Trin Thj Hi, Hoang Thj My Nhj- Thdch Ihuc an ninh phi tniyin Ihdng .
THACH THU'C AN NINH PHI TRUYEN T H 6 N G d BONG NAM A m f N NAY
NHIN Ttr N . ^ BUON B A N NGU'dl
Trin Thim ' Hoing Thi MS Nhj"
Z
rong Ihdi gian gan day, an ninh phi truyen Ihong dang dien ra vdi dien bien phic tgp d cdc nudc Bong Nam A. Vdn di ndy dd gdy ra nhiing thdch Ihic nghiem trgng dii vdi svphdt triin kinh ti, b^ dn vi chirdi tri vti xd hdi d khu -vifo. Trong dd, ngn budn ngudi dang diin ra ngdy cdng gia tang vd bien dgng khd ludng, vugt khdi phgm vi gidi hgn cia mdt quSc gia vd lan stmg loan bd khu vvc. Bdi bdo lgp Irung ldm rd nhiing nguyin nhdn, dia bdn, ddi lugng hogt dgng vd diim qua mgt so diim ndng budn ban ngudi cia khu vvc. Qua dd, ddnh gid dugc mic dg dnh hudng cia ngn buon bin nguai doi vdi svphdt Iriin cia kinh li-xd hgi vd an ninh quoc gia trong khu vvc Bdng Nam A.Bong Ihdi, bdi bio phdn lich qua trinh hgp tdc xuyen quoc gia trong vifc gidi quyil vin ngn ndyviritra mdt sd bdi hgc kinh nghifm cho Vifl Nam hi$n nay.
Tflkhda: Budn ngudi Ddng Nam A, an mnh pM truyin fliing, Ddng Nam A, tfi phgm budn ngudi
1. tbilt trgng budn bin ngiiM » khu buftn ngudi da ttd fliinh vin ngn ttiin ciu, vyt: DSng Nam A vupt khdi phgm vi m^t quoc gia vi cin c6 Trong flidi gian gin diy, cufc diu ^ "^ 'V^ ''W ^ ^ ^'^ " ^ " " ^ '^
ttanh pljdng ching ngn budn ngudi Ii mli ^i*. Cpm tfl budn ngudi di dupc djnh quan tim cfla nMlu nudc ttfa flil gidi. Nan " ^ * "* " ^ 8 ti-ong Nghj djnh fliu vl
*TiiS.,Vi«iiNghibicihiD<iigNamA. phdng, ehIng vi trflng ttj t^i budn bJn
"NCS., Vie.,NBhienc*.D(l.«N.„ A. ^ M _ ^ yft li php nO vi tti em. "Budn
Nghi^ c6n Aa Dp vi Chau ^ slip-2016 bin ngudi" cd nghm li vi^c mua ban, van
chuyen, dmyrai giao, diua chip vi n h ^ ngudi nhim myc dich bdc lgt bing cadi s&
dyng h ^ de doa su dyng vu lyc hay bing cic hinh tfnic 6p bupe, bit cdc, ^an l|n, ICa gat, hay lam dyng quyai li^ hoic v\ thl dl bt tin thuong hay l ^ g vi?c dua hay nh|n tien hay lgi nhu|ai dl dat dugc sy dong y ciia mpt agudi dang kiim soit nhflng ngudi khic. Hinh vi bdc Ipt sl bao gom, it nhdt, v i ^ bdc lgt m^i dam nhflng ngudi khic hay nhung hinh thiic bdc Ipt tinh dye khic, cic hinh t h ^ lao d$ng hay phyc vy cudng biic, nd 1§ hay nhflng hinh thdc tuong ty nd 1§, kho sai ho§c idy cic bO
Icothl"'.
Theo T I chiic Lao dOng quic tl n ^ budn ngudi di Ien ldi vio mpi ngd ngich cda thl gidi, nhung cd IS khdng noi nio nhilu nhu khu vyc Ddng Nam A. Vi theo Vin phdng LiSn Hi$p Quic ve Ma tiiy vi T$i pham (UNODC), n ^ nhin tir Ddng Nam A b; bin trii r^ng trfin ph^m vi toin thl gidi. Ngoii vi$c dupc bin ra nudc ngoii, nhilu n^n nhin bj budn bin trong quic gia ciia hp^.
Cic hlnh thiic phi biln nhdt dupc xic dtnh cda nan budn ngudi budn bin vdi myc dich cirOng biic Iao d^ng, budn bin phy nu tr6 em cho myc (Sch m^ dam... Trong nhflng hinh thiic tr€n nii cpm len vdn dl
' Protocol to Prevent, Sig^ess and Punish Trcfficking in Persons Especially Women and QiUdrGi, siq^emeniing the United Nations Comeraion against Transnational Orgaiuzed Crime, General Assembly resolution 55/25 of 15 Novembo- 2000 (http://www.obchr.Mg)
^ Joseph Yun, ThgiAin^ m Pasom in East Aaa avi Ae Paqfic October 27,2011 (http://www.slate.gov/)
burai bin j&y nu vi tre em dio ho^ dpng m^i dim. E.0 udc tinh ring 79 % nan nhan bi hocsi ban la | ^ nfl hoic tre em. Diy dupc x«n la hanh (^ng dp bupe, bit bu$c, hoic lua doi mOt ngudi hinh nghe m^i dim, hoic gifl mpt ngirai m^ dim thdng qua cuoi^ che. Budn bin phu nfl tre em ciing cd the xem li vifc gin np bupe hp phai d l^i bin dam cho din khi hp cd thl tri hit c ^ khoin np trii p h ^ Iu|t mi hp cho la da i^iat sinh th&ig qua van chuyin ho|ic tuy^ dyng cua cic tl chiic mdi gjdi.
Hinh thiic budn bin ngudi nhim muc dich cudng buc lao t^ng cung li van dl diln hinh trfin tfal gidi ndi chung va Ddng Nam A ndi riraig. Din dng vi phy nfl cac nudc di cu ra nudc ngoii dl Iao dpng ty do h ( ^ thdng qua cic cong ty tuyin dyng lao d ^ cua nhi nudc, tu nhia Mpt so cdng ty tuyin dyng khdng dip Isd cic yeu cdu trp gii^Ep ciia ngudi lao dpng trong nhflng trudng hpp hp bj bdc l$t, vi m^t sl cdng ty thu phf qui cao tii ngudi lao d$ng, khiln dio ngudi Iao dOng mic cic khoin np vi dl b; roi vao tinh trang bupe phii lao d$ng trur np. M^t sl n ^ nhin li dli tupng cua cudng buc iao d^g trong cic nginh xiy dyng, ngu nghifp, nong nghi?p, khai thic md, khai thic go vi cdng n ^ ^ chl t^o, chii ylu d cic nu6c D&ig Nam A nhu Malaysia, Lio, Vi|t Nam, Canqnu:hia... Ngudi lao d^ng cd thl bt €p buOc lim vi?c traig cic dilu ki$n dudi diudn mi kh«ig <hipc tri luoi^ ho$c tri luong rit thdp, vdi cic khoin np ldn vi khfflig cd CO die phap ly nao dl xu ly cic vi p h ^ 1^1^ luat lao dpng.
Trdn Thj Hi, Hoing Thj My Nhj. Thdch thuc an ninh phi tniyin thong ..
£)dng Nam A di dupc xic <^nh la khu vi^ cd khoang 200.000 |rfiy nfl va tre em dupc mua bin mdi nim cho v i ^ mai dim^.
Udc tinh niy khong bao gdm cic hang chi^ i^in din hing trim nghin ci nhin dang di diuyen trong sy phit tiifin thuong mai lao dpng trong khu vyc Ddng Nam A.
Trong cic nudc Ddng Nam A, cd the ke din Vi^ Nam li nudc cd sl lupng Idn phy nfl vi trfi em li n^n nhin cua nan budn bin ra nudc ngoii; Nhieu ngudi trong sl hp bi Ida gat vl cic ca hpi lao dpng vi sau dd bi bin cho cic nhi thl d viing bien gidi Trung Quic, Campuchia vi Uto, vi cic nudc chiu A khic, trong dd cd Thii Lan, Malaysia, Dii Loan vi Singapore. Hoic m$t sl phy nfl Vift Nam ra nudc ngoii de kit hdn theo mdi gidi quic tl hoic dl lim vi$c trong cic nhi hing, quin bar karaoke phdn ldn sang Trung Quic vi ngiy cing nhilu ngudi sang Malaysia vi Singapore trd thinh nd If giiip vifc gia dinh ho$c b\
fip buOc lim gii m^i dim. Vifc cic tl chiic mdi gidi quing cio sai sy thit, n^n nhin h\
bu$c lim vifc trii np, thu hf chilu, de dpa tryc xudtii cic thti doan dupc su dyng phi biln dl bufc nan nhin Vift Nam trd thinh nd djch.
Cd thl thdy ring, thyc trgng budn bin ngudi d Ddng Nam A di trd nfin ding bio dOng vi cd tic dfng khdng nhd din sy phit triln kinh tl - xi hfi, an ninh - chinh trj E>dng Nam A. Hifn nay t^i ph?m budn bin ngudi cd chilu hudng gia ting vdi thii dogn
tinh vi gay ra nbilu hf lyy dli vdi ngn nhin gia (Enh vi xi hOi. U*dc tinh so Iupng ngn nhin li phy nfl vi tre em tur khu vyc dang bj budn bin mli nim, chilm khoing mft phdn ba ciia tfauemg mgi budn bin toin cdu^. Khoing 60% ngn nhin bf budn bin d Ddng Nam A dang hudng vl cic thinh phi ldn trong khu vyc, trong khi 40% cdn Igi dupc ban sang cic dia diim khic nhau trfin toin cdu*. Khoing 60% ciia 50.000 phy nfl vi trfi em udc tinh dupc bin cho My li tir khu vyc Ddng Nam A, khiln Ddng Nam A trd thinh khu vyc Idn nhdt tren thl gidi cd lifin quan din t l chiic budn ngudi d My^
Chuyfin gia cho ring sy pfait trien ciia du Ijcfa tinh dye d Ddng Nam A li mft trong nhOng ylu t l gdp phdn lim gia ting ngn budn ngudi. Mft cufc khio sit khu vyc Ddng Nam A nim 1998 cda Tl chiic Lao dfng quic tl thdy ring nginh cdng nghifp tinfa dye d Ddng Nam A chilm 2% din 14
% ciia GDP'. Sy gia ting tpi phgm budn
Ralf Emmets, Globalization and Non-li-aditional Security Issues: A Study cf Human and Drug Trt^tcking in East Asia, IDSS Woiking Papers No 62(2004),tr.l8.
Intemationai Organization for Migration (lOM), Combating trafficking in Soutk-East Asia: A review of policy and programme responses (Geneva, Switzerland: lOM, 2000X p.7. Availf^le al ht^://www.unesco.org/most/migration/ctsea.pdf
A. O. Richard, Intemationai trafficking in women lo the United States: A contemporary manifestation <4 slavery and organized crime (Washington, DC: Center for the Study of Intelligence, US Central Intelligence Agency, 1999). Available athttps://www.cia.gov/Iibraiy/center-for-the-study-of-
inteUigence/csi-publicatioiis/books-and- monogr^ha/trafficking.pdf.
' Concessional Research Service (CRS), Traffiddng in women and children: The U.S. and international rejpowe (Washington, DC: CRS, 20{K)), p. 7.
Available athttpy/viTvw.isn.ethz.ch/Digital- Libraiy/Publications/Detaii/?ots591 =<)c54e3b3-l e9c- be I e-2c24-a6a8c7060233&Ing=en&id=l 0299.
L. Lim, The sex sector: TTie economic and social bases of prostitution in Southeast Asia (Geneva; ILO, 1998), p.7.
36
bin ngudi di gay nfn c u ^ khung hoang sdc khde d nhflng nan nfaan bj fp buOc ttting beat dOng mai dim. Vi dy nfau d Campucfaia, trong hai muoi n?n nhan thi cd 1 ngudi bj nfailm HTV/AIDS. Dilu niy khien CUnh pfad nhilu nudc ling giing d Ddng Nam A lo ng?i vl sv lay lan cfla djeh bfnh xuyfn bifn gidi. Ding flidi, fap cung lo s(r tpi ph?m budn bin ngudi cd flil cau ket vdi cic loji tpi pfa^m khic nhu budn bin ma tdy, vu khi^
2. Ngnyin nfain dan din n|n buon nguiHdSongNamA
Vdi flnic tt^g budn ngudi hifn nay d SiSig Nam A, vifc tim ra nguyfn nhin dan din tinh tt?ng tt^n ddng m^t vai ttd hit sflc quan ttpng khdng chi giup chfing ta hiiu rd ban chit vin dl; mi qua dd, giup cho Chmh phfl tim ra nhihig giii phip quan ttpng ttong vifc giii quylt tjn gic tpi ph?mbudn bin ngudi. Trfn flil gidi ndi chung cfaia ra nfailu nguyfn nhan dan den nan budn bin ngudi, tt^ng dd cd sv nghfo ddi, ttiin clu hda, ttinh d0 din tti... Tuy nhifn, n ^ & i cflu rifng trudng fapp d Ddng Nam A cd flil kl din mft so nguyfn nhan chinh sau:
Dau tifn cd till kl din sv nghfo ddi li yeu to cor bin dan den vifc budn bin pfay na vi ttd em. Njn nhin do nghfo ddi bj hip dan bdi nhihig ldi hfla io vl Ipi leh kmh tl.
Kf budn ngudi khdng mit vin mi fliu dupc sl lpi nhuin ldn. Theo dd, d nhitag nudc nghfo E)dng Nam A nhu Lio, Campuchia, Vift Nam... tpi phjm budn ngudi fliudng
Nghifn cim An E)$vi Chin A-slip-2016 nhim vio phy nir cd faoin cinfa kfad kfain cd bo m? om dau, np nin dl pfayc vy myc dich mai dim... Budn ngudi kfadng cU gidi fa?n d budn ban pfay nO vi tri em. Nhilu nam thanfa nifn khip khu vyc cflng bj qiiyen lfi ra khdi nfai vdi ldi fafla vifc lim tot, nfaung fliuc ra li bj ban Iim cic cdng vifc nhu nd If d don diln, nhi miy. NhOng lao dfng nhu vjy ddi mp vod nguy ca bj udng fliulc ngu vi bupe phii lim vifc c§t lyc ngiy dem vdi tien cdng blu nhu khdng cd. Mpt sl cdn bj gilt khi qui kift sire'.
Toin cau bda cung li mOt ttong nhOng nhin tl khiln cho phjm vi budn bin ngudi ngiy cing md r§ng'°. Trudc diy, njn budn ban ngudi dg tin tji nhung chi nim ttong gidi hjn bifn gidi cfla m0t quic gia. Tuy nhifn kfai qui ttinfa hiin ciu hda dien ra, vifc budn bin ngudi di vupt qua phjm vi bifn gidi quic gia kfau vyc. Qui ttinh ttiin ciu hda di lim gia ting sy phin fada giiu ngfafo giila cic quic gia. Trong cic nudc Ddng Nam A, Thii Lan vi Sigapore Ii hai nudc ttiu hut dupe Iyc lupng ldn lao dfng tit cic nudc khic ttong khu vyc. Cic nudc nghfo hon xem hai nudc niy li flij ttudng lao dpng diy tiem ning. Nhilu ngudi di bj Ifla vio dudng day mdi gidi vifc lim nhung fliyc chit chi li lia dio. Vdi mft nguin cung cip lao d$ng nh|p cu tii nudc nghfo flm kiim vifc lim mdi vi nhu ciu cao tfl
Chris Bcyrer, "Acceleradiig and Dissemiiudiig Across Asia", The Washington Quarlerfy, vol. 24, no.
Solidarity Center, The Push ant Pull of Globdaatlon: How Ihe Global Economy Makes Migrant Workers Vulnerable lo Explolualon. Policv
Brief (August 2007), 1. ' Vidyamali Samaiasinghe, "ConftontinR
Globalizanon in Ana-Trafficking SUalegies in Asia."
Brown Journal of World Ai&in, Vol 10 No I
(2003), 93 •
37
Tlka1^HI,,}ioing'THMStibi.ThdchlhucanninhphilruyinlhSng.
m$t nin kmh pfait ttiln dm kiim lao dpng gii id tjo ra mft sy kit fapp hoin hio cfao bpn budn ngudi dl phit ttiln mjnh".
Ngoii ra, cdn cd thl kl den mft lojt nhihig nguyfn nhin khic d cic nudc Ddng Nam A nhu trinh df dan tri th^, tijn chl ttxing vifc tiep c4in flidng tin, djc bift li thdng tin lien quan din njn budn ban ngudi khdng ehi d vflng nii xa xdi mi ngay ci d cic fliinh phi ldn. Tren thyc tl, cac njn nhin vin bj dy dd bdi cic chifu tiii tim vifc vfla cd luong cao Iji nhin hj. Do dd, nhilu njn nhin de ding theo dli tupng chi qua quen biit dl hi vpng vio sy dli ddi.
Nguyfn nhin niy rit phi biln d cic nudc nghfo Ddng Nam A hifn nay'^.
3. Hfp tic gitta cic niidc BSng Nam A trong vifc giii quylt njn budn ngirdi
Nh|n tfiflc dupc nhftaig tfiich thflc cfla vin njn budn ngudi, bin thin mli quic gia Ddng Nam A di thyc hifn nhilu bifn phip dya ttfn vifc tniy tl kf budn ngudi, bio vf njn nhin vi phdng ching njn budn ngudi diln ra. Tuy nhifn dl dli phd vin njn toin eiu niy, ngoii nhSng chhih sich rifng cfla mli nudc flfl cin phii cd sy kit hpp chjt che cfla cic quic gia khu vye Ddng Nam A. Trong cufc chiln kfadng khoan nfaupng vdi tfi phjm budn ngudi, nhilu quic gia di cd dupe nfaitag tiln b$ nhit djnh.
" ^ ° 2 ^ ' " ° » W"" 2009). Human TriffKking In Soutk^MAsia: Causes and Implicatltma, DTIC, RelrieHm)m http://wivw.dticjnil
" Mflie Dooridge, ed. (2007), Collateral Damage:
The Im/iac, if Antt-TrofficUng Measures on Human nights Around rte World, Amarin Printer and Publishing Public Company Limited, p. 174.
38
Tji Indonesia, mpt cu^c fa^i thio hai ngiy vl budn bin tinh dye trf em dupe tl chflc tji Manado vio thing 10/2011, ngudi diing diu don vj cinh sit vi tid em di cung c ^ m$t bin trinfa biy chi tilt nhitag cdng vifc don vj minh di hoin thinh ttong vifc ching Iji njn budn bin ngudi. M$e dfl nguin lyc hjn chl, ngudi dimg diu cinh sit da cd thl dilu tta va khdi tl hing chyc vy in, giii cflu hon 100 njn nhin cfla njn budn bin ngudi. Tfl nim 2007 din nim 2010, don vj cinh sit di lim vifc trfn hon 66 trudng hpp, lifn quan din 71 ngudi Idn vi 80 ttf em, din din vifc bit gifl 96 ngudi phjm tpi vi vifc truy t l cua faon 21 trudng hpp budn bin'^
Tji Malaysia, Chinfa phfl gin diy di cho phfp mft dinfa gii d^c l|p noi tjm ttu cfla cic njn nhin bj fp vio myc dich mji dim. Tl chflc Di cu Quic tl di tiln hinh nghifn ciiu hing nim cua Chinh phfl vi phi Chfah phfl vl noi tjm trfl, thih hhih sue khde vi dua ra khuyin nghj cho Chinh phfl Malaysia. Ding tiidi cinh sit tilp tyc giii cflu njn nhin khdi njn budn ngudi, vdi hon mft ttim njn nhin dupc giii cflu diu nim 2011. COng ttong nim dd, cinh sit phi vd mft dudng diy budn Iju di dua phy nil tfl Uganda vdi minfa kfade lim vifc hojc nghifn cflu nhung fliyc chit buOc hp Iim gii mji dim.
Li mOt ttong nhflng nudc cd njn budn bin ngudi diln ra fliudng xuyfn, CWnh phfl
Joseph Yun, Deputy Assistant Secretaiy, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Afbiis Statement Before the House Foreign Af^irs Conunittee Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Human Rights, Washington, DC, October 27,2011.
Campucfaia da ting uu tifn cho Bio cio vl flnh ttjng budn bin ngudi TIP. Bao cio Phnom Paih hfimieipal Court (PPMQ (B chi ra ling ttiong chhi fliang lAi nim 2011 cd 118 trudng hpp pfaam tfi budn bin ngudi.
Tji Myanmar, nfau Bao cio vifn die bift cfla LHQ ve flnfa htoh nhan quyin Myanmar Tomas Ojea Qumtana gfai n l ^ sau cfauyin fliim fliing 8/2011 cfla mtoh, Chmh phfl dang tiln hinh mOt so hojt dpng de chong Iji njn budn ngudi. Trong nim 2011, Oitoh phu Myanmar md rpng chuong ttinh ching budn bin ngudi flifm ngn nim cho din nim 2016, nhim ting lye
1 don vj vi fliinh lip dudng diy difn lldng toin quic".
Trong nhflng nim gin diy, cic nudc ASEAN di nhjn fliflc rd tmh nghifm ttpng vi cip bich cfla vin dl phdng ching budn bin ngudi trong khu vyc vi coi diy Ii van dl dupc quan tam uu tien dli vdi cic nudc ASEAN hifn nay. Do dd, Chfah phfl cic nudc ASEAN di cd nhflng no Iyc tt) ldn ttxing vifc hoin thifn phip lujt quic gia ding flidi xiy dyng mpt khudn kfai phip ly Chung ttxing khu vyc dl diu ttanh phdng ching t0i phjm budn ngudi, dd li: Hifp djnh hrong trv tti phip htoh sy 2004; Tuyfn bl ASEAN vl phdng ching budn ngudi, djc bift li phy nfl vi tti em; Tiq<en bo ASEAN vl Iao d^ng di trfl... Nim 2014, Hpi nghj chuyfn df hfn minh Nghj vifn khu wc ASEAN vl hpp tic ljp phip ttxing
" Josepb Yun, Deputy Assistant Secretaiy, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Atfiiin Statement Before the House Foreign Atftin Committee Subcommittee on Africa, Global HcaMi. and Human Rights, Washington, I X . October 27,2011.
Nghifn cflu An Dp vi Chin A. Sl 10 - 2016 phdng chong budn bin phy nO vi trf em flidng qua Bin khuyin ngfaj 7 diim vl ting cuftng pfaoi hpp pfadng cfaing budn bin ngufti trong kfau vyc ASEAN.
4. Kit lujn
Vdi tinh hinh hinh faifn nay, cd thl ndi Ddng Nam A la khu vyc chju hju qua njng ne tfl nhflng hilm fapa an nmfa phi truyin fliing nhu toi phjm xuyen qudc gia, budn biin phy nfl ttd em, budn bin ma ttiy, biln doi klii hju... Tinh chit nguy hilm cfla cic mli de dpa an nmh phi ttxiyln thing kfadng chi bilu h i ^ d mflc dp tin phi cfla nd dli doi vdi cupc song con ngudi mi cdn djt ra nhieu fliich flnic dli vdi sy In djnh x i h§i, an ntoh - chmh ttj. Nhit li ttxing bli einh toan ciu hda di lim cho phjm vi inh hudng an nmh phi ttuyin fliing ttd nen ttim tnpng hon, phflK tjp hon. Phjm vi tic dOng cfla vin dl da vupt ra kfadi bifn gidi linh flil vi Ipi icfa an nmh quic gia din tfc, cd quy md xuyfn bifn gidi. NhOng mli de dpa an ntoh phi ttuyin fliing, vi flil, tt* tiiinh nhflng fliich fliflc mang tfafa toin ciu
Trong nfaitag moi de dpa an.ntoh phi ttuyin fliing d Ddng Nam A nil cfm Ifn vin dl bu&i bin ngudi, djc bift li budn bin phy nfl vi tt* era dupc coi li mOt hifn ttipng ttiin ciu". Vin phdng Lifn hpp quic vl ma ttiy vi t0i phjm (UNODC) udc tinh cd kfaoang 75% nan nhin bj budn bin li phv no vi ttd em". Ttoh ehit nguy hilm
" International Labour Oiganization (ILO), A fiaure wlOuna child labour (Geneva: ILO, 2002), p.32.
United Nations Offlce on Dnigs and Crime (UNODC), Olobal Bepon on Tr,0ickb,g In Persons (New Yoric United Nations, 2012), p.7.
39
TiJto Thj m , Hodng Thj My Nhi. Thdch thiic an ninh phi mtyen thSng..
cOa n^n budn b ^ ngudi khdng chi thl h i ^ d nhOng thu do^n tinh vi cua nhfing tpi ph^m budn ngu&i, m^ con tb6 hien 6 mi!rc dQ gia t ^ g ddng k l nhChig n^n nhan bi k6o v ^ du6ng dSy buon ngu&i xiQ^en qudc gia.
Oiihh s\i nguy hiem niiy dS thii thach nghi^ ng3 n3ng lyc (fieu hanh cua ckc chinh phu, svr vung c h ^ c ^ thl chl chinh tri v^ c ^ nen kinh te, k l ca nhOng n ^ kinh t l m ^ me nhat.
Tru6c nhfing thach thuc cua v ^ n ^ budn ngudi, bdn thSn n$i t ^ cdc nu6c Ddng Nam A cd nhilu bi$n p h ^ d l tmy kfch t$n goc tdi ph^m budn ngudi. Ding thdi cdc Chinh phu Ddng Nam A dd cd sy hpp tdc ch$t chS vdi cdc nudc trong vd ngodi khu vyc nhdm tim kiim nhfing gidi phdp tli uu d l dli phd tdi p h ^ budn ngudi, bdo v§ ngn nhdn vd dua ra chinh sdch phdng ngite. Vi§c tim ra nhfing ngi^Sn nhdn quan trpng khdng chi giup cdc nudc Ddng Nam A tim ra bdn c h ^ v ^ dl, md cdn gji^ cdc nudc dua ra gidi phdp phu hpp vdi tfing nudc, khu vyc. Vi?t Nam Id nudc d khu vyc Ddng Nam A cd ngn budn bdn ngudi gia tdng trong nhfing ndm g ^ ddy. Vi§c nghi&i cijru v&i d l ndy s5 gdp phiin nhd cho Vi§t Nam thn hiiu dupc biic tranh chung vd thyc trgng budn bdn ngudi d E)dng Nam A. Qua dd cho thSy cuOc chiln ching lgi tdi phgm ndy s6 r ^ gian nan vd c ^ cd sy hpp tdc chjt che ciia todn khu vyc vd trfin thl gidi.
Tdi Ufu tham khio
I. Protocol to Prevent, Supjwess and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children, supplementing 40
the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, General Assembly resolution 55/25 of 15 November 2000 (ht^://www.ohchr.org)
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