Paul Chafe, PhD, MA, BA, Contract Lecturer, Ryerson University, Faculty of Arts, Department of English, Toronto, ON, Canada. Catherine Jenkins, PhD, MA, BA, Contract Lecturer, Ryerson University, Faculty of Communication and Design, School of Professional Communication, Toronto, ON, Canada. Jing Han, BTech Student, Ryerson University, Faculty of Communication and Design, Graphic Communications Management, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Christo Luksatrio, BA Student, Ryerson University, Faculty of Communication and Design, School of Professional Communication, Toronto, ON, Canada. Andrew Tang, BTech Student, Ryerson University, Faculty of Communication and Design, Graphic Communications Management, Toronto, ON, Canada.
INTRODUCTION
TIME IS ON YOUR SIDE
- Annotate your experience
- Take notice
- Be granular
Identify a central concept that we feel best explains the heart of the author's complex argument. Conduct an initial investigation of a potential thesis that suggests a critical examination of the author's complex argument. You can draw arrows connecting different parts of the text in the margin as a way to follow the author's logic and argument.
If you come across a word that is new to you, it is likely that the word is significant to the central message or theme of the text. The more information you have, the more sophisticated your reading will be and the deeper your understanding of the text will be.
The Ultimate Communications App
EVIDENCE
Essay planning is an exercise that demonstrates clear understanding, meaningful citation, and succinct paraphrasing of the text's arguments. Your thorough understanding of the text you are analyzing will determine the structure of your essay and its validity. When drafting your plan, make sure that the evidence you use accurately reflects the content of the original text you are analyzing.
Have you included everything that you believe will lead to your most interesting and controversial reading of the text. This opening will function as an analytical lens through which you will examine the details of the text.
Kids Around the World Just Want to Hang Out
THE FULL THREE STOREY THESIS
These two specific pieces of evidence are the pieces of evidence you are using to then analyze the author's complex argument in your own words. In a two-story thesis, it is essential to identify the author's audience (or who the author is arguing for) and in which genre the author works. You can then use your understanding of the author's audience and genre to focus more strongly on the author's argument.
Your two-story thesis statement should propose an examination of the purpose and function of the author's essay; Giving your opinion on the author's topic is not the goal of a close reading. Rather, your thesis should combine the components of audience, genre, and evidence to produce your focused and unique examination of the author's particular argument. Does each piece of your evidence add another part of the author's complex argument to your thesis.
You should make sure that the second floor restates the author's argument in your own words and is not a statement of your opinions on the author's topic. The author's argument is complex and therefore your proposed examination of that argument must also be complex. There are a few simple checks you can make to make sure you're using college-level language to reconstruct the author's argument.
If you are struggling with this, review your identification of the author's potential audience and refer to this audience by name. The third floor must be expanded to consider the argument of the original text as a whole and the wider world of the author's audience. The key is that your third floor should follow logically from the first two floors and broaden the scope of your close reading to consider the breadth of the author's complex argument and the importance of your analysis.
An Example Third Storey
FROM THESIS TO ESSAY
Your third floor considers the results and consequences of the kind of analysis suggested in the second floor. You want to be sure that you haven't strayed into your own unanalytical discussion of the author's topic. The author does not pay attention to the potential consequences and results of the analysis proposed in the second floor.
This will likely mean going back to the text and adding another keyword or phrase to help you get at the expanded scope of the author's complex argument. Instead, think of the third floor as taking the first two floors and opening them up to the wider scope of the author's argument. Now you need to focus on being as precise as possible with your language so that your analysis of the author's argument is as clear and sophisticated as possible.
Therefore, when identifying the best evidence to base your analysis of the author's complex argument, look for the language that is richest in connotative value. Now that you've evaluated your three-story thesis statement, rewrite it to elevate your language and reflect the full complexity of your proposed reading of the author's argument. He uses the contrast between "cooperation" and "conflict" (section 11) in combination with the repetition of the word "common" (section.
Now that you have a solid foundation of evidence, you are ready to present our analysis of the author's complex argument. Underline each part of the complex reasoning on the second floor so you know what deserves its own paragraph. Underline each part of the third floor so you know what deserves its own paragraph.
MAINTAINING FOCUS AND PURPOSE: THE BODY PARAGRAPHS
Do you have a hard copy of the article you are analyzing, complete with your notes and marginal comments. If you can now answer "Yes" to each of the questions in the checklist above, you are ready to start writing. Speaking to an audience of first-year university students in Canada in "The Ultimate Communications App", Charles Justice used the contrast of "cooperation" and "conflict" in combination with the repetition of the word "general" to conclude his argument . , Justice argues that while humans have become distanced to "occupy different places" through technological, agricultural and domestic evolution, it is the shared historical fact that humanity grew from the same original roots of collective language construction that every modern human shares with their human united. Peers around the world. Considering the definition of the commons as "a level playing field", Justice concludes with a call to arms that elevates people to understand their ethical responsibility not only to each other, but to "share" in the current concerns of a globalized population of people in the entire "Earth's biosphere".
As you imagine what your first body paragraph will look like, it's worth remembering one of the central notions we discussed in Chapter 2. Our first body paragraphs will analyze aspects of the text that create this "common" tendency to t was connected. Remember that your thesis is still in development and may change slightly as writing body paragraphs forces you to deal with specific aspects of the text under analysis.
Please note: We have now begun the analysis of the evidence upon which we have developed the second floor of our three-story thesis. In our outline, we set our goal in this paragraph, overlaying the contrast of "cooperation" and "conflict" with the repetition of the word "common" by answering what the two evidences have to do with each other. We set up this paragraph quite nicely with the closing sentence in paragraph 2 making this connection first. Order is a combination and interaction of claim and evidence that produces your interpretation of the text.
Speaking to an audience of first-year university students in Canada in "The Ultimate Communications App," Charles Justice uses the contrast of "cooperation" and "conflict" combined with the repetition of the word "common" in the conclusion of his argument. From this, Justice argues that although technological, agricultural, and domesticational evolution has led humans to move away from “occupying different places,” the shared historical fact is that humanity grew from the same primordial roots of the construction of a collective language that unites every modern human from its human opponents around the world. Reiterating his definition of the commons as a "level playing field," Justice concludes with a call to arms extolling people to grasp their ethical responsibility not only to each other but to "participate" in present concerns. globalized human populations throughout the "earth's biosphere". In addition, Justice claims that "here in the rainforests of the Pacific Northwest, fresh water is a common resource."
ONE LAST TIME BEFORE YOU GO
THE CONCLUSION AND FINAL REVIEW
MAKING YOUR OWN ARGUMENT
In this textbook, you will focus on just ONE central document to build your argument. When writing our social media and protest essay example, you will need to identify a specific central document that will provide your argument with strong supporting evidence for your argument. Therefore, you must be focused and precise in limiting the scope to an appropriate central document.
This process of choosing a short, specific central document is essential to making your own university-level argument, regardless of your discipline or faculty. This will help you arrive at observations about the content of the central document and may be potential evidence on which to base your future argument. What mechanics are UNIQUE to the SPECIFIC central document - i.e. a word limit, a focus on photos, the image disappearing after a set time, etc.
You can do this by looking at the list of evidence you gathered after reading your core document carefully and asking:. Does your evidence address the content and medium of your central document. As you can see, not only do we list our two selected pieces of evidence, we also identify the central document (The Occupy Wall Street Facebook page) and the specific aspects of the central document that we will examine (the post and its comment thread).
What are the benefits to the user/reader that arise when interacting with your central document and how do those benefits relate to the evidence you have chosen. What problems for the user/reader arise when interacting with your central document and how do those problems relate to the evidence you have chosen. At this point, aim for one or two sentences that make an argument about your central document using the evidence you have chosen.
GATHERING RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHING EVIDENCE
In this chapter we will
