Shari'ah Estimates", which is the view adopted by the Hanafites based on the argument that the. Shari'ah-Based Estimates Rule" is one of the rules intended to refer to correspondences and.
Permissibility of Applying Permissibility of Applying
Conditions of Applying Conditions of Applying
Issue (1): Rule of considerable needIssue (1): Rule of considerable need
Issue (2): Relationship between the need and the obligated personsIssue (2): Relationship between the need and the obligated persons
Issue (3): Categories of need in calculating
Second: Estimation applied on
Second: Estimation applied on Zakâh Zakâh shall not to contradict another more consid- shall not to contradict another more consid- erable estimation
Impacts of Applying Impacts of Applying
Ruling on the
Ruling on the Zakâh Zakâh paid by way of estimation: paid by way of estimation
There must therefore be a valuation: a valuation is intended to determine the amount by means of an assumption.
Issue (1): The ruling on recovering the excess from the person who received itIssue (1): The ruling on recovering the excess from the person who received it
Issue (2): Is it permissible to consider excess as
Issue (2): Is it permissible to consider excess as Zakâh Zakâh paid in advance for the coming paid in advance for the coming years?
Rather, the scholars of Fiqh are of the opinion that such excess should be considered as voluntary charity, while this is not the case. In this case, if the amount of ZakâhZakâh is not recovered, it should be considered a debt recorded in the liability of the Treasury and the. In this case, the ruler can repay the debt (i.e. the excess amount) of the.
This has a significant impact on the estimate of ZakahZakâh for joint stock companies, namely that for limited liability companies, which means that the prepaid ZakahZakah must be accounted for only for the person to whom. If the owner of the shares is at the time the overpayment is paid, this is not the person to whom the share is transferred. However, if the surplus is considered a debt, the share, together with any rights and obligations, is considered a debt, then the share, together with all associated rights and obligations, including the debt (i.e. the excess amount) due under the liability of the Treasury, must be associated therewith, including the debt (i.e. the excess amount) due under the liability of the Treasury, must be transferred to the new investor (owner), and can be paid accordingly as.
Financial Disclosure of Joint-stock Companies
Concept, Principles, and
Concept, Principles, and Zakâh Zakâh-Related Issues -Related Issues
Financial disclosure: Concept, types, and relation to calculation of
Purposes of financial disclosure (financial report)
To meet this objective, financial statements provide information about a company's (assets, liabilities, To meet this goal, financial statements provide information about a company's (assets, liabilities, equity, income and expenses, including gains and losses, contributions from and distributions to owners) in equity, income and expenses, including gains and losses, contributions from and distributions to owners in their capacity as owners and cash flows), their capacity as owners and cash flows).
Relation of financial disclosure to calculation of
Accounting Principles
Accounting principles in accounting concept
Components of conceptual framework for financial reporting and their impact on Components of conceptual framework for financial reporting and their impact on
Statement of these concepts (principles) and their evaluation in terms of their impact Statement of these concepts (principles) and their evaluation in terms of their impact
The method of disclosure of an item in financial statements relates to the materiality of the item for the user in making the economic in financial statements relates to the materiality of the item for the user in making the economic decision. Accordingly, information that has an impact on the calculation of ZakâhZakâh may not be disclosed, may not be disclosed because its materiality in making the economic decision is not significant, or because it includes a because its materiality in the making the economic decision is not significant, or because it includes a number of items within overall items due to its poor economic impact, such as including the item number of items within overall items due to its poor economic impact, such as the inclusion of the item in the financial statements within general items that are not assessed on the basis of. Comprehensibility Comprehensibility is in principle in accordance with the principles of Shari'ah in relation to assignment inis in principle in accordance with the principles of Shari'ah in relation to assignment in general, and in relation to the calculation of.
But the problem here is that accounting assumes that the users of financial statements have reasonable knowledge, and this can be a problem, and this can be a problem because the rules of the Sharia law has been established. on the description of. Hence, such knowledge is required from the shareholder, either by himself or by others, to calculate. Comparability It can be said that it is ineffective, but it seems that accounting compares the economy. It can be said to be ineffective, but it seems that accounting compares economic events that converge in terms of economic impact, even though they are different in terms of legal and economic consequences. events that converge in the economic impact, even though they are different in terms of legal and Fiqh-related adjustment, which is reflected in the method of recognizing these assets in the financial Fiqh-related adjustment, which is reflected in the method for recognizing these assets in the annual accounts and the basis for their valuation.
2] Expenses Expenses are decreases in economic benefits during the accounting period in the form of outflows or are decreases in economic benefits during the accounting period in the form of outflows or decreases in assets or increases in liabilities that lead to decreases in equity. This is because judging any item in terms of its relevance to the computational side is not an easy task. This is because the judgment about any item in terms of its relevance to the calculation of ZakâhZakâh may depend on additional information that may not be provided by the financial statements.
This is in addition to the fact that one item may include different means that must be taken into account in the calculation, in addition to the fact that a single item may include different means that must be taken into account in the calculation of ZakâhZakâh, which requires further clarification of the nature of what is included in this item, which requires further clarification on the nature of what is included in this item, which is taken into account in the calculation. In the case of obligations, we also note that the concept of obligation is in the conceptual framework. Rather, they affect the calculation of ZakâhZakâh in reliance when they rely on the aspect of liability and equity in the calculation.
It should be noted that examining the items in the financial statements, whether it is the assets or the liabilities. It should be noted that examining the items in the financial statements, whether it is the assets or liabilities, is not an easy task. This may depend on additional information that may not be provided in the annual accounts. This is because it includes expected contractual obligations and is broader than the concept of debt.
This is because it includes anticipated contractual obligations for which the cause of their fulfillment has not yet occurred, such as severance benefits and leave. It also includes non-contractual obligations where compliance is a kind of policy intended to include non-contractual obligations where compliance is a kind of policy intended by the company to attract its customers. Likewise, with respect to the performance concepts, which are revenues and expenses, they do Likewise, with respect to the performance concepts, which are revenues and expenses, they do not initially affect the calculation of.
This gives rise to the problem of the measurement basis, which differs depending on the financial items. This gives rise to the problem of the measurement basis, which differs depending on the financial items. This requires a comparison between the accounting measurement bases and the Sharia base items. For example, stocks are usually held at the lower of actual value for measuring zakatable wealth.
For example, inventories are usually held at the lower of current cost and realizable value. This contradicts the Shariah basis of measurement, which is the market value of cost and realizable value. This contradicts the Shariah basis of measurement, which is the market value of goods reserved for trade.
This requires a comparison between the accounting bases for measuring and the Sharia base for measuring zakatable wealth.
Financial Disclosure
First: Problems of financial disclosure related to
Second: Means of solving financial disclosure problems related to
Estimation Regarding Conditions Estimation Regarding Conditions
The person in charge of
The person in charge of Zakâh Zakâh for joint-stock companies: for joint-stock companies
Estimation regarding the condition of absolute ownership
Estimating
Estimation regarding the condition of the elapse of
Estimation regarding
Estimation regarding Zakâh Zakâh on contemporary currencies and goods stocked for trade: on contemporary currencies and goods stocked for trade
However, it is permissible to give priority to the reason for Zakat based on value by means of "Shariah-based valuations" if necessary.
Estimation regarding conditions of
Estimation regarding conditions of Zakâh Zakâh on livestock: on livestock
Estimation regarding conditions of Zakâh Zakâh on minerals in joint-stock companies: on minerals in joint-stock companies
However, it is allowed to give priority to the reason of value, namely goods stored for trade. Minerals that cannot be smelted, such as oil or marine resources extracted from the sea, do not require payment. In addition, ZakâhZakâh will not owe any liability on their inventory unless and until they are sold for cash, at which time the Company will pay.
Estimation Regarding Calculating Estimation Regarding Calculating
Estimation regarding calculating
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on cash: on cash
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on bank deposits: on bank deposits
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on commercial papers: on commercial papers
The scholars of Fiqh use the term “Dayn” to indicate: “An obligation to pay arising from a credit transaction. The scholars of Fiqh use the term “Dayn” to indicate: “An obligation to pay arising from a credit transaction. ”. The subject of these papers concerns specific amounts of money, so their pronunciation will be the same as that of. The subject of these papers concerns specific amounts of money, so their pronunciation will be the same as that of.
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on receivables: on receivables
This impact is conditional on there being no assets that cannot be packaged to pay off the debt thereof.
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on payables: on payables
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on operating and financing lease: on operating and financing lease
This approach agrees with the Malikis regarding the consideration of renting the rented assets among the acquired wealth. Approach (2): Approach (2): ZakâhZakâh is payable on return on its actual receipt if a full lunar year ( is payable on return on its actual receipt if a full lunar year (HHawlawl) has elapsed ) has elapsed from the beginning of the lease. This approach is consistent with the view of the Hanbalites that from the beginning of the lease.
This approach is consistent with the view of the Hanbalites that the rent is required from the time the lease takes effect. Zakâh is payable on the debt of lease, like all other debts owed to the payer, and is payable on the debt of lease, like all other debts owed to the payer, and the conditions of its obligation are to be taken into account. As for the debt of non-financing, the conditions of its obligation must be taken into account.
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on inventories: on inventories
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on investment assets: on investment assets
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on trading securities: on trading securities
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on real estate and projects under development: on real estate and projects under development
If the entire project is paid once after the sale of each unit of the project. If the entire project or part of it is placed, this is the case with the debt of the goods of the monopolistic trader.
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on goods under delivery: on goods under delivery
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on products of land: on products of land
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on livestock: on livestock
Estimation regarding calculating Zakâh Zakâh on minerals: on minerals
Estimation of the
Impact of the shareholder’s intention on estimating
Impact of the shareholder’s intention on estimating Zakâh Zakâh base: base
Estimation of
Estimation of Zakâh Zakâh for a trading shareholder (speculator): for a trading shareholder (speculator)
Impact of the intention to invest with the intention of saving on
Recommendations of ThesisRecommendations of Thesis
Financial disclosure: ZakâhZakâh-related issues for joint-stock companies-related issues for joint-stock companies.
