View of Motivation and Organizational Support Affecting the Performance Through Position of Subdistrict Public Health Officers in Nong Khai Province

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Motivation and Organizational Support Affecting the Performance Through Position of Subdistrict Public Health Officers

in Nong Khai Province

§ÿ≥“°√  ÿ«√√≥æ—π∏ÿå (Khunakorn Suwannaphan)* ¥√.ª√–®—°√ ∫—«º—π (Dr. Prachak Bouphan)**

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ABSTRACT

The study is a cross-sectional descriptive research. The purposes were to study motivation and Organizational support affecting the performance through position of subdistrict public health officers in nong khai province. The population was 134 subdistrict public health officers and 111 samples were selected by systematic random sampling. The research instruments were the questionnaires and the indepth interview. The data was to acquire percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression.The finding revealed that the motivation affecting the performance was at ùhighû level .The organizational support was at ùmoderateû

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°—∫«‘∂’™’«‘µ·≈–ªí≠À“ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õߧπ‰∑¬ ‡ √‘¡ √â“ß level . The performance of subdistrict public health officer was at ùhighû level. The personal characteristics, such as office rank, motivation and organizational support were significantly related to the performance of subdistrict public health officer.There were significance variables that predicted the performance of subdistrict public health officer such as hygiene, personal life factor. motivation, advancement factor.

hygiene, organization Policy and administration factor .motivation, responsibility factor. motivation, recognition factor.These five factors could predict as mush as 53.0 percentage.The most finding problem and obstacle was motivation in area of work condition.

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∫√‘À“√·≈– ºŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ “¡“√∂·°â‰¢ªí≠À“„π°“√

¥”‡π‘πß“πµ“¡·ºπ¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æÀπ૬ªØ‘∫—µ‘°“√®—¥

∑”·ºπ∑’Ë Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫·ºπ¬ÿ∑∏»“ µ√å “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

®—ßÀ«—¥ ∫ÿ§≈“°√¡’»—°¬¿“æ„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’ˉ¥âÕ¬à“ß¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ (ß“π·ºπß“π

 ”π—°ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬, 2549) ·µà

„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π®√‘ßæ∫«à“ ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’Ë¥”√ßµ”·Àπàß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈„π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

¬—ß¡’°“√ªí≠À“„π°“√∑√“∫√“¬≈–‡Õ’¬¥≈—°…≥–ß“π

¿“√°‘®ß“π¬—߉¡à°”Àπ¥°‘®°√√¡∑’Ë™—¥‡®π ∑”„À⢓¥

§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡‡¢â“„® ·≈–∑—°…–°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¥â“π«‘™“

°“√ °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¬—ß¡’Àπâ“∑’˵“¡∫∑∫“∑¢ÕߺŸâ„Àâ

∫√‘°“√‡™àπ‡¥‘¡ (ß“πæ—≤π“∫ÿ§≈“°√  ”π—°ß“π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬,2549) ´÷Ëß®”‡ªìπ Õ ¬à “ ß ¬‘Ë ß ∑’Ë ® – µâ Õ ß ¡’ ° “ √   √â “ ß · √ ß ®Ÿ ß „ ® · ≈ – ° “ √  π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√„Àâπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫

µ”∫≈  “¡“√∂ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π‰¥âµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Õ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë

´÷ËßÀ“°¡’°“√®Ÿß„®·≈–°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√∑’Ë¥’

®–‡°‘¥º≈„π‡™‘ß∫Ÿ√≥“°“√¥â“π«‘™“°“√µàÕ°“√µ—¥ ‘π

„®„π‡™‘ß∫√‘À“√·≈–‡°‘¥ª√–‚¬™πåµàÕ°“√∫√‘°“√

®“°§«“¡‡ªìπ¡“·≈– ¿“æªí≠À“¥—ß°≈à“«¢â“ßµâπ ºŸâ»÷°…“«‘®—¬´÷Ëßªí®®ÿ∫—πªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ

™ÿ¡™π ®÷ß π„®∑’Ë®–»÷°…“«à“¡’·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–°“√

 π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√„¥∫â“ß∑’Ë®–¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ √–¥—∫·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–√–¥—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ

®“°Õߧ尓√‡ªìπÕ¬à“߉√ ¡’§ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈

·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√„¥∫â“ß∑’Ë¡’º≈

µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë ¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ √–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

√«¡∂÷ß°“√√—∫∑√“∫ªí≠À“Õÿª √√§∑’ˇ°‘¥¢÷Èπ®“°

°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ‡Àµÿº≈¥—ß°≈à“« ®÷߇ªìπª√–‡¥Áπ  ”§—≠¢Õß°“√»÷°…“«‘®—¬„π§√—Èßπ’È

«‘∏’°“√«‘®—¬

°“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È ‡ªìπ°“√«‘®—¬‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“

·∫∫¿“§µ—¥¢«“ß (Cross Sectional Study Descriptive Research) ‡°Á∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—È߇™‘ߪ√‘¡“≥·≈–‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“æ

‚¥¬«‘∏’°“√ ”√«®

ª√–™“°√ ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß

ª√–™“°√∑’Ë„™â„π°“√»÷°…“§√—Èßπ’È §◊Õ

π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π®√‘ß

„π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ ªïß∫ª√–¡“≥ 2550 (µÿ≈“§¡

2549 - °ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2550) ®”π«π 134 §π ·≈–

 ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß·∫∫‡ªìπ√–∫∫ ‰¥â°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß ®”π«π 111 §π

‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ„π°“√«‘®—¬

¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ‡ ™‘ ß ª √‘ ¡ “ ≥ „ ™â ‡ ªì π · ∫ ∫   Õ ∫ ∂ “ ¡

·≈–¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“æ„™â·∫∫ —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷°

‚¥¬ √â“ß®“°°“√∑∫∑«π‡Õ° “√·≈–ß“π«‘®—¬∑’Ë

‡°’ˬ«¢âÕß·≈–µ√«® Õ∫§«“¡µ√ߢÕ߇π◊ÈÕÀ“‚¥¬

ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠®”π«π 3 ∑à“π µ√«® Õ∫§«“¡‡∑’ˬß

‚¥¬π”·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡‰ª∑¥≈Õß„™â (Try Out) °—∫

π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ ‚¥¬„™â«‘∏’À“

§à“ —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘ÏÕ—≈øÉ“¢Õߧ√Õπ∫“™ (Cronbrachûs Alpha Coefficient) ‰¥â§à“§«“¡‡∑’Ë¬ß 0.96

°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

¥”‡π‘π°“√√–À«à“ß«—π∑’Ë 3 ¡°√“§¡ - 28

°ÿ¡¿“æ—π∏å 2550 ∑”Àπ—ß ◊Õ¢ÕÕπÿ≠“µ„π°“√∑”

«‘®—¬·≈–‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈®“°¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬¢Õπ·°àπ

∂÷ß𓬷æ∑¬å “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ „π°√≥’

·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ ºŸâ«‘®—¬π”·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡‰ªµ‘¥µàÕ ª√– “πß“π°—∫‡®â“Àπâ“∑’˺Ÿâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ß“π«‘™“°“√

√–¥—∫Õ”‡¿Õ ∑ÿ°Õ”‡¿Õ„π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ

‡ªìπºŸâª√– “πß“π„π°“√‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈°—∫°≈ÿà¡

µ—«Õ¬à“ß „π°√≥’·∫∫ —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷° ºŸâ«‘®—¬

𗥫—π —¡¿“…≥å°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑—Èß 12 §π≈à«ßÀπâ“ àß Àπ—ß ◊Õ¢Õ§«“¡Õπÿ‡§√“–Àå„π°“√„Àâ —¡¿“…≥å·≈–

·®âßÀ—«¢âÕ„π°“√ —¡¿“…≥å„Àâ°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑√“∫‡æ◊ËÕ

¢Õ§«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ ·≈–¥”‡π‘π°“√ —¡¿“…≥å

 ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë„™â„π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

1. ·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡

1)  ∂‘µ‘‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ (Descriptive Statistics) (1) §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ‰¥â·°à ‡æ»

Õ“¬ÿ  ∂“π¿“æ ¡√  √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ √“¬‰¥â ª√– ∫°“√≥å„πªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π „™â ∂‘µ‘ °“√·®°·®ß§«“¡∂’Ë

√âÕ¬≈– §à“‡©≈’ˬ  à«π‡∫’ˬ߇∫π¡“µ√∞“π §à“¡—∏¬∞“π

§à“µË” ÿ¥ ·≈– §à“ Ÿß ÿ¥

(2) √–¥—∫·√ß®Ÿß„® √–¥—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ

®“°Õߧ尓√ ·≈–√–¥—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑

Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „™â ∂‘µ‘

√âÕ¬≈– §à“‡©≈’ˬ ·≈– à«π‡∫’ˬ߇∫π¡“µ√∞“π (3) ªí≠À“ Õÿª √√§ ·≈–¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–

„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ «‘‡§√“–Àå‚¥¬«‘∏’æ√√≥π“

2)  ∂‘µ‘‡™‘ßÕπÿ¡“π (Inferential Statistics) (1) „™â ∂‘µ‘Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient À√◊Õ°“√À“§à“ —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï  À —¡æ—π∏å¢Õ߇撬√å —π„π°“√À“§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å

√–À«à“ßµ—«·ª√µâπ·≈–µ—«·ª√µ“¡ ∑’≈–§Ÿà (Bivariate Analysis)

(2) „™â ∂‘µ‘ Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis À√◊Õ °“√∂¥∂Õ¬æÀÿ·∫∫

¢—ÈπµÕπ „π°“√«‘‡§√“–À姫“¡ —¡æ—π∏åÀ≈“¬µ—«·ª√

(Multivariate Relationship) 2. ¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡™‘ߧÿ≥¿“æ

ª√–°Õ∫‰ª¥â«¬ ·√ß®Ÿß„®∫“ß à«π °“√

 π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√∫“ß à«π ·≈–°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π µ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ µ≈Õ¥®π ªí≠À“Õÿª √√§ ∑”°“√«‘‡§√“–À凙‘߇π◊ÈÕÀ“ (Content Analysis)

 √ÿªº≈°“√«‘®—¬

1. §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈

°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß  à«π„À≠à‡ªìπ‡æ»™“¬ √âÕ¬≈–

58.6 Õ“¬ÿ√–À«à“ß 30-40 ªï √âÕ¬≈– 61.30 Õ“¬ÿ‡©≈’ˬ

34.62 ªï (S.D.=5.81) Õ“¬ÿµË” ÿ¥ 24 ªï Õ“¬ÿ Ÿß ÿ¥

50 ªï  ∂“π¿“æ ¡√  §Ÿà √âÕ¬≈– 73.9 √–¥—∫

°“√»÷°…“ √–¥—∫ª√‘≠≠“µ√’ √âÕ¬≈– 98.2 √“¬‰¥â 15,001-20,000 ∫“∑ √âÕ¬≈– 45.05 ª√– ∫°“√≥å

„π°“√∑”ß“π 1 - 10 ªï √âÕ¬≈– 86.49. ‡©≈’ˬ 5.40 ªï (S.D. = 5.28) ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π µË” ÿ¥

1 ªï  Ÿß ÿ¥ 24 ªï

2. √ – ¥— ∫ · √ ß ®Ÿ ß „ ® ¢ Õ ß π— ° «‘ ™ “ ° “ √  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

„π¿“æ√«¡°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß¡’·√ß®Ÿß„®Õ¬Ÿà„π

√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.69 (S.D.= 0.38) ¡’·√ß

®Ÿß„®¥â“πªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“°§à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.55 (S.D.= 0.44) ·√ß®Ÿß„®¥â“πªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπÕ¬Ÿà„π

√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.49 (S.D.= 0.65)

‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“π æ∫«à“ ¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫

¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥‚¥¬¡’·√ß®Ÿß„®„π√–¥—∫¡“° ¡’§à“

‡©≈’ˬ 4.03 (S.D.= 0.44)  à«π¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬπâÕ¬

∑’Ë ÿ¥‰¥â·°à ¥â“π ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ‚¥¬¡’·√ß®Ÿß„®

„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß ¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.08 (S.D.= 0.79)

®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷° æ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈

‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡§◊Õ ·√ß®Ÿß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ

°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ§◊Õ °“√„À⇰’¬√µ‘

°“√¬°¬àÕ߇™‘¥™Ÿ §«“¡™◊Ëπ™¡„πº≈ß“π∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫

°“√„À⧫“¡ ”§—≠ °“√¬Õ¡√—∫·≈–‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ ¢«—≠

°”≈—ß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π °“√ à߇ √‘¡°“√∑”ß“π Õ¬à“ß¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢ §«“¡°â“«Àπâ“∑“ß«‘™“™’æ °“√‰¥â

√—∫√“ß«—≈/ ‘ËßµÕ∫·∑𠇙àπ °“√æ‘®“√≥“§«“¡¥’

§«“¡™Õ∫ §à“µÕ∫·∑π„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π œ≈œ

°“√¡Õ∫À¡“¬ß“π„À≥ⷠ¥ß§«“¡ “¡“√∂Õ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë  à«πªí≠À“ Õÿª √√§ ‡°’ˬ«°—∫·√ß®Ÿß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

ß“π„π §◊Õ ‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπ §à“µÕ∫·∑π·≈–‚Õ°“ 

°â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π¡’πâÕ¬

3. √–¥—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥

ÀπÕߧ“¬

„π¿“æ√«¡æ∫«à“¡’°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√

Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.44 (S.D.= 0.48)

‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß 2 ¥â“π·≈–√–¥—∫¡“° 2 ¥â“π ¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ¡“°

∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ¥â“π«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å ¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.60 (S.D.=

0.61) √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ¥â“π°“√∫√‘À“√¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.58 (S.D.= 0.58) µ“¡≈”¥—∫  à«π¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬπâÕ¬

∑’Ë ÿ¥‡∑à“°—π 2 ¥â“π §◊Õ ¥â“π∫ÿ§≈“°√ ·≈–¥â“πß∫

ª√–¡“≥ ¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.28 ‡∑à“°—π (S.D.= 0.58

·≈– 0.60 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)

®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷° æ∫«à“  ”À√—∫

 ‘Ëß∑’˧«√ π—∫ πÿπ„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑

Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π

®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ ‰¥â·°à ∫ÿ§≈“°√ ß∫ª√–¡“≥

«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å °“√∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√

4. √ – ¥— ∫ ° “ √ ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π µ “ ¡ ∫ ∑ ∫ “ ∑ Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π

®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

„π¿“æ√«¡æ∫«à“¡’°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πÕ¬Ÿà„π

√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.60 (S.D.= 0.51) ‡¡◊ËÕ æ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“  à«π„À≠àÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“°

·≈–¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ °“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√

ª√–¡«≈º≈ªí≠À“ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 4.13 (S.D.=0.62) √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ ¥â“π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå√–∫∫

ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.76 (S.D.= 0.62) µ“¡

≈”¥—∫  à«π¥â“π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß·≈–¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ

πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ¥â“π°“√„À⧔ª√÷°…“·π–π”¥â“π

«‘™“°“√ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.25 (S.D.= 0.82)

®“°°“√ —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷° æ∫«à“ ªí≠À“

Õÿª √√§ §◊Õ °“√√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ß“π∑’ˉ¡àµ√ßµ“¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë

5. §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·√ß®Ÿß„® ·≈–

°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√ ∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫

°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë ¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

§ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ æ∫«à“ ‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ  ∂“π¿“æ ¡√  √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ √“¬‰¥â √–¬–‡«≈“

∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π·≈–ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π„π∞“π–

π—°«‘™“°“√ ª√– ∫°“√≥å„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π∞“π–

π—°«‘™“°“√ ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥

ÀπÕߧ“¬ Õ¬à“߉¡à¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘

·√ß®Ÿß„® æ∫«à“ ¿“æ√«¡¢Õß·√ß®Ÿß„® ¿“æ

√«¡¢Õßªí®®—¬®Ÿß„® ·≈–¿“æ√«¡¢Õßªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ

¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π

µ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫

µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘

(r=0.598, p-value<0.001,r=0.534, p-value<

0.001,r = 0.552, p-value < 0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)  à«π¿“æ√«¡¢Õßªí®®—¬®Ÿß„® ·≈–ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®√“¬¥â“π

∑ÿ°¥â“π§◊Õ ¥â“𧫓¡ ”‡√Á®„π°“√∑”ß“π ¥â“π°“√

¬Õ¡√—∫π—∫∂◊Õ ¥â“π≈—°…≥–¢Õßß“π ·≈–¥â“π‚Õ°“ 

°â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π  ”À√—∫ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ√“¬

¥â“π à«π„À≠à§◊Õ ¥â“π‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπ/§à“µÕ∫·∑π

¥â“π ∂“π¿“æ¢Õß«‘™“™’æ ¥â“𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß„π°“√

ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π·≈–¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—« ¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß∑“ß∫«°°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π µ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë ¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠

∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ (r = 0.325, p-value<0.001, r = 0.480, p-value<0.001, r = 0.450, p-value<0.00, r=0.502, p-value<0.001, r=0.552, p-value

<0.001, r=0.500, p-value<0.001, r=0.359, p-value<0.001, r=0.367, p-value< 0.001, r=0.596,p-value< 0.001, r= 0.687, p-value <

0.001, r=0.517, p-value< 0.001r=0.545, p-value <0.001, r=0.453, p-value< 0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)  à«π¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ ¥â“𧫓¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß∫ÿ§§≈ ¥â“π°“√ª°§√Õß∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠™“

¥â“π ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å„π

√–¥—∫µË”∑“ß∫«° Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ (r = 0.264, p-value < 0.005, r = 0.269, p-value 0.004, r = 0.272, p-value 0.004, r =0.293, p-value 0.002 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)  à«π¥â“π∑’ˉ¡à¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å‡≈¬§◊Õ ¥â“π‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπ/§à“µÕ∫·∑π

°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√ æ∫«à“ ¿“æ√«¡

¢Õß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√ °“√ π—∫ πÿπ

®“°Õߧ尓√√“¬¥â“π à«π„À≠à§◊Õ ¥â“π∫ÿ§≈“°√

¥â“π«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å ·≈–¥â“π°“√∫√‘À“√¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß∑“ß∫«°°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π µ “ ¡ ∫ ∑ ∫ “ ∑ À πâ “ ∑’Ë ¢ Õ ß π— ° «‘ ™ “ ° “ √   “ ∏ “ √ ≥  ÿ ¢

√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ Õ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠

∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ (r = 0.348, p-value< 0.001, r = 0.372, p-value <0.001, r = 0.340, p-value <0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)  à«π¥â“π«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å

√–¥—∫µË”∑“ß∫«°°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ Õ¬à“ß¡’

π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ (r = 0.231, p-value < 0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)

6. ªí®®—¬∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈

®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ §◊Õ ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡

‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—« ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡°â“«Àπâ“„π µ”·Àπàß ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬„π°“√∫√‘À“√

ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ ·≈–ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®

¥â“π°“√¬Õ¡√—∫π—∫∂◊Õ (p-value < 0.001, p-value

< 0.001, p-value < 0.001, p-value = < 0.001

·≈– p-value = < 0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫) ∑’Ë√–¥—∫

π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘ 0.05 ¥—ß ¡°“√

 ¡°“√„π√Ÿª§–·ππ¥‘∫

Y= 1.239+0.327 (ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπ Õ¬Ÿà à«πµ—«) +0.233(ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡°â“«Àπâ“

„πµ”·Àπàß) +0.186 (ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬

„π°“√∫√‘À“√) +-0.353 (ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡

√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫) +0.237 (ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“π°“√¬Õ¡√—∫

π—∫∂◊Õ)

 ¡°“√„π√Ÿª§–·ππ¡“µ√∞“π

Z = 0.395 (ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà  à«πµ—«) + 0.301 (ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡°â“«Àπâ“„π µ”·Àπàß)+0.217(ªí®®—¬ §È”®ÿπ¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬„π°“√

∫√‘À“√)+-0.304 (ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫) +0.240 (ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“π°“√¬Õ¡√—∫π—∫∂◊Õ)

¥—ßπ—Èπ ®÷ß°≈à“«‰¥â«à“µ—«·ª√Õ‘ √–∑—Èß 5 µ—«

 “¡“√∂欓°√≥å°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë

¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥

ÀπÕߧ“¬ ‰¥â√âÕ¬≈– 53.0

°“√∑¥ Õ∫ ¡¡µ‘∞“π¢Õß°“√«‘®—¬

1. §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ‰¥â·°à ‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ  ∂“π¿“æ ¡√  √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑’Ë ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π„π∞“π–π—°«‘™“°“√ ‰¡à¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ º≈°“√«‘®—¬‰¡à‡ªìπ

‰ªµ“¡ ¡¡µ‘∞“π

2. ·√ß®Ÿß„®¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈

„π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

1) ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®∑ÿ°¥â“π¡’º≈µàÕ°“√

ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π µ “ ¡ ∫ ∑ ∫ “ ∑ À πâ “ ∑’Ë ¢ Õ ß π— ° «‘ ™ “ ° “ √  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ º≈°“√

«‘®—¬‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡ ¡¡µ‘∞“π

2) ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“𧫓¡ —¡æ—π∏å à«π

∫ÿ§§≈ ¥â“π°“√ª°§√Õß∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠™“ π‚¬∫“¬

·≈–°“√∫√‘À“√ ¥â“π ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ¥â“π  ∂“π¿“æ¢Õß«‘™“™’æ ¥â“𧫓¡¡—Ëπ§ß „π°“√

ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ·≈–¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—«

¡’ º ≈ µà Õ ° “ √ ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π µ “ ¡ ∫ ∑ ∫ “ ∑ À πâ “ ∑’Ë ¢ Õ ß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥

ÀπÕߧ“¬ º≈°“√«‘®—¬‡ªìπ‰ªµ“¡ ¡¡µ‘∞“π

°“√Õ¿‘ª√“¬º≈

1. √ – ¥— ∫ · √ ß ®Ÿ ß „ ® ¢ Õ ß π— ° «‘ ™ “ ° “ √  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

‚¥¬¿“æ√«¡ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ

3.69 (S.D.= 0.38)  Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“

¢Õßæ™√æ√ (2549) æ∫«à“ ¿“æ√«¡¢Õß·√ß®Ÿß„®

„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õߧ≥–°√√¡°“√ª√– “πß“π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫Õ”‡¿Õ ®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°àπ Õ¬Ÿà„π

√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.56 (S.D.=0.64) ·µ°µà“ß

®“°°“√»÷°…“¢Õß ¡–≥Ÿ (2548) æ∫«à“ ·√ß®Ÿß„®

‚ ¥ ¬ √ « ¡ ¢ Õ ß ‡ ®â “ À πâ “ ∑’Ë „ π ° “ √ æ— ≤ π “ ¡ “ µ √ ∞ “ π

»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫

ª“π°≈“ß

1) ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®

‚¥¬¿“æ√«¡Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.90 (S.D.= 0.39)‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“°

∑ÿ°¥â“π·≈–¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ¥â“𧫓¡√—∫

º‘¥™Õ∫ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 4.03 (S.D. = 0.44) ·≈–¥â“π

∑’Ë ¡’ §à “ ‡ © ≈’Ë ¬ πâ Õ ¬ ∑’Ë  ÿ ¥ §◊ Õ ¥â “ π § « “ ¡ °â “ « À πâ “ „ π µ”·Àπàß §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.71 (S.D.= 0.66)  Õ¥§≈âÕß

°—∫°“√»÷°…“¢Õßæ‘™‘µ (2549) æ∫«à“·√ß®Ÿß„®

„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«Àπâ“»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π

„π®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°àπ√–¥—∫¡“° ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¢âÕ

¢Õßªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®æ∫«à“ ∑ÿ°¢âÕ®–Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“°

·≈–¢âÕ∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“π

§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·Àπàß „πÀ—«¢âÕ°“√¡’§«“¡

°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·ÀπàßÀπâ“∑’Ë√“™°“√‡À¡“– ¡°—∫√–¬–

‡«≈“∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.46 (S.D.= 0.99)

·≈–ß“π∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫„πªí®®ÿ∫—𠇪ìπß“π∑’Ë à߇ √‘¡

§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·ÀπàßÀπâ“∑’Ë√“™°“√¢Õß∑à“π

§à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.52 (S.D.= 0.09)µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ·≈–

ªí≠À“Õÿª √√§„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߇ÀÁπ«à“

‚Õ°“ °â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π¡’πâÕ¬ ∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë

‰¡à™—¥‡®π ß“π∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫¡’¡“° ·µà‰¡àµ√ß°—∫

 “¬ß“π ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß· ¥ß§«“¡§‘¥‡ÀÁπ„π

·∫∫ Õ∫∂“¡ª≈“¬‡ªî¥«à“ 秫“¡°â“«Àπâ“„π µ” · À πà ß „ π   “ ¬ ß “ π ‰ ¥â √— ∫ ° “ √ æ— ≤ π “ À √◊ Õ ‡ ≈◊Ë Õ π

√–¥—∫™â“·≈–¡’‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢À≈“¬Õ¬à“ß ¡’¢—ÈπµÕπ¬ÿà߬“°

„π°“√ª√–‡¡‘π Ÿà√–¥—∫∑’Ë Ÿß¢÷Èπé  Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫º≈°“√

 —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷°æ∫«à“ ≈—°…≥–ß“π∑’Ë√—∫

º‘¥™Õ∫®“°°“√¡Õ∫À¡“¬ß“π‰¡à Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫

§«“¡√Ÿâ¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ µ≈Õ¥®π‰¡à‡Õ◊ÈÕµàÕ°“√æ—≤π“

§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡ “¡“√∂·≈–∑”„À⧫“¡°â“«Àπâ“„π Àπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π™â“ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫µ”·ÀπàßÕ◊Ëπ

„π∑’Ë∑”ß“π‡¥’¬«°—π ´÷Ëß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߇ÀÁπ«à“ ·√ß®Ÿß„®

„ π ° “ √ ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π ∑’Ë ® – ∑” „ Àâ ° “ √ ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π µ “ ¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫

µ”∫≈ ¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æπ—È𠧫√®–„Àâ¡’‚Õ°“ 

°â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π ‡™àπ‡¡◊ËÕ¡’º≈ß“π §«√π”

¡“ª√–°Õ∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“‡≈◊ËÕπ¢—Èπ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß

°≈à“««à“ ìÀπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕߧ«√„À⧫“¡ ”§—≠°—∫

§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·Àπàß µ≈Õ¥®πæ‘®“√≥“‡ß‘π ª√–®”µ”·Àπà߇æ◊ËÕ„À⇪ìπ·√ß®Ÿß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

Àπâ“∑’Ë„À⥒¢÷Èπ

2) ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ

ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ

3.55 (S.D.= 0.44) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“

 à«π¡“°Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° ·≈–¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ Ÿß

∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—« §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.94 (S.D.= 0.44) √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ ¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬·≈–

°“√∫√‘À“√ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.81 (S.D.= 0.59) µ“¡≈”¥—∫

 à«π¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥·≈–Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π

°≈“ߧ◊Õ ¥â“π ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.08 (S.D.= 0.79) ¥â“π‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπ/§à“µÕ∫·∑π §à“‡©≈’ˬ

3.17 (S.D.= 0.78) ·≈–¥â“π°“√ª°§√Õß∫—ߧ—∫

∫—≠™“ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.44 (S.D.= 0.73) µ“¡≈”¥—∫

 Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“¢Õßæ‘™‘µ (2549) ªí®®—¬

§È”®ÿπ„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢ÕßÀ—«Àπâ“»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π

„π®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°àπÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° „π√“¬¥â“ππ—Èπ

¥â “ π ™’ «‘ µ § « “ ¡ ‡ ªì π Õ ¬Ÿà  à « π µ— « ¡’ §à “ ‡ © ≈’Ë ¬ § – · π π

·√ß®Ÿß„®¡“°

‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¢âÕ æ∫«à“  à«π„À≠àÕ¬Ÿà„π

√–¥—∫¡“°  à«π¢âÕ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“°·≈–¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ Ÿß

∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ §√Õ∫§√—« π—∫ πÿπ„Àâ∑”ß“π‡µÁ¡∑’Ë

§à“‡©≈’ˬ 4.10 (S.D.=0.71)√Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

ß “ π „ π À πà « ¬ ß “ π ∑” „ Àâ ‡ ªì π ∑’Ë ¬ Õ ¡ √— ∫ π— ∫ ∂◊ Õ ¢ Õ ß ª√–™“™π„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë §à“‡©≈’ˬ 4.05 (S.D.= 0.72) µ“¡≈”¥—∫  à«π¢âÕ∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥¢Õß

·√ß®Ÿß„®∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫πâÕ¬§◊Õ «‘™“™’æ„πµ”·Àπàß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢  “¡“√∂ √â“ß√“¬‰¥â‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡

‰¥â §à“‡©≈’ˬ 2.68 (S.D.=1.15)

2. √–¥—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈

‚¥¬¿“æ√«¡ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß§à“‡©≈’ˬ

3.44 (S.D.=0.48)  Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“¢Õß ª√–®—°√ ·≈–™—¬¬ß (2547) æ∫«à“ °“√ π—∫ πÿπ

® “ ° Õ ß §å ° √ „ π ° “ √ æ— ≤ π “ §ÿ ≥ ¿ “ æ ¡ “ µ √ ∞ “ π „ π Àπ૬∫√‘°“√ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘ ®—ßÀ«—¥¢Õπ·°àπ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫

ª“π°≈“ß ·µà·µ°µà“ß®“°°“√»÷°…“¢Õß°√·°â«

(2548) æ∫«à“ °“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√„π°“√®—¥

√–∫∫ “√ π‡∑»¥â“π à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õ߇®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë ºŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫°“√®—¥°“√√–∫∫ “√ π‡∑»¥â“π àß

‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ„π‚√ß欓∫“≈™ÿ¡™π„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫

¢Õß»Ÿπ¬åÕπ“¡—¬∑’Ë 6 Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫µË” ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“

√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß∑ÿ°¥â“π ·≈–

¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬ Ÿß∑’Ë ÿ¥ §◊Õ¥â“π«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å §à“‡©≈’ˬ

3.49 (S.D.= 7.8)

3. √–¥—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë

¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥

ÀπÕߧ“¬

‚¥¬¿“æ√«¡ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫¡“° §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.60 (SD = 0.51)  Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“¢Õß Õ‘π∑‘√“

(2548)æ∫«à“°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¥â“π∫√‘°“√‚¥¬√«¡

¢Õß欓∫“≈«‘™“™’æ„π»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π ®—ßÀ«—¥

¢Õπ·°àπÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß ·µà·µ°µà“ß®“°°“√»÷°…“

¢ÕßÀ“≠ (2548) æ∫«à“ °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¥â“π°“√

∫√‘À“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢„π»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π®—ßÀ«—¥

π§√√“™ ’¡“ Õ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß ·≈–®“°°“√

 —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷° æ∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡§◊Õ ªí≠À“Õÿª √√§ §◊Õ °“√√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ß“π∑’ˉ¡àµ√ßµ“¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë ∑”„Àâß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’ˉ¡à  “¡“√∂∑”‰¥âÕ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë·≈–§√∫∑ÿ°¥â“π

‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“  à«π„À≠à Õ ¬Ÿà „ π √ – ¥— ∫ ¡ “ ° · ≈ – ¥â “ π ∑’Ë ¡’ §à “ ‡ © ≈’Ë ¬  Ÿ ß ∑’Ë  ÿ ¥ §◊ Õ

°“√«“ß·ºπ·≈–°“√ª√–¡«≈º≈ªí≠À“ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

§à“‡©≈’ˬ 4.13 (S.D.= 0.62) √Õß≈ß¡“§◊Õ ¥â“π°“√

«‘‡§√“–Àå√–∫∫ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.76 (S.D.= 0.62) µ“¡≈”¥—∫  à«π¥â“π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫

ª“π°≈“ß·≈–¡’§à“‡©≈’ˬπâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥§◊Õ ¥â“π°“√

„À⧔ª√÷°…“·π–π”¥â“π«‘™“°“√ §à“‡©≈’ˬ 3.25 (S.D.= 0.82)

4. §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–

°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°“√

ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈

®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

1) §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈

º≈°“√»÷°…“ æ∫«à“‡æ» Õ“¬ÿ  ∂“π¿“æ  ¡√  √–¥—∫°“√»÷°…“ √“¬‰¥â ª√– ∫°“√≥å∑’Ë ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

2) ·√ß®Ÿß„®

º≈°“√»÷°…“ æ∫«à“ ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®·≈–ªí®®—¬

§È”®ÿπ ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ Ÿß∑“ß∫«° (r=0.534, p-value<0.001, r=0.552, p-value<0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫) ·≈–ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫

ª“π°≈“ß∑“ß∫«° (r=0.534, p-value<0.001)  Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“¢Õß æ™√æ√ (2549) æ∫«à“ ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å √–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß

∑ “ ß ∫ « ° °— ∫ ° “ √ ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π ¢ Õ ß § ≥ – ° √ √ ¡ ° “ √ ª√– “πß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫Õ”‡¿Õ ®—ßÀ«—¥

¢Õπ·°àπ (r= 0.582, p-value<0.001) ·≈–

®“°°“√»÷°…“¢Õß °√·°â« (2548) æ∫«à“ ·√ß®Ÿß„®

ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„® ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π

°≈“ß∑“ß∫«°°—∫§«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√®—¥√–∫∫ “√

 π‡∑»¥â“π à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕߺŸâ√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫°“√

®—¥°“√√–∫∫ “√ π‡∑»¥â“π à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ„π

‚√ß欓∫“≈™ÿ¡™π„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫¢Õß»Ÿπ¬åÕπ“¡—¬

∑’Ë 6 °“√»÷°…“¢Õß ≥‘™“ (2547) æ∫«à“ ·√ß®Ÿß„®

ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„® ·≈–ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫

ª“π°≈“ß∑“ß∫«°°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑

Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õ߇®â“æπ—°ß“π∑—πµ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈

„π‡¢µ 6 ·≈–®“°°“√»÷°…“¢Õß  —ߧ¡ (2546) æ∫«à“·√ß®Ÿß„® ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„® ·≈–ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ ¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß∑“ß∫«°°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π

„π°“√„Àâ∫√‘°“√À≈—°„π»Ÿπ¬å ÿ¢¿“æ™ÿ¡™π ®—ßÀ«—¥

ÀπÕß∫—«≈”¿Ÿ ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“ ªí®®—¬

®Ÿß„®∑ÿ°¥â“π·≈–ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ∑ÿ°¥â“π ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å

∑“ß∫«° ¥â“π∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ Ÿß∑“ß∫«°§◊Õ

¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—«  à«π¥â“πÕ◊ËπÊ ¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß∑“ß∫«° ·≈–®“°°“√

 —¡¿“…≥å·∫∫‡®“–≈÷°æ∫«à“ ·√ß®Ÿß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

ß “ π ∑’Ë ® – ∑” „ Àâ ° “ √ ª Ø‘ ∫— µ‘ ß “ π ¡’ ª √ –  ‘ ∑ ∏‘ ¿ “ æ §◊ Õ

°“√„À⇰’¬√µ‘ °“√¬°¬àÕ߇™‘¥™Ÿ §«“¡™◊Ëπ™¡„π º≈ß“π∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ °“√„À⧫“¡ ”§—≠ °“√¬Õ¡√—∫

·≈–‡™◊ËÕ¡—Ëπ ¢«—≠°”≈—ß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π °“√ àß

‡ √‘¡°“√∑”ß“πÕ¬à“ß¡’§«“¡ ÿ¢ °“√‰¥â√—∫√“ß«—≈/

 ‘ËßµÕ∫·∑𠇙àπ °“√æ‘®“√≥“§«“¡¥’§«“¡™Õ∫

§à“µÕ∫·∑π„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π œ≈œ  à«πªí≠À“

Õÿª √√§‡°’ˬ«°—∫·√ß®Ÿß„®„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π §◊Õ

≈—°…≥–ß“π∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫®“°°“√¡Õ∫À¡“¬ß“π

‰¡à Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫∫∑∫“∑·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ§«“¡ “¡“√∂

µ≈Õ¥®π‰¡àÕ◊ÈÕµàÕ°“√æ—≤𓧫“¡√Ÿâ §«“¡ “¡“√∂

∑”„À⧫“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πÀπâ“∑’Ë°“√ß“π™â“°«à“µ”·Àπàß Õ◊Ëπ„πÀπ૬ߓπ ·≈–°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß°≈à“««à“ ç°“√¡Õ∫

À¡“¬≈—°…≥–ß“π§«√µ√ß°—∫∫∑∫“∑·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ

§«“¡ “¡“√∂ ‡æ◊ËÕ®–∑”„Àâ¡’‡«≈“„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π

„Àâµ√ß°—∫∫∑∫“∑ ‡™àπ ¡’‡«≈“„π°“√∑”ß“π«‘®—¬

‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπé

3) °“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√

º≈°“√»÷°…“æ∫«à“ °“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°

Õߧ尓√¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ Ÿß∑“ß∫«° (r=0.396, p-value<0.001) ‡¡◊ËÕæ‘®“√≥“√“¬¥â“πæ∫«à“ °“√

 π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√¥â“πß∫ª√–¡“≥ ¥â“π∫ÿ§≈“°√

·≈–¥â“π°“√∫√‘À“√¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß

∑“ß∫«° (r=0.372, p-value<0.001, r=0.348, p-value<0.001, r=0.340, p-value<0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫)  à«π¥â“π«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å ¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å

√–¥—∫µË”∑“ß∫«° (r=0.231, p-value<0.001)  Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫°“√»÷°…“À≈“¬∑à“π§◊Õ ®“°°“√»÷°…“

¢Õß æ™√æ√ (2549) æ∫«à“º≈°“√»÷°…“·√ß®Ÿß„®

∑’Ë¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õߧ≥–°√√¡°“√

ª√– “πß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫Õ”‡¿Õ ®—ßÀ«—¥

¢Õπ·°àπ æ∫«à“ ·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ ¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ Ÿß∑“ß∫«° ·≈–ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¡’§«“¡

 —¡æ—π∏å√–¥—∫ª“π°≈“ß

5. §ÿ≥≈—°…≥– à«π∫ÿ§§≈ ·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–

°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π µ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬

µ—«·ª√Õ‘ √–∑’Ë∂Ÿ°π”‡¢â“ ¡°“√ §◊Õ ªí®®—¬

§È”®ÿπ¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—« ªí®®—¬ ®Ÿß„®

¥â“𧫓¡°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·Àπàß ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“π π‚¬∫“¬„π°“√∫√‘À“√ ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡√—∫

º‘¥™Õ∫ ·≈–ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“π°“√¬Õ¡√—∫π—∫∂◊Õ

‚¥¬¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘∑’Ë√–¥—∫ 0.05

°“√„™â°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå∂¥∂Õ¬æÀÿ§Ÿ≥·∫∫

¢—ÈπµÕπ ´÷Ëß®–§—¥‡≈◊Õ°µ—«·ª√∑’Ë¡’πÈ”Àπ—°„π°“√

欓°√≥åµ—«·ª√µ“¡¡“°°«à“‡¢â“ ¡°“√ ·≈–®“°

°“√∑¥ Õ∫π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘µ‘·≈–§à“ —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï

°“√∂¥∂Õ¬¢Õßµ—«·ª√Õ‘ √–„π ¡°“√¥â«¬ ∂‘µ‘

∑¥ Õ∫ t æ∫«à“§à“ p-value ¢Õßµ—«·ª√Õ‘ √–

„π ¡°“√¡’§à“πâÕ¬°«à“ 0.05 µ—«·ª√∑’Ë¡’πÈ”Àπ—°

„π°“√欓°√≥åµ—«·ª√µ“¡‰¥â¡“°®–¡’§à“ p-value πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ ‚¥¬æ∫«à“ §à“ p-value ¢Õß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ

®“°Õߧ尓√ªí®®—¬§È”®ÿπ¥â“π™’«‘µ§«“¡‡ªìπÕ¬Ÿà à«πµ—«

ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“𧫓¡°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·Àπàß ªí®®—¬

§È”®ÿπ¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬„π°“√∫√‘À“√ ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“π

§«“¡√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ ·≈–ªí®®—¬®Ÿß„®¥â“π°“√¬Õ¡√—∫

π—∫∂◊Õ (p-value<0.001, p-value<0.001, p-value<0.001, pvalue=<0.001 ·≈– p-value=

<0.001 µ“¡≈”¥—∫) · ¥ß«à“ µ—«·ª√Õ‘ √–°“√

¬Õ¡√—∫π—∫∂◊Õ ‡ªìπµ—«·ª√∑’Ë¡’πÈ”Àπ—°„π°“√

欓°√≥åµ—«·ª√µ“¡‰¥â¡“°°«à“µ—«·ª√Õ◊ËπÊ „π ¡°“√

‚¥¬√«¡µ—«·ª√„π ¡°“√√à«¡°—π欓°√≥å°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘

ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬‰¥â √âÕ¬≈– 53.3 (R² =0.728) Õ∏‘∫“¬‰¥â«à“ µ—«·ª√∑’ˇ¢â“ Ÿà ¡°“√

∑—Èß 5 µ—«¥—ß°≈à“«‡ªìπµ—«·ª√∑’Ë “¡“√∂√à«¡°—π 欓°√≥å°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“߉¥â¥’∑’Ë ÿ¥

¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–

1. ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–‡™‘ßπ‚¬∫“¬

1) § « √ ¡’ ° “ √  à ß ‡   √‘ ¡ „ Àâ π— ° «‘ ™ “ ° “ √  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈¡’‚Õ°“ §‘¥„π‡™‘ß √â“ß √√§å Õ¬à“߇µÁ¡∑’Ë·≈–„ÀâÕ‘ √–„π°“√§‘¥À“·π«∑“ß„π°“√

æ—≤π“ß“π

2) §«√¡’°“√ π—∫ πÿπ„Àâπ—°«‘™“°“√

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈¡’§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„πµ”·Àπàß Àπâ“∑’Ë√“™°“√‡À¡“– ¡°—∫√–¬–‡«≈“∑’˪ؑ∫—µ‘ß“π

3) §«√ π—∫ πÿπ„Àâß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑

Àπâ“∑’Ë ∑’Ëπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫

Õ¬Ÿà„πªí®®ÿ∫—𠇪ìπß“π∑’Ë à߇ √‘¡§«“¡°â“«Àπâ“„π µ”·ÀπàßÀπâ“∑’Ë√“™°“√

4) ºŸâ∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠™“ §«√‡Õ“„®„ à„π  ¿“æ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫

µ”∫≈Õ¬à“ß ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ √«¡‰ª∂÷ß°“√¡Õ∫π‚¬∫“¬

° “ √ ¥” ‡ π‘ π ß “ π „ Àâ ¡’ § « “ ¡ ™— ¥ ‡ ® π · ≈ – ‡ ªì π ‰ ª „ π

∑‘»∑“߇¥’¬«°—π ·≈– à߇ √‘¡„Àâ¡’‚Õ°“ · ¥ß§«“¡

§‘¥‡ÀÁπ‡æ◊ËÕÀ“·π«∑“ß„π°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π¢ÕßÀπ૬ߓπ 5) ºŸâ∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠™“§«√ à߇ √‘¡„Àâ¡’°“√

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À√◊Õ„À⧔¬°¬àÕß™¡‡™¬ ‡¡◊Ëժؑ∫—µ‘ß“π ”‡√Á®µ“¡

‡ªÑ“À¡“¬ √«¡∂÷ß à߇ √‘¡„Àâ¡’‚Õ°“ ‡ªìπµ—«·∑π

„π°“√𔇠πÕº≈ß“π

6) §«√¡’°“√®—¥Õ∫√¡‡æ◊ËÕ‡æ‘Ë¡∑—°…–

„π°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå√–∫∫ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ¥â“π√–∫∫ß“π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ¥â“π°“√«‘®—¬ ·≈–§«√¡’°“√®—¥µ—Èß

»Ÿπ¬å«‘™“°“√‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπ·À≈àß„π°“√æ—≤π“Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ

¥â“πµà“ßÊ „π®—ßÀ«—¥

7) §«√æ—≤π“°“√«“ß√–∫∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“«

 “√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢·≈–ß“πæ—≤π“√–∫∫ “√ π‡∑»

‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®—¥°“√ ‡™àπ°“√®—¥Õ∫√¡‚ª√·°√¡„πß“π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ °“√®—¥À“«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å ”À√—∫°“√æ—≤π“

¢â Õ ¡Ÿ ≈ ¢à “ «   “ √   “ ∏ “ √ ≥  ÿ ¢ · ≈ – ß “ π æ— ≤ π “ √ – ∫ ∫  “√ π‡∑»‡æ◊ËÕ°“√®—¥°“√

2. ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π– ”À√—∫ºŸâªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“π 1) π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈

„π®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ §«√¡’°“√»÷°…“À“§«“¡√Ÿâ

‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ¡’°“√∑”ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ ‡æ◊ËÕ‡æ‘Ë¡

§«“¡√Ÿâ §«“¡‡¢â“„® ‚¥¬‡©æ“–∫∑∫“∑¥â“π°“√«‘®—¬

°“√«‘‡§√“–Àå√–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ °“√ —߇§√“–Àå

√–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ À√◊Õ°“√ à߇ √‘¡«‘™“°“√¢Õß

∫ÿ§≈“°√„πÀπ૬ߓπÀ√◊Õ™ÿ¡™π ‡ªìπµâπ

2) π—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ „π

®—ßÀ«—¥ÀπÕߧ“¬ §«√‡æ‘Ë¡°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡

∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢„Àâ¡“°¢÷Èπ

‡™àπ °“√∫√‘°“√«‘™“°“√ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢·°à™ÿ¡™π °“√®—¥

∑” ß “ π «‘ ®— ¬ ¥â “ π ° “ √ ∫ √‘ ° “ √ · ≈ – ¥â “ π ° “ √ ∫ √‘ À “ √

·≈–°“√®—¥∑”·ºπæ—≤π“∫ÿ§≈“°√„π™ÿ¡™π„À⇪ìπ

√Ÿª∏√√¡ ‡ªìπµâπ

3. ¢âÕ‡ πÕ·π–„π°“√»÷°…“§√—ÈßµàÕ‰ª 1) §«√¡’°“√»÷°…“·√ß®Ÿß„®·≈–°“√

 π—∫ πÿπ®“°Õߧ尓√∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡

∫ ∑ ∫ “ ∑ À πâ “ ∑’Ë ¢ Õ ß π— ° «‘ ™ “ ° “ √   “ ∏ “ √ ≥  ÿ ¢ √ – ¥— ∫ µ”∫≈ ‡ªìπ√–¥—∫‡¢µ √–¥—∫¿“§À√◊Õ√–¥—∫ª√–‡∑»

2) §«√¡’°“√»÷°…“ªí®®—¬Õ◊Ëπ∑’ËÕ“®¡’º≈

µàÕ°“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ß“πµ“¡∫∑∫“∑Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õßπ—°«‘™“°“√

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢√–¥—∫µ”∫≈ ‡™àπ ªí®®—¬·≈–°√–∫«π°“√

∫√‘À“√ ∫√√¬“°“»„πÕߧ尓√ ‚§√ß √â“ßÕߧ尓√

‡ªìπµâπ

°‘µµ‘°√√¡ª√–°“»

¢Õ¢Õ∫§ÿ≥∫—≥±‘µ«‘∑¬“≈—¬ ¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬

¢ Õ π · °à π ∑’Ë „ Àâ ∑ÿ π Õÿ ¥ À πÿ π · ≈ –  à ß ‡   √‘ ¡ ° “ √ ∑”

«‘∑¬“π‘æπ∏å ª√–®”¿“§ª≈“¬ ªï°“√»÷°…“ 2549