BR (hidden curriculum) ##$%

K% )B(&% %%6,,# " %

#K,A-%/@#($-@&( B,+6#I$/

&% 1, , %$/ )% #$/ B%

@?#@LWXB6,$/&% 41

39 , (1 4 , /,,# " (1@" -.

([ : ##04, 2523) , 9-10.

40 1? !#4 , /RJ"# "B,% ([ : &

4 , 2524) , 87-88.

41 % %1% , #(# -.&% ([ : &4 , 2524) , 41-44.

(47)

1 )/) ,, # -.1@" -. J##

(%@

1. /6/ #-.$##(, $/&( ,B#(, G$# -. -.", P %?(K $#-Q-@$ /6/

-.$#A-( ( B+,$"@ P (#?0$"@ %%,(?1%#?

2. I$&% /% BI

"@(+ @6/ B6/% I B(?1% ,@1, &(

## B, %% $C, # "@+#?+$1%

I+#? $$ B$&( , 3. #()B( )

4. #% &% 42

4 B,$@!B/RJ, K 3 $@

$@% 1 "($-@B,, # "@

$@% 2 /A-4B"%I+K, B

# "@ P

$@% 3 %I, # "@ P B+KK(C /RJ+ #?,K 43

&1 % ,, "%(?!" # " &% @

?K( (%@

1. @" # " #?&% ?%?(

B6 " # " (@O B(/B+KB6%?(@

@(?BK$ B6I (% $-@

42 1 )/) , # % -." -.

B,K ([ : #0 44, 2525 ) , 213-214 .

43 4 , , B# " ([ : &4“

,2526) , 126.

(48)

2. #(%B6!" # " &( (?(%@

2.1 B(@? ,-. B I# " K(B,

2.1.1 /,M I+B ,%(%B,%

2.1.2 1%@B# &% %$# BC,M B$# " +%%% K,+%, %,

@ ?1

2.1.3 @,11# -.$-@&%

2.2 #(% # " &( ,&% 6/K(B, 2.2.1 “4 6/!

2.2.2 6/&%

2.2.3 /#?1@ B/#?

3. #(%B6M 1,

3.1 6/(M6((# " A/&.B,% , ,(

3.2 6/(M(%(,(# " ,0% 6/@ ,(% 44 1 -." K("%!# " ,%"%

(? K((%@

1. (CC?0$# "( C,%% @1, BK(

2. % ,$##" K,, B

3. I ,## B?

4. B&( 1+ , +B ,% I 5. !# " %6 /, 45

44 &1 %, # "-. ([ : &4) , 2526) , 21.

45 1 , M$/&% " -. (0-. ( /RJ# "&% ([ : 1, 2527) , 6. ((?)

(49)

,B #0. "% & BK, #(%

(M%-4 %"%(%@

1. # -. ( % #((% B+@

,( " +%$RV 6/&% #(?&(

? K,BK,

2. #(# . 4 A-#%#(+"%

1 ,%1@ ?"%% %+$@ ( (1 A#(+@ % ("%1,%@A?% QQ-@ -# C , B1!"K(

#(# B( "#?O$&% B(

(/B ,$ 6/ ,?&% 1(

,/ % K(?11 A/?( , ,# ,%@+6 K(##%?KB,% B /,,6/ +

# "6,MI,Q-@ B% % ?K C#K,K(6,C+K(

3. #( BB(&%

3.1 #(A%(/(*"* ,K (?0%

&% 1 + % (K ( B,, (/, ,$ /,

3.2 #(&% ( &% #B $ ( #1, %,%K( B,( % #1, %(%B, B##% &% $

3.3 (^ " ?$0 #((%1, ?$0 10 $&% ", P # "6, 6, , P ?% QQ-@K(

4. M+B ,#/ # 4&% B ,%(% 1, K ,/ -/0, K, 1 K,B(4GG% ,

% K,,?% (%1(1 % ?6( %

#,B,% K,BQ% + % K(

# " #MI,#/ # 4 $$ 46

4 6 "% &, & ?B1 4

#ƒ4 ([ : ... , 2530) , 213-214.

(50)

.4 #( K(,A-B!" # " &% K(%@

1. # -. &% " BB"B,

%

2. !I+%/?0+ , , 11 B% % +%K(# P RV %% $

3. ?B?%% # " ?+

, , #K(6B,#,

4. &% A-.,0, /,1((Q- /,11@ #-#(

#%,& 14B, P RV %% $ 1, #(&" 1+

,\()-. +

5. &% / ,6/ ,1( 1,/( % % (#-.,& B /&(6

% B,)%($-@$% (

6. #(B( &% % B% #(+

% % % /, @% BB( ,,#

B1(% # " /, 1,(/4/# " #

#(^ +

7. 6/&% / (#6/%,% $ #K(%,1 -. ?(B6!# "&%

8. #( %-. A % # K (%& B% $(C 4 (#"%(? !# " ,&% , &% (?+ ,, K,,(%

C6 @ P +$(

9. # 11%%"(%(, ,+ 47 K1 / $@,B!, K 3 $@

$@% 1 "(B,, @ P &( "% ?(/+ , /(%@

,1#/ B6%,1A

4 7 .4 # (, # " & % A -. ( [ :

#ƒ4 , 2530) , 179-180.

(51)

$@% 2 / ( (, &( 1 B"% 1,

#, P K/, #KK B#/"K" +

1. $@/ ?0 & 14 BM(%+M$

, # "%#/RJ

2. $@( 4 (# B?#,, # "%#

/RJ

3. $@ %M, # "%#/RJ &(

+6/?(M "%I 4 K$ B-6I 48 (( .4 K(B"%/RJ"(%@

1. 6/T" ?+B ,%(% A- %(%B%

",",@, #K(+B ,B,6/

2. #(B(%B(CA-" #B(%" ,

!"B, (@J## !"-.C

#(B( ,A-. &( GB(%+ ' @,

!

3. /" A- -.K(/#$#,"%

@K %. ,K %"%K#-#AI"

,@ K(%@+%$# 4&( %#/%A/B,-.

4. ?-.(?-,$%% /, B T

"% Q-#?K(&( # B 1, #4 #(

# +

5. R‚BI"%#! Q-+#%A1 1%#?K( "4J0 1, ?C0C& 14 R‚"

I % + 49

?-.B,1 &( -.B

!"# " K(BBB!"# " $ A-.K(%@

48 K1 / , +/ ([ : .H44 , 2531) , 106 .

49 (( .4 , +/ ([ : .H44 , 2532) , 16-17.

(52)

1. //RJ# "% $(CB!

"%A/1 !B"%6A(

!# "K( ,B#

2. #()B(&% + ,%(%B,(C #((CK(I

"# "%/RJ#, P 1%#? ,?B 3. /R‚(/1# BM4% 5 - 10 , # #%@%1( /RJ# "'

4. %11@/%#?%# B! 1K ,%")$-@ &( -.$@00&B00

# BM4@B,

5. A-.1011, /RJ# "

6. 6/&( K,^ 1 K, 6%($-@(C% B,)B#(

#!%#((C ,A/1

7. !/#?% B"%/RJ# "

8. )B(?$/ ()(" /(/B

% ,1( (1, B, P %#1, ,

$)#%(%$/ @%((/BM%K,$/BK$

50

(* #4 ,A-"%!# "% % 5

$@

1. /$@/ #(CK(6,B,% + /,(C#

?K% % 6( B#($(B K,((

K,( #+(C(%&($ ( ($-@, #1, (C$# B 6$@/,( (M.T%

# $% #4)

2. (CK( (CB, BCB, , B. 1

50 ?-.B,1, $,# -. 16, 6 (- 2536) : 19-20.

(53)

3. B( (C%#K(& #%

+ /, B@% $# " (B/-$

#,( ($# B,K#(K, -( /,B, (M.T%

$ &4)

4. 1"$,( (##$(C@K(#

, Q-B(# "((% (C# -(A+B , B .$K&( , , #+/ B6, (/,%% /, 51

B$% K("%!M # " B, K 2 .

1. ?K1 ! ,## B%^

?K1.%@ BJ0 ! ,(C K(A4^ % 1, /@##M K,#

% $% M B%@#% $-@ /

##(# &( 11, % ($#

B% (# 1, $-@ / P ##1 /,00,B, BJ0M1#, $ + ?K1 .%@ #?+%B6 ,(%K, B%(?B6 , +$@ ?K1.%@ #-#6?C#, 6/?

B(? %@## %( , B%(?# (#CK(

,6/%#?"%, P K1 &( ?# /#46 #6?C# B,C+

%,% ( %?"%, P K1.%@A4BJ0 ,

## &( K,1A4$# %K, % 1,

$(?0$J0 $(/$#%B# $(

$(#%% $ $($0B?#(? B

%) ? # (? B %) ? + (@

1%#BJ0M" # " B, $ ,## #-#?+ , %RV @ %6(1&% B

&% #,?"%, P (? ,##B,

51 (* #4 , !"# "-.K ,% B$ ([ : &4) (, 2541) , 4-5.

(54)

J0$K$J0" # " B, K,K( /,%$("%%#

! %$(,?"%, P ,@KI ,

##B,#^

2. ?K1! ,%A4

?"%, P K1.%@ +1&%? Q-#B +&%%,1.B #%&%#1(?1%

#? #%4%+J0($-@ BK((

$#% ##1, ^K,($-@1, J0@% K%

K, +J0,K( ,%K$ #CK(,%1,

% J0-. -.(#K,K( BJ0A (

?# + 52

B$6/!% ("# "

$@BBI!% 6/I(%@

1. 4)B?(J0 Q-%BI(%@

1.1 -.)$ B& -. #(%

)B!% ("# "

1.2 6-.?(J0!%

("# "

2. ?(& BB6

2.1 1RV ?(& & B6I 2.2 1&% 1%@B#& & B6I

2.3 ?(%%I!%

("

2.4 ?($, (B 6

52 B$% , !"# "B, : #M.I%/,I ([ : 1 4 , 2542) , 32.

(55)

3. (?B6

3.1 #()B(&% @,!% ("

&( #((%@

3.1.1 A% &% (, 3.1.2 &% I+B ,%(%

3.1.3 #(#% "?0$1

?0$A B&, P

3.2 "4%% $@&% ( 11

"%

3.3 /B& % ,(? /RJ

% %"B6I$&%

4. ( B6

4.1 ?-. B? B$0?#B,%I

4.2 B(6I

4.3 16(?!% %)

4.4 1"4 6 B, B1(1/% 6!% (

" B,RV , P

4.5 ?6+$/B6!% (" , ,

C"4 K(!% (" # " K(,,

%$A-. ! 1K +(%%"A?K 1(?1%K( ,%$ (& 14,B, )$

&% / $# /RJ # , " # " % -4B, 1K Q-!% (" # " %(%@

1. !% %"# " @ &% #%& %#!

% %) ,1(# B?& KI ,##

2. "%!% %"A(BK%

#(#B(?1%#?

3. !% %"(C (?!@(/

$# # BIK P

4. &% ,#(B( BB ,%(% %@, /RJ% %)

(56)

5. %B,$RV @&% 11 ( #1, !" # " $% %") $-@

6. 11 M.T% B, P , !

7. /RJ% %)+%? ,, + B?6+$/!,K 53

/ 4BB-.B1% 1 K(B!14 J00( %" # "$% %(%@

1. #(A%BB(, P ) A-.@? , /RJ%" B# "B,% ,,

2. A-. / # 4 BA-.M I +B ,$6/%%"B# "%(%

3. (?6/% ,?@ B% % I ,,

4. B?6/% IA-. ,(A4

%(%

5. ?(% T4$A-. %" B# "

% I ,,

6. %% M.I%BI@B% &( R‚I##+

7. (B%" B# " $K% 1

8. #(%4$% %" # " #,

# "

9. #(% B(6#(# !6/% %" B

# "+ ?6B(%")$-@ 54

53 C"4 , "# "?6/ ([ : ?4

" , 2542) , 227-228 .

54 -.", 1, / 4BB-.B1%, #(?

/,!!)4 %" B# " (A-.B" -.

([ : 4,B()4 , 2544) , 13-14 .

(57)

-." K(, #(#$&% A%"@ / B 6/A#(!K(&( $A-. %%@$

B#(#K+B 4 . #@/

##? #?(4#&?0" B

#. P ( % (,K%@

1. #@/ ( "%B(+"

( 1" #, " ## #0J00 % "

-.

2. ##? #?(4 ##?( #"

?-A-1 . 4 #K(4 B6, B #K% #"). ##?(4(

(4)00#?(4 ?0#?(4

3. #&?0" ( $/1

ƒ/1 “/1 $.[ A-.#(#?0&(

(" ""#

4. #.P ( # ,1(1/% 6/?(%#

-(%$6/I" #K/(K( (") # 6" #K".H B#" 5 % 55

##4 #A /, B, $ 4 K( 4#

. B/RJ"$, P -.,) !" .H# BB(, P $ 10 % ., .G B$B, A, (" # "%- 4$ -$6# K(,K, A B A-.+A% ?0,"# "

$(CB 11% A, (?# " B 1, P 6,,B, B06/0,/,/ %1, ,.(,1(

&( G6/& , 0]/ , &

,.1, %%

55-." , B(?&% A%" ([ : &4 4, B()4 , 2546) , 42-47 .

(58)

,A, ("# "6,A-.%@#(

+ 1 (&( 1 %%^ .%-4 ,

%%1A #1,( +(% 1101%

B,,% %?0BK(6(% K(B, 6,

#%1& 1%# $B)B( (4 /#B 6 B, "6/ + 56

(*1 0% BK( #(% /%,"

# "$6/% A-.$@@H #-., #%#(% @O ,0,+#% " B?0 $1 1, ?0, -$(4 4+4 " #?0

##$&% %,,!"# "$% @@

&( G , &% (" -. #\(&% %%ƒ% %

% $% ,+ #%@&% $# % #%&

!"# "( #%@/RJ ,"# "

A?K((% 1,#"(% K,(% BM

&% ?1,%@@@ #%@ %#,% \(

&% K(B(A B((C$$-@ 1, &

/(% &(C(% &$ K( &1?# + ,

% /% "# " /,. ,,' B$K

% %CM%K, 1,K,, K,?

% $%/ &( /,0,#,M% %K,%

6/ &% ,0, K,?$% /%1!

!+H1!"# " 57

56 ##4 #A /, B, $) 4, 4#

.B/RJ"# "$, P ([ : &4 114.B,K , 2550), ?6/.

57(*1 0% B , #(% /%,"

# "$6/% A-.$@@H ( [ : 4(%4, 2550) , 4-6.

(59)

?$")-. K(/B" # "$

A-. K(?0#(K% / (%@ 1) #(

)B( 2) 4B B (%-1 3) %/,( ( ,%

B6,14 4) /BI+ 5) /!

!# %K, - % ($B, B, M %B ( %6, (4J00 ##B,(%BK(B, $) $)#

BB(%(# #((% ( ,% %6 6) R‚M#

B%(% B#%,(M%-4 /RJ B , %K 7) #(% /@ 6/% K(% /#

41, #B( #/)/J00A B1 B (% / 8) (6@ ( ,

$K,B$C#K 9) /RJ" # " +%

"4$ &% ( B11 10) % /K(@

% / % / B% /" 58

&4 BL\ (Kohlberg and Phillip) ,K, A//RJ

# " ?- "% /#&% CK(

"$-@ % % B, " /,( @%@,%

% K(% /K+#?@K,1,%K(#% B,K(#

)B( B,# "%/$-@&%

% #(# -./$/BR 59

58 ?$")-., @"

-.K ([ : ,#?( %.%.Q%. 1, 2550), 33-34.

59 L. Kohberg and W.Phillip, Understanding the Hidden Curriculum, Annual Edition in Education (Guilford : The Dushkin, 1973) , 205.

(60)

7$ 7(&)"($ Q

1. % K(,(!.H#$ B,I/-.

%K(?/,K"# " B(4/,

!/4@1%B## %/AK1% B

% % B$B&)4 -.B,+-.

B\(B(1% I/-.#-1/,%?0,/RJ

"# "B(4(B, 1 #/RJ

" ,%B1(#@B,( #A-((-. (%@

1. ( A- A-.O% 3 /RJ.+%

T## B#?- /,,

2. (A-.% 4 A- " -. /RJ"B%$

1"K T $ (#( ,%6%

A/

3. " -. A- (-. /RJ"B%+&

) $#.+ B$#(%,!"$1 P

&( &% /RJ.-4$K 1 #%@&%

/#?-" B. "B&)4

"# "1B($$#– 66B( , B+/ "%% 2

"%% 1 (% ,) "# "

B6%(%M+(%# " % %J0

"# "+ +$/ B% +6/4+#%

A/B6

"%% 2 /BR (hidden curriculum) 6/% #% /"

# "#A4BB(%+# +/%/6/&% K,K(

/ ,%?(K+ B,%"&( ,6/% ,-Q- B ,/%+&% %

2. % ( O .. 2539 H% (K(& &(— — (Doi Moi) !K(%I/-.&( .$6/%

%-4 &% %1 " /@B,(A-.

#%@A-.( K( @??$&Š 5 $ &( (K

(61)

A-.( K(B, 1) 111 2) % , ?, 3) . (% 4) (% 5) Q 4 0 #(% (1@

A-.)$% ( %?((C? 5 $ (C/#

/#"(% /## " /#11 /# /#1 B/#&"4,/. 4(% % # ,/ /%

).41,(% B6/&( K,%CB, ,6 B, /B,,% -. /% #@1(K 1,(K,

$$0K/%%&%

3. K /% &% K(?0 -. /RJ"# " BK,(&( %"

,%(BK/1 (-B(-1% + ,KC 4K(#(@&% %/K B,"

#? @#(@ B%A6B 4 %/RJ##

C,$( 1, 4G#%@ %A-.(#A- ( 4B"" %&% 7 B, A-. 6 B,

" -. 3 B, 4 B, 4(#KA1 \(&% A-. B

?$ " -. 4"R/#@\(&% (CA%" &% B,K(

H&% +BB,&% K #%@4 ,@ K(%#(#?(CB 11, , M(/ , M(/

R‚R 1 ( B/RJ"# "

4. % A, (" # " 6,&% %#(@$-@+

G &% " 4 Q-%(CB 1$% #?A- 2.2 &% " 4 +/ 4$/%+?L% %

@/%+“ B“4 &% %@1, 1K(% &( % B MK P % #? 1, 1 %(% % ,(?1%"B" +"1 +B, -.%" B, 1 ,(%%( %?0B,/RJ

"B, 1 1+H$ HA% %

% #1@ 10 -., $H A%% #&%

" 4#K(B. 10 B BA/, %

% 6/%% #&% " 4 ,K((

,K(,K(,,""A- 10 O

(62)

/% # + 10 1@ B,-.+ 2 (0, (1@ 1 A- 5 1"# " 1( B). B(/1@

6 A- 10 "#&( % ( " " )" B).% % H4/(% @ H+6/6?%1%

$B% B,% %#-.1@% 10

5. (% (% B # (secular state) K, -((+#?1 11(% K(#4, -.$(%

$(,K&( @1 +("$(C#? P (% %#K(% / (!"$$ #%@ K(% 1(% @%+

1Š(/ QQ4 " #%@ &( , #%?% %,A-

@H@(A-. " -. B(-. "% C, ,%&% B-.?$ P

#$( $#B ,?$ P $& ( B%##\(

6. L\B(4 %"# "1101%@B, (-.$@@H#A-" -. &% -.

$@@H # "B1%$. 4C$% BH +I4 A,+H-$!". 4 1&

% % K(% /% $ B% % /# P B&4, P &( %A4$/ % %/

P % B&4%IL\B(4 /^

5 (%@ 1) @H$%% A 2) &4

@H$L\B(4 3) B? P % K(% / 4) 1, % $#

?0$!"B. " B 5) 1, % $#

?0$# " B(# "

7. "4"H A-.$ % /RJ"# " ,+%66KAP B#K,

?(+1G( BA-. B,(B#B (?1% %#(+1G#111, P 1, 1 # "

!" B+1%% (H /RJ,0,A/A, (

# 11 /B#, P /RJ"# "(

" -. #(B$#B(?1%@&% B11 %

(63)

%% 6(1 (C %@1(#(

(( + /,%$-@

%% +#(?0 $-. (&( G (

" -.$-@K % 1%-. (C%$R‚&#%% , / B /,(/B ,1($/R‚ IT% $&Q-

?(H?K1(#

8. Q4B(4 /RJ"# " .%-4%

((C(#1# ,, P ,

&( ,6/-.B(C (A-.

%@HB$,B,$-@ ?-A-$(CB, ) A,1 1 %%?-A- 6/ )B(

,% ,1 -0 ?-A-B,$ B!" % 6% 1 ). !" I1@O (1@

" -. +% $ )#(A-. ?6/%%

. A(1I 6/%K((%(%B,OA$K% (

" -. K(1@ % 1# " " -.

% %.I# ?0(). 4 4 6/%

K((%(%B,1@ A$K% (%/$-@KK( 1@%

B!"1,(%

9. B( %^ -.@,% /(1% ?(

-.(A-.?%H"# " B.

(, P $1B(@B, 4 1K(/RJ B%#+

B( #/,-.(" -. &% % $#A-"

B6(1$% @%.B.$6/%#% ( 1% 1$B( %(?%+ %1(#

&( -./#(%1 -. -. BH

?0 -. (civic education) +& %HBHA I%-.4$ H +$1

!" B&4$1@ .%-4?(6/% +

%%, B#%(%,# "$ ( civic ethics) 11,QQ B.4$B( &( B(,% B ($ B?0, !"B1@1%

(64)

+ /,' ,$1 P 1, % 4 )/4 #

!/-B4%,, %$ #)(%,1

10. Q%B(4 ^ $#(-. \(&

11$A--.%(%%( Q%B(4?0,#(-.$1 , (&( ,A4%(-. %@11%B A% # -K/,% -K( ,%")@B, #A-$@

(-. /RJ(CB 1%.%-4@#)#$

A-. &( GB &% #(? ,1(6/A+&

B1#% B% /1, P (B/RJ%@ /, ( &( " 1& (CCA-6( A/ (% %($-@#(+

( B#?-(C

#B!"# " %1 ,K(,K A

#A-!"# "&% K(, #(? , /RJ .(,($-@% &( @B, ?(& B,@

!" # " ?%?(B6 (/B

! " # " & ( I # @ # % )B( @M+B ,%(%$, B, / B P

&% #!6/% (#%,,$6/B11 % 6! % %/$# %.%-4 (

"# " Q-6/&% + ?0 !?(&

B6(? IB6(?%?(K ?( (/B (6 B6I ,+%,

K(, !"# "$% A- 4 +(%%MI ,I 7 B K(B,

?(& ! #(% #()B(&%

I+B ,$/B&% #(#!6/% %, ,$6/B11 B6! /RJ"# "

%

(65)

%

"

&% %% K(#(@#-." % 25

% 2475 &( ?($-@#%&% ?(C6/0 &( G

#(% ,@11, &% %#?#(%' 1. ,, ..

2' @ /,#(%, B,@?#

..2498 # ./ H% K(#(%(B &%

%% /, %J## $% 120 A/ ?0, ?)

#(% 11, &% %(' . , ..2 B ..2507 % 1+ &% %% . , .. &( C1# #(% &( %+

&% %B,B BB,(% #(% % $&% K((

#-." +&% (%(, 1&% " -.

(%(,O 2525, 2541 B 2548

&% %%+&% " -.$(0,. #(-.G%

@(1@" -. B" -. %,!

( @#( B( ,(1 /RJ" # "

!RV ,P %/4@ A4-.

&% %H& $?-.$@@H -. B)-. 100-.B,1

J## &% %% %#? 160 % 2,960 #(

% 1,1@% 3 #? 31 B1,1@% 4 #? 36 67 % (8 (, " ?1 +K K

&& % $)(%A !/,

1. ,% B,6/%

2. !" # " B$) %(%

3. ,B% ,/,+1

4. #( % , % ) ( 1 0 0 -.

"1 2542 B/-.$@@H "1 2544

(66)

5. 11%,,#(-.

6. B,1&& % B!

)%

7. ,%ƒ )/J00A.4!"K 8. !%") $-@

"W%

1. ?+

1.1 6/% %% %+% A-( %) , A, %"B# "

1.2 % / A 1 1 . @ ) . K B ).,

1.3 %A(4 4 %#0 B(

4

1.4 %A(%ƒ $)B$CB K,$% (

1.5 %A(1&& %A1&& % BB/

1.6 +K %/$#% )/J00A !"$

1

2.

2.1. %/% ( , ,% /B$6/%

B

2.2. %&& % B %@,% /

2.3. %#(% %%") A!6/% +6/%+

B,% /

2.4. %!%/1?0.1%6(1 ,, 3. 7'

%A%BB(%@,% / ,$)6/% B%

() 4. %

4.1 %,11 6/ 4, P #(

A-. ( B-.

4.2 %%1(# #K(

(67)

*)'&"8

.%-4 +.%A-.?($-@ BJ0 .4% " # " , B.%-4(B, 6/% !6/% +1%(%$ 11 1 B&

.%-4+K$-%6/% K(

6,4$A-. #-##1,1@

$ *)'&"8 B, )% A/% , /

%$ "$B6/ B%+%

*)'&"8 Q 4 0]// % %@?#&

% ( 1 ,C, -(%A BC ,$

3. *)'&"8 RV/RV% , %"%B/%

%(4 4 %#0B(4 B%

.?

\"#] *)'&"8 1).K A/ .4

% !"K )/#+K B 1K

]** *)'&"8 & 4 B1&& %

% ,%")

7% *)'&"8 , B$CB $)#(% %(%

B(#(

(68)

4?+%

6/? ,

"

B /"-.&% %%

. 4,%4-

&%

6/B/%%

$, 6/B11

6/?

, K

6/?

,#

% 6/? &%

?

#(B

!4

"411 B ( . ()

"/&) A%B B(

6/

B/%%

$)B

&/4 1"4 -.

/"&%

%%

A-.

. 4,%

4- (

?

#(% /B!

//

% /

,% /

#!6/%

( B6

/ 44

!B

# 1@% B

!%

(B6

%

% B(6 ,1/B -.

!B,% ///

/&.

) -.

/ 41

? B6?

B?(?B, B#

B,@

") I1 B.

#1

"

1

$@%-.B ,

)

#(?B$

#(

#(

6 1 B6(?

( B -.

01%

(B 4

& B%

K(

? (1@%

B6 , 1"K (/B 1, % 4*$'&

"8

%

%

&% %$

& B

%K(

& B

%K(

& B%

K(

% : &% %%, /,% 6/B/ (% : @@B(4Q #?( , 2551) , 41.

6/?

,1B B6

(69)

''

1. J"(

#(% . B K(-.),# -.&%

" -. $% " -. (0-.#(

.& ,

1. (,# -.&% ,0, %,# -.

($ %/#?1@ % % /,(

2. (#()B(&% ,# -.&% &%

K((?% (

3. (#(% B#(#% %,# -.

( A- %(( &( %$%,# (%@

3.1 #,# -.%% 1%( #(#

?0 P BK,1%( #(1/,)M(/

3.2 %#(#,# -.%(

4 B1"

3.3 %%,# -.&% " -.

%( / /RV # -.

3.4 /B,M(%%% %( 6/%

M(%K( ,+% % /6(/1( B BM!

4. 6% % ),# -.&% " -. 0 -. #(.& , % 0%#(),# -./,

% 1 ,% ?0A( 0.001 )(#()B(

&% (#(% B(#(#% ( ,# -.((% %% 0%K,B,% 1

(70)

5. 6% % ,# -.&% $(, P , &%

" -. 0-. #(.& $(,# -./,&%

$(CB$(0, @()B(&% #(# % B#(#% ,% ?0A ( 0.05 60

\ 4 ) 4K(* K(# ,# "% &% " -.

(0-. #(% ,&% ,# " B%

J0( %%J0

1. 6/# (,# "% ,(%

B$( (?,# "%

2. (#()B(&% (?#()B(,

# "% ( %J0( %+J0,(C A%?R‚# "$(

3. (B&% (?#(B ,# " % ( %J0( %+J0,(C &% ,6M"*% K #?/ ,# "

B,%

4.(#(#&% K((?#(#,# "

% ( %+J0,(C BJ0#(#

,# "K,(C

5. 6(# "&% K((?6# "$

% ( ,KC, ,@(,&% ,0,(

6(# " &( M$% ( ?J0 ( 6(# " I, /,( %+J0, (C /(/B ? (M (# "$% K,?

B$($/%+,1%@ (# "$% 61

60 #(% . B, ),# -. &% " -.

$% " -. (0-. #(.&' (-. 00-. $-.

, 2542) 145.

61 \ 4 ) 4K(* , ,# "% &% " -.

(0-. #(%' ( "400-.4 $ -. .4, 2544) , 102-103.

Referensi

Dokumen terkait

This scenario was in accordance with the research findings that the environmental factor (the skill to face various students’ needs) was a significant variable and

In relation to the findings of this study, the discussion could as follows: First, a significant test results of influence of green schooling knowledge on the environmental awareness,

The findings were as follows: 1 The present status of inclusive education of secondary school under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office 4 was statistically classified into 4

Educational importance factor evaluation approach for each academic year For a particular academic year of considerations, some attri- butes are considered here in this approach, e.g.,

Aside from laws regulating environmental degradation, another important factor, the increasing population in urban areas that contribute to carbon emissions, should be considered..

The results of the study were as follows: First, many vocational high schools have either considered or planned to restructure their educational and/or departmental systems, and such a