Thyc tien - Kinh nghigm T o p <h< C « n g s d n
BAC KAN PHAT HUY TIEM NANG, LOI THE,
PHAN DAU TUNG BUOC TRO THANH TJNH GIAU MANH
HOANG NGQC Dl/dNG*
Bu&c vdo th&i ky diy mgnh cdng nghipp hda, hipn dgi hda Mt nu&c, mdi dia phuffng deu phdi chpn cho minh mpt hu&ng di, cdch ldm phit hpp.
Tiiy theo dieu kipn md hu&ng di, cdch ldm cua cdc ^a phuffng cd the khdc nhau, nhung tit cd deu cd diem chung Id phdi phdt huy tiem ndng, the mgnh rieng cd cua minh de hpi nhpp vd phdt trien. Dd cdng Id suy nghf vd hdnh dpng cua Ddng bp vd nhdn ddn tinh Bdc Kgn.
AC KAN la tinh midn nui, vung cao,
D
"^ nam sau tiong npi dia. Thj xa tinh ly y each Thu dd Ha Npi 170 km vd phia bac. Tdng difn tich ty nhidn Id 4.859 km^; dan sd 300 ngdn ngudi, frong dd dan tpe thidu sd chidm 84% dan sd. Tu khi dupe tdi Igp (ngay 01-01-1997) ddn nay, tinh hinh kinh ll - xd hpi cua tinh da cd sy phdt tridn vupt bae.Tdng tmdng kinh tl giai dogn 1997-2010 dat khoang 10%/ndm, ndm 2011 dgt 13%.
An ninh luong thyc dupc bdo ddm vdi sdn lupng luong thyc binh quan diu ngudi ttdn 520 kg/ndm. Co cau eay ttdng, vat nudi cd sy chuydn bidn tieh eye, budc dau hinh thdnh mpt sd vung sdn xudt hang hda chuydn eanh vdi nhftng cdy trong d^c sdn, cd gid trj kinh td cao, nhu quyt, hdng khdng hat, che shan tuylt, khoai mdn va dong rilng. Difn tich ttong rung mdi hing nam dgt trdn d.OOOha (rieng ndm 2011 da trdng gin I4.500ha), nang ty If che phii rimg dgt 58,7%. Duy tti tdng ddn ttdu, bd trdn 100 ngdn con, dan
Ipn frdn 150 ngdn con. Gid trj san xuat cdng nghifp tdng tmdng binh quan 11,94%/nam.
Hf thdng kdt edu hg ting dd thj, ndng thdn dupc quan tdm ddu tu xdy dyng. Nhieu cdng trinh quan ttpng, nhu difn, dudng, trudng hpc, bfnh vifn,... dd hodn thdnh vd dupc dua vdo su dyng, Idm thay ddi ddng ke difn mao dd thj va ndng thdn. LTnh vyc van hda - xd hpi ed nhieu chuydn bidn tidn bp. Tinh dupc cdng nhgn dgt chudn qudc gia phd cap giao dye" tiiu hpc thang 12-1998 va dupe edng nhgn dgt chuan phd cgp tmng hpc ca sd tir thang 12-2005. Cdng tdc gidm ngheo dgt kit qua khich If, theo chudn cua moi giai dogn:
Ty If hp ngheo giai dogn 2000 - 2005 gidm tir 48% xudng cdn 12,5%; giai dogn 2006- 2010 gidm tft 50,87% xudng cdn 17,6%; giai dogn 2011 - 2015 phdn diu giam tu 32,13%
xudng cdn 10% (ndm 2011 dd giam dupc
• TS, Pho Bi thir Tinh Qy, Chu tich ijy ban nhSn dfin tinh B5c Kan
88 -So 837 (thdng 7 niim 2012)
Thuc tien - Kinh nghiem Tgp chf C^ng s a n 8,61%, chi cdn 23,52%). An ninh, ttgt ty ttdn
dia ban dn dinh, lao mdi tmdng Idnh mgnh dl thu hut diu tu, phat ttiln san xuit va kinh doanh, gdp phin thyc hifn thing Igi nhifm vu phdt hidn kinh te - xd hdi dja phuang. Cd the ndi, kdt qua dgt dupc hi khi tai lap tinh ddn nay la rat to Idn va todn difn, song vdn chua tirang xiing vdi tiem ndng, Ipi Ihl ciia Bdc Kgn.
Trdn tinh than ddi mdi vd each nghT, cdch lam; tgp tmng mpi ngudn lyc dl phat ttien ndn kinh td; xda bd cdc rao can ldm cham qua trinh phat ttidn; Ddng bd va nhan ddn tinh Bac Kgn phan ddu ttong giai dogn 2010 - 2015 dat mdc tang tmdng kinh td 15%/nam. Be dgt dugc myc tieu nay, ttdn CO sd nhin nhan, ddnh gid mdt each khoa hgc, khdch quan ve nhung tidm ndng, lgi thd ciia dja phuong, Bae Kgn xae djnh hudng di phil hpp, phdn dau timg bude ttd thanh tmh gidu mgnh. Vd tdng thd, tmdc mdt cung nhu lau dai, tinh ehu tmang ddy mgnh phdt ttien ndng - lam nghifp hang hda gan vdi xdy dyng ndng thdn mdi, coi ddy chinh Id hudng di ldn va Id md hinh cdng nghifp hda, hien dgi hda cua Bdc Kgn. Ben egnh dd, tinh quan ldm Idm tdt cdng tac quy hogch, dau tu cd trgng tam, ttgng didm dd timg budc khai thac tiem nang du ljch, dua du ljch ddng gdp ngay cang ldn eho GDP, ddng thdi phat triln cdng nghidp khai thac, chd bien khoang sdn gan vdi bao vd mdi tmdng sinh thai.
Bay manh phat trien ndng - lam nghifp gin vdi xay dung nong thon mdl
Bde Kgn cd didn tich tu nhidn tuang ddi rfng, ttong dd cd tdi 85% difn tich la rimg
va ddt rdng, dilu dd tgo ra nhilu khd khan nhung cung dem lai eho Bdc Kgn mgt lpi the Idn vi nhu cdu vd gd hidn nay d ttong nude Cling nhu tren thi gidi ngay eang tang.
Nhiing ndm gin day, linh Bde Kgn tap tmng vdo cdng tde quy hogch vd hoaeh djnh ehiln lupc phat trien kinh te - xa hgi phii hpp vdi dieu kifn, tidm ndng, Ipi thi von cd. Xdc djnh trdng rimg gdn vdi ehl bien Idm sdn tgo ra gia trj gia tdng Id hudng di chinh vdi myc tieu giai dogn 2011 - 2015 se trdng dO.OOOha rung (12.000ha/nam). Tuy nhidn, mpt van dd dat ra la lya ehpn logi cay trdng dem lai hifu qua kinh td, bdi vi bao ddi nay ngudi dan da cd rimg nhung van nghdo. Sau khi nghien cdu ky, tinh Ihdng nhat chi dao tap tmng ttdng cay keo. Bdi vi, so vdi mdt sd loai cay trong khae, cay keo cd nhidu uu didm, nhu tdc dp smh tmdng nhanh, cai tgo dat tdt, bidn dp sinh thdi rpng, gia cdy gidng khdng cao, nhu cau thj trudng Idn, gia ban san phdm eao vd cd thd ttdng ttdn nhieu logi dat. Nhung mudn phat tridn kinh Id ldm nghifp ben vung thi phai gan san xuat vdi ehe bien de ed dau ra dn djnh. Dap ung nhu cau dd, Cdng ty Ldm nghidp Bac Kgn, Tdng Cdng ty cdng nghifp Sai Gdn vd Tdng Cdng ty xay dyng nhd d Hd Ndi dd lien doanh, lidn kit thdnh lgp Cdng ty cd phdn SAHABAK (chuydn che bidn cac san phdm tii gd). Vdi vide Cdng ty cd phin SAHABAK ra ddi va sdm di vdo hogt ddng, bai todn dau ra cho trdng ning ve co ban dd dupe giai quydt.
Cdng ty cd phin SAHABAK dd dua nhd mdy sdn xudt vdn thanh vdo hogt ddng tft ndm 2010 vdi cdng suit 3.000mVndm, su dyng khoang U.OOOm^ - 16.000m' nguydn lifu/ndra. Cdng ty dang tidp tiic dau tu xay Sft 837 (thang 7 nam 2012) 89
Thyc tien - Kinh nghigm T g p chf c o n g "An dyng nhd mdy sdn xuit vdn MDF vdi long vin
diu tir 1.140 ty dong, edng suit 108.000mV ndm, nhu ciu 200.000m' nguydn lifu/ndm (tijong duang 20.000ha rimg), dy kiln hodn Ihdnh dua vdo sdn xuat tu quy 11 ndm 2014.
Trong tuang lai, cung vdi diu tu cho trong rimg, linh sd kdu gpi cde doanh nghifp trong vd ngodi tinh diu hJ xdy dyng thdm mft so nhd mdy ehl bien go d phia bac dk gidm chi phi v ^ chuyin, tdng thdm lpi nhugn tft phdt tnen kinh tc rimg eho ngudi dan.
v l trong trpt, tinh chu tmcmg duy tri difn tich liia, ngd hifn cd, dua bp giong liia thuan vdo gieo cay dgi trd de bao ddm an ninh luang thye. Cdn Igi, lgp tmng ehu ydu vdo phat tridn trdng cay dong rieng, mpt logi eay bdn dia, phu hpp vdi khi hgu, thd nhudng vd tap qudn canh tde eua ddng bao dan tpe thilu sd. Chi tinh rieng vife ttdng dong ridng bdn cd vdi gia tmng binh 1.500 ddng/kg, ngudi ddn cung ed the thu nhdp khodng 80 - 100 ttifu ddng/ha/ndm.
Ddng chu y la, tii cu dong rieng din khi chd bidn thdnh mien dong ehudi gid tii tdng them ddn 60%. Tu md hinh tgi hai huyfn Na Ri va Ba Be, ndm 2012 phong ttdo frdng eay dong ridng dd lan rpng ra hau hdt cdc huyfn frong tinh, vdi difn tieh han 1.800 ha, tdng ba Idn so vdi ndm 2011. Bdn egnh vife chi dgo tdng nhanh difn tieh cay dong ridng, tinh dd tich cyc thye hifn cdc gidi phdp nhdm dn djnh dau ra bing cde bipn phap nhu chi dgo Ngdn hang Ndng nghifp vd Phdt tridn ndng thdn uu tien eho vay vdn, dimg quy khuyln cdng dd hd frp cac doanh nghifp va cae hp gia dinh mua eac day chuyen che bien san pham bpt va sdn xuit miln dong, nhim tidu thy hit sdn pham ddu ra cho ndng dan.
v l chdn nudi, tinh tgp tmng nudi ddn ndi nin nhim eai tgo con lai cd ehat lupng san phim tit vd thj tmdng tieu tiiy ldn. Hifn nay, dd hinh thdnh mpt so trang trgi san xuit giong d hai huyfn Ngan San vd Na Ri dl cung eip gi^ng cho lodn tinh.
Cdng vdi vifc diy mgnh sdn xuit hudng vdo cdc ddi tupng cdy trong, v^t nudi nhu trdn, Bic Kan dang t^p tiling sdm hodn thdnh quy hogch xay dyng ndng thdn mdi d til cd cdc xd ttong todn tinh. Tap ttung nguon lyc, vgt lifu, thyc hifn phuang chdm
"Nhd nudc vd nhan dan cung Idm" frong diu tu xdy dyng ket cdu hg ting kinh td - xd hfi d ndng thdn. Tdng cudng xay dyng cac cdng tiinh difn, thiiy lpi, giao thdng, nudc sinh hogt, xu ly rdc thai, td ehue tdt eac dilm buu ehinh vidn thdng, cde thilt chl vdn hda thdng tin,... phyc vy sdn xuat va dan sinh.
Tiip tyc nang cao chdt lupng phong tiio
"Toan dan xay dyng ddi sdng vdn hod" gdn vdi tiep tye day mgnh vifc hpc tgp vd lam theo tdm guong dgo due Hd Chi Minh. Tgp tnmg xdy dyng ndng thdn mdi cd ddi sdng vdn hda ldnh mgnh, phong phu, gift gin ban sic vdn hda dan tdc, diy mgnh phong trao vdn hda vdn nghf, bai tru md tin dj doan.
Xay dyng md hinh ndng thdn xanh - sgch - dpp. Thyc hifn nep sdng vdn minh ttong vife cudi, vife tang vd ll hdi. Xdy dyng mo hinh gia dinh vdn hda dien hinh miu myc d ndng thdn.
Ve quy hoach \k dau tv phit triln dulich
Cung vdi cdc dja danh ljch su nhu ATK Chp Ddn, Phu Thdng, Ddo Giang,... Bdc Kgn dupc thien nhien ban t^ng hh Ba Bd, 90 So 837 (thdnK 7 nam 2012)
Thyc tien - Kinh nghigm Tgp chf C^ng s d n mdt ttong 20 hd nudc ngpt ti; nhien ldn
nhit thd gidi. Hd ed dipn tich rpng 500 ha, nim ttong Vudn qudc gia Ba Bd. M$t hd trdi dai 8km, rOng td 200m din 1.000m. Dp sdu trung binh 17m - 23m; noi sdu nhat Idn din 29m. Hd Ba Be eang dpp hon bdi cd hf ddng vdt phong phu, da dgng vdi 417 lodi thyc vdt, 299 loai dpng vgt ed xuang song, trong hd ed 49 loai cd nudc ngpt, ttong dd cd nhidu loai cd nudc ngpt dde tmng cua vung Ddng Bdc Vift Nam, nhu cd chdp kinh, ca anh vu, cd ram xanh va ca Idng. Todn cdnh hd nhu mpt hue ttanh thuy m$e Idm say Idng du khdch khi ldi nai day. Chinh vi vd dep vd sy dpe dao ttong cdu tgo dja chdt, dja mao md Vudn qude gia Ba Be da dupc cdng nhan Id Vudn di san ASEAN vd Khu Ram- sar (vimg dit ngap nude cd tim quan ttpng qudc td) thu 3 cua Vift Nam.
Tuy nhidn, do chua dupe quy hoach, dau tu diing mdc, ndn den nay hd Ba Be van chua thyc sy ttd thanh diem du ljch hap ddn du khach. Dd phdt trien du lich Ba Be mdt edeh bdi bdn, Idu dai, ddng thdi gin gift dupc nhijng net dep thidn nhien vdn cd cua nd, tinh Bde Kgn dd bdo cao vd dupe Thu tuong Chinh phu ddng y chu tmong thud tu v ^ nude ngoai lap quy hogch du Ijch Ba Bd. Tinh da tidn hanh ky kit hpp ddng vdi Cdng ty Nikken Sekkei Civil Engineering Ltd cua Nhdt Bdn, dan vi tning thau tu van, lgp dy an quy hogch du ljch Ba B I . Quan didm cua tinh frong quy hogeh du lich Ba Bd la, du lieh sinh thai gdn vdi phdt tiidn kinh te, phii hpp vdi quan didm bao tdn vd phdt triln. Dua tten co sd tinh da dgng sinh hpc cua Vudn qudc gia Ba Bd, eac danh hifu da dupc td chdc quIe tl cdng nhdn dd xdy dyng
thuang hifu. Dy kidn quy hogch ehi tidt sS dupc tiln hanh trong 8 thdng. Sau khi hoan chinh quy hogeh, tinh sd t§p trung ngudn lyc, ddng thdi keu gpi dau tu dd thyc hidn quy hogch, nhim ddnh thuc vd phdt huy hifu qud tidm ndng du ljch ho Ba Bd, mpt thing cdnh thidn nhien tuyft vdi.
Phit trien cong nghidp khai thic, che bien Ichoing san gin vdi bao v^
mdi tru-d^g
Bic Kgn cd 165 md vd diem qudng vdi eae logi khodng san cd trft lupng khd ldn Id: kdm chi (trft lupng khoang 4 trifu tin), sdt (khoang 22 trifu tin), vang (tru lupng khodng 39 tdn), ngodi ra cdn cd cdc md dd vdi, da tring, ddt set,... Day la didu kifn thuan Igi dd tinh phat tridn cdng nghifp khai thac, chl bidn khoang san. Vdi quan didm khai thdc tilm nang khoang san, nhat la quang kem chi, sit de day nhanh tde dp phat triln kinh tl dja phuong, tinh dd dd ra kl hogch, vdi cae budc di phu hpp, cy thd, nhu quy hogeh lgi ngdnh edng nghipp khai thac va ehd biln qugng kem ehi, sat frdn dja ban; khdng xuit qudng thd, chi cdp md cho nhtmg doanh nghifp dau tu xay dyng nha may chd biln sau cd cdng sudt ldn vdi cdng nghp hifn dai, cd ngudn lyc dau tu dd xd ly vl mdt mdi tmdng.
Nhd tdng cudng qudn ly, ndn thdi gian gin day ngdnh cdng nghifp khai thdc, che biln khodng san fren dja ban tinh da cd nhftng chuydn biln tich eye. Mdt sd nhd mdy chl biln sdu khodng sdn dang tich cyc dupe diu tu xdy dyng vd se di vdo hoat dpng ttong thdi gian tdi day, nhu: Dy an xay dyng nhd mdy sit xdp 100.000 tin/nam cua Cdng ty cd phin vgt tiJ thilt bj toan bd MATEXIM;
sl 837 (thdng 7 n^m 2012) 91
Thyc tien - KirUi nghigm T g p chf C ^ n g sdn Dy an chl biln qu§ng chi, kdm cdng suit
30.000 tin/ndm eiia Cdng ty TNHH Ngpc Linh,... Khi cdc nhd mdy chl biln khodng san vd mpt so co sd san xual cdng nghifp khdc, nhu Nhd mdy san xuit thuoc Id dilu, ehe bien gd MDF, cdc co sd san xuat bpt dong rieng va chd bien midn dong di vdo hogt dpng ddng logt trong thdi gian tdi sd giai quyll vife ldm on djnh cho hdng ngdn lao dpng, tdng thu eho ngan sdch vd gdp phan lam thay ddi tich cyc ca cau kinh te dja phucmg.
Cai thi^n moi trudng dku tir De khai thde dupc tiem ndng, lpi the, ngoai vide phdt huy ndi luc lgi cho, tinh xae djnh phai huy dpng ldi da ngudn lyc hi bdn ngodi thdng qua vifc cai thifn rd rft mdi tmdng ddu tu, tao mpi didu kifn thugn lpi eho cdc doanh nghipp dau tu vdo Bic Kgn.
Trong dd, hdt sdc chii tipng thuc hidn tdt cdc ehinh sdch khuyen khieh ddu tu ttdn dja ban tinh. Hudng dan, giiip dd cdc thanh phin kinh td trong vifc djnh hudng diu tu. Rd sodt lai lit cd cac thu tyc cho thud dit, eip phdp dau tu cho ca ddi tupng ttong vd ngoai nudc;
cdi each va don gidn hda cae thii tyc hdnh chinh, thye hifn phuong an "mpt cda". Tgo didu kifn tdi da cho cae doanh nghifp vao dau tu va hogt dgng san xudt, kinh doanh tien dja bdn Bdc Kgn.
Chinh quydn tinh sd tham gia cung ede dganh nghipp tim kilm tiij tmdng tieu thy sdn pham eho cdc doanh nghifp; tryc tiip td chuc cde hpi nghj, dien dan ddi thogi dl nghe y kiln cua cae doanh nghifp, nhdm giup hp thao gd nhiing khd khdn vudng mic ed lien quan din cdc chl dp, chinh sach d dia phuang.
Danh myc cdc dy dn khuyln khieh diu tii lidn tyc dupc cgp nhgt la co sd cho cdc nhd diu tu chpn lya phii hpp vdi kha ndng eiia minh. Cde ca quan thanh, kilm tra khdng dupc kidm tra ede doanh nghifp nhilu Ian Irong ndm. Vifc kilm tra thudng xuydn theo quy djnh eua phdp lugl phdi dupc thdng bdo tmdc cd vd thdi gian vd npi dung eho cac doanh nghifp.
Trdn tinh thin mgi ngudi deu ed thi dau tu ldm dn lgi Bie Kgn ddi vdi nhiing ngdnh nghl md lugt phdp khdng cam, Bie Kgn chu tmang sd khdng dua ra thdm bdt cu mft thii tye hdnh ehinh ndo ngoai quy djnh ciia Trung uong, vdi mong mudn kdu ggi, dgng vidn mpi thanh phan kinh te, mpi doanh nghifp cua Tmng uong vd cdc linh, thdnh phd tten ca nudc cung tgp tmng ngudn lye de dau hr tgi ddy. Quan tdm gidi quydt van dd cdn ban nhat Id bao dam sy hai hda Ipi ieh cda doanh nghifp, eda ngudi lao ddng vd cua xd hpi.
De tgo didu kifn hon nira eho sy nghifp phdt tridn kinh te - xa hpi eiia tinh Bac Kan, de nghj Chinh phii cd chinh sach ho ttp kinh phi ddo tao ngudn nhan lye dap ung yeu cau eda tinh; de nghj Trung uong ban hanh quyll djnh vd chinh saeh cho cdn bp luan chuydn, de uu ddi, thu hdt can bp ldn cdng tde tgi mien nui; ehuyen giao kinh nghifm frdng rung, edng nghidp che bien lam san,...
Phdt huy tmyen thdng qud huong each mgng, vdi tinh than ty lye, ty cudng, dupc sy quan tam eua Dang, Nhd nudc, sy giup dd cua cae bp, nganh d Trung uong, Dang bf vd nhdn dan Bic Kan quyit tam dodn kit, sdng tgo, pbin diu dua Bde Kgn tiing budc frd thanh tinh gidu manh, sdnh vai vdi cdc tinh, thanh ttong ed nuac.G
92 So 837 (thanj; 7 nSm 2012)