Tap chi Khoa he:. I'^jrgre nghieo Viet Nam -
KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU KHOA HOC VA HOP TAG QUOC TE GIAI DOAN 2015 - 2019 VA DINH HI/CING NGHIEN CUXJ
GIAI DOAN 2020 - 2025 CUA VIEN NGHIEN CUtT NGO
Bill Manh Cildng', Dang Ngoc Ha', VifOng Huy Minh', Nguyen Xuan Thang\ Le \"an Hai', Nguyen Hai Yen', Nguyen Chi Tlianh', Vii Thi Thu HilOng', Hoang Thi Lam', Nguyen Thi Nhung', Ta Dang Tien'
T O M T A T
Cong tac nghien cifu khoa hoc va chuyen giao tien bo ky thuat ciia \"ien Nghien cilu Ngo trong giai doan 2015 - 2019 da dat dtfdc nhieu thanh tUu, dac biet la chgn tao giong ngo lai. Cac giong mdi diidc tao ra c6 sif tien bg ve mat chat liicfng, kha nang thich ilng va kha nang chong chtu so v6i the he giong trildc do. Trong cong tac nghien cilu, Vien da da dang hoa difOc san pham: Giong ngo nep, ngo diidng dat difOc mot so thanh tdu ve khoi lifong, chat liiijng va kha nang ilng dung. Ung dung cong nghe sinh hoc trong cong tac chgn tao giong ngo lai ciia Vien da c6 nhflng thanh cong nhat dinh, da lam chii duoc mot so cong nghe mdi nhii: Inducer, cong nghe ADN (cong nghe chuyen gen), cong nghe te bao. Giai doan 2015 - 2019 thj phan cac giong ciia Vien nghien cifu Ngo trong san xuat chiem 22,1%, diifng thd 3 sau Cong ty CP (25,8%) va Syngenta (26,6%).
Tii khoa: Vien Nghien ciia Ngo, ket qua nghien CLCU, dinh hi(6ng nghien cilu, hop tac quoc te
I . D A T V A N D E
Giai d o a n 2015 - 2019, Vien N g h i e n cxiu N g o phai doi m a t v6i n h i e u t h a c h thilc va k h o k h a n , d o tinh h l n h san xuat ngo t r o n g niidc tiep t u c suy giam ca ve d i e n tich cOng n h u n h u cau tieu t h u g i o n g ngo. D i e n tich san xuat ngo ca nU6c n a m 2015 la 1.164,8 n g h i n ha, d e n n a n i 2019 con 990,9 n g b i n ha
(Nien giam t h o n g ke n a m 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 - Tong cue T h o n g ke). Ngoai ra, d o tac d o n g ciia bien doi khi h a u da a n h h i i d n g rat I6n d e n san x u a t ngo t r o n g nilcfc, cay N g o k h o n g c o n diJc^c xac d i n h la cay t r o n g c h i n h da a n h hifdng k h o n g nlio tcfi c o n g tac nghien cilu k h o a h o c cCia Vien N g h i e n cCfu N g o t r o n g t h d i gian qua.
Bang 1. Dien tich, nang suat va san tilong ngo Viet Nam tif nam 2015 - 2019 Nam
Dien tich (ngliin ha) Nang suat (ta/ha) San llfdng (nghin tan)
2015 1.164,8
45,4 5.287,2
2016 1.152,4
45,3 5.225,6
2017 1.099,9
46,7 5.131,9
2018 1.039,0
47.2 4.905,9
2019 990,9
48,0 4.756,7 Nguon: Nien giam thong ke (2017, 2018) - Tong cue Thong ke.
• Diai lich (nghin ha) 3 San lirang {n^in tan)
" Nang sual (laha)
• Linear (Dien lich (nghin ha))
• Linear (San luong (nghin tan))
2016 2017 2018 2019
Hinh 1. Dien tich, nang suat va san lilt?ng ngo Viet Nam til nam 2015 - 2019
' Vien Nghien cilu >
TAP CHI
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE NONG NGHIEP VIET NAM
Journal of Vietnam Agricultural Science and Technology
N A M T H a M U ^ I L A . M SO 4 N . \ M 2020 BAN B 1 £ N T A P
Tong bien tap Editor ill chief PGS.TS. Dao 'Ihc Anh Pho Tong bien tap Deputy Editor TS. T d n Danh Sifu Uy vien Meiiihcrs TS. Biii Quang Dang TS. Estelle Bienabc TS. Kris Wyckliuys TS. Sivapragasam Annamalai PGS.TS. Tran Dang Khanh TliKky
Secretary TliS, Pham Tlii Xuan T 6 A S O A N - T R I s V Ban T h o n g tin va Dao tao Vien Klhoa hoc Nong nghi^^p \'icl Nam Vinh Qii)Tih, Ttianh Tri, Ha Noi DT: 024, 36490504. 0949940399 Email: [email protected];
[email protected] Website: w^vw\'aas.org.\'n ISSN: 1 8 5 9 - 1 5 5 8 Giay p h e p xuat b a n So. 1 2 5 0 / G P - B T T T T Bo Thong tin va Truyen thong cap n^^'^v OS thang 8 nam 2011
13. Nguyln Ngoc Diep, Nguyen Van TrUdng, Ngo Thi Minh 70 ^ Tarn, Nguyen Thj Kim Le, Dao Thi Thao, Biii Diic Hai, Nguyen Nhu Tien, Biii Manh CUdng. Khao sat, danh gia dac diem nong hoc va nang suat cua cac to h(?p ngo lai trien vong tai Ha Ni'i \ a Hoa Binh
14. Kieu Quang Luan, Kieu Xuan Dam, Nguyen Xuan Sinh, 73 ' ^ Hoang Thi Thanh Hoa, Nguyen Thanh Tuan. Nghien cilu kha nang sinh imcing va phat trien ciia cac giong ngo lai nidi tai tinh Thanh Hoa
15. Nguyen Diic Thanh, Dang Ngoc Ha, Nguyln \ ^ n TrUo^ng, SO ^ Nguyln The Hung. Danh gia da dang di truyen ciia 24 dong ngo don boi kep tao ra bang phuOng phap kich lao don boi 16. Ta Thj Thiiy Dung, Nguyen Van TrUdng, Ngo Thi Minh 87 i
Tarn, Nguyen Phiic Quyet, Nguy Thi Hufcfng Lan, Nguyln Thi Anh Thu, Nguyen Nggc Diep, Biii Manh Cilotng, Xghicn cuu danh gia lap doan dong thuan phuc vu cong tac
choii tao giong ngo cho san xuat tiong niTdc vi xu^t khau ^ 17. Le Quy TUdng, Le Quang H6a, Nguyln Thi Bich Ngan. 93
Nghien ciiu kha nang sinh triicfng, phat trien va nang suat cua cac giong ngo nep lai tai H^ N91
18. Vu Hoai Son. Danh gia kha nang ket hop ciia mpt so dong 99 - ^ ngo CO thfJi gian sinh tridVng ngdn trong cac thdi vu khic nhau nam 2019
19. Nguyln Thanh Tuan, Nguyln Van Loc, Pham Thj Xuan. 103 ^ Danh gia kha nang sinh tiifdng, phat trien va nang suat ciia mot so giong dau xanh mtVi chon tao tai Thanh Hoa
20. N g u y e n T h i T h u T h u y , V u N g o c T h a n g , L e T h i T u y e t C h a m , 107 J Tran Anh Tuan. Vu Dinh Chinh, Shimo Koji, Shugo Hama.
Anh hiicfng ciia bot v6 trifng den sinh trifdng va nang suat cua giong lac L27 trong ditlu kien vu Thu Done tai Gia Lam - Ha Npi
21. Le Thi Thu Trang, La Tuan Nghia, Tran Thi Minh Hang, 115 " ^ Hoang Thi Hue, Dam Thi Thu Ha. Nghien cilu da dang di truyen nguon gen mUiip thu ihap d cac tinh mien Bac Viet Nam bang chi thi SSR
22. Vu Thuy Nga, Luang HCfu Thanh, Nguyen Thi Thu, D a m 120 ^ Thi Huyen, Dam Trong Anh, Nguyen Ngoc Q u y n h , Hiia Thj Son, Nguyen Kieu Bang Tarn, Do Van Manh. Nghien cdu x\i Iv biin thai ciia nha may san xuat bia lam phan bon hiiu CO
23. Chu Thanh Binh, Tran Van Tu5n, Biii Thi Viet Ha. Nghien 126 - ^ cL(u lh\l nghiem che' pham sinh hoc Pi diet tuyen triing gay benh cay ho tieu tai tinh Dak Lak
24. TranVanTuan.NghienciiusifdunggenkhangfiowriL'ol/incin 131 " ^ lam marker chgn loc diing cho chuyen gen vao nam lia nhiet Myceliophtbora thermophiia nhd vi khuan Agrobactciwm tumefacieiis
25. T r a n M i n h T i e n , Vu Thi Hong Hanh, Tran Thi Minh Ihi,. , ,, Dang Thi Thanh Hao, Vii Thi Ha, Le Thai Nghiep. D^it ! "^
gia hieu qua sii dung dat ciia cac cong thilc luan canh chin:, 6 tinh Hai Duong
Tap chiKhoa hoc Cong r j i e \5ng nghiep Vie: Nam - S64(l l3)/2020
KET QUA NGHIEN OfV KHOA HOC VA HOP TAC QUOC TE GIAI E>OAN 2015 - 2019 VA DINH H U O N G NGHIEN CUtJ
GIAI DOAN 2020 - 2025 CUA VIEN NGHIEN CIJU N G 6
Bin Manh Cuimg', Dang Ngoc Ha', Vifong Huy Minh', Nguyen Xuan Thang', Le \'an Hai', Nguyen Hai Yen', Nguyen Chi Thanh', Vii Thi Thu HdOng', Hoang Thi Lam', Nguyen Thi Nhung', Ta Dang Tien'
TOM T A T
Cong tac nghien ci(u khoa hoc va chuyen giao tien bo ky thuat ciia \'ien Nghien ciiu Ngo trong giai doan 2015 - 2019 da dat diiflc nhieu thanh tUu, dac biet la chon tao giong ngo lai. Cac giong mdi ddcfc tao ra c6 sU tien bp ve mat chat lUdng, kiia nang thich ijfng va kha nang chong chiu so vc(i the he giong trudc do. Trong cong tac nghien cifu, Vien da da dang hoa difoc san pham: Giong ngo nep, ngo d u d n g dat diioc mot so thanh tifu ve khoi lifpng, chat luong va kha nang i(ng dung. Ung dung cong nghe sinh hoc trong cong tac chon tao giong ngo lai ciia Vien da c6 nhiing thanh cong nhat djnh, da lam chCi diioc nipt so cong nghe m6i nhti: Inducer, cong nghe A D N (cong ngh^
chuyen gen), cong nghe te bao. Giai doan 2015 - 2019 thi phan cac giong cua Vien nghien cilu Ngo trong san xuat chiem 22,1%, diing thi( 3 sau Cong ty CP (25,8%) va Syngenta (26,6%).
Tit khoa: Vien Nghien citu Ngo, ket qua nghien cilu, dinh huong nghien cilu, hpp tac quoc te
I . D A T V A N DE
Giai d o a n 2015 - 2019, Vien N g h i e n ci3u N g o phSi doi m a t v6i n h i e u t h a c h thifc va k h o k h a n , do tinh h i n h san xuat n g o t r o n g n u d c tiep tuc suy giam ca ve dien tich cOng n h i i n h u cau tieu t h u giong ngo. D i e n tich san xuat n g o ca nifcfc n a m 2015 la 1.164,8 n g h i n ha, d e n n a m 2019 c o n 990,9 n g h i n ha
(Nien giam t h o n g ke n a m 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 - Tong cue T h o n g ke). Ngoai ra, d o tac dptig cua bien d o i khi h a u da a n h hiicfng rat Icfn d e n san xuat ngo t r o n g nL(6c, cay N g o k h o n g con difoc xac d i n h la cay t r o n g c h i n h da a n h hif6ng k h o n g n h o tcfi c o n g tac n g h i e n cilu k h o a h o c cua Vien N g h i e n cilu N g o t r o n g tlidi gian qua.
Bang 1. Dien tich, n a n g suat va san litpng ngo Viet Nam tit nam 2015 - 2019 Nam
Dien tich (nghin ha) Nang suat (ta/ha) Sin litcing (nghin tan)
2015 1.164,8
45,4 5.287,2
2016 1.152,4
45,3 5.225,6
2017 1.099,9
46,7 5.131,9
2018 1.039,0
47,2 4.905,9
2019 990,9
48,0 4.756,7 Nguon: Nien gidin thong ke (2017, 2018) - Tong cue Thong ke.
• Dien lich (nghin ha) 3 San liron^ (n^iin tan) -NSngsual(la'ha)
" Lmear (Dien tich (nghin ha))
" Linear (San luong (nghin tan))
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Hinh 1. Dien tich, nang suat va san lupng ngo Viet Nam tii nam 2015 - 2019
' Vien Nghien cilu Ngo
hiep I'ler ^am ~Sd4(l '3'''2020
II. .MOT SO KET QU.\ N G H l t N C C T KHOA HOC \ A H T y r TRONG G U I DO.\N 2015 • 2019
2 . 1 . Ket q u a IhUc h i e n n h i e m v u K h o a h o c c o n g n g h e c a c c a p va n h i e m v u t h i i ^ n g x u y e n t h e o chiic n a n g ( T X T C N ) giai d o a n 2 0 1 5 - 2 0 1 9 .
Giai d o a n 2015 - 2019 Vien da t h u c hien 52 nliiem vij K H C N g o m : 01 n h i e m v u d t i o c tai trO b d i W o r l d Banlt, 05 n h i e m ra c a p N h a n u o c , 15 n h i e m ra
cap Bo, 02 n h i e m vu cap dia p h u o n g , 02 n h u n ' \ n H T Q T , 12 n h i e m v u p h o i h d p , 12 n h i e m vu c-ip CO sA va 0 3 n h i e m vu T X T C N m o i n a m . Tong so k i n h p h i thiic h i e n c u a ca giai d o a n l i : 129..^70 ty d o n g , t r o n g d o k i n h p h i thifc h i e n ciid 2 0 1 5 , 20U^
2 0 1 7 , 2 0 1 8 va 2 0 1 9 lan l u o t l i : 2 7 , 0 3 5 t y d o n g : 24.530 tV- d o n g ; 25,767 ty d o n g ; 27,117 ty d o n g va 24,907 tV- d o n g .
Bang 2. Kinh phi thilc hien Nhiem vu cac cap gi; ai doan 2 0 1 5 - 2 0 1 9
STT I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
cS-
•DT/
DT/DA cac cap DT/DA cap Nha niidc DT cap Bo DT cap dja p h u o n g DT/DA phoi hop Du an Cap Bo DT/DA H T Q T Nhiem vu cap CO set Nhiem vu TXTCN TSng
6.000,00 fi titw.oo 4.000,00 3.000,00 2 000,00 1.000,00
H''..
I
"•»» 201.•i 2016
° * " " " ' ' ' 5.079,0 4 000,0 nirdc
2015 5.079.0 6.842,0
344,0 5.415,0 280,0 15,0 9.060 27.0,55
l l
2017 21I1S^ 3WM 2.100.0 2016 4.000,0 7.050,0
234,0 4.000,0
81,0 9.165 24.530
12"
2019
•
761.9
2017 3.500,0 6.642,0 420,0 1.027,0 4.000,0 350,0 22S.0 9.600 25.767
8.000,00 7tM0,00 6 000,00 5.000.00 4.000,00 3 000.00 2 000.00 1-000,00 0.00
• DTcapBo 2018 2.100,0 5.000,0 830,0 1.238,0 7.855,0 187,0 307,0 9.600 27.117
2015 201 6.842,0 7.05
DVT: Irieit dong 2019 Tong
761,9 15.440,9 4.400,0 29.934,0 1.650,0 2.900,0
835,3 3.678,3 7.684,1 28.954,1
196,4 ; 1.013,4 164,8 795,8 9.215 46.640,0 24.907 129.356,4
III I I I
6 2017 2018 2019 ,0 6 612,0 5-000,0 4.400,0 H i n h 2. Kinh phi DT/DA cap Nha nUdc
giai doan 2015-2019
H i n h 3. Kinh phi de tai cap Bo giai doan 2015-2019
2000 .0). 3
•f 1500
lOOO
500
1 1
2018 2(119 S30 1650,00 H i n h 4. Kinh phi de tai cap dia phUOng (2015 - 2019}
•DT D.'\ phoi hap 144 li4 I n r inj i 2",xii) HI H i n h 5. Kinh phi nhiem vu phoi h 0 p (2015 - 2019)
Tap ChiKhoa hoc Ccng ngr.e i V c u nghiep Vie! Nam - So 4i J: j i :o::o
2015 2015 2017 2018 2019
• DirancapeO 5.415,00 4 000,00 4.000,00 7.855,00 7.68d,10
Hinh 6. Kinh phi dif an cap Bo (2015 - 2019) Qua bang 2 va cac hinh 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 cho thay trong giai doan 2015 - 2019: Kinh phi de tai, dii an cap Nha niidc, de tai cap Bo c6 xu hUdng giam; Kinh phi de tai cap dia phUOng, cac nhiem vti phoi hcfp va kinh phi du an cap Bg c6 xu hildng tang dan. Cu the: De tai/dii an cap Nha niJ6c chiem 18,8% tong so kinh phi cac nhiem vu nam 2015, den nam 2019 chi con 3,1 %. De tai cap Bo, nam 2019 con 17,7 % long so kinh plii, giani hon so vdi nam 20151a 7,6%.
Kinh phi cac de tai dia phUOng tang tii 0% nam 2015 len 6,6 % nam 2019. Cac nhiem vu phoi hop tang tii 1,3% len 3,4%. Kinh phi dii an cap Bo tang til 20,0 % nam 2015 len 30,9 % nam 2019.
2.1,1. Mot so ket qua trong cong tac nghien ciiu khoa hoc giai doan 2015 - 2019
a) Ket qua nghien cihi co' ban
- Hoan thien he thong tai sinh; Phan lap gen dich;
Xay diJng difOc quy trinh chuyen gen chiu ban vao cay ngo bang phu'Ong phap gian tiep {sit dung vi khuan
Agrobacterium); Xac dinh difcfc ty le chuyen gen tren 2 nguon vat lieu vdi 2 gen chuyen la modiCspB vaZmDREB2A dat 0,28 - 0,83%.
- Bien nap thanh cong 03 vector mang gen chiu han vao 03 dong ngo, thu duOc 91 cay TO mang gen hliu thu dUOc xac dinh thong qua PCR; Doi voi cay Tl, ket qua phan tich PCR va phan tich Southern Blot xac dinh difo'c 11 cay mang gen chuyen, trong do: 04 cay chuyen gen ZmDREB2A (dong V152N:
02 cay, dong C436: 01 cay va dong C7N: 01 cay) va 07 cay chuyen gen modiCspB (dong V152N: 03 cay, dong C436: 02 cay va dong C7N: 02 cay).
Thu dtiOc 02 dong chuyen gen modiCspB {V152N va C436) va 02 dong chuyen gen ZmDREB2A (V152N, C7N) CO kha nang chiu han tot hon dong nen, ty 11 song sau khi gay han nhan tao d giai doan cay con cao hon dong nen tii 20,0 - 28,3% (Biii Manh Cu6ngvaC5.,2015).
400 350 300 250 200
2015
• OT/DA HTQJ 280
2016 2017 2018 2019 196,4
Hinh 7. Kinh phi nhiem vu HTQT (2015-2019) - Da chgn loc diiOc 6 dong ngo chuyen gen chiu han trong do 3 dong ngo chuyen gen modiCspB (ky hieu C436-C4, C7N-C15, V152-C32) va 3 dong ngo chuyen gen ZmDREB2A (C436-D3, C7N-D14, V152-D21) mang nhieu dac diem nong sinh hgc tot, on dinh va the hien tinh chiu han cao hon dong nen khong chuyen gen.
- Xac dinh diigc 3 sif kien chuyen gen ky hieu C4, C32 va D21 the hien sil c6 mat va bieu hien cua gen chuyen, on dinh qua cac the he cung nhti cho nang suat va kha nang chiu han viiot 10% so v6i dong nen doi chCfng.
- Danh gia sU bil'u hien, cau true phan tii va sti on dinh cua cac gen cijng nhil danh gia dac diem nong sinh hoc cua cac sii kien chuyen gen qua cac the he va xay diing diiOc bg ccf sd dii lieu sinh hoc phan tii va bo cO sd dCf lieu hinh thai nham sit dung nguon vat lieu phuc vu cong tac chon tao va phat trien giong ngo chuyen gen chiu han.
- Danh gia cac chi tieu ve an toan sinh hoc va btio'c dau xay diJng diiOc bo cO sd du! lieu cua sii kien C4 dap ling tieu chi dang ky khao nghiem du dieu kien su dung lam thiic pham va thiic an chan nuoi CLing nhti tieu chi dang ky khao nghiem danh gia rui ro doi voi moi triidng va da dang sinh hoc (Nguyen Xuan Thang va cs., 2020).
- Tao moi diiOc 8 dong mdi (F5.5, F5.12, F5.18, F5.22, BC5,8, BC5.9, BC5.21 va BC5.22) va 3 dong ke thCia (H665, H07 va 161 KS) c6 kha nang khang nam moc hong, c6 kha nang ket hop cao.
- Xac dinh dtiOc 6 chi thi SSR93, Nc030, Dupssr34,
Umcl489, UmclSlI, Umcl025 lien ket vdi tinh
kliang benh moc hong, trong do chi thi SSR93
(r-= 0,549, p = 0,005) va chi thi Umcl025 ( r ' - 0,521,
p = 0,005) CO khoang each tdi QTL lien quan tdi tinh
trang khang benh moc hong lan iifgt la 2,5 cM va
5,0 cM (Vuong Huy Minh va cs., 2018).
^apc^^!'^''--J^ocLQ'^ 'SD-irn3}''3020
b) Kit qua nghien ciiu ling dung
Thu thap duoc 15 nguon vat lieu tai cac ^ijng Tay Bac va lay Nguven
- Thu thap va chon tao diigc 33 nguon \^t lieu khang moc hong (bao gom cac vat lieu thu thap, ke thiia, chon tao); Thu thap diioc 52 nguon vat lieu phuc vu lai tao quy tu tinh khang de chon tao dong/giong khang benh moc hong.
- Da chgn tao duoc 300 - 400 dong thuan ngo te trong do CO hdn 20 dong c6 dp dong deu, kha nang ket hop cao va chong chju tot; 02 dong diipc tao ra tii cong nghe kich tao don boi.
- Da chgn tao difdc 20 dong thuan ngo nep, ngo diidng (trong do 14 dong diigc tao bSng phiio'ng phap truyen thong, 6 dong diiOc tao bang phuong phap nuoi cay bao phan) nang suat, chat liiong tot, cd kha nang chong chiu vdi sau benh va kha nang ket hgp cao.
Tao ra 5 ddng tU phoi (XK14.84, K14.96, XK14.87 XKM.88, XK14.92 va 3 dong dOn boi kep (XK14.54/B19-4.XK14.55/B19-6, XK14.56/B19-10) CO cac dac diem nong sinh hgc phii hop cho muc tieu lai tao giong ngo xuat kliau va san xuat trong nude nhU: Thdi gian sinh trUdng 105 - 116 ngay, hinh thai cay lol. chong chiu benh ddm la, sau diic than va benh kho van, chong do tot. nang suat dat
> 2.5 ta/ha.
- Tao mdi 12 dong thuan cd cac dac diem nong sinh hgc phti hpp cho muc tieu lai tao giong ngo lam thiic an gia siic: Chong chiu benh gi sal, kho van;
Trang thai cay giai doan chin sap dat diem 1 - 2; Bg la xanh ben; Kha nang ket hop chung cao ve nang suat chat xanh; Nang suat hat dat > 25 ta/ha.
- Danh gia va chon lUa diipc 16 dong ngo don boi kep trien vgng c6 kha nang sinh tri/dng phat trien tot, thich ling rpng, nang suat dong tren 3 tan/ha, chong chiu tot, c6 kha nang ket hop cao.
- Da tuyen chgn dUOc c^c THL va giong cd chi tieu su" dung lam thilc an xanh tot (ty le vat chat kho tren 20'^.., ty le protein thd tren S"o; ty le xd tho thap, cd nang suat sinh khoi cao tren 50 tan/ha) dd la:
CS71; NS8A; VS596A; CNlS-7; NXl; NX2; \'N5SS5;
MK399; TMl 8-1.. Giong VN172 da diipc cong nhan san xuat thii la gidng ngo sinh khoi nam 2019. Giong DH 17-5 cd nang suat sinh khoi cao cung dtidc cong nhan san xuat thiivao cuoi nam 2019.
- Danh gia, xac dinh diidc 17 to hpp lai trien vong. dac biet 6 to hpp lai (THL3, THL6, THL15, THL18. THL20. THL21) cd dac diem nong sinh hgc tot, chong chiu sau benh, dieu kien bat thuan va
nang suat hat > 90 ta/ha. Trong dd, THL15 .o "-ing suit hat cao hdn NK732S cd y nghia d mile ''.'^ "
- Ket qua cua thi nghiem so sanh to hop l-" ^^\
tii ngo nep, ngo dudng da tuyen chon diidc 5 - t' ''•^
hop lai trien vong va tiep tuc difgc gili thani gi''' •"^' mang ludi khao nghiem Quoc gia. Trong dd:
+ Da khao nghiem VCU cho cac giong: \'N5?9.
DLS9, VN188, NL18 va VN368.
+ Khao nghiem DUS cho 2 giong da diipc cong nhan san xuat thii vao nam 2019: DL 89 (vu 2) va VN559(\-u !).
- Da xac dinh 03 to hpp lai c6 kha nang chong chiu sau keo mua Tliu sti dung cac nguon vat lieu tii CIMMVT CN19-1; CN19'12; TM19-2.
- Da xay dilng nhieu mo hinh tham canh thu!
nghiem cac giong ngo lai trien vong cua Vien tai cac dia phiidng tren ca ntidc. Sdn La, Vinh Phiic, Hiing Yen, Thanh Hda, Quang Nam...
- Dao tao tap huan ky thuat san xuat gidng ngo te, ngo sinh khoi, ngo thdc pham cho nhOng ngiidi dan iham gia thiic hien md hinh va khong thilc hien md hinh.
- Chuyen giao nhieu quy trinh san xuat hat giong lai Fl va san xuat ngo thiidng pham tai cac dia philpng.
\'e nang cao nang liic khoa hgc cong nghe va doi mdi sang tao: Cd 3 phdng thi nghiem va 1 nha liidi dildc dau tU nang cap. Trong do cd 1 Phdng thi nghiem sinh hoc phan tii cua Vien dUdc nang cap cd bg ho so vdi dPn dang ky theo tieu chuan ISO/TEC 17025:2017 da diipc chap nhan, giiip tiep can va lam chu cdng nghe ling dung chi thi phan tii trong chon tao giong ngo lai.
- Nam 2019 Vien Nghien ciiu Ngd cd 01 Bang doc quyen giai phap hflu ich do Cue Sd hOu tri tue - Bp Khoa hpc va Cong nghe cap vdi ten sang che:
"Phan tii AND tai to hpp c6 nguon goc tii sii kien chuyen gen C4-52-1 va cay ngd chuyen gen chiu han chiia phan tii nay".
c) Ket qua cong nhan giong va TBKT
Da^cong nhan 40 gidng ngo va TBKT. trong dd:
20 giong dupe cdng nhan chinh thiic la GS9989, L\"\102, Dudng lai 20, LVNlll, LVN62, Nep lai sd 9, LVN152, VN5885, CS71. HTl 19, I>TC6H69
\'X663, AVA559, VN667, VS89, VS6939, Thinh vupng 9999, VS201, MK399, MK668 (trong do cd 1 gidng ngd diidng, 1 giong ngo nep), 19 giong dupe cdng nhan san xuat thii la LVN26, NSC87, nep U]
XT98, QPM NL 13-1. TC14-1, Nep lai VK556
XgonepTGlO, dudnglai DL668, VN116. IA\226
Tap chiKhoa hoc Cong " j n g [\idng nghiep Vier Nam -S64{'
VN1519, GL777, VN172, Nep lai VN559, dudng
lai DL89, nep lai G828. GL-797, TM181, DH17-5 (trong dd c6 2 giong ngd dUdng, 4 giong ngd nep va 2 giong ngd lam thilc an xanh) va 1 tien bg ky thuat mdi ve Qui trinh ky thuat canh tac tong hop va cd gidi hda hing phan cho san xuat ngd d viing mien niii phia BJc nOi cd dieu kien tham canh cao da dUdc cdng nhan. Nam 2019 dupe ghi nhan la nam cd so lUdng giong dUpc cong nhan \'Udt trpi so vdi cac nam trUdc.
2.2. Ket qua chuyen giao khoa hoc cong nghe giai
doan 2015 - 2019Giai doan 2015 - 2019 Vien Nghien cilu Ngd da dUPc chuyen nhUdng ban quyen 6 gidng ngd lai la LVN102, DTC6869, LVN669, Thinh VUpng 9999 (LVN399), LVN885 va DUdng lai 20 ; 26 giong ngd
lai dupe ky hop dong chuyen nhupng quyen phan phoi la LVNll 1, AVA 3668, A 380 (GS9989), HTl 19, G77, n'X152, A\A559, MK668. VS71, 1\'K17, LVN092, AVA3668 (LVN62), LVN97. LVN152, Nep
\TM556, TGIO, MK399, VN667, VN1519, VN18I9, VS89. VS201, VN116, VN667, va LVN12; nhieu giong ngd dUpc ky hdp dong nguyen tac chuyen giao cho cac ddn \i...; Trong do, tong doanh thu ban hang ciia Vien trong 5 nam tii 2015-2019 la 136,9 ty dong.
Doanh thu thu dupe tii chuyen giao quyen san xuat va san xuat kinh doanh la 21,1 ty dong (Hinh 8).
Hang nam, khoang 5.500 - 6.000 tan hat giong ngd do Vien nghien cvtu va chgn tao dUpe cung cap cho san xuat, chiem khoang > 20 % thi phan giong ngd lai tren toan quoc.
Bang 3. So lUdng gidng chuyen giao ban quyen giai doan 2015-2019
TSngso giong Chuyen giao theo hdp dong da ky, Trong do:
Ban ban quyen Dpc quyen phan phoi
2015 W
3 7
2016 6 0 6
2017 6 3 3
2018 2
1 2019
S
8
Tong so 32
6 26
Ty dong
Doanh thu ban hang 17,12 Chuyen gtaoquyenSXva SXKD 5,84
Tongso 22,96
• ^ ^ M Doanh thu ban hang M I M M Chuyen S 43,01
3,79 46,8
aoquyenSXv 21,69
7,74 29,43 AxisTitle a SXKD ^^m Tong sc
30,63 3,65 34,28
Linea 24,45
0,08 24,53
(Tongso)
Hinh 8. Doanh thu chuyen giao TBKT va ban quyen giong giai doan 2015 - 2019
2,3. Ket qua dao tao nguon nhan lUc giai doan (32,89%) va 92 can bg cd trinh dp cao dang va dudi
2015 - 2019 cao dSng (40,89%).Giai doan 2015 - 2019 cd 4 can bp cua Vien Tinh den thang 31/12/2019 Vien Nghien cilu
da bao ve thanh cdng luan an tien sy trong nUdc, Ngd hien cd 5 nghien cUu sinh, 5 hgc vien cao hgc
16 thae sy trong nUde va 3 thac sy nUdc ngoai. Theo dang theo hoc tai cac cO sd dao tao trong nUdc va
dd, toan Vien hien cd 16 Tien sy (chiem 7,11%), can bg dang theo hgc thac sy tai nUdc ngoai (VUdng
43 thac sy (19,11%), 74 can bg cd trinh dp dai hpc quocBi).
• \'ar- 'S64. i'iS),2020
Hinh 9. ThUc trang nguon nhan lUc ciia Vi?n nam 2019 (tinh den 31/12/2019)
2.4. So liiOng bii bdo dang tren tap chi trong nuoV va quoc te giai doan 2015 - 2019
Giai doan 2015 - 2019 cd 81 bai bao diioc dang tren cac tap chi trong nUdc va cd 2 bai duoc dang va 1 bai dupe chap nhan dang tren tap chi qudc te. Trong dd: nam 2018 cd 02 Poster dUdc giai thUdng va danh gia cao tai Hdi nghi Ngd Chau \ . Nam 2019 da xuat ban 02 eudn sach tham khao ehuven nganh.
Bang 4. So lUpng bai bao dang tren tap chi trong nUdcva quoc te til 2015 - 2019 So Itfffng bai bao 2015 2016 2017
Tgp chi trong nUdc 12 22 20 Tap chi Quoc le 1 1
Tongso 13 22 ^ 212018 10 10
2019 17
1 IS
Tong so 81
3 S4
2.5. Ket qua h(^p tac quoc te giai doan 2015 - 2019
Giai do^n 2015 - 2019 Vien Nghien cilu Ngo da tien hanh lam thii tuc cho 17 doan ra (di cac nUdc:
Trung Qudc, Han Qudc, An Dd, Cuba, Thai Lan,
Lao, Hoa Ky, Nepal, Indonesia...) va tiep 21 doan khach quoc te den tham va lam viec tai Vien (gom cac nUdc: Lao, Tliai Lan, Myanma, Han Qudc, Cuba, Phap.CIMYT..).
Bang 5. So lU^tng doan ra - doan vao giai doan 2015 - 2019 SolUdngdoan 2015 2016 2017 2018 Doanra 2 3 2 | 7 Doan tdi tham va lam viec tai Vien 3 5 7 4
2019 3 2
Tong so
in. NHiJNG KHO KHAN VA THUAN LOl TRONG CONG TAC NGHIEN CtfU KHOA HOC CUA VIEN GIAI DOAN 2015-2019
3.1. Nhflng thuan l0i ciia Vien trong giai doan 2015 - 2019
- Vien Nghien cUu Ngd ludn nhan dUpc sU quan tarn tii Lanh dao Bp Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon, Vien Khoa hoc Nong nghiep \'ie{ Nam (\'AAS) trong \'iec chi dao, dinh hUdng thUc hien cac nhiem \'u nghien cilu khoa hoc va chuyen giao tien bp ky thuat.
- Dang Ciy, Ban lanh dao \'ien da cd chu trUPng, chi dao kip thdi trong dinh hUdng boat dong nghien cilu va chuyen giao ciia Vien trong giai doan 2015 - 2019 nh4m da dang hda san pham, tao cong an viec lam va on dinh thu nhap cho ngUdi lao dong.
- Can bg nghien eilu trong toan \'ien ludn doan ket, phat huy tinh than \'Upt kho, hang say lao dong sang tad, to chile thue hien nghien cUu khoa hgc va san xuat kinh doanh de xay dUng Vien ngay cang Idn manh. Tao ra dUdc bp san pham dii Idn ve so lUpng va chat lUdng phuc vu san xuat.
- Cac ngudn kinh phi va kinh phi nghien cilu trong giai doan 2015 - 2019 dUpc tang cUdng hdn.
nhu nguon kinh phi tU cac nhiem vu dia phUdng, nhiem vu phoi hop. Dae biet tieu dU an First-MRI nam 2018 - 2019 da tang cUdng dugc trang thiet bi va cd sd vat chat cho Vien, tao tien de cho cdng tac nghien cilu cd ban cua Vien trong giai doan tiep theo.
3.2. Nhflng ton tai, han che trong cong tac nghien ciiu khoa hoc giai doan 2015 - 2019
- Nghien eUu khoa hgc giai doan 2015 - 2019 chUa chu trpng nghien cilu cd ban: Muon tao dupe giong tot thi nghien ciiu co ban phai di trUde mot budc.
- Mac du vat lieu da dUdc cai tien tuy nhien van chua tao ra dupc sU dot pha: do sU dung vat lieu cap 2, su dung tif cac gidng lai dUdc phdng thich ra san xuat. Da bd qua bUdc tai tao lai vat lieu ban dau nen mot so tinh trang tac ddng gen bi mat trong qua trinh ehpn loc... Trong khi dd, ket qua chon lao gidng mdi phu thugc vao: vat lieu ban dau, thdi gian, kinh phi va tU duy ciia nha chgn tao gidng.
- Ngudn nhan lUc: Day la thdi ky chuyen giao, the
he cd kinh nghiem chuyen mdn sau thi ve huu, (he
he tre thi chUa ihUe sU dam dUdng dUde cdng viec
chuyen mdn do vay ngudn nhan lUe chat lUdng cao
Tap ChiKhoa hoc Cong ng re \dng nghiep Viet Nam - So-', f i 31/2020 d a n g bi thieu hut can cd ke h o a c h d a o t a o n g u d n
n h a n life t r o n g giai d o a n tdi.
- C d sd vat chat p h u c v u n g h i e n cilu: C a n dUpc d a u t u . h o a n thien va n a n g cap, b d s u n g t r o n g nhflng n a m tdi d e tUdng x i l n g v d i tarn c d ciia V i e n n g h i e n cilu.
IV. DINH H U O N G CONG TAC NGHIEN COtJ KHOA HOC VA HTQT TRONG G U I DOAN 2020 - 2025 4.1. D i n h hUdng d o t p h a
a) Dot pha ve thay doi cd che quan ly
D e giai p h d n g sUc lao d d n g , giai p h d n g sflc i, tii d d tao ra dUpc sU n a n g d o n g , sang t a o c h o m o i cd n h a n . N h S m t a o ra dUpc n h O n g d d n g lUc m d i , n g u d n lUc m d i chd Vien t r e n cO sd: Khai t h a c tiem n a n g ve dat dai cua Vien; Khai t h a c tai n g u y e n di truyen (dd la cac g i d n g n g d lai); Khai t h a c ve tiem nang cdn ngUdi; Khai thac ve cd che. C a n b a n h a n h eP che m d i de tao d d n g lUc p h a t trien Vien; Thiic day dao tao can b p n g h i e n cilu cd t r i n h d p cao.
b) Da dang hoa sdn pham theo chudi
Ngd te se bi t h u h e p d a n ve thi p h a n , ngd n e p , ngd d u d n g da cd n e n m d n g va van e o n dU dia d e phat trien. T r o n g q u a t r i n h n g h i e n ciiu Vien N g h i e n ctlu Ngd p h a i xay dUng t h e o c h u d i gia tri c h o cac san p h a m ciia Ngd.
c) Cdi tien ve vat Ueu
Vat lieu la n e n t a n g d e c h g n tao ra b d g i o n g tot.
Giai d o a n tdi cac n g u d n vat lieu se tap t r u n g vao b p m d n Vat lieu di t r u y e n . D a y la b d m d n p h a i tao ra
d u p e eac n g u d n vat lieu Uu tu n h a t p h u c vu c d n g tac c h g n tao g i o n g ciia \ ' i e n .
4 . 2 . C a c d i n h h i f d n g khac
T a n g cUdng hdi n h a p q u d c te: Giai d o a n tdi Vien CO e h U d n g t r i n h h p p tac vdi C u b a ve chuj'en giao g i d n g va k y t h u a t gieo t r o n g , day la ca h d i va la n i e m tU h a o ve cac g i o n g ngd lai ciia Vien. N g o a i cac thi t r i i d n g s i n cd nhU Lao, C a m p u c h i a , M y a n m a r . T r u n g Q u d c . . . t r o n g d i n h h i i d n g k i n h d o a n h cua Vien cdn p h a i \'Udn ra cac thi t r U d n g k h a c . TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Biii M a n h C u d n g va cs., 2015. Bao cao tong ket de tai nghien cUu chuyen gen nang cao tinh trang chki han vao mot so ddng ngo b o me dang dUdc ap dung trong san xuat, nhiem vu cap Nha nifdc. ma sd:
KC.04.02/11-15.
VUdng Huy M i n h va cs., 2018. Bao cao tong ket de tin chgn tao giong ngo khang benh moc hong bang chi thi phan til.
Nguyen X u a n Thang va cs., 2020. Bao cao long ket de tai nghien cUu tao sU kien (event) ngd bien doi gen chin han dap ilng ve an toan sinh hoc va cd gia tri kinh te cao.
Tong cue T h o n g ke, 2015. Nien giarn thong ke 2015. Nh^
xuat ban Thong ke.
Tong cue T h o n g ke, 2016. Men giam thong ke 2016. Nha xuat ban Thong ke.
T d n g c u c T h o n g k e , 2017. Mew gidm (/lon^/ce 2077. Nha xuat ban Thong ke.
Tong cue T h o n g ke, 2018. N/en giam th6ngke20I8.Uhii xuat ban Thong ke.
Results of scientific research and international cooperation in the period of 2015 - 2019 and orientation for 2020 - 2025
of the Maize Research Institute
Bui Manh Cuong, Dang Ngoc Ha, Vuong Huy Minh, Nguyen Xuan Thang, Le Van Hai, Nguyen Hai Yen, Nguyen Chi Thanh, Vu Thi Thu Huong, Hoang Thi Lam, Nguyen Thi Nhung, Ta Dang Tien The Maize Research Institute (MRl) made significant achievements of scientific research and technology transfer in the period of 2015 - 2019, especially in hybrid maize breeding, which helps improving the quality, adaptability and tolerance of maize varieties. Towards diversifying products, fresh corn varieties (waxy corn, sweet corn) with good quality and applicability have been comprehensively researched and practically developed. In addition, some remarkable results in applying biotechnology into hybrid maize breeding have been achieved through having mastered new technologies such as doubled haploid technology by inducers, DNA technology (gene transfer technology), cell technology In the period of 2015 - 2019, using MRI's hybrid maize varieties in production was estimated to be around 22.1% market share in maize hybrid seeds, ranking the third in Vietnam after CP Group (25.8%) and Syngenta company (26.6%).
Keywords: Maize Research Institute, research results, research orientation, international cooperation Ngay n h a n bai: 10/4/2020
Ngay p h a n bien: 20/4/2020
NgUdi p h a n bien: P G S . TS. D a o The A n h Ngay d u y e t d a n g : 2 9 / 4 / 2 0 2 0