Umm Al-Qura University
College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture Summer training 2
Summer Training (2) Report
Conducted at Saudi Investment Recycling Company (SIRC)
Yazeed Dakhel Almutairi
Mechanical Engineering Department University ID Number: 441004955
Abstract
This summer training report focuses on my experience as a mechanical engineering student at the Saudi Investment Recycling Company (SIRC). SIRC, established in 2017, aims to address waste management challenges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and invest in the circular economy sector. The report highlights SIRC's mission to revolutionize waste management practices, drive sustainable solutions, and promote resource optimization. It discusses my participation with the company's role in transforming the waste management landscape in Saudi Arabia through strategic investments and the integration of circular economy principles. The tasks during the training included evaluating key performance indicators (KPIs) for the CDW facility's operational plan, assisting in the preparation and maintenance of crushing machines, and providing support in writing daily reports for the Operation Department. These tasks provided valuable hands-on experience and gave me the key to the knowledge of waste management operations, equipment maintenance, and reporting procedures.
Acknowledgement
Many thanks to the Summer Training Administration at College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture and Eng. Raed Alharbi the head operation department at Saudi Investment Recycling Company (SIRC) for Their support and this valuable
opportunity. Also, a special thank you for Dr. Saleh Bawazir my academic summer
training supervisor for his constant care and guidance during the training program and
providing feedback and support while writing the report.
Table of content
Abstract (2)
Acknowledgement (3)
Table of content (4)
1.1 Company's background (5)
1.1.2 Mission and role of sirc (5)
1.1.3 SIRC's vision and objectives (5)
1.2 Waste management (6)
1.2.1 Waste Management in Saudi Arabia and the Future with SIRC Leading the Circular Economy (6) 1.2.2 Current State of Waste Management in Saudi Arabia (6) 1.2.3 SIRC's Role in Leading the Circular Economy (6) 1.2.4 Future Prospects with SIRC's Leadership (7) 1.3 Types of waste (7) 1.3.1 Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) (8) 1.3.2 Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) (8) 1.3.3 Medical Waste (8)
1.3.4 Industrial Waste (8) 1.3.5 Lubricants (8) 1.3.6 Used Cooking Oil (8) 1.3.7 Tires (9)
1.3.8 Metal and WEEE
(9)
1.3.9 Sewage (& Sludge) (9)
1.3.10 End-of-Life Vehicles (9)
1.3.11 Batteries (9)
1.3.12 Off-shore/Oil Spill Waste (9)
1.3.13 Greeneries (9)
1.3.14 Mining Waste (10) 2 CDW operations in Jeddah landfill (11) 2.1.1 SIRC's CDW Operations at Jeddah Landfill Facility (11) 2.1.2 CDW Input Quantities (11)
2.1.3 Recycled CDW Quantities (11)
2.1.4 Rejected CDW Quantities (12)
2.2 Tasks Assigned by Eng. Raed Alharbi during Summer Training at SIRC (14)
2.2.1 Evaluation of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) (14)
2.2.2 Preparation of Crushing Machines for CDW (14)
Conclusion (17)
References (18)
Recommendation
(19)
1.1- Company's background
1.1.1- Saudi Investment Recycling Company (SIRC)
The Saudi Investment Recycling Company (SIRC) was established in 2017 under the High Order by the Public Investment Fund. It serves as a significant step towards addressing the waste management challenges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and investing in the circular economy sector.
1.1.2- Mission and Role of SIRC
SIRC was founded with the mission to revolutionize waste management practices across the KSA regions. It aims to act as the execution arm for circular economy investments, driving sustainable waste management solutions and promoting resource optimization.
Through strategic investments and innovative approaches, SIRC plays a crucial role in transforming the waste management landscape in Saudi Arabia. By integrating circular economy principles, SIRC aims to maximize resource recovery, minimize waste generation, and create a sustainable society.
1.1.3- SIRC's Vision and Objectives
SIRC envisions becoming the national waste management champion, pioneering the circular
economy in Saudi Arabia. Its primary objective is to promote the circular economy as the foundation for waste management practices throughout the country.
Through strategic partnerships, investment initiatives, and technological advancements, SIRC aims to develop a comprehensive waste management infrastructure and create a circular economy ecosystem. This will foster sustainable development, resource conservation, and environmental protection, aligning with the Kingdom's Vision 2030 goals.
1.2- Waste management
1.2.1- Waste Management in Saudi Arabia and the Future with SIRC Leading the Circular Economy
Saudi Arabia has recognized the importance of efficient waste management practices in promoting sustainable development and minimizing environmental impact. The Sustainable Industrial
Recycling Company (SIRC) is at the forefront of waste management initiatives in the country, driving the transition towards a circular economy. In this section, we will discuss the current state of waste management in Saudi Arabia and the future prospects with SIRC's leading role.
1.2.2- Current State of Waste Management in Saudi Arabia
Like many rapidly growing economies, Saudi Arabia faces significant waste management challenges due to increasing population, urbanization, and industrialization. Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW), and Industrial Waste are among the major waste streams generated across the country.
In recent years, the Saudi government has taken substantial steps to improve waste management practices. National policies and regulations have been implemented to promote waste reduction, recycling, and proper disposal. However, there is still a need to enhance waste management infrastructure, encourage public participation, and foster awareness about sustainable waste management practices.
1.2.3- SIRC's Role in Leading the Circular Economy
As a leading waste management company, SIRC plays a crucial role in driving the circular economy paradigm in Saudi Arabia. The adoption of circular economy principles aims to minimize waste generation, maximize resource recovery, and reduce reliance on virgin materials. SIRC contributes to achieving these objectives through its innovative recycling and waste treatment facilities.
SIRC has developed state-of-the-art recycling technologies to effectively process various waste streams, including MSW and CDW. By implementing advanced sorting, separation, and material recovery techniques, SIRC maximizes resource extraction and diverts significant quantities of waste from landfill disposal.
Furthermore, SIRC actively engages in research and development activities to explore new recycling techniques, improve waste treatment processes, and enhance the overall efficiency of waste
management operations. These efforts contribute to the sustainable use of resources, reduced environmental pollution, and the creation of a circular economy model in Saudi Arabia.
1.2.4- Future Prospects with SIRC's Leadership
The future outlook for waste management in Saudi Arabia looks promising with SIRC leading the way. As the circular economy concept gains traction, SIRC is well-positioned to expand its operations, invest in cutting-edge technologies, and establish strategic partnerships with industry stakeholders. This will allow for the integration of innovative waste management practices, efficient material recovery, and resource optimization throughout the country.
Through increased collaboration with the government, municipalities, and private enterprises, SIRC can drive waste management initiatives and foster a culture of sustainability. Education and
awareness programs can be conducted to encourage responsible waste disposal and promote recycling practices among individuals and businesses.
Moreover, SIRC can actively support the development of a robust waste management infrastructure across Saudi Arabia, including the establishment of recycling facilities and waste-to-energy projects.
By leveraging its expertise and experience, SIRC can contribute to reducing waste generation, minimizing landfill dependency, and encouraging the circular flow of materials.
In conclusion, waste management in Saudi Arabia is evolving towards a more sustainable and circular approach. SIRC's leadership in waste management and commitment to the circular economy position them as a key player in driving these transitions. With continued investment, innovation, and collaboration, SIRC can contribute to a cleaner, greener, and more prosperous future for Saudi Arabia.
1.3- Types of waste
1.3.1- Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is commonly referred to as everyday household waste. It includes materials such as paper, cardboard, plastics, food waste, and other non-hazardous solid waste
generated by households, commercial establishments, and institutions. Proper segregation, recycling, and disposal methods are essential to reduce the volume of MSW sent to landfills.
1.3.2- Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW)
Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) refers to the waste generated during construction, renovation, and demolition activities. It includes materials like concrete, bricks, metals, wood, and packaging materials. Recycling and reuse of CDW materials play a crucial role in conserving resources and reducing the environmental impact of construction projects.
1.3.3- Medical Waste
Medical Waste comprises hazardous materials generated in healthcare facilities, such as hospitals, clinics, and laboratories. This waste includes sharps (needles, scalpels), biological waste (blood- soaked materials), and pharmaceutical waste. Proper handling, segregation, and treatment of medical waste are critical to prevent environmental contamination and ensure the safety of healthcare
workers and the general public.
1.3.4- Industrial Waste
Industrial Waste refers to waste materials generated by manufacturing, processing, and other
industrial operations. It includes various types of solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes, depending on the industry. Common examples of industrial waste include chemicals, solvents, heavy metals, and contaminated water. Implementing efficient waste management practices and promoting pollution prevention programs are essential to minimize the impact of industrial waste on the environment.
1.3.5- Lubricants
Lubricants are essential in machinery and equipment to reduce friction and wear. However, these lubricants eventually become waste as they degrade or become contaminated. Improper disposal of lubricants can lead to soil and water pollution. Proper collection, recycling, and re-refining of used lubricants can help reduce the environmental impact of this waste and conserve valuable resources.
1.3.6- Used Cooking Oil
Used Cooking Oil (UCO) is generated in large quantities by the foodservice industry. Improper disposal of UCO can cause clogging of sewage systems and environmental pollution. However, UCO can be recycled into biodiesel or used in other renewable energy applications. Effective collection and recycling programs for UCO play a crucial role in waste management and promoting sustainable energy alternatives.
1.3.7- Tires
Tires are a significant waste stream globally. Improper tire disposal can lead to environmental hazards, such as tire fires and mosquito breeding grounds. However, tires can be recycled or repurposed for various applications, including asphalt production and playground surfaces. Proper collection and recycling programs for end-of-life tires help reduce waste and promote sustainable resource utilization.
1.3.8- Metal and WEEE
Metal waste comprises various metals and alloys, including steel, aluminum, copper, and precious metals, while WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) includes discarded electronic devices and appliances. Both types of waste contain valuable resources that can be recovered through recycling processes, reducing the need for new resource extraction and minimizing environmental impact.
1.3.9- Sewage (& Sludge)
Sewage waste includes domestic and industrial wastewater, while sludge refers to the solid residue generated during wastewater treatment processes. Proper treatment and disposal of sewage and sludge are crucial to prevent water pollution and protect public health. Innovative technologies for wastewater treatment and sludge management can help maximize resource recovery and minimize environmental impact.
1.3.10- End-of-Life Vehicles
End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) refer to automobiles that have reached the end of their operational
Batteries, both non-rechargeable (e.g., alkaline batteries) and rechargeable (e.g., lithium-ion batteries), are extensively used in various applications. Improper disposal of batteries can release toxic chemicals into the environment. Implementing battery recycling programs helps recover valuable metals and reduces the environmental impact associated with battery waste.
1.3.12- Off-shore/Oil Spill Waste
Off-shore or oil spill waste refers to waste materials generated during offshore drilling and oil spill response activities. This waste includes spilled oil, oily debris, and contaminated materials. Proper containment, cleanup, and disposal methods are crucial to minimize the ecological impact of offshore operations and oil spills.
1.3.13- Greeneries
Greeneries waste includes yard trimmings,foliage, and other organic materials generated from landscaping, gardening, and agricultural activities. Proper composting and mulching techniques can help divert green waste from landfills and promote its beneficial use in soil enrichment and nutrient cycling.
1.3.14- Mining Waste
Mining operations produce a variety of waste materials, including overburden, tailings, and mine water. These wastes often contain high levels of contaminants and require careful management to prevent environmental degradation. Implementing effective waste management practices, such as tailings reprocessing and water treatment, can help mitigate the impact of mining waste on ecosystems.
Understanding the different types of waste generated in various industries is essential for developing targeted waste management strategies. By implementing sustainable waste management practices, industries can reduce their environmental impact, conserve resources, and contribute to a more sustainable future.
2- CDW operations in Jeddah landfill
2.1.1- SIRC's CDW Operations at Jeddah Landfill Facility
At the Jeddah Landfill Facility, the Sustainable Industrial Recycling Company (SIRC) is responsible for managing and processing Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) generated in the region. In this section, we will discuss the daily operations and recycling outcomes at the SIRC facility,
focusing on the input and output quantities of CDW.
On a daily basis, the Jeddah Landfill Facility receives a substantial amount of CDW for processing.
The total CDW entering the facility is approximately 6,929 tons per day. This waste stream
comprises various construction and demolition materials, including concrete, bricks, metals, wood, and packaging materials. Efficient handling and processing of this significant volume of waste is crucial for effective waste management and resource recovery.
2.1.3- Recycled CDW Quantities
Out of the total CDW input, SIRC successfully recycles a significant portion of the waste. The SIRC facility manages to recycle approximately 4,329 tons of CDW per day. This includes the recovery and reuse of materials like concrete aggregates, metals, and wood, which can be utilized in the construction industry for new projects. Effective recycling processes ensure that valuable resources are conserved, reducing the environmental impact associated with CDW disposal.
2.1.4- Rejected CDW Quantities
Despite the recycling efforts, a proportion of the CDW received at the SIRC facility cannot be effectively recycled. The rejected CDW quantity amounts to approximately 2,625 tons per day. The rejected waste may include materials that are contaminated, mixed, or otherwise unsuitable for recycling. Proper identification and segregation of non-recyclable materials are crucial to optimize the recycling process and minimize the volume of CDW that is ultimately rejected.
The significant difference between the recycled and rejected CDW quantities indicates the challenges faced in efficiently recycling all CDW that enters the facility. These challenges may include
limitations in processing capacities, technological constraints, or the inherent properties of certain materials that make recycling economically or technically unfeasible.
To address the issue of rejected CDW, SIRC should continually focus on improving waste characterization, developing advanced recycling technologies, and promoting sustainable construction practices within the region. Collaboration with relevant stakeholders, including construction companies, waste management authorities, and regulatory bodies, is essential for implementing effective strategies to maximize CDW recycling rates.
By enhancing recycling capabilities and finding innovative solutions to address rejected CDW, SIRC can significantly contribute to reducing the environmental impact of construction and demolition activities, conserving resources, and promoting a circular economy in the region. Continuous
monitoring and evaluation of CDW management processes will be crucial in assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of the SIRC facility's operations at the Jeddah Landfill.
2.2- Tasks Assigned by Eng. Raed Alharbi during Summer Training at SIRC
2.2.1- Evaluation of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
During my summer training at the Sustainable Industrial Recycling Company (SIRC), my supervisor Eng. Raed Alharbi assigned me the task of evaluating the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for the operational plan of the CDW facility at the Jeddah Landfill. The purpose of this task was to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the facility's operations and identify areas for improvement.
To accomplish this, I analyzed the KPIs related to CDW processing, such as throughput, recycling rates, waste diversion, operational costs, and adherence to regulatory compliance.
Through data collection and analysis, I assessed the performance of the facility against predetermined targets and benchmarks. This evaluation provided valuable insights into the effectiveness of the operational plan and helped in identifying areas of strength and areas that required improvement.
2.2.2- Preparation of Crushing Machines for CDW
Another task assigned to me by Eng. Raed Alharbi was to work closely with him in preparing the crushing machines for CDW at the Jeddah Landfill facility. This involved ensuring that the machines were calibrated, maintained, and operated in accordance with safety protocols and operational guidelines.
I collaborated with Eng. Raed Alharbi to perform routine maintenance checks, conduct inspections, and troubleshoot any issues that arose during the operation of the crushing machines. This hands-on experience allowed me to gain valuable insight into the operation and maintenance of the machinery used for CDW processing. It also emphasized the importance of equipment reliability, performance, and safety to ensure efficient operations at the facility.
Assistance in Writing Daily Reports for Operation Department
Additionally, my supervisor assigned me the task of providing assistance to the Operation Department in writing daily reports. Eng. Raed Alharbi guided me in compiling accurate and comprehensive reports documenting the daily activities, performance, and challenges encountered by the department.
As part of this task, I collaborated with the Operation Department personnel to gather relevant information, including CDW input quantities, recycling outputs, rejected waste statistics, and any notable incidents or observations. I ensured that the reports were well-structured, organized, and presented in a clear and concise manner.
Writing daily reports enabled me to develop strong communication and reporting skills while gaining a deeper understanding of the daily operations and challenges faced by the department. It also emphasized the significance of effective documentation in monitoring the progress and performance of the CDW facility.
My tasks at SIRC under the guidance of Eng. Raed Alharbi involved several significant tasks.
These included evaluating the KPIs for the operational plan of the CDW facility, assisting in the preparation and maintenance of crushing machines, and providing support in writing daily reports for the Operation Department. These tasks provided valuable hands-on experience and enhanced my knowledge of waste management operations, equipment maintenance, and reporting procedures. I am grateful for the opportunity to contribute to SIRC's endeavors towards sustainable waste management practices.
Conclusion:
The summer training experience at the Saudi Investment Recycling Company (SIRC) has been highly beneficial in gaining practical knowledge and skills related to waste management practices and the circular economy. SIRC's mission to revolutionize waste management practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and promote resource optimization aligns with the company's strategic investments and innovative approaches.
During the training, i had the opportunity to evaluate key performance indicators (KPIs) for the operational plan of the Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) facility at the Jeddah Landfill. This task provided valuable insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of the facility's operations, helping identify areas of strength and areas that required improvement. By analyzing KPIs related to CDW processing, such as throughput, recycling rates, waste diversion, operational costs, and regulatory compliance, also I gained a deeper understanding of assessing performance and identifying opportunities for optimization.
Additionally, I've been actively participated in the preparation and maintenance of crushing machines for CDW at the Jeddah Landfill facility. This hands-on experience allowed me to gain valuable insight into the operation and maintenance of the machinery used for CDW processing. The emphasis on equipment reliability, performance, and safety highlighted the importance of efficient operations at the facility.
Furthermore, the author provided support in writing daily reports for the Operation Department, collaborating with department personnel to gather relevant information and ensure clear and concise documentation of daily activities, performance, and challenges. This task improved my communication and reporting skills while providing a comprehensive understanding of the daily operations and challenges faced by the department.
Overall, the summer training at SIRC provided me valuable hands-on experience and colecting more knowledge of waste management operations, equipment maintenance, and reporting procedures. The opportunity to contribute to SIRC's endeavors towards sustainable waste management practices in the KSA has been greatly appreciated. The experience gained will undoubtedly contribute more professional development as a mechanical engineering student and future career in the field.
References :
- https://sirc.sa/index_ar.html
Recommendation :
Based on my experience during the summer training at SIRC, I highly recommend the
continuation of such programs for students in the field of mechanical engineering. The hands- on experience and exposure to waste management operations, equipment maintenance, and reporting procedures have proven to be invaluable in enhancing my knowledge and skills