CMU Intellectual Repository: Farmers’ Perception and Adaptation in Organic Vegetable Production for Sustainable Livelihood in Chiang Mai Province

FARMERS’ PERCEPTION AND ADAPTATION IN ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION FOR SUSTAINABLE

LIVELIHOOD IN CHIANG MAI PROVINCE

NATHITAKARN PINTHUKAS

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

GRADUATE SCHOOL CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY

JUNE 2014

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FARMERS’ PERCEPTION AND ADAPTATION IN ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION FOR SUSTAINABLE

LIVELIHOOD IN CHIANG MAI PROVINCE

NATHITAKARN PINTHUKAS

A THESIS SUBMITTED TO CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

IN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

GRADUATE SCHOOL, CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY JUNE 2014

FARMERS' PERCEPTION AND ADAPTATION IN ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION FOR SUSTAINABLE

LIVELIHOOD IN CHIANG MAI PROVINCE

NATHITAKARN PINTHUKAS

THIS THESIS HAS BEEN APPROVED

TO BE A PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

TN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Examination Committee ^: Advisory Committee :

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_Advisor

(Assoc.Prof. Dr.Arnat

Tancho)

^{(Dr. Budsara} Limnirunkul)

(Prof. Dr. Pongsak Angkasith)

\Ar.rn.

^{. .}

.lir.r.t.*..

^{. Member}

(Dr. Budsara Limnirunkul)

Pq-...Member

(Prof. Dr. Pongsak Angkasith)

4(MMember

(Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suraphol Sreshthaputra)

;eJ*ill-

^Co-advisor

(Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suraphol Sreshthaputra)

(Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ruth ^S irisunyaluck)

5 June 2014

CopyrightO by Chiang Mai University

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

So many people have helped me in all kinds of ways, making this thesis possible. The researcher would like to take a moment to acknowledge them. My advisors, Dr. Budsara Limnirunkul, Prof. Dr. Pongsak Angkasith and Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Suraphol Sreshthaputra did a lot to help me in laying out the research, questions I had throughout the research, and spent many hours revising my writing. A special thanks to Thesis advisor from Oklahoma State University and staff, Dr. James P. Key, Dr.

Robert Terry. And Assoc. Prof. Dr. Arnat Tancho at Maejo University the advisory committee chairperson, and Dr. Laxmi Worachai who kindly editing English grammar. My parents, Mr. Sophon and Mrs. Amorn Pinthukas have also been incredibly supportive in my studying, motivating me to complete my research in record time. Finally, the researcher would like to express deepest gratitude to beloved younger brother, Mr. Santi Pinthukas and Mr. Varoon Raksakulkarn who consistently encouraged and empower to support for success.

Nathitakarn Pinthukas