Bdo cdo 228
^Bao cao nghien ciru quSn xa Lu&ng cir va Bo sat anh hirong den sy phat trien ben vung cay dai thu
ThS. Nguyen Due Hiing va PGS.TS. Vfi Quang Manh, Trung tdm Da dgng sinh hgc (CEBRED), Tru&ng Dgi hgc Suphgm Hd Ngi
A.MdDAU 1. Dat van de
Cay dai thy d ngay sau ngdi Din thd Hoang Cd, thdn Duomg Pham, xa Yen Nhan, huyen Y Yen Nam Dinh la cay gd ldn cd tudi ddi hang vai tram nam. Cac cudc khao sat va nghien cttu cua Trung tam Da dang sinh hgc, tradng Dai hgc su pham Ha Ndi cho thay hien nay cd nhieu nhdm sau benh dang tan cdng lam giam sire sdng cua cay.
Vi vay, viec nghien ciru khao sat cac nhdm ddng vat ndi chung va Ludng cu, Bd sat ndi rieng tu dd dua ra bien phap su dung nhdm dgng vat nay trong phdng chdng sau benh nhu mdt bien phap dau tranh sinh hgc, gdp phan bao ve ben viing cay dai thy la rat cin thilt.
2. Doi tuffng, quy md va phuong phap nghien cuu 2.1. Muc tieu nghien cuu
Xac dinh thanh phan loai Luang cu, Bd sat d khu vyc nghien ciiu, xac dinh cau tnic thanh phan thiic an trong dd cd nhdm cdn trimg gay hai cho cay Da huomg cila mgt sd loai Luang cu, Bd sat phd bien de tu dd de xuit gay nudi mgt so loai Ludng cu, Bd sat tieu diet cdn trimg cd hai cho cay dai thu.
2.2. Ngi dung nghien cuu
-1. Phat hien va xac dinh thanh phin loai LC-BS.
-2. Tim hieu sy phan bd cua chiing theo cac smh canh.
-3. Nghien cttu mdt so dac dilm sinh thai hgc, phan tich thanh phan thuc an cua mdt sd loai Ludng cu, Bd sat phd biin; dua ra cau tnic thanh phan thuc an, trong dd cd cdn triing gay hai cho cay cd thu.
-4. De xuat bien phap diet trir cdn trung gay hai cho cay cd thy: gay nudi mgt sd loai LC-BS la thien dich cua cdn trimg gay hai cay.
2.3. Thdi gian thu man
Tiln hanh 2 dgt thyc dia: (1) 21-30/ 9/2009, va (2) 25/2/2010-1/3/2010 2.3. Phuffng phap nghien ciru
2.3.1. Phuffng phap nghien cihi ngoai thyc dia
Lap cac diem thu mau theo cac sinh canh cua vung nghien cim: khu dan cu, ddng mdng, ao, vudn cay lau nam. Lap bang thdng ke nhiing loai LC-BS (kem anh chup) da biit phan bd d KVNC thdng qua cac tai Heu tham khao. Chuin bi cac trang thiet bi: ban dd, nil vai, dung dich dinh hmh (formalin), giiy bdng md, biit chi, dyng cu bat LC-BS (vgt, gay, kep bit rin, cin cau,...), sd ghi nhat ky, may anh, phieu dieu tra,...
Phuffng phap thu mau
Theo cac tuyen khao sat de phat hien mau bang each quan sat, nghe tieng keu. Mau dugc thu vao ban ngay lan ban dem bang nhiiu hinh thuc: bit tryc tiip bang tay hay vgt (ludng cu), dimg kep, gay hay cam cau (than lin, rin). Ghi nhat ky ve sinh canh thu mau, thdi gian thu mau, vai trang thai boat ddng cua mau cd the quan sat dugc.
Xir ly miu thu dugc
Cac mau sau khi thu dugc lam chet bang con 75°, sau dd dugc deo nhan thyc dia va chup anh. Mau dinh hinh trong fodc mdn 8-10% trong khoang 1 ngay rdi chuyen ngam vao dung dich bao quan fodc mdn 4-5% hoac cdn 75°. Mau dimg dl phan tich thanh phan thuc an dugc ngam vao dung dich fodc mdn ngay khi bit dugc de thuc an chua bi tieu hoa.
Phuffng phap dieu tra qua dan dja phuang
108
Di cd them thdng tin vl thanh phin loai LC-BS cho KVNC, chiing tdi tien hanh phdng van nhttng ngudi dan trong vimg.
2.3.2. Nghien cuu trong phdng thi nghiem
Chimg tdi tiin hanh dinh loai cac loai LC-BS; mo da day va phan tich cau tnic thirc an. Phan loai Ich nhai, bd sat dya tren cac khoa dinh loai cua Dao Van Tien (1997), Nikolai Oriov va cdng sy (2002), M. A. Smith (1943), Nguyin Van Sang (2007) va nhiing tai lieu cd lien quan khac. Ten loai, gidng, hg, bd dugc sap xep theo Nguyen Van Sang va cdng sy (2009).
B. NQl DUNG
1. Da dang thanh phan loai Ludng cu va Bd sat d vung nghiem cuu
Da xac dinh d vimg nghien ciru hien cd 29 loai, thudc 3 bd, 12 hg. Trong dd:
ludng cu cd 10 loai, 5 hg Ibd; bd sat cd 19 loai, 7 hg, 2 bd. Cac loai ludng cu, bd sat d khu vuc nghien ciiu phan bd theo 3 sinh canh chinh:
Sinh cdnh dong rugng (1):
Cac loai cd sd lugng cdn tuong ddi nhieu va de bat gap, thich nghi vdi cac boat dgng ndng nghiep nhu: cdc nha, ngoe, ech ddng, chau, ech cay mep trang, ran cap nia, ran cap nong,...
Sinh cdnh ao, muang (2):
Day la sinh canh boat ddng chinh cua mdt sd loai nhu ran nudc, ran bdng chi, ran bdng trung qudc, ba ba tron . . . . Ben canh do, do cd sy xen ke gitta cac dang sinh canh vdi nhau nen d day cdn c6 mdt sd loai khac cung sinh sdng nhu:
Ngoe, ech ddng, ...
Sinh cdnh khu dan cu, den chiia, vu&n cdy ldu ndm (3):
La noi boat ddng chinh cua cac loai nhu ran hd chiia, ran hd mang, ran rao, than lan bdng dudi dai, thach sung, ....
Danh sach thanh phan loai va su phan bd cua ludng cu, bd sat d thdn Duong Pham, Yen Nhan, Y Yen, Nam Dinh dugc thi hien qua bang 1.
Bang 1. Danh sach cac loai va sy phan bd ludng cu va bd sat
TT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Ten phd thdng LLOPECHNHAI
1. BO KHONG DUOI
l.HgCdc Cdc nha 2. Hg nhai bau Enh uong thudng Nhai bau hay mdn Nhai bau van 3. Hg Ech nhai chinh thiic Ngoe (nhai)
Ech ddng
Cdc nudc san 4. Hg ech nhai Chau Chang Dai Bac 5. Hg ech cay
Ten Khoa hgc AMPHIBIA
ANURA Bufonidae
Duttgphrynus melgnostictus (Schneider, 1799)
MicrohyUdae
Kaloulapuchrg Giay, 1831 Microhyla heymonsi Vogt, 1911 Microhyla pulchra (Hallowell,
1861) Dicroglossidae
Fejervarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1829)
Hoplobatrachus rugulosus Wiegemann, 1835
Occidozyga lima Kuhl et Van Hasselt, 1822
Ranidae
Rang guenthri^oulsnget, 1882 Rang taipehensis Vandenburgh,
1909 Rhacophoridae
d vimg Tu lieu
M
M PV QS
M
M
PV
M PV
nghien cut Sinh canh (1)
+
+ + +
-1-
+
+
+ +
(2)
+
+
-H
+
+
+
•V
(3)
+
-1-
+
UO
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Ech cay mep trang II. LdP BO S A T
1. BO CO VAY 1. Hg Tac ke Tac ke thudng Thach simg dudi san
2. Hg Thin lin bdng
Than lan bdng dudi dai
Than lan chan ngin 3. Hg ran giun Ran giun thudng 4. Hg Ran mdng Ran mdng (Hd hanh)
5. Hg Ran nudc Ran rao thudng Ran rao trau Ran bdng chi Ran bdng Trung Qudc
Ran nudc
Polypedgtes leucomystax (Kuhl, in Gravenhorst, 1829)
REPTILL^
SQUAMATA Gekkonidae
Gekko gekko (Linnaeus, 1758) Hemildgctylus frenatus Schlegel, in Dumeril et Bibron, 1836 Scineidae
Eutropis longicaudata (Hallowell, 1856)
Lygosoma quadrupes (Linnaeus, 1766)
Typhlopidae
Ramphotyphlops braminus (Daudin, 1803)
Xenopeltidae
Xenopeltis unicolor Reinwardt, in Bole, 1827
Colubridae
Ptyas korros (Schlegel, 1837) Ptyas mucosus (Lirmaeus, 1758) Enhydrls plumbea Bole, 1827 Enhydrls chinensis (Gray, 1842)
Xenochrophis piscotor M
PV M
M
PV
PV
TL
M M M M
M +
+
+
+
+
+ +
-1-
+
-H
+ +
+ +
+
+
+
-1-
+
-1-
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
Ran sgc dua Ran sai thudng
Ran hoa cd nhd 6. Hg Rin ho Ran cap nong Ran cap nia Bac Ran hd mang Ran hd chua 2.BQRUA 7. Hg Ba ba Ba ba trem
(Schneider, 1799)
Elgphe radiata (Schlegel, 1837) Amphiesma stolgtum (Linnaeus,
1758)
Rhabdophis subminlatus (Schlegel, 1837)
Elapidae
Bungarus fasciatus (Schneider, 1801)
Bungarus multicintus Blyth, 1861 Naja naja (Linnaeus, 1758) Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836)
TESTUDINATA Trionychidae
Pelodiscus sinensis (Wiegmann, 1835)
Tdng sd
M M
M
QS
QS QS QS PV
M
30 +
+
+
+ + +
23 +
+
11 + +
+
+ + +
18 Ghi chu: M: mau thu, PV: phdng van, QS: quan sat; (1) Sinh canh ddng mdng, (2) Sinh canh ao va muang va (3) sinh canh khu dan cu, din chua, vudn cay lau nam.
2. Nhan xet ve sy da dang thanh phan loai Ludng cu va Bd sat d viing nghiem
Nhu vay, d Khu vyc nghien ciiu thanh phin loai thudc ldp bd sat cd sd lugng chiem uu the (chiem 65,52% tdng sd loai khu vyc nghien cuu), ldp ich nhai cd sd Ioai it hom chi chilm 34,48%).
Trong qua trinh nghien cuu, chimg tdi cung bit gap loai rua tai dd (Trachemys scripta elegans). Day khdng phai la loai nia ban dja ciia Viet Nam, chiing cd ngudn goc tu Nam My, dang cd nguy ca cao di trd thanh loai ngoai lai
112
xam hai. Loai rua nay bi tich thu se khdng dugc tha vao tu nhien bat cu tmdng hgp nao. Vi vay, chimg tdi khdng cho vao danh sach thdng ke loai d khu vyc nghien ciiu.
3. Dac diem phan bo cua Luong cu va Bd sat ff viing nghiem ciru
Trong 29 loai Ich nhai, bd sat d thdn Duomg Pham cd 3 loai bat gap d 3 sinh canh (chiim 10,35% tdng sd loai) 18 loai gap d 2 sinh canh (chiim 62,07% tdng sd loai) va 8 loai phan bd d 1 sinh canh (chilm 27,59%).
0 sinh canh (1) cd sd loai phan bo nhiiu nhat vai 23 loai (chiem 79,31%
tdng sd loai), tiep din la sinh canh (3) vdi 18 loai (chilm 62,07% tdng sd loai) va sinh canh (2) cd sd loai bit gap it nhit vdi 11 loai (chiem 37,93% tdng sd loai).
4. Dac diem sinh thai hgc mgt so loai Ludng cu va Bd sat 1 Cdc nha (Duttaphrynus melanostictus)
Cdc nha gap nhieu d khu dan cu cd nha d xen lan vudm rau, ao, ranh nudc nhd va raong, trong nhiing hang hdc, gdc cay, gdc tudng, ddng gach ... Chiing thudng di kiem an ttt luc xam tdi den sang. Ban ngay chiing sdng trong hang hoac an minh dudi ddng gach. hdc cay ... Nai chung in nap thudng am va tdi. Tuy nhien, vao nhttng ngay trdi oi ndng, mgt sd ca the ngam minh trong cac vflng nudc de tranh nhiet do oi btte.
2 Nhai (Fejervarya limnocharis)
Nhai d khu vyc nghien ciiu chimg phan bd rdng, chiing sdng d hau het cac sinh canh:ven sdng, trong vudm, byi cd, ddng mgng ... noi sdng la nhumg vimg am udt. Vao nhiing ngay ndng chiing thudng tim den noi cd nudc.
3 Chau chugc (Ranna guentheri)
Chau chudc thudng sdng d nhiing noi am udt, trong cac hang hdc, bd raong, ven sdng, canh muomg, byi chudi.... Chiing boat ddng nhieu ve dem, va rit dl nhan biet chiing qua tieng keu "chudc chudc", ban ngay chung it hoat ddng. Khoang thdi gian tu thang 4 den thang 7, sau nhiing com mua rao to vao ban ngay chiing ra hoat dgng.
4 Thach siing duoi san (Hemidactylus frenatus)
Sdng trong nha, bd tudng, tren cay. Chung thudng boat ddng vl dem, thudng d nhiing khu vyc cd anh den sang nai ma cd nhieu cdn trimg den la ngudn thuc an cua chimg.
5. Thanh phan thuc an cila Ludng cu va Bd sat
Xac dinh thanh phin thuc an: md da day va cho thiic an vao dia petri da cho mdt it nudc. Dimg cac tai lieu xac dinh cac nhd thuc an, da sd xac dinh tdi bd.
Nhumg nhdm nghi ngd hoac chua xac dinh dugc thi nhd chuyen gia xac dinh.
Chiing tdi tiln hanh phan tich 36 mau da day cua 4 loai ech nhai, bd sat thudng gap. Tat ca cac mlu phan tich diu dugc tien hanh thu tu 18 30' den 22 00.
Sd da day cua mdi loai dugc bieu thi d bang dudi.
Bang 2. Sd da day phan tich thuc an
\ ^ Loai
Da day ^ \ ^ Cd thuc an Khdng cd thuc an Tdng sd
Cdc nha Duttaphrynus melanostictus 10(100%)
0 (0%) 10(100%)
Ngoe Fejervarya limnocharis
8 (88,90%) 1(11,10%) 9(100%)
Thach simg Hemidactylus
frenatus 6 (75,00%) 2 (25,00%) 8 (100%)
Chau chudc Ranna guentheri
9 (100%) 0 (0%) 9 (100%) Theo bang 2 cho thay, sd lugmg da day chua thuc an cua cdc la 10/10 da day (chiem 100% tdng sd da day phan tich cua cdc), ciia chau chudc la 9/9 da day (chiem 100% tdng sd da day phan tich cua chau chudc), tiep theo la ngde cd 8/9 (chiem 88,90%). Thach simg cd sd da day chtta thuc an la it nhat cd 6/8 da day (chilm 75,00%).
Bang 3. Sy da dang cac nhdm va cac loai thuc an ludng cu va bd sat
STT Loai thuc an Cdc
nha Chau
chudc Ngoe Thach simg
114
1
2
3 4 5
6
7 8
9
10 11
Ten Viet Nam
Nganh than mem I. Ldp chan byng Oc
Nganh giun ddt
II Ldp giun it ta
Giun dat Nganh chan khdp Phan nganh cd kim III Ldp hinh nhen Bd nhen chan dai Bdnhen
Phan nganh cd mang IV.Ldp giap xac Mgt am V. Ldp nhieu chan Nhdm cudn chieu Nhdm ret VI.Ldp sau bg Phdn lap sdu bg hdm dn Bd hai dudi
Phdn lap sdu bg hdm lg Bg phu du
Bg chudn chudn
Ten khoa hgc
MOLLUSCA Gastropoda
ANNELIDA
Oligochae
ARTHROPODA Chelicerata Arachnida Opilliones Arannei Branchiata Cmstacea
Myriapoda
Insecta Entognatha Diplura Ectogatha Ephemeroptera Odonata
+
++
+-H- +++
-H-
-HH- -H-
+
+ +
+
++
-H-
+ +
+ +
+
-H-
+
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
"20"
21 22 23
Bd gian Bd canh thing Bd canh da Bd canh ntta Bd canh cirng Bd canh phin Bd canh mang Bd hai canh Bd canh deu Cdn trung khac Thyc vat va loai khac
Blattoptera Orthoptera Dermaptera Hemiptera Coloeptera Lepidoptera Hymenoptera Diptera Isoptera
Tdng sd 23 loai thiic an
+ ++
+ +++
+++
+++
+++
+
++
+ + 21
++
+ + ++
++
++
-1-
11
4-
+
++
+ +-!-+
++
+
++
12 +
+++
+ + 1 +
-H-
7 Ghi chu: Tan suat bat gap: 0-30% (+), 31-70% (++), > 70% (+++)
Tu bang 3 chiing tdi cd nhan xet la, trong cac loai thuc an, thirc an cd ca 4 loai ludng cu, bd sat la bd canh phan, bd chudn chudn, bd canh diu. Cd 7 loai thuc an cho 3 loai luomg cu, bd sat thudc nhdm giun dat, bd nhen chan dai, bd nhen, bd gian, bd canh thang, bd canh nua, bd canh cttng. Cd 3 loai thttc an cho 2 loai ludmg cu, bd sat thudc nhdm bd phu du, bd canh da, thyc vat va loai khac. Cd 5 loai thttc an cho 1 loai luomg cu, bd sat thudc nhdm dc, cudn chilu, mgt im, cdn trimg thudc bd hai dudi.
Trong thanh phan thuc an thi ldp cdn trimg chilm nhiiu nhit gdm 13 loai (chiem 56,52%), ldp hinh nhen va ldp nhieu chan cd 2 Ioai, ldp chan bung cua nganh than mem, ldp giun it ta cua nganh giun ddt va ldp giap xac cua nganh chan khdp deu cd I loai.
Xet rieng ve thanh phan thuc an cila timg loai thiy:
Cdc nhd: thanh phin thuc an gdm 21 loai (chilm 86,96% tdng so loai an),
trong do than mem cd 1 loai, giun d i t cd I loai, chan khdp cd 18 loai. Rieng ldp sau bg chiem nhieu nhat vdi 13 loai 28 chiem 61,90 % tdng sd loai thuc an cua cdc.
116
Ngoai nhttng thuc an la ddng vat, chiing tdi cdn nhan thay cdn cd loai thuc an la thyc vat trong da day.
Ngoe (Nhdi): thuc an cua nhai cung kha da dang va phong phii, sd loai thuc an gap trong da day la 12 loai, chiim 52,17% tdng sd loai thiic an. Loai thuc an chiim ti le cao nhit thudc Ldp sau bg gdm 8 loai, chilm 66,67% sd loai thuc an trong da day cua nhai. Trong thuc an cua nhai chiing tdi cflng cd bat gap loai thuc an la thuc vat.
Chdu chugc: thuc an cua chau chudc kha gidng vdi nhai, gdm 11 loai chiem.
47,83% tdng sd loai thuc an. Chi khac vdi nhai la trong thuc an cua chiu chudc thieu loai thiic an la thyc vat va thiic an thudc bd gian. Tuy nhien, trong thanh phan thttc an cua chau lai bd sung so vdi nhai loai thuc an thudc bd canh da.
Thgch Sling duoi sdn: thuc an cua thach sung dudi san la it da dang, phong phli nhat, gdm 7 loai, chilm 30,43% tong sd loai thuc an. Trong 7 loai thuc an cua thach sung deu thudc ldp sau bg. Trong sd da day cua thach simg, chiing tdi bat gap nhieu la thuc an thudc bd canh phan cd kich cd nhd va bd hai canh. Dieu nay hgp li vi thach simg la nhdm bd sat cd be, chi cd the bat dugc nhiing loai thttc an nhd.
C. KET LU4N VA KHUYEN NGHI
1. Da thdng ke dugc d thdn Duomg Pham, xa Yen Nhan, huyen Y Yen, Nam Dinh cd 29 loai, thudc 12 hg, 3 bd. Trong do: ludng cu cd 10 loai (5 hg, 1 bd), bd sated 191oai(7hg, 2bd).
2. Trong 29 loai ech nhai, bd sat d thdn Duomg Pham cd 3 loai bat gap d 3 sinh canh 18 loai gap d 2 sinh canh va 8 loai phan bd d 1 sinh canh.
3. O sinh canh ddng rudng cd sd loai nhieu nhat vdi 23 loai, tiep den la sinh canh dan cu, den chua va cay lau nam vdi 18 loai, sinh canh ao, muomg cd sd loai bat gap it nhat vdi 11 loai.
4. Thiic an cua 4 loai ludng cu, bd sat phd bien, Cdc nha cd 21 loai, chiem ty le nhieu nhat so vdi tdng sd loai thuc an phan tich (86,96%), tilp din la Ngde vdi
12 loai (chilm 52,17%), Chiu chudc cd 11 loai thuc an (chiim 47,83%), Thach simg cd sd loai thuc an it nhit gdm 7 loai (chiem 30,43%).
5. Trong thanh phin thuc an thi ldp cdn triing chilm nhiiu nhat gdm 13 loai (chilm 56,52%), Idp hinh nhen va ldp nhiiu chan cd 2 loai, ldp chan bung ciia nganh than mem, ldp giun it to cua nganh giun ddt va ldp giap xac cua nganh chan khdp deu cd 1 loai.
D. T A I LIEU THAM K H A O
1. Allen, R. T., 1979. The occurrence and importance of ground beetles in agricultural and surroundmg habitats. W. Junk publishers, the Hague, the Netheriands. P.485-506
2. Bachelier G., 1978: La faune des sols son ecologie et son action. ORSTOM, paris, 1-391 pp.
3. Brayer and Reichle, 1971. Trophic stmcture and feedmg rates of forest soil invertebrate populations. Oikos: A Joumal of Ecology, Copenhagen, Vol..22,.
P.381-388.
4. Bui Cdng Hien va Tran Huy Thg, 2003. Cdn trung hgc ung dyng. Nha xuat ban KHvaKT.Tr. 1-163.
5. Coleman D. C. and D. A. Crossley, 1996: Fundamentals of Soil Ecology.
Academic press. New York, London, Tokyo, Toronto, 1-205 pp.
6. Dao Van Tien, 1977. Ve Dinh logi ech nhdi Viet Ngm. Tap chi Sinh vat Dia hgc, XVI, 1.
7. Deutsches MAB, 1987: Soil and Soil Zoology in urban ecosystem as a basic for management and use of green/ open spaces. Berlin, l-169pp.
8. Ghilarov va Krivolutsky, 1975. Methods of soil zoological mvestigations In Russian with contents and all summaries in EngUsh.Hdb. P. 1- 280.
9. Hgi khoa hgc dit Viet Nam, 2000: Dit Viet Nam. Nxb Ndng nghiep, H., 1-412 tr.
118
lO.Huynh Thi Kim Hdi, Nguyin Canh Tiln Trinh, Vuang Tan Tii, 2009. Da dang ddng vat khdng xuomg sdng cd tmng buih d dit (Mesofauna) tai vudn qudc gia Bai Tu Long. Bao cao khoa hgc vl Sinh thai va Tai nguyen Sinh vat. Nha xuat ban khoa hgc. Tr.545-552.
11.Maryati Mohamed, 1999. Keys to the terrestrial invertebrates. University Malaysia Sabah: 1-145.
12.Nguyln Due Kham, Trinh Van Hanh, Le Van Triin, Nguyin Tan Vuong, Nguyen Van Quang, Nguyin Thiiy Hiin, Vfl Van Nghien, Ngd Trudng Scm va Vd Thu Hiin, 2007. Ddng vat chi Viet Nam, Tap 15-Bd canh Bing. Nha xuit ban Khoa hgc Ky thuat. Ha Ndi. Tr. 1-325.
13.Nguyen Van Sang, Ho Thu Cue and Nguyen Quang Tmong, 2009. Herpetology of Vietnam. Edition Chimaira Frankfiirt am Main: pp 768.
14.Nikolai L. Orlov, Robert W Mutphy, Natalia B. Annajeva, Sergei A. Ryabov, and Ho Thu Cue (2002), Herpetofauna of Vietnam, A Checklist, Part I.
Amphibia. Russian Joumal of Herpetology, Vol. 9, N° 2, pp. 81 - 104. Folium Publishing Company.
15.Pham Van Lam, 1997. Danh luc cac loai sau hai liia va thien dich cua chung d Viet Nam. Nha Xuat ban Ndng nghiep. Tr. 1-100.
Id.Phan Thi Huyen, Vu Quang Manh, Nguyen Xuan Lam, Dang Viet Ha, Dang Thuy Hien (2004), Chan khdp be Chan khdp be Chan khdp be Ve giap (Oribatida, Acari: Microarthropoda) (Oribatida, Acari: Microarthropoda) (Oribatida, Acari: Microarthropoda) (Acari: Oribatida ) trong cau tnic quin xa Ve bet d he Sinh thai rimg Vudn Qudc gia Ba Vi, Viet Nam. Nhiing van de nghien ciru ca ban trong khoa hgc sy sdng, Nxb Khoa hgc va Ky thuat, tr. 777 - 780.
n.Sakai K., & Nagai S., 1998. The Cetonime Beetles of the World. Mushi - Sha.
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