Xay di/ng
cac mo hmh du Ijch cong dong tao sinh ke ben vu'ng
S huyen Bac Yen, tinh Sofn La
TA THI D O A M '
B I C Ydn la mot huydn vung niii cao cua tinh Stfn La, each trung tSm cua tinh lOOlim vl phia Dong Bac, gdm co 16 xa, thi trS^n. Huydn B i c Ydn, tinh Stfn La da dgt dtftfc nhCfng lidt qua Idia quan trong vide phat trid'n du lich cong d6ng, tao sinh ki cho ngtftfi dan, dac bidt la ddng bao dan tpc thieu sd'. Tuy nhidn, d^ phat trid'n hidu qua cac mo hinh nay, c i n tbi/c bidn nhffng giai phap d6ng bo, cung sii nd li^c idn cua chinh quyln dia phiftfng.
DIEU KIEN XAY^DL/NG MO HINH Dy LICH CQNG DONG CUA HUYEN BAC V E N
Vdi sff da dang ve dja hinh, stf hinh thdnh cac hd thiiy dien nhd chffa nffdc tren ndn khi hau nhiet ddi gid miia, Bac Ydn cd sff da dang vd phong phu ve cdc he sinh thdi vdi linh da dang sinh hpc ttfdng dd'i cao, tdp trung chu ye'u d cac khu bao tdn thidn nbien Ta XCia, Hdng Dong. Day la ndi tap trung cua cdc lodi thffc vdt, thii, chim va bd sdt trong dd cd nhieu lodi quy hiem cd gid trj phiic vu phdt trien du Iich sinh thdi vd nghidn ctfu khoa hpc, nhtf: khi mat do, khi dudi ldn, ga'u, hodng, ldn rtfng, sdc bay...
Ben canh nhffng gid tri sinh thdi iff nhien, he sinh tbdi nong nghiep, dien hlnh Id che Ta Xua, tdo Sdn Tra, rudng bdc tbang, thdc Hdng Nang xd Xim Vdng, Hang Chu... dffdc xem Id "tdi nguyen" du Ijch tff nhidn cd gia trj. Hinh anh vd Ta Xila, may dinh Ta Xua, sd'ng Iffng Khung Long, dd trd ndn khd quen thude vdi khach du lich qud'c te', vi vdy can dffdc khai thdc tao nen san phara du lich mang dac trffng cua Huyen.
Ld vung dd't sinh sd'ng ldu ddi eiia 7 dan tpc, trong dd dan ldc Mdng chie'm 42,7%, Bac Yen la dia phffdng mang
ddm trong minh cac gia trj van hda dan tdc mien mii Tay Bac. Ngoai ra, Bac Yen cd ljch sff truyen thd'ng da'u tranh chd'ng giac ngoai xara (khu can cff cdch mang 99). Chinh vi vdy, cac tdi nguyen du lich nhan vdn ciing Id cdc yd'u td' quan trpng de phdt trien du Ijch.
Ddc biet, bien nay nhieu ban dan tdc d Bac Yen edn lffu giff dffdc nhieu gia tri sinh boat, vdn hod truyen thd'ng ed xtfa. Ld cd'p sac cua ddn tdc Dao (di san vdn bda phi vat the ca'p qud'c gia). Day dtfdc xem la nhffng tdi nguyen du lich nhdn vdn ddc thu cd the kbai thdc de tao thanh nhtfng san pham du lich van hda cd gid trj hd'p ddn khdeh du lich.
Mdt so'lang ban dan tdc tieu bieu cd gia In du lich can dtfdc dau ttf phdt trien rad hinh du Iich sinh thai, du Iich cdng ddng, homestay gdn vdi cdc chtfdng trinh xda ddi gidm ngheo, xdy dtfng ndng thdn mdi, bao gdm: Trung tdm xd Hong Ngai, Ta Xua, Lang Che'u, Xim Vdng, Hang Chu, Hang Ddng.
THUC TRANG XAY D U N G M 6 HINH DU LICH C O N G D O N G CUA HUYEN OAC YEN
Nhan tbtfc rd vai trd to ldn cua du hch dd'i vdi stf phai Irien kinh te' - xd hdi cua dia phtfdng, trong thdi gian qua huyen Bdc Yen da ban banh nhieu nghj quyd't, quydl dinh. ke' hoach, chtfdng tnnh hanh ddng, de dn ve phat trien du Ijch dd'n nam 2025, lam nhin de'n ndra 2030, dien hinb Id:
- Ke hoach sd 97-KH/HU. ngdy 16/10/2017 cua Ban Thtfdng vu Huydn uy ve trien khai Nghi quyet
'TS., Ban Quan ly khoa hpc va Hdp tac quoc te, Hgc vien Chinh tri Khu vtfc I
Economy and Foreust Re'
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H TE MGAMH - L A N H THO
sd 08-NQ/TW, ngdy 16/01/21017 cua Bd Cbinh tri ve phat trien du ljch trd thdnh ngdnh kinh te' mui nhon.
- Nghi quyet sd 20/NQ-HDND, ngdy 19/12/2018 phdt tridn du Iich Bac Ydn dd'n 2020, tim nhin dd'n ndm 2030.
- Ke boacb sd 364/KH-UBND, ngay 06/03/2019 phdi tridn du ljch huyen Bac Yen nam 2019...
Bdn canh dd, chinh quyen Huyen cdn tap trung chi dao tridn khai De an Phdt trien du Ijch huyen Bac Yen dd'n nam 2020 tim nhin dd'n ndm 2030; bd' tri ngudn life tbtfc bien cac bidn phdp tuydn truyen, quang bd hinh dnh ciia Huyen de'n khach du lich trong vd ngodi tinh; ddng tbdi, tbu hut. mdi gpi cdc nhd dlu Itf dau ttf vao pbat trien du lich tren dja bdn huyen, dac bidt la mdt sd diem cd tiem ndng, nhtf: du ljch cdng ddng ban Ta Xiia A, Cbung Cbinh xa Td Xiia, khdm pha cdc di tich Ijch sff Hang A Phu xd Hdng Ngai, Bai da khac co khe Hd xd Hang Chu...
Nhd dd, nhffng nam gin ddy, sd' Iffdng khdch du ljch trong va ngoai ntfdc dd'n vdi huydn Bac Yen da khdng ngffng ldng len. So Iffdt khdch du Iich de'n Bdc Ydn nam 2015 dat 25.000 Itfdt ngtfdi, ndm 2016 dat 25.000 Itfdt ngtfdi, nam 2017 dat 30.000 Itfdt ngtfdi.
Trong dd, khdch qud'c te' 350 Itfdt ngtfdi, doanh thu du hch trdn dia bdn Huydn dat khoang 15 ly ddng, tang 18% so vdi nam 2016. Nam 2018, lodn Huydn dd ddn tid'p trdn 32 nghin Itfdt khdch du lich, doanh thu Iff cac cd sd Itfu tni trdn dja ban huydn tfdc dat tren 16.4 ty ddng. Hoat ddng cua du lich, djch vu gdp phan tdng trtfdng trong cd cd'u kinh td' cua dia phtfdng (UBND huyenBac Ydn, 2018).
Dieu ddng mffng Id vide khai thac du hch mang Iai Idi ich cho ngtfdi dan dja phtfdng, tang thu nhdp tff vide tham gia cdc hdat ddng du Ijch, nhtf: phuc vu nhu cau Itfu tni, thtfdng thffc cdc mdn am thtfc ddc ddo, bdy bdn cdc do tbu cdng, bieu dien dan ca. dan vu, trai nghidm sinh boat van hda gia dinh, cdng ddng... da gdp phan on dinh ddi sd'ng kinh td', phdt trien sinh kd'va xda ddi, giam ngheo.
Cu the, theo Bdo cdo Kd't qua thffc hien Kd' hoach Phdt Irien kinh id' - xd hpi, dam bao qud'c phdng an ninh ndm 2018, ty Id hd ngheo ctia Huyen cdn 27.81%.
giam 5,77% so vdi nam 2017, vtfdt so vdi chi tidu kd' hoach giao (ke hoach giao giam trdn 4%); Ty Id lao dpng qua ddo tao, htfdng nghiep (cd van bang, chtfng clii): 24,2%, dat chi tidu kd' hoach giao (ke hoach giao 24,2%);Sd ngtfdi dtfdc gidi quyd't, tao vide ldm trong ndm la 1.771 ngtfdi, bang 141.68% so vdi ke' hoach giao (ke' hoach giao 1.250 n|tfdi).
Du ljch cpng ddng thtic ddy stf cdng bang trong phat trien du Ijch, vdi vide mang lai cho cpng ddng nhffng ldi ich tff vide cung cd'p cdc dich vu du lich \a kd't ca'u ha tins; giao thdng, didn. ntfdc, vidn thdng. \ d sinh mdi tnfdng, canh quan thidn nhien... Cu the. trong ndm 2018 Huydn dtfdc tinh dau ttf 02 tuydn dtfdng tmng lam xd (tuyen Phieng Cdn. Chieng Sai - Yen Chau da hddn thanh tuyd'n Mffdng Khoa - Ta Khoa dang thi cdng).
dau ttf he thdng didn cho cac ban chtfa cd didn ciia 4
xa Td Xiia, Hang Chu, Ldng Chd'u, Xim Vang... Ngodi ra. Huyen cung can ddi cdc ngudn vd'n dtfdc giao de dau ttf mdi 58 cdng trinh ed sd vdt cha't ha tang cdc Ioai (da hoan thanh 23 cdng trinh) va huy ddng ngudn Itfc ciia Nhdn ddn Iam dffdc 173 cdng trinh theo Nghi quyd't sd' 77 cua HDND Tinh. Ndm 2018, loan Huyen cd 12/16 xd, thi ttd'n cd dffdng d td dd'n trung tdm xa dffdc ctfng hda (bang 75%); 89%
dan sd dtfdc sff dung didn lffdi qud'c gia;
96% dan sd ndng thdn dffdc sffdung ntfdc sinh boat hdp vd sinh; 78% dan sd'dd thi dtfdc sff dung nffdc sach; cdc chi tidu cd ban dat kd' hoach giao.
Du licb cpng ddng cdn gdp phan phuc hdi va phdt trien cdc gid trj vdn hda \a nghe truyen thd'ng: Ld hdi Cau mua cua Ddn tdc Thai; Hdi thi bdn no cua Ddn tpc Mdng; Le ed'p sdc ciia Dan tdc Dao;
Id ca vdi ban mo noi tie'ng "Te ta't td ddc" ciia dan tdc Mffdng...
Nhff vay, xdy dffng va phdt trien md hinh du Ijch cdng ddng se Id cd hdi lot de cbo huyen Bac Yen tao sinh kd' ben vffng cho ngtfdi dan dia phtfdng.
Ben canh do, cdn cd thdch thtfc dd'n ttf nhdn thtfc cua ngtfdi dan chffa day dii vd cdc kid'n thffc, ky ndng du hch chffa dtfdc ddo tao bai ban, stf tham gia cua nha ntfdc va doanb nghidp cdn ban che', trong khi cdng ddng dia phtfdng chtfa cd dtfdc stf hd trd phii hdp.
MQT SO GIAI PHAP CAN THI^C HI^N TRONG THdl GIAN T 6 |
Tha nkdt, ban kdnk cdc cO chi. chink sdck Uu ddi, thu hdt ddu tu pkdt triin du lick cgng dong
Nghidn ctfu xdy dtfng, ban hdnh cd che, chinh sach thu hut dau ttf trdn dia bdn huydn Bac Yen (chinh sdch lidn kd't thu hut khdch du Ijch, thii tuc cap phep ddng ky dau ttf...) theo quy djnh hien hanh, dam bdo tbu hut vdn dlu ttf dat hidu qua.
Dde biet, can quan iam kdu gpi stf hd trd, giup dd ciia cdc td chtfc phi chinh phli trong va ngoai ntfdc ve nhan Itfc, tdi chinb va kinh nghiem phdt trien du Ijch cdng ddng. Trong dieu kidn kinh td' - xa hdi cua dia phtfdng cdn khd khan vd cdn thie'u kinb nghidm xdy dtfng md hinh du lich cdng ddng, thi stf hd trd ciia cac td chffc nay Id rat quan trpng.
Tha kai. gidi phdp ddu tu .xdy dffng kit cd'u hg tdng. cO sd vdt chdt ky thudt du lich d dia pkuang
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Can tdng cffdng dlu tff xdy dffng kd't cd'u ha ting vd cd sd vdt cha't ky thudt du lich tai mdt sd' diem, tuye'n du lich trdn dia ban huyen de phat trien du hch cdng ddng dtfdc thudn Idi. Ben canh do, cung can cd stf quy hoach long the ve khdng gian, kid'n true vd mot sd' mau tbie't ke' xay dtfng nhd d truyen thd'ng, cdc di tich lich sff; dlu ttf phdt trien cdc ldng nghe truyen thd'ng phu hdp vdi khdng gian theo md hinb du lich cdng ddng tai cdc dia ban dan ctf vd dia phtfdng.
Thff ba, gidi pkdp ve phdt tnin du lick cd sU tham gia cua cgng ddng cff ddn dia phuang
Md hlnh du Iich cdng ddng mang tinh chat ciing an, cffng d, cung sinh boat vdi ngtfdi ddn, gdp phan tdng thu nhap, tao cdng dn vide ldm, xda ddi giam ngheo cbo ngtfdi dan dia phtfdng.
Do dd, stf thara gia cua cpng ddng dja phtfdng la ye'u td' quye't djnh vide hinh thanh vd tao ndn thanh cdng cho Ioai hinh du Ijch nay. Vi de phdt trien du Iich cdng ddng, thi cin cd stf thara gia cua ngtfdi ddn nhtf dtfa dtfdng ddn Id'i du khach tim hieu ve van hda, sinh boat ddi sd'ng cua ngtfdi ddn ban dja, phtfdng tien di lai, cde boat dpng sinh boat cdng ddng... tao dieu kidn cho du khaeh bid't va hieu, gdp phan nang cao gid trj tour du Ijch tai huyen Bac Yen.
Vi vdy, ldi keo stf tham gia cua cdng ddng dja phtfdng vdo phdt trien du ljch la mdt vide ldm hd't sffc c i n tbie't.
Thff tu. gidi pkdp ddo tgo vd ndng cao nhgn thUc cda ngffdi qudn ly du lick, ngudi ddn dia pkuang
- Dd'i vdi can bd Huydn, xd, bdn, Idng tham gia quan Iy du lieh cpng ddng:
Cdn bd Huydn, xd va can bd ban lang la nhtfng ngtfdi trtfc tid'p nhd't tham gia vdo cdng tac quan Iy boat ddng du lich cdng ddng va stf phdt irien cua loai hinh du Iich ndy tai dia phtfdng. Do dd, can td chtfc cde ldp bdi dtfdng nang eao nghiep
vu du lich cho cdn bp xd, ban lang va nhan dan tham gia ngbien ctfu, hpe tap.
- Dd'i vdi cdng ddng dja phtfdng tbam gia vao boat dpng du lich cdng ddng: Hien nay, ngtfdi dan tai viing quy hoach phdi Irien va td chffc boat ddng du ljch chu ye'u Id dan tdc thieu so, ndn trinh do dan tri d ddy vdn dang cdn tha'p. Do vdy, can thie't phai td chffc cdc khda hpc cho nhtfng ngtfdi tham gia trtfc tie'p vao viec ddn va phuc vu khdch, cac khda dao tao ky ndng nghiep vu cho ngtfdi ddn, khuye'n khich cac hp gia dinh ttf hpe tap ldn nbau, to chtfc cdc budi gap mat trao ddi kinh nghidm giffa cdc hp d trong xd Iam du ljch.
Thff ndm, phdi cd gidi phdp bdo ve vd tdn tgo nguon tdi nguyin du lick
Dd phat trien du lich cpng ddng ben vffng, thi vd'n de quan trpng dffdc ddt ra Id phai cd bidn phdp de vffa khai thdc cdc ngudn tai nguydn va tai nguyen nhan vdn phuc vu cho pbat trien du Iich, vffa bdo vd dffdc mdi trffdng sinh thdi vd duy tri dtfdc ban sac van hoa vd'n cd cua dia phtfdng. Va, de phdt buy bdn nffa bleu qua ciia md hinh du licb cdng ddng tai huydn Bac Ydn can cd nhffng giai phdp cu the trong vide bao ve mdi trffdng vd Iai nguydn thidn nhidn; bao ve vd gitf gin, ddng thdi phat huy nhffng gid trj vdn hod truyen thd'ng cua dia phffdng...
Tha sdu, hodn thien cong tdc qudn ly vd ndng cao ckdt lugng casd luu tru, nhd kdng de phdt trien du lick cgng ddng bin vffng
- Hodn thidn cdng tac to chffc, quan ly du Ijch trdn dia bdn. Xay dtfng md binh td chtfc quan Iy du hch cdng ddng, bao gdm cac bp phdn: (1) Djch vu btfdng ddn tbam quan; (2) Dicb vu ndi Ini; (3) Djch vu dn udng; (4) Dich vu vui chdi giai tri, van nghd, bdn hang
- Nang cad cha't Itfdng cdc cd sd Itfu trti, nhd hdng de phdt trien du lich ngay cang dam bdo chd't Itfdng, ddp tfng dtfdc nhu elu Itfu tni, thu hut du khdch.
Thff bdy, gidi phdp qudng bd du lich cgng ddng kuyen Bac Yen
Dau ttf va xay dffng chid'n Iffdc qudng cdo theo Id trinh cu thd bdng cdc hinh thffc da dang, hd'p dan tren cac phffdng tidn truyen thdng hidn dai, nha't Id qua mang internet... vdi nhffng npi dung thdng diep mdi sdng tao hdn. Quang bd du Iich qua internet vdi nhffng npi dung day du nhd't ve tbang canh vd du lich cdng ddng tai Bdc Yen phai bang ca cde ngdn ngff qud'c te', nhff: tie'ng Anh, Trung, Phdp...Q
TAI L l | U THAM KHA^O-
1. HDND huydn B^c Ydn (2017). Nghi quye't sd 20/NQ-HDND, ngdy 19/12/2017 phdt trien du Uch Bdc Yen din 2020, ldm nhin din nam 2030
2. UBND huyen Bac Yen (2019). Ki kogch sd 364/KH-UBND. ngdy 06/03/2019 phdt trien du lick huyin Biic Yen ndm 2019
3. UBND huydn Bdc Ydn (2018). Bdo cdo sd 960/BC- UBND. ngdy 30/11/2018 vi Kit qua tkuc Men Ki kogck phdt triin kink ti - .\d hgi, ddm bdo qudc phdng an nink nam 2018; Ki hogch pkdt trien kink ti-xd kdi. dam bdo qud'c pkdng an ninh ndm 2019
4. BOi Thj Hai Yd'n (chu bien) (2012). Du lich cgng dong. Nxb Gido due Viet Nam
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