However, to achieve highly effective public participation programs that improve cities' resilience, a very good job of planning must be done. The real challenge is to design an appropriate program where the techniques fit the purpose, reach the interested stakeholders, and result in a clear link between public participation and urban resilience. The aim of this study is to introduce a tool for public participation that helps to expand the resilience of the Saudi cities.
Finally, the results achieved are considered the final project for improving the sustainability of cities through public participation.
INTRODUCTION
- Introduction
- Problem statement
- Research question
- Aim and objectives
- Research scope
- The significance of the research
- Thesis organization
- Chapter summary
This section discusses the problem statement, the scope of the study, and analyzes of the aims and objectives of the study. In response to the above questions, the overall aim of this study is to introduce a public participation tool that helps to increase the resilient capacity of the Saudi cities. Much of the urban resilience work focuses on issues that are constantly changing and evolving, such as migration patterns.
It also contains the goals and objectives of the study to be achieved.
URBAN RESILIENCE
- Introduction
- Definition of Urban Resilience
- Resilience VS Urban Sustainability
- Urban resilience framework (CRF)
- Quality of resilience system
- Global BenchMark
- Tools for Urban Resilience
- Resilience dividend
- City resilience index
- City Resilience Profiling Tool (CRPT)
- Asian Cities Climate Change Resilient Network (ACCCRN) program
- Interactive Resilient Africa Online Decision Support Tool
Hamilton (2009) states that 'Urban resilience is sometimes defined as an ecological concept, meaning the extent to which cities can tolerate change before being reorganized around a new set of structures and processes.' O'Brien and Hope (2009) define it as "the ability to withstand and adapt to disturbances while still maintaining function." the Resilient City (a network of practitioners and academics sharing knowledge and promoting professional commitment to urban resilience) says: "the resilient city's expression is a city that developed its capabilities to absorb future shocks and stresses to its system and social, economic and technical infrastructure in order to maintain the same identity, structure and functions (www.resilientcity.org). But it was not only Hurricane Katrina that led to such a disaster in the city of New Orleans. According to Grosvenor's research, the three most resilient cities are in world in Canada.
While the worst 20 cities are in developing markets, eight of these are in the BRIC countries.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
- Introduction
- Definition of public participation
- Traditional Methods of Public Participation
- Evaluation of Public Participation
- Digital Public Participation
- Mobile Application in Urban Planning
- Mobile App as a tool
- Typology of Participatory Apps
- Example of Mobile Application
Public participation in urban planning has been a topic of academic and practical interest since the 1960s. Public participation in urban planning is an integral and central part of the overall planning process and can determine the success or failure of a completed plan. Public participation in the process by which an organization consults with interested or concerned individuals, organizations and government agencies before making a decision.
Public participation is an open dialogue and collaborative problem solving to produce better and more acceptable decisions. Public participation is defined as "involving those affected by a decision in the decision-making process. The process continued with the addition of communicative theory and significant public participation from the 1980s and 1990s.
In addition, many methods and evaluations of public participation emerged after the Environmental Protection Act (EPA) and became the starting point for many subsequent examinations of public involvement in decision-making processes (Beierle and Cayford 2002; Tuler and Webler 1999; Halvorsen 2003). ). This changing theory of public participation in planning also influenced the American Planning Association (APA). In addition, the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) has also adopted a more inclusive approach to public participation by stating in its Code of Ethics that the public interest "must be shaped through.
Therefore, it appears, through this formalized code, that current views of public participation in planning reflect the call for increased participatory and deliberative processes. While public participation has long been studied and implemented, whether formally or informally, evaluation of public participation in planning is lacking (Laurian and Shaw 2008), in 1983, Rosener noted that “there were no widely disseminated criteria for judging success and failure; there are no agreed assessment methods (Laurian and Shaw 2008).
APPLICATION IN SAUDI ARABIA
- Introduction
- e-Government in Saudi Arabia YASSER program
- KSA E-Government plan of action
- Key Learnings from Other Countries
- The mobile government in Saudi Arabia
- E-Participation in KSA
- Customer Satisfaction Surveys
- e-Participation initiatives
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) market in Saudi Arabia
- Mobility in KSA
- Selected Mobility Indicators
- Adoption of Mobility Products and Services in Saudi Arabia
- The Saudi Mobility Ecosystem
- Summary
It increased the efficiency and productivity of the public sector and improved the quality of state services for citizens and the business sector, which inevitably led to economic growth and an improvement in the gross domestic product. The goal of the e-government program in KSA was to (1) increase the productivity and efficiency of the public sector, (2) provide better services to individuals, companies and more easily. In addition, the research is expected to create positive changes and enrich the Arabic content of e-government practices.
The national strategy and action plan are guidelines that encourage the use of e-government activities and preparation for the smooth transition of the public sector to the information society. The government of Saudi Arabia usually strives to improve communication with Saudi communities through leadership-citizen liaison. As a result of the development process, many developments have taken place in technological fields and electronic services through the concept of online participation. Public participation and opinions are one of the government's goals for developing and improving the system and community services.
The custodian of the two holy mosques gave instructions to create a portal gate to facilitate the delivery of services to the citizens. Participation in e-service becomes an accepted service of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which supports the participation of the citizens and the Ministry to improve the services. In terms of the Networked Readiness Index (NRI), which measures the level of ICT use to improve competitiveness, in 2012 Saudi Arabia ranked 31st. .
A smart device has become the center of everyday life for an ever-increasing percentage of the world's population. The proportion of Internet browsing on a mobile device in Saudi Arabia is near the top of the global range and above the global average of 10%. The CITC survey confirms that companies in Saudi Arabia are well aware of the operation and the product.
The state can help the mobility ecosystem by mobilizing all state services, which is already happening under the auspices of the Yesser program.
CONCEPTUAL PROPOSAL
- Introduction
- The concept proposed tool concept
- Goals and Objectives
- Platform structure
- Level of participation model
- Madenati structure design
- Interface design
- Tools
- Online tools
- Movable box
- info panel / interactive screen
- Stakeholders
- Input & Output
- Limitations
- implementation
- outcomes
The platform has a set of support tools that are designed according to a model of the international association of public participation, which ultimately fulfill all levels of participation. The Madinati project was developed using a successful implementation model that was created by the International Association for Public Participation, the "community engagement spectrum". This spectrum describes five levels of community engagement, with the lowest level of engagement being "Inform", while. Throughout the project, it may also be essential to adjust the level of involvement according to the phase of the project.
At the basic level, the platform offered users convenient functionalities tailored to the project theme. Finally, the entirety of the platform was smooth and distinctly enjoyable to enhance the experience. The call to action button allows easy access to the most important pages, which are the projects page and the reporting page.
The platform can also be open via the IPad to give the participant the chance to know how to use the platform with the support of the participation agent in the box. A stakeholder is any person or entity that has an interest in the success or failure of the project. Since this proposal is part of the master's thesis and has limited time, it was difficult to test the platform in real life.
Another supporting tool for the Madenati platform is the information panel that will be placed on the website of the project and will present a summary about the project and how they can participate in the design using QR code that will allow them easy access until the Madenati will give. . This chapter gives a complete description of the project, from the concept to the implementation processes.
CONCLUSION
- introduction
- Findings & Discussions
- Contribution of the research
- Future research
- Summery
This research aimed to determine the potential of today's emerging online technologies by providing an additional tool for public participation in the urban planning process to increase the resilience of the city. Going through the literature, the terms resilient city and digital audience participation have become increasingly popular in recent years within and outside the research community. Before designing the tool, a survey was designed to measure the level of awareness about the importance of public participation in urban planning and the preferred medium of public participation.
This thesis provides two main results: first, the research contribution created through the literature review that came with the idea of the project and the conceptual proposal for the project itself. Shifting public participation in decision-making to the online world is an area that still requires further research to determine the most appropriate and efficient ways to make the public comfortable with online participation and decision-making. This research aimed to expand the resilient capacity of Saudi cities by introducing a digital tool to increase public participation.
The research seeks to find answers to the following questions; How to increase the resilience of cities through public participation. The tool is considered an innovative method of public participation that is aligned with technology. Indeed, this research deals with the notion of urban resilience and focuses on digital public participation in urban planning.
It emphasizes expanding the resilience capacity of Saudi cities through public participation, which will align with the first pillar of Saudi Vision 2030, which is creating a vibrant society with fulfilled lives. What do you think is the best method to increase public participation in urban planning A.Mobile application, B.website, C.survey, E.group, F.meeting workshop.
