Purpose: This project aims to use the Montessori method to support children in learning about different types of marine animals and to understand that the ocean is being threatened by pollution from humans on land and from natural causes. Method: In my study, I use the pre-test and post-test in the research and a data table was created to record the children's answers to the two questions. What kind of sea animals do you know?” "Do you know what kind of garbage is in the ocean?"; During the project, the children were introduced to different types of marine animals, including fish, sea turtles, sharks, whales, starfish, walruses, seals, sea lions, octopuses, devil fishes, dolphins, crabs and lobsters.
到我的项目结束时，大多数孩子都能认出海洋动物的名字，了解海洋环境因污染而变得越来越糟，大多数孩子能分享海洋中不同类型的垃圾。教学方法和相关教材帮助幼儿认识不同的海洋动物，了解人类和自然污染对海洋环境的威胁。本研究采用行动研究的方法，进行前测和后测分析，了解儿童的学习效果。为了收集数据并分析结果，参与者在测试前后与研究人员进行了一对一的访谈，回答了两个问题，包括“你认识哪种海洋动物？”和“你知道海洋里有什么垃圾吗？”。在落实海洋动物、了解海洋污染的同时，研究人员向幼儿介绍了几种海洋动物，包括鱼类、海龟、鲨鱼、鲸鱼、海星、海象、海豹、海狮、章鱼、蝠鲼、海豚、螃蟹和龙虾。另一方面，孩子们试图了解世界海洋污染问题以及污染对海洋动物的影响。这项研究历时约两个月，涉及 19 名 3 至 6 岁的儿童。学习结束后，大部分孩子都知道了不同海洋动物的名字，并了解到海洋环境因污染而日益恶化，
这些幼儿中的许多人能够更好地分享海洋中的各种污染物。最后，幼儿学习保护海洋动物的重要性，逐渐了解海洋与人类的关系关键词：海洋动物、海洋污染、蒙特梭利、3至6岁。
Introduction
I set two goals in my project, including recognizing different types of marine life and understanding the problem of ocean pollution.
Purpose of The Study
Definition of Terms
LITERATURE REVIEW
Benefits of knowing the marine animal and problem of ocean
Sensitive periods are a specific time during development when the child is biologically ready and receptive to acquire a particular skill or ability. When the child has hands-on practical life experience, the child can increase intelligence and ability to interact. Children will be interested in learning and will focus on the materials and will be ready to repeat, self-correct in the exercise and start exploring nature. observed in the child's development which is called "Normalization".
We demonstrate the material to child, child can create many variations to use the material, it depends on their creative and imagination. In the classroom, the child is free to do anything, they can learn through self-correction, through repeated work on material. This material is designed to aid a child's development by leading the child, through use and manipulation, to eventual mental abstraction of the concepts related to the material.
The teacher just observes their performance and takes notes, and then fines the opportunity to test the child or present the material again. Children working on these materials can learn more about sea animals and the reasons for ocean pollution.
METHODS
Measures
Procedures
Data Analysis
In the pre-test I discover that most of the children know that the sea animals live in the sea, so they consider that sea animal cannot leave the sea. Most of the children know that the sea animals live in the sea, so they think that sea animal cannot leave the sea. Especially the younger child thinks that there is no garbage in our sea, because the sea is home to marine animals.
In the "Sea Animals" project, the children love the sea animal materials so much that they will constantly repeat the work on the material and always ask me for a lesson. The child puts the cards with 4 stories in a row and creates a card with a story about sea animals. A post-test confirmed that more than 87.9% of children know all the names of sea animals and more than 86.1% of children understand the problem of ocean pollution.
The Hong Kong Ocean Park tour guide can present more information about the marine animals and the location of HK Ocean. In conclusion, I believe that this "Sea Animals" project is really successful and that this project allows children to learn about different types of sea animals and understand the serious problem of ocean pollution.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Descriptive Statistics of The Study
By the end of the project, over 87.9% of the children knew the entire name of the sea animal; 100% of the children knew fish, sea turtles, sharks, octopuses, dolphins and crabs. Furthermore, 100% of children were able to understand that the plastic bag is the most serious problem of ocean pollution; 17 children can share plastic bottles and plastic boxes are the famous litter in the ocean. In addition, over 86.1% of children who understand that there are many types of trash in the ocean included plastic bottles, plastic bags, plastic boxes, paper, straws, and beverage cans.
Results and Discussion
See the result of this project, the post test confirmed that the project was quite successful. Many children will take the initiative to search the marine animal book or the information and pay attention to some news about marine pollution. Ask the child to show the picture: "Show me the devil fish." "Point to the whale."
The child picks up the marine debris with a drainage spoon. plastic bag, plastic bottle, paper box, wood...). Introduce that there is so much trash in the ocean, so we need to help sea animals clean up their homes. Tell the child that we will use an exchange card to get to the sea turtle.
However, humans have changed the original state of the ocean and destroyed the marine ecosystem. Marine debris invades their homes and even endangers their lives, causing damage to the body and mind of sea creatures. Man has the responsibility to protect our natural environment, let all the marine animals have a peaceful home.
When I start this project in the future, I will arrange the study trip to the Hong Kong Ocean Park, and I will invite all children to visit the Protect the marine exhibition. Some marine animals such as walruses, seals and sea lions are difficult to see in children's life, which is why many children did not know that they belong to marine animals. Also, even garbage far away from the ocean can eventually float or blow into the ocean, we can participate in a clean-up, help clean the local beach, collect the garbage before it ends up in the sea, save the sea creature together.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION…
Suggestion
Limitations and Future Directions
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