The databases included Medline, Scopus, PubMed, as well as Cochrane available between the month of January 1990 to January 2021. Legumes as well as other food plants have significant benefits in the prevention as well as the management of long-term diseases [4]. Plantain belongs to the family of flowering plants that are eaten ripe or unripe using different methods of processing techniques, boiled as well as fried.
With a better anti-oxidation ability, okra is known to reduce the oxidation of lipids, as well as to increase the amount of Superoid Dismutase (SOD), Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase (CAT), as well as Glutathione (GSH). Production procedures for nanoparticles can be performed easily as well as valid amid wide variable medications. Chitosan nanogel has been applied to manage production and distribution of cell in the body, gastrointestinal disorders (GIT) disorder, heart disorder and to channel medication reaching the central nervous system as well as eye impurities.
Therefore, the user of nanoparticles is required to carefully assemble the preferred chemical and physical properties of chitosan, as well as the expected biosystem, using the chitosan processing technique. Exert anti-hyperglycemic effects due to the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities by their essential phytochemicals as well as their amylose/amylopectin content in diabetic rats. Fruits and seeds, however, significantly (p<0.05) reduced total phenolic content as well as their free radical scavenging capacity.
Cross-linking of nanolayers and development of complexes enabled superior insulin loading capacity (0.90%) as well as improved stability of 74%.
Methods
Strategy for Information Investigation
We synthesized proxies in statistical terms, using a prototypical non-systematic effects meta-analysis based on the assumption that comparator and procedural heterogeneity is still likely to occur and influence the results [ 45 , 46 ]. We used moderator effect regression to evaluate differences between studies, and we also considered 95% CIs using moderator analysis (moment estimation technique) (Figure 1). Moderator analysis showing a strong correlation between moderator and effect size for studies included in the meta-analysis.
Study Name/Subgroup Name
Effect Size
CI Lower Limit
CI Upper
PI Upper
Moderator
Regression of moderator on effect size
Outcomes (Results) 1. Explored Outcomes
Of this number, 417 journal articles were disqualified because the titles and abstracts did not meet our criteria, and the research reports of those journals did not meet the required standards. Characteristics of research involved and intervention rating: T2D The characteristics of the research involved are shown in Table 6. Characteristics of the research involved and intervention rating: T2D The characteristics of the research involved are shown in Table 6.
The effect of the diets on the blood glucose level, pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal and α-glucosidase content of the unripe plantain products was determined. Diabetic rats fed unripe plantain combined feed (810 g/kg) Grp 4 diabetic rats fed unripe plantain and ginger combined feed (710: 100 g/kg). The animals fed with normal diet were used as normal control (negative) Grp and received distilled water (4 ml/kg), and Grp 5 served as standard drug, metformin (300 mg/kg)-treated diabetic rats.
Description of study outcome measures using FP. 48 maledb/db mice, Wt unspecified, Grp-8,. DOCA-GC nanogels were rapidly deposited after pulmonary administration and remained in the lung for approximately 72 hours. The biological activity of the LMWC-exendin-4 conjugate was evaluated in the INS-1 cell line.
Grp group; Weight —Weight; Rts — Rats; FP – Foof plant; BM – bioactive molecules; T toxicity; STZ-Streptozotocin; SL—Sugar Level; NT—Non-toxic; DN – Diabetic neuropathy. The main outcome measure in all included studies was a reduction in blood sugar levels in the animals. Each of the studies was further examined by dividing them into experimental groups: negative diabetes control at baseline and diabetes intervention group (the former received no intervention SFP or NSFP); subgroups were included in the meta-analysis and also had a practically statistically significant positive effect on the studies (Figure 4).
Forest plot showing random effects meta-analysis of mean difference in blood glucose control (mg/dL) based on diabetic intervention and negative diabetic control. Shows random effect meta-analysis of the mean difference in total subgroup analysis for the decrease in blood glucose level (mg/dL). The random effects model was used to assume that there was heterogeneity in the subgroups.
Consequently, the combined effect sizes in the subgroups (AA and BB) were not used. representative of random results; once the situation is assumed to be "true", the outcome dimensions are different). Furthermore, Figure 5 presents the funnel plot for the random effects meta-analysis of the mean difference in the decrease in blood glucose (mg/dL) based on the intervention or negative diabetic control, indicating asymmetry in the distribution of the effect sizes.
Discussion
Due to the large proportion of I2 value (98%) in the studies (Table 4), we examined both the subgroup (Figure 4) and moderator (Figure 5) analyses, which proved that the investigations for meta-analysis from ' a heterogeneous population came. Due to the large proportion of I2 value (98%) in the studies (Table 4), we examined both the subgroup (Figure 4) and moderator (Figure 5) analyses, which proved that the investigations for meta-analysis from ' a heterogeneous population came. Regarding regression on moderator effect size (Figure 4), there was an observable strong correlation between moderator as well as perceived influence dimensions.
This was long established with significant outcomes in the significance test of regression loading p<0.05 (Table8). Meta-analysis of the diabetic intervention subgroup showed reduced hyperglycemia against blood sugar negative regulator. However, studies of subgroup AA (diabetic intervention) affected much of the basis for the overall decrease in blood glucose level, as these studies were studies that had as primary outcome measure the decrease in blood glucose and secondary outcome measures including increase in body weight, inhibition of α-amylase andα-glucosidase, as well as neuropathy.
The subgroup studies included in the meta-analysis gave results that were consistent with the different analyzes that proved the heterogeneity of the six studies that formed the I2 value (Forest parography, subgroup analysis, moderator analysis and publication bias analysis [45]). As a consequence of this development, the overall pooled effect sizes from the meta-analysis (Partera forest) were not useful due to the non-homogeneous studies included (not from a single population sampled population) [45,49 ]. We reflected on the value of the evidence which was quite low due to the following explanations: the included investigation remained at 50% high risk of bias and 50% at low risk of bias; with the high-risk bias resulting from the designed protocol [44].
For example, the diabetic intervention populations that also had weight change, enzyme inhibition, and neuropathy differed from the diabetic intervention population by a sustained release time. Ten of the eighteen studies included in the systematic review were studies based on the SFP and NSFP (coconut yam, soybean cake, cassava fiber, and rice bran), while eight studies used only chitosan to encapsulate active biocompounds. This proved the potency and efficacy of the intervention, both in the short and long term.
Our search strategy could have excluded abstracts and full-text articles that were published in languages other than English. This omission may have affected the number of studies included in the meta-analysis and the nature of the outcome in relation to a more homogeneous population [14,17].
Conclusions and Future Implication
Contribution of Musa paradisiaca to inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and Angiotensin-I converting enzyme in streptozotocin-induced rats.Life Sci. Effect of unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) on blood glucose, body weight and food intake of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochem. Use of unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) in the management of diabetes and liver dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Interv.
Nutritional, antioxidant and inhibitory properties of cookies enriched with cocoa nib powder on key enzymes associated with type 2 diabetes. Int. A consensus statement from EURECA and the DIABESITY working groups of ERA-EDTA.Nephrol. Anti-diabetic effects of the ethanol extract of a functional formula diet in rats fed a combined high-fructose/fat diet.J.
Effects of hot water treatment on phenolic phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus).Elec. Enhancement of total phenolics and antioxidant properties in some tropical green leafy vegetables by steam cooking.J. Assessment of nutritional quality, glycemic index, antidiabetic and sensory properties of plantain (Musa paradisiaca) based functional dough meals.J.
Effect of cooking and roasting on the antidiabetic activity of Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) fruits and seeds in type 2 diabetic rats. J. Antidiabetic effects of yam (Dioscorea batatas) and its active ingredient, allantoin, in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Nutrients. Effect of chitosan cross-linking on the properties of alginate microparticles with metformin chloride - in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Molecules.
Antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic activity of Musa paradisiaca-based diet in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Food Sci. Ameliorative potentials of Cocoyam (Colocasia esculentaL.) and unripe plantain (Musa paradisiacaL.) on the relative tissue weights of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.J. Hak, T.; Van Rhee, H.J.; Suurmond, R. How to interpret results of meta-analysis? Version 1.3; Erasmus Rotterdam Institute of Management: Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 2016.
