It is an instructional guideline that illustrates the key religious rulings associated with the individual Zakat, as per the Fatwas of the Permanent Committee for Scientific Research and Ifta. These guidelines are a compilation of the key religious rulings on individual Zakat as associated with ZAKATY Platform. Paying Zakat is a prominent act of worship; it is described as: "The act of worshiping Allah, the Almighty by paying an obligatory amount." Wealth paid for Zakat is: A small portion, imposed by Islamic Sharia law for good causes.
Zakat is paid for certain beneficiaries as defined, "for a certain type of beneficiaries" comprising eight classes as stated in the Qur'an:. The structure of Islam is built on five: the testimony that no deity deserves worship except Allah and that Muhammad is his worshiper and messenger, observance of prayer, Among the Shariah purposes of zakat is to purify wealth, negate its evil consequences and protect it from abuse or damage.
Zakat is levied on the wealth of minor children and persons lacking mental capacity, and is paid by their guardians. -canonical evidence determines the payment of Zakat on “wealth”, without distinction between adults or youth, sane or insane.
Zakat conditions for wealth
- First Condition
- Wealth falling under two zakatable categories
- Second Condition: Absolute ownership
- Third Condition Reaching the Quorum
- Fourth Condition: Elapse of a full lunar year (Hawl)
- Zakat for Acquired Wealth
If a single wealth falls under two of the four categories, zakat is paid once for both, or twice for both. An example is a Muslim individual who owns sheep for trade; so, such wealth is part of the stock and the trade offers. Answer: A wealth that falls under two categories of the zakatable wealth will be subject to only one type of Zakat.
Among the conditions for the obligation of Zakat is that the wealth is fully owned by the Zakat payer. The Committee issued its fatwas: “As mentioned above, the wealth of the foundation does not belong to an individual, it actually belongs to the charitable institute and is spent on charitable activities in general, such as Dawah (call to Islam), building mosques, and provision for the poor. Zakat is not levied on the undivided estate during the years in which its distribution was delayed due to an excuse, and if each of the heirs is unable to receive his share for any reason beyond their control - such as the closeness or distribution of some of the heirs even if they owned it, because their ownership was incomplete, since none of them may dispose of his share, unless it was shares in commercial enterprises, then Zakat must be levied, because the commercial enterprise has a legal personality independent of the owners.
The assets on which zakat is payable must reach a quorum, which is the minimum amount that determines a person's zakatability. If the zakat ability of the property has been established, the stability of property ownership for the zakat payer, the wealth has reached the quorum amount, the wealth is still not subject to zakat until the full lunar year (354 days) has passed. Meanwhile, the payment of zakat on agricultural crops (grains and fruits) is not conditioned by the flow of juice, but by its harvest, since growth can be immediately reflected in the budding of crops and fruits.
Zakat is due on property after the expiry of 12 lunar months according to the Hijri calendar. Is the Hawl of the new money the same as the Hawl of the first wealth at 1/1. First Class: If there is an increase arising from the growth of wealth itself, such as the profits generated from trade, or the product of grazing cattle, then the Hawl of this increase is the Hawl as principal.
In this case, the zakat payer can pay zakat for all annual salaries upon receipt of the first monthly salary, which is paid once in the entire year.
3 Zakat Categories
- Zakat on cash
- Zakat on Cash
- Zakat on gold and silver
- Zakat on gold mixed with other metals
- Zakat on precious stones
- Zakat on Salaries
- Zakat on debts
- Zakat on trade offers
- Conditions for zakat obligation in trade offers
- Estimating the trade offers and paying its zakat
- Zakat on Stocks
- Zakat on Sukuk
- Zakat on Properties
- Zakat on Real Estate Contributions
- Zakat on Investment Funds
When paper money reaches such a minimum limit alone or by being added to other money or trade offerings, Zakat becomes due at one-fourth of one-tenth (2.5%) if a full lunar year passes in the possession of its owner. The price per grams on the day Zakat is due × the number of grams owned by the Zakat payer = the value of gold or silver that he owns. So whenever the zakat payer requests the debtor to pay the debt, he pays it.
So the zakat payer (creditor) will pay the zakat on this debt at the end of each year, as it is like the money in his hands. For example, if the debtor pays the debit after three years, the zakat payer only has to pay zakat if he receives the debit and one year passes after receiving it. The zakat payer may not deduct the debts he has to pay from his zakat.
For example, if the zakat payer has goods worth SAR 150, and the quorum of silver is SAR 200, then no zakat is due on these goods, as they do not reach the quorum of gold or silver. For example, if he has clothes for the purpose of trading, zakat is due on them. Likewise, if he has cars and intends to trade in them, zakat is due on them.
If he intends otherwise, such as using them, zakat will not be due on them. As for the shares meant for speculation, zakat will be due on them with their profits like trading offers zakat. The price of stock is considered on the day when zakat is due and zakat payer pays the value of a quarter of a tithe.
They will be estimated on the day when zakat is due at the market price, then the zakat payer will pay a quarter of a tenth of their value. If the properties are for trading, as zakat payer buys and sells them with the aim of gaining profit, trading offers will be zakat payable. Zakat payer estimates it on the day when zakat is due and will pay a quarter-tenth of its value.
4.Payment of Zakat
- Deputization in paying zakat
- Time of zakat payment
- Permissible excuses for delaying the payment of zakat
- Zakat Payment in Advance
Delaying the payment of zakat is: Delaying obedience and delaying the right of the poor, and it may lead to destruction or loss of wealth or death or bankruptcy of the zakat payer, so the right of the poor will be lost. Some people may delay it being paid during the holy times, such as Ramadan and the tenth of Dhu Al-Hijja, and this is not permissible unless the delay is small, as if his zakat is to be paid at the end of Sha'ban, then he delays it until the beginning of Ramadan. Anyone who wishes to change the time of his payment of zakat to be during the holy times can change it by paying it before the end of the year in the month of Ramadan.
In such cases, his zakat is paid in advance, as the zakatable money does not complete a year. For example: A Muslim owns SAR 10,000 on 01 Rajab, so it is obligatory to pay zakat on this money on the same date the next year. But if he wants to pay zakat on the first day of Ramadan every year: When the month of Ramadan starts, he will pay zakat on 10,000 that he owned two months ago (01 of Rajab).
Whoever withholds zakat for years is a sinner and must pay zakat for such years as its current value at the time when it became due. Whoever forgets the number of years he withheld zakat: he must pay zakat of those years he is sure about, and if he pays zakat on that which he doubts as a precaution, it is better for him. Whoever died and did not pay zakat on his property, his heirs will exclude him from his inheritance.
Delaying zakat while searching for eligible poor and needy people, such as in a country where there are few poor people or where there are many people who claim to be poor, or where there are few Muslims, so the zakat payer delays searching for a poor Muslim. Zakat can be paid in advance by paying it before the expiry of one year, provided the payer is quorum. For example, a zakat payer owns the quorum on the first day of Safar, and in Rabi' al-Thani he finds one of his poor relatives in need of money, so he can pay his zakat in advance.
However, the next zakat will not be due to him until the first safari of the following year.
5.Zakat Spending
In accordance with the above, the royal order was issued to disburse the Zakat funds collected by ZATCA to the social insurance and empowerment agency at the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development. Zakat can be paid for one type of zakat, such as the poor, and also for one person, because the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to Salamah ibn Sakhr (may Allah be pleased with him). Go to the collector of charity of Banu Zuraiq, and tell him to give it to you). Zakat may not be paid for other than such eight categories, such as charities, mosques, hospitals, etc.
Zakat is better to be paid to relatives who are entitled, who the payer of zakat is not responsible for their livelihood, as the Prophet (peace be upon him!) said. Charity given to the poor is charity, and that which is given to a relative is charity and maintenance of kinship ties).
