The objectives are 1) To study the process of making a musical instrument of Yuping Xiaodi 2) To analyze the playing techniques of Yuping Xiaodi 3) To study the musical cultural change of Yuping Xiaodi in Yuping County, Guizhou Province, China. They all have to use four techniques: Breathing, fingers, lips, tongue. Game techniques are classified into three levels: basic technique, intermediate technique, advanced technique.
Introduction
- Statement of the Problem
- Research Objectives
- Research Questions
- Importance of Research
- Definition of Terms
- Conceptual Framework
Yuping Xiaodi is not only an excellent national musical instrument, but also an elegant craft. To study the process and development of musical instrument making by Yuping Xiaodi in Yuping County, Guizhou Province, China.
Literature Reviews
The General Knowledge of Yuping County, Guizhou Province, China
The General Knowledge of Xiaodi in China
Society and Culture of Xiaodi Music in China
A Musical Instrument of Bamboo Wind Instrument in China
The Theory Used in Research
Documents and Related Research
In the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923), it fell directly under Guizhou Province. A musical instrument of bamboo wind instrument in China 4.1 The type of wind instrument in China.
Research Methodology
Research Scope
It is one of the basic steps and methods of scientific investigation to determine the essential properties of things. It is a method of collecting objective and unbiased factual material in oral form according to the answers of the interviewees, so as to accurately explain the whole represented by the samples.
Research process
It is necessary to pay attention to the intonation and the execution of the decorative sound. The establishment of the museum promotes the transmission and protection of Yuping Xiaodi making skills.
The Making Process of Yuping Xiaodi Musical Instrument
Species of bamboo
Cut bamboo
Blanking bamboo
Roast and straighten bamboo
Storage bamboo
That is musical instruments, especially the bamboo that can be used to make high quality musical instruments. During the selection process, the bamboo material used to make the "Bass Di, Treble Di, Qu Di, Bang Di".
Select material
48 in storage in 2019, as bamboo materials must be in storage for at least three years before they can be used to make musical instruments. The inner diameter determines the key of musical instruments (Figure 11 and Figure 12). For example, if you take a piece of bamboo and measure its inner diameter to be 17.5mm, then the bamboo material is suitable for making Di and C 2) Weight of bamboo, heavy is better than light.
Blanking bamboo again
After the length has been drawn, the bamboo can be machine cut into model bamboo material. After sawing the bamboo, the part of the instrument should be polished to make both sides of the instrument smooth and beautiful.
Roast and straighten bamboo again
Roast one side of the bamboo first, then straighten the other side after straightening one side. This not only helps the water out of the bamboo, but also prevents the bamboo from bursting due to heat.
Get through the inner sections of the bamboo
Clean up the inner wall of the bamboo
Grind off the outside sections of the bamboo
Scrape off the bamboo skin
Roast and straighten bamboo for the third time
Water washing
Locate the sound holes
58 3) The third method is to use the percentage calculation method to determine the position of each sound hole. This method is mainly used for the actual size of the inner diameter of the bamboo tube, which is close to the prescribed bamboo standard. The position of each Di and Xiao hole is shown below (Figure 24, Di; Figure 25, Xiao).
For the sake of illustration, we assume that the length from the blow hole to the sound outlet hole is 100 (calculated from the distance between the center of the hole), then the length from the blow hole to each finger hole is shown in following two tabs (Table 2, Di; Table 3, Xiao). Make: Li Xingchen Table 4 The length of the punch hole in each sound hole of Xiao.
Drilling holes
It should be noted that for Di, its finger hole, blow hole, the size of the film hole is not the same, the blow hole is the largest, relatively small is the finger hole, the smallest is the film hole.
Install cork
Adjust the pitch
Sandpaper is repeatedly polished on the surface of the instrument until the surface is smooth and ready for the next carving process.
The dragon and the phoenix are artistic images created by the working people of our country with exaggerated and romantic art after a long historical development. The body of the dragon and the phoenix appears beautifully from time to time, with a sense of space and imagination. The image of the dragon on the Di is: tiger head, tiger teeth, fish eyes, crocodile mouth, lion temples, antlers, snake body, fish backbone, horse tail, eagle claws, which form the image of the dragon.
The image of the phoenix in Xiao is: golden pheasant beak, peacock head, beautiful eyes, mandarin duck body, chicken tail, white crane legs, forming the image of the phoenix. Depending on the type of musical instrument, the finished product includes some of the above steps. Post-processing is not only to enhance the beauty of the instrument, but also to prevent them from cracking, protect the musical instrument and extend the service life.
After the Di and Xiao have undergone the above processing, post-processing is required.
Varnishing
65 After painting, the bamboo is insulated from the air, which protects the instrument and improves its sound.
Inlaying
Binding wire
Checking
Packaging
Chest breathing is breathing into the chest; Abdominal breathing is the abdominal position of the respiratory tract. The game symbol is. The fourth movement returns to the adagio, which is a reprise of the changes in the second movement. At the beginning of the first strip, there are the techniques of the game of sliding, connecting and kneading.
The song is based on the story of the cowherd and the Weaver Maid in the folk tale. This is mainly because there is no change in the style of the two sections. The table below summarizes the changes in the music culture of the musical instrument Yuping Xiaodi into aspects and the timeline of the changes.
The Playing Techniques of Yuping Xiaodi Musical Instrument
Aspects of Change in the Music and Culture of Yuping Xiaodi Musical Instrument119
The Change of Policy and Strategy
Second, the Xiao & Di performance is included in the teaching curriculum of primary and middle schools. Xiao & Di classes were opened in the third to sixth grades of primary schools in the province and the junior high school stage, and the training of students was increased. They have become an important force in displaying and transmitting the culture of Yuping Xiaodi.
Third, Yuping County has formulated and introduced a series of measures to further increase the cultivation of Xiao & Di talents. 123 The pace of reform and restructuring of Yuping Xiaodi Factory has been accelerated, and the production quality and management level of Yuping Xiaodi Factory has reached a new level. Wu Jihong, he said that in April this year, the original Yuping Xiaodi factory was moved and moved to the new address.
The Change of Business and Marketing
The Change of Craftsmanship and Technique
Before Yuping County officially established the Yuping Xiaodi Factory in late 1955, the production of Yuping Xiaodi was carried out by many private workshops, and there was no uniform production standard to regulate production. Based on the Chinese bamboo wind instrument production standards, the older generation of artists, based on the production experience they have accumulated for hundreds of years and passed on to the Yuping Xiaodi, has formulated the quality standards for the first Yuping Xiaodi production enterprise. The craft quality standard has put an end to Yuping Xiaodi's original production model that has been followed for hundreds of years.
Yuping Xiaodi is made of bamboo, and the fiber structure and compactness of bamboo fibers are easily affected by climate, humidity and heat, so the intonation and sound are easy to change. In order to keep up with the research pace of other musical instrument factories in quality control, Yuping Xiaodi Factory sent Mr. Liu Zesong and other makers to the Guangzhou musical instrument factory to learn the production technology of regulation Di, the product soon began mass production, gradually formed the main products in the factory. Such changes must be very important to promote the development of Yuping Xiaodi's products and culture.
The Change of transmission and protection
Liu Zesong said that he decided to put these two kinds of Di that he pioneered into the market, depending on the effect, if they are popular, then he will continue to make and put them into production. At the same time, he will continue to experiment with changes in the manufacturing process.
The Change of Performances and creations
In recent years, Yuping County has launched the activities of national culture entering the campus, formulated practical work plans, and selected 4 junior high schools and 8 central elementary schools with strong cultural atmosphere and simple folk customs as demonstration schools for national culture entering campuses throughout the county . Di culture was built as a key point in the campus, and in August 2011 organized the editing and publishing of volumes 1-4 of "Xiao & Di" as a local textbook for primary and secondary schools in Yuping County, Guizhou Province, and was well received of teachers and students. The Shanghai Conservatory of Music planned to rewrite the "Xiao & Di" textbook to replace the old textbook in the 2011 version.
Briefly summarized, this chapter mainly describes the aspects of changes in the music and culture of the Yuping Xiaodi musical instrument.
Conclusion, Discussion and Suggestion
In this process, the researcher also learns how to make the Yuping Xiaodi musical instrument. The promotion of Yuping Xiaodi's industry transfer will inevitably be inextricably linked with all kinds of outstanding talents. To promote the continuous expansion and strength of the Yuping Xiaodi industry, the entire industrial chain must be built.
From the perspective of long-term development, these factors have greatly influenced the development of the Yuping Xiaodi market. Based on this, Yuping Xiaodi industry must rely on the support of national policies and local government policies. Most operators in the Yuping Xiaodi industry have problems with outdated concepts and short-sightedness.
Yuping Xiaodi's single product type is also a reason that limits the growth of the cultural industry. The introduction of professionals and the establishment of a team of experts have given more opportunities to the development of the Yuping Xiaodi industry.
