THAM D 6 - KHAI THAC D A U KHf
l o n g ket cong tac khao sdt dia chdn giai dogn 2006 2010 vd djnh huong dieu tra c o bdn
den ndm 2025
TS. Nguyin Qu6c Thdp, TS. Phan Tl^n \nln ThS. Phan Glang Long, ThS. Pham Thanh Li^m Tdp dodn Ddu khi Vi$t Nam
MddSu
Triin khai thyc hi^n Chiin lupc phdt t r i i n Ngdnh D l u khi Vi&t Nam d i n nam 2015 vd dinh hudng d i n ndm 2025 vd Quy hoach phdt t r i i n Ngdnh D l u khf Vi|t Nam giai doan d i n ndm 2015, dinh hudng d i n ndm 2025 cua Thu tudng Chfnh phu. Tip dodn D l u khi Qudc gia Vilt Nam da phdt trien vuot bdc, trd thdnh t i p dodn kmh t l dCfng d l u d I t nude v l doanh thu, dong gdp eho n g l n sdch Nhd nudc vd Ung dyng khoa hoc cdng ngh^ hien dai trong sdn xuat kinh doanh.
Nam 2006 - 2010 dUOc coi la giai doan hoat ddng tim k i l m , tham dd vd khai thdc dien ra r l t sdi ddng vd thu duoc nhilu thdnh tUu, dat vd vUpt hau h i t cdc ehl tieu n l u trong Chien lupc, Quy hoach ve thdm dd khai thac d l u khf [ll.Trong dd, cdng tac khao sat dja chan phuc vy cdng tdc dieu tra cO bdn, ddnh gia t i l m nang vd tdi nguyen d l u khi tren viing bien vd t h i m lye dia Vi&t Nam ddng vai trd h i t sCfc quan trpng, khdng the thieu.
Giai doan 2011 - 2015 va cdc nam sau dd dupe xde djnh Id giai doan ed nhilu thdch thCfe ddi vdi cdng tac tham dd khai thac dau khi. Trong khi ede elu tao Idn thudc ddi tupng tiem nang d cac khu vuc d l u khi truyin thdng da dupe tham dd chl t i l t , phan cdn lai Id nhCfng c l u tao nhd it t r i i n vong hOn, nhOng ddi tUpng chua cd kinh nghi|m hay nhCfng khu vUc mdi vdi dieu ki^n t h i m dd khd khan...
De thUc h i i n dUpc muc tieu gia tang trCf lUpng theo Chien lupc, Quy hoach de ra ddi hdi cdng tdc tim kiem tham dd can cd nhCfng bUdc di mang tinh ddt phd, dan d I t de md rpng ra cdc ddi tUpng tim kiem tham dd mdi [1].
Bai Viet nay trinh bay tdm t i t k i t qud cdng tdc khdo sdt dja chan giai doan 2006 - 2010 va djnh hudng d i n nam 2025 trong chiin lupc chung phdt trien Ngdnh Dau khf Viet Nam vdi nhCfng ndi dung ehinh bao gom: i) Tdng k i t cdng tdc khao sat dia chin t r i n them luc dja Vilt Nam giai doan
2006 - 2010; ii)D|nh hUdng edng tdc k h l o sdt dja chin den ndm 2025; ill) K i t lu|n va kien nghi.
1. J6ng k i t cdng t i c khdo sdt tfja ch^n t r i n t h i m luc dja V i l t Nam giai doan 2006 - 2010
Giai doan 2006 - 2010, cdng tac khdo sdt dja chin 2D, 3D da dupc triin khai slu rdng cd v l loipng vd chit tren todn bp vung biln vd t h i m lye dja Vilt Nam, bao gdm cdc hoat dpng khdo sdt dja chin thude ede chuong trinh dieu tra co bin, cac hoat ddng khdo sdt dia ehIn do elc nhd thIu d l u khi thut hien cam kit theo cac hpp ddng d l u khL
7.1. Cdng tdc khdo sdt dja chdn thudc cdc chMng trinh dieu tra ccf bin
Day Id mdng cdng tac quan trpng, khdng the thiiu vd ehilm ty" trpng Idn trong ITnh vUe d i l u tra, tim kiem thdm dd tdi n g u y i n d l u khf t r i n t h i m lue dia Viet Nam.
Trudc thdi diem T i p dodn Dau khf d l u tU, trang bj tau Binh Minh 02 (BM02) v I o thdng 4/2009, cdng tdc nay chd yeu dupe thuc h l l n bdi cac nhd t h I u nudc ngoai co ede tdu dja c h i n vd cdng nghe hien dai (nhU: CGG, GECO, WESTERN GEOPHYSICAL, PGS, TGS - NOPEC.) thdng qua ede d l dn khdo sdt dja c h i n khdng dde quyen, tuluc, hop tdc... KitCr khi duoc trang b i t d u khdo sdt dja chin BM02,Tlp dodn D l u khiViet Nam da chu ddng trien khai cdng tde khdo sdt dia c h i n 2D tai c i c khu vuc xa bd, philc tap vd khd khdn, mac du dupc sd dung trong thdi gian ngdn, nhUng rieng tdu BM02 da thUe h i i n khdo sdt duoc khdi luong Id 14.500km t u y I n dia c h i n 2D trong nam 2009,2010 [3]. Tdng khdi lUOng k h l o sdt dja chan thupc chuong trinh dieu tra co bdn, khdng ddc q u y l n , hpp tac ba ben V i l t Nam-Trung Qudc- Philipinesvd hop tdc hai b i n Viet Nam -Trung Qude trong giai doan 2006 - 2010 Id 68.466km t u y I n 2D vd 1.058km^ k h l o sdt 3D (Bdng 1)- Cu t h i ede 6e dn, dU dn d i l u tra co bdn dd thUc h l l n trong giai doan 2006 - 2010 nhU sau:
\. 12 DiUKHl-Sd 7/2012
PETROVIETNAM
Bdng 1, Tong khSi lugng khdo sdt dia chdn thudc chuang trinh di4u tra cabdn thdc hien trong giai doan 2006 -2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 J6ng
16.175 12.292 26.458 7.096 6.418 68.466
1.058 1.058 Khlo Sdt ffia chin
2D dieu tra co bdn, khong d6c quyln vd hpp t^c ba b^n Vift Nam-Trung Quoc - Philippines (km)
3D nghien ciiU chung Vi&t Nam - Trung Qudc (km^)
Bdng 2. Khdi luang khdo sdt dia chdn do cdc nhd thdu ddu khi thUc hiin giai doan 2006 -2010
2009 2010 19.682 20.555 2.932 5.846 Khlo six dia ch£n
2D (km) ; 3D (km')
2006 4.548 2.578
2007 7.000 10.809 i
2008 12.116 10.890
T6ng ; 63.901 I 33.055 I
DU dn TC-06 d vung t h i m lue dja Ddng Nam tren bien Ddng, thu nd dupc 16.175km tuyIn dja chan 2D (nam 2006).
- Khdo sat dja chin 2D phuc vu €)l dn xly dung Bdo cdo Qudc gia xde dinh ranh gidi ngodi t h i m lye dja Vilt Nam thu nd dupc tdng cdng 5.846km tuyIn (nam 2007,2008) [ 1 ].
- Khdo sdt i^a c h i n khdng ddc quyln be Phli Khanh do PGS thuc hien, thu no dupc 7.384km tuyIn 2D (nam 2008). Tiep tyc thuc h l l n du dn t r i n trong ndm 2009 thu nd dupc 2.944km tuyIn dia c h i n 2D.
Khdo sdt dja chan khdng ddc quyln do TGS-NOPEC thuc hien, thu nd dUoc 9.887km tuyen c^a chan 2D cd tinh khu vUe tif Bdc xudng Nam (nam 2008) [1].
- DU dn khdo sat dja c h i n 2D PQ-09 do PVEP thue h i i n thu nd dupc 4.152 km t u y I n
^ a c h i n 2D eho khu vuc be Phii Qudc (nam 2009).
- Dy an hpp tdc ba ben Vilt Nam - Trung Qudc - Philippines khdo sat dia chan 2D khu vuc Trudng Sa {2005 - 2008). Tdng khdi lUpng thu no dja chan 2D eac n l m 2006 - 2008 la 18.232km tuyen.
Hpp tac V i l t Nam -Trung Qude trong Khu vUc thda thuan tai vjnh Ble bd ("Thda thuan tham dd chung") dd thu no, xCf ly va minh gidi 1.058km^ tai l i l u ^ a c h i n 3D (nam 2008).
1.2. Hogt ddng khdo sdt dia chdn do cdc nhd thdu dau khi thUc Men theo cdc hop dong ddu khi
Trong giai doan 2006 - 2010 Tap doan D l u khi Viet Nam d l k^ mdi dUpc 36 hpp ddng d l u khi, dUa tdng sd
Hinh I.Sado phdn bS cdc be tram tich trin them luc dia Viet Nam [3]
hpp dong dau khi cd hieu lUc l l n 60 hpp ddng, bao gdm:
49 hpp ddng p h l n chia s i n pham d l u khi (PSC), 10 hpp ddng dieu hanh chung (JOC) vd 1 hpp ddng hpp tac kinh doanh (BCC).
Cdng tac khao sat dja chin dupc trien khai tich cue theo cam k i t tai cdc hpp dong dau khi do nha thau dau khi thUe h i i n , trong do khao sat dja c h i n 3D tap trung chu y i u d cac b l : COfu Long, Nam Cdn Son, Sdng Hdng va Malay-Thd Chu lanhiJngbecdmCfcddnghiencCfu va
DAUKHI-:
THAM DO - KHAI T H A C D A U K H I
2710
i 4 6 s ;
4376
_ BSH
• aNCS
• mm
• ML-1C R TC'VM
Hinh 2. Typhdn khdo sdt dia chdn 2D tai cdc Hinh 3. Ty phdn khdo bi giai dogn 2006 - 20ft? 2006 - 2010
y 18,657 1 20.000
•*. 18,000 J 16,000
^ 14,000 o 12,000
£ 10,000
™ 8,000 1 6fl00
£ 2,000
^ H = . . .
^^m ^ ^
sdt dja chdn 3D tgi cdc b4giai dagn
mnh 4. Khdi lugng thac hiin khdo sdt dia chdn 2D, 3D so vdi ki hogch ndm 2011
mat dd khao sat chi t i l t , ti mi. Khdo sdt 2D tap trung vdo b l Phu Khanh va khu vUe Tu Chinh • Vung May la nhCfng viJng cd mu'c do khdo sdt con so bd (Hinh 1,2 va 3). Tong khdi lupng khao sat dja chin do cac nha thau dau khi thUc hien trong giai doan 2006 - 2010 la 63.901km tuyen dia c h i n 2D va 33.055km^ dja chan 3D (Bdng 2).
Nhin chung, tdi lieu 2D hien cd (tuy cdn thua va mang ludi khdng dlu) da cho phep lam rd hOn bCfc tranh ve khu vyc nudc slu cua Viet Nam. K i t qud khdo sat dia c h i n thudc chuong trinh d i l u tra co bdn vd do ede nhd thdu d l u khi thuc hien Id cac tdi lieu quan trpng, khdng the t h i i u d l xCf ly, minh gidi xac djnh ede doi tUOng, c l u tao tnen vpng giiip eho cdng tac khoan tim kiem tham dd phat hien ele md dau va khi mdi. Kit qud cdng tac tim kiem thdm dd giai doan 2006 - 2010 da xac djnh cdc phdt h i i n d l u , khi mdi.
Nhd ddng gdp quan trong tU cdc k i t qud khdo sdt dja chin, cdng tdc tim k i l m tham dd giai doan 2006 - 2010 da xac djnh nhieu phat hien dau, khi mdi tai cac b l : Sdng Hdng (clu tao Bdo Vdng, Ham Rdng, Bdo TrIng...), PhCi Khanh (cau tao Ca Map TrIng), Cdu Long (cau tao Hdi Su Trdng, Hai Su Den, Thing Long, Ddng Dd...), Nam Cdn Son (clu tao Chim Sao, Gau Chua...) va Malay -Thd Chu (cau tao Bac Kim Long).
2. Ojnh hi/dng cong t i c khdo sit ^ a chin d i n ndm 2025 2.1.Kitqudthi/chihi so vdi ki hogch khio sdt dja chdn ndm 2011 Trong ndm 2011, cdng t i c khdo sdt dja c h i n da thyc hi^n tong cdng dupe Id 5.659km' dja c h i n 3D dat gin 100% vd 15.583km t u y I n dja c h i n 2D dat 83,53% so va k l hoach (Hinh 4). Trong dd, 14.281km t u y I n dia chin 2D thudc chuang trinh d i l u tra co bdn, p h l n cdn lai do cac nhd t h I u d l u khi thUe hi^n [2]. Khdi lupng thuc hiin khSo sdl dja c h i n 2D ndm 2011 khdng dat k l hoach do d l dn PK- 10 tCr n l m 2010 chuyin sang vd d l dn nghiin eCfu chung vdi JOGMEC tai Ld 39, 40/02 khdng dat do thdi tilt xau phdi chuyin sang nam 2012 thue hien.
2.2. Djnh hudng cdng tdc khdo sdt dia chdn din ndm 2025 Djnh hudng cdng tde khdo sdt, thu nd dia chin din nam 2025 se t i l n hdnh thu nd cdc tuyen dia chin 2D khu vyc di qua cdc gieng khoan cd d i e trUng ^ a ting, thach hoc d i l n hinh dac trUng cho cle be t r i m tich trin them luc dia Vilt Nam de lien k i t dja t i n g , d i n h gia sUtUOng ddng cOa h i thdng d l u khf... Ddng thdi, s i t i l p tuc day manh cdng tde d i l u tra CO bdn dcdc khu vuc/blDdng Phii Khanh, Tu Chfnh - Vung Mdy, Phu Qudc, TrUdng Sa, Hoang Sa de sdm cd co sd danh gid so bd dupe tiem ndng dau khi tai cdc khu vuc/be ndy. So dd cdc khdo sdt dja chin da thue h i i n d t h i m lye dja Vi&t Nam vd cac vung dU kiln thu no t i l p theo dUpc trinh bdy chi t i l t d Hinh 5. Djnh hUdng den nam 2025 d y k i l n tiep tuc k h l o sdt dja chan tai cac khu vyc, vung nhu sau:
Vung 1.2: Khlo sat, nghiin cOXi n h I m tim kilm cac c l u true thude p h l n chim sdu cila ddi n l n g Cdn Son [1].
Viing 11.1: Cac Id phfa Bdng b l Phu KhInh [1].
Vung 11.2: Khlo sdt tai ede khu vuc nUdc sdu [1].
Vi&c thu nd dja chan khu vUc khd khan, phile tap, xa bd viJng II.1,11.2 se dupe thuc hien dudi nhilu hinh thiJc (tu d l u tu, ky hpp ddng hpp tdc, nghien ciJu chung, hop tac song phUOng, ba b i n , hpp ddng khdng dde quyln..-) theo p h i duylt.
Theo k l hoach d i n ndm 2025, tai lieu dja chin 3Dse
' 14 Dliu KHf-Sd7/2D12
PETROVIETNAM
Hinh S. Saddphdn viing dUklen khdo sdt dta chdn den nam 2025
duoc phu kfn t r i n todn bd eac c l u tao t i l m ndng cd kich thudc Idn d cdc vijng nude sau, xa bd.
3. Ket luan va kien nghj 3.1. Kit ludn
Giai doan 2006 - 2010, cdng tac khdo sdt dja chan dieu tra co ban vd ddnh gid tai nguyin d l u khf dupc trien khai sdu rdng t r i n toan t h i m lye dia Vi&t Nam. D i e b i l t vdi viee trang bi tdu khdo sdt dia c h i n BM02, Tap doan D l u khi Viet Nam da chu ddng t r i i n khai cdng tdc khao sdt dia chan 2D tai cac khu vuc xa bd, phCfc tap vd khd khan. Tdng cdng khodng 132.000km t u y I n dia chan 2D vd 34.000km^ dja c h i n 3D d l dUOC thyc hien trong giai doan nay, gdp p h l n xac dinh, chinh xac hda: 08 b l t r i m tich cd t i l m n l n g d l u khi (Hinh 1); cac cau true, ddi cau trdc; he thdng dau khf, ddi tupng chiJa d l u khi...
vd gdp p h l n phdt hien n h i l u tich ty chiSa dau, khf tai
cac be tram tfch Sdng Hdng, Phu Khdnh, CCfu Long, Nam Cdn Son vd Malay-Thd Chu.
Djnh hudng cdng tac khdo sat dja chin tdi nam 2025, vdi nhdng hpp ddng da va se ky cung vdi chCi truong chu ddng d l u t u cOa Tdp doan D l u khiViet Nam, hoat ddng tim kiem tham dd ndi chung va cdng tdc khlo sat dia chin d i l u tra CO bdn, ddnh gid t i l m nang, tdi nguyen d l u khi se duac trien khai manh me vd phu rdng khIp tren toan them luc dia Viet Nam.
Dac bi&t cdng tac khdo sdt dja chin tai cac khu vuc nudc slu, phUc tap, ddi hdi Tap dodn Dlu khi Viet Nam cd phuong an chCi ddng de thUc hien ede k l hoach dera.
3.2. Kiin nghj
Nha nUdc, Chinh phu chi dao cac Bd, Nganh phdi hop tim kiem cdc phuong thUc hop tdc tham dd khai thac dau khi tai cac vCing, khu vUc phUc tap vdi cac nudc cd lien quan trong khu vyc de tao khudn khd phdp ly thuan Ipi, giam chi phi cho cdng tdc khao sat dieu tra cO bdn, ddnh gid tiem ndng, tdi nguyen dau khi tai cdc viing, khu vyc nay.
Tai lieu tham khdo
1. Trjnh Xuan CUdng va nnk. Tong kit vd ddnh gid cong tac tim kiem thdm do ddu khi d Viet Nam giai dogn 2000 - 2010, nghien cihi de xudt phuang hUdng tim kiem tham do den 2020. Bdo cao tdng k i t d l tai nghien cufu khoa hoe e l p Ngdnh. Hd Ndi, 2011.
2. Ban Tim k i l m Thdm db. Bao cdo tong kit nam 2011 vdkihogch, nhiem vu trong tdm nam 2012. Jap doan Dau khfWet Nam, 2011.
3. Nguyen Trung Hilu va nnk. Lap phucfng an khao sdtdia chan khu vi/clten ketcdcbetrdm tich tren viing bien va them luc dia nU6c ta. Bao cdo tdng k i t de tai nghiin cCfu khoa hoe cap Nganh. Hd Npi, 2012.
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