VIEN D I A LY - V I E N KKOCN VIET NAM ISOI D | A LY VIET NAM
C A C DO'N V ! S I N H T H A I DAI C A T V E N B I E N M I E N T R U N G TT/
Q U A N G B I N H D E N B I N H T H U A N VA D I N H H U ' O N G SU' D U N G
Nguyen Thanh Tuan , Nguyen Xudn Hdu', Nguyen Thdnh Long^
S U M M A R Y
Ecological Units of Coastal Sandy Area from Quang Binh to Binh Thuan Province and Utility Solutions
The main content of this paper is the establishment of a mup depicting the ecological units within the study area (scale 1:250,000). Ecologicul units were understood to be sandy dunes, sandy beaches etc. having the same formed ion, material composition, geomorphological processes as well as biological and climatic factors.
This was achieved with ihe assistance of Landsat (TM) data captured in 2003, and groimd-lriithing surveys. We identified 45 ecological units distributed across 3 major eco-zones. These ecological units were also grouped into 10 main coastal sandy areas.
Some land use models for the study area were identified and prescribed based on the characteristics of ecological composition. These land use models were developed using a dual scale approach, one method focusing on ecological units, the other focusing on coastal sandy areas. Two major themes were concluded from this process, 1) we strongly recommended that the maximum area of individual industrial shrimp farming projects should not exceed 50 ha, and that these farming projects be distributed in a
non-clustered and dispersed geogruphicul putlern, and 2) eco-loiirism may be a more appropriate means of exploitation for these areas.
DAT VAN DE
Dai eat ven bien mien Trung tu Qudng Binh den Binh Thudn (DCMT), chay ddi chu yeu theo hudng Bac - Nam qua dja phan 11 tinh, thanh va 47 huyen, thj vdi dien tich kl-iodng 337.000 ba, dilm cue Bdc 18°00' VDB, cue Nam 1G°30' VDB, cue Ddng 109°26' KDD, cue Tay 106°22' KDD. Mdt ddi dit hep, noi hep nhit thude huyen Nam Phan Rang 0,2 km, noi rdng nhdt thugc huyen Tuy Phong - Phan Thid 25 km, vdi nhieu cua sdng, ben cdng, bai bien dep, tap trung ddng dan cu, cd qudc Id lA chay qua, DCMT cd vj tri dac biet quan trgng cho phdt trien kinh te va an ninh qudc phdng khdng ehi ddi vo'i ede tinh mien Trung ma ddi voi ed nude ndi chung.
DCMT trdi dai khoang 600 km, la khu vuc chua dn djnh, mdt ddc thii tir nhien ciia mien duyen hdi, dugc thdnh tcao trong edc mdi tuong tac lau ddi giua bien vd lue dja, gifra sdng vd bien, giu'a gid va nhfrng tac ddng ciia con ngudi... Day la khu vuc nhay cdm, tiem an nhieu nhfrng khd nang ciing nhu hiem hoa, vi vay de cd the khai thac ' Bdo ldng Thien nhien Viet Nam
' Bdo long Thien nhien Viet Nam Vien Dia ly
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn qudc lan th&S - Ha Ndi, 2010 1057
VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KHOCN VIET NAM HOI DIA L-T VIET NAM
hgp ly cdc dai cdt, cd hieu mdi trirdng. hieu qua kinh te cao, dam bdo phdt trien ben
\fmo cdn phai cd nhfrng nghien ciru tdng hgp. ndm bcdt dugc cdc quv' ludt hinh thdnh \d phat triln cua chimg va dir bdo dugc nhfrng bien ddi do tdc ddng ciia con ngudi.
Nahidi ciru. thdnh lap bdn dd cdc don vj sinh thdi (DVST) DCMT nhdm xdc dinh sir phdn di Idnh ihd. quy ludt phdn hod khdng gian, cdc qud trinh thdnh Igo. dien thi cua ccic he sinh thdi DCMT vd lien hdnh do ve chung. Cdc chiic ndng sinh thai dele irimg dugc idng hgp cho cdc DVST. cimg vai cdc ket qud Idng kel cdc md hinh hien dang dugc sir dung se Id ca sd khoa hgc dd kien nghi cdc md hinh vd cdc gidi phdp tdng thi su dung hgp ly cdc he sinh ihdi DCMT
I. Dac dilm tu nhien cua cac yeu td thanh tao don vj sinh thai
Bd mdl dia hinh, ngodi cdc bai eat hep ven bd nghieng, phdng, phdn ldn cd dang con. dun xen cdc bdi triing bang phdng hoac lugn sdng d do cao chu yeu 20 - 40m. rieng vung cdt dd phia Nam lanh thd ed do cao ldn hon 100 - 200m, be mat chia cat, nhieu noi ed dang cdc ddi cdt.
Khi huu lodn cldi mang tinh chuyen tiep giua khi hcdu nhiet ddi gid miia ed miia ddng lanh o phia Bdc \'d khi hdu nhiet ddi gid miia khdng cd nuia ddng kanh d phia Nam, phdn boa manh me theo khdng gian va cd tinh bien ddng cao. Khu vuc phia Bdc deo Hai Vdn do cdn chju anh hudng ciia gid nuia Ddng - Bde nen lugng birc xa tdng cdng thip. dao ddng 108 - 150 kcal/cnr/ndm, tdng gid nang khoang 1800 - 2000 gid/
ndm. Nhid do trung binh nam dudi 25°C. Miia ddng bai lanb, tir thdng Xll den thang 11
\'di nhiet do trung binh thdng dudi 20°C. Miia ndng dai 5 - 7 thdng, tir thdng IV hoac V den thdng IX bode X. Bien do nhiet do ndm dat tdi 9,1 - 11°C. d khu vuc phia Nam deo Hai Vdn. su dnh hudng cua gid miia Ddng - Bdc da yeu di. nen lirgng birc xa tdng cdng nam cao hon. dcit 151 - 162 kcal/cm"/iiain vd hang nam ed tren 2000 gid nang. Dac biet d Ninh Thudn vd Binh Thuan tdng sd gid ndng dat 2750 - 2850 gid/ nam. Lugng mua ndm thay ddi rd r d tu Bde vdo Nam. Phdn phia Bac lanh thd den Qudng Ngdi. lugng nura ndm phdn ldn dat 2000 - 3000mm, Idn nhdt cd the dat tren 3300 mm d Thira Thicn Hue. Khu \u'e Nam Qudng Ngai den Khanh Hod lugng mua dao ddng 1000 - 2000inm/nam, mua it nhdt d vimg thdp ciia tinh Ninh Thuan vd Bac Binh Thuan chi dat 600 - 800inin/ndin. phia Nam Binh Thuan lugng nura tang cao hon, dat khodng 1000 -
1600inin/nam. Tren diii bd phdn lanh thd cd kieu mua He, Thu - Ddng bode He - Thu - Ddng. Dieu can luu y Id tinh bien ddng manh me cua lugng mua. He Cv ciia lugng mua ucdm dao ddng trong khodng 0,18 - 0,29 tren phin ldn lanh thd, gia trj Idn nhit tdi 0,30 - 0.45 d Khdnh Hod vd Ninh Thuan. DCMT cdn chju dnb hudng khd nang ne ciia cdc hidi tugng thdi lid dcde bid mang tinh thien tai nhu bao, mua Idn gay lu kit, khd ndng.
han hdn. ddng, ldc, gid manh...
Ddc didm thuy vdn vd che do ddng chcdy lien quan chat che vdi dac diem dja hinh vd che do khi hau. Trong loan ddi cd tdi 56 luu vuc cd cua sdng rieng bid, nhung trong dd chi cd 4 lun vuc cd dien tich F > 10000 km", 19 luu vuc cd F > 1000 knr, cdn lai Id cdc luu \irc nhd cd didi tich dudi 500 knr. Cdn cu vdo thdi gian xuit hien va lugng dong chd\ d cdc sdng. sudi ed ihl chia ra 3 khu virc cd ehl do ddng chdy kbdc nhau:
Dai \en bien Qudng Binh - Qudng Trj: Miia lu vao miia Thu - Ddng. keo ddi 3 thdng. nhung lugng ddng chdy miia ki chilm tdi 60 - 70% lugng ddng chdy ndm vdi M
= 100 - 130 l/s/knr. ddng chay ldn nhcit llurdna xuit hien vao thdng X. Miia kid keo
1058 Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn cjud'c ldn th&S - Hd Ndi, 2010
VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KHOCN VIET NAM KOI DIA LY VIET NAM
ddi 9 thdng (Xll - VIII). nhung lugng ddng chd}' tirong ddi cao (M = 2 5 - 5 0 l/s/knr* do lugng nura mang tdi vimg khd ldn.
Ddi ven bicin Thira Thien Hue den Khdnh Hod; Miia lu keo ddi 3 thdng (X - Xll).
lugng ddng chdy chiem 60 - 75% lirgng ddng chdy ndm, ddng chdy lu d ddy dien ra dc liel nhdt so vdi cd Nude vd cd modul ki ldn nhdt (M= 150 - 2001/s/knr), duing cd ddng chdy kill nhdl Id thdng XL Miia kiet tir thdng I dcui thdng IX, lugng ddng chay miia kid chiem 25 - 40%i lugng ddng chdy nam (iVl= 1 5 - 3 5 l/s/km"'. So vdi cdc sdng sudi tren cd nude thi day la viing cd lugng ddng chdy khd phong phii do ngudn dm mang ldi khu VU'C trong thdi ky mua kiet bdi gid nuia DB bien tinh khi qua bicJn vd gid miia DN nen lugng nura miia kiet kkd ldn.
Ddi ven bien cue Nam Trung Bd (Ninh Thudn - Binh Thuan): Miia ki xudt hien vao thdng Vll den thdng X, lugng ddng chdy nuia hi chidu 70 - 80% lugng ddng chdy nam (M= 30 - 50 l/s/km"). Thdng X cd lugng ddng chdy ldn nhdl. Miia kid kc;o ddi 8 llidng tir thdng XI den thdng VI chi chiem khodng 30%o lirgng ddng chdy ndm (M= 5 -
10 l/s/knr), vd cd xu the gidm dan tir Tay sang Ddng, ddy Id khu vuc ed ty trgng vd edc gid trj ddng chdy mua ki(}t nhd nhdl so vdi cae sdng sudi tren todn lanh thd V i d Nam.
Ngudn iiuci'c cdc sdng sudi trong vimg ngodi phdn dugc cung cdp bdi lugng nude thugng ngudn, lugng nude dudi ddt tai chd lir edc cdn cdt cao dgc bien ciing ddng vai trd quan trgng Irong vdn dci sir dung nude. Vimg nghic'ii ciru ed 8 nhdm tang chira nude, nhung ehi cd 2 tang cbira nude cd dien phdn bd rdng, cd y nghia cho cung cap nude;
tang chira nude tram tich bd rdi Holocen Qiv vd tang chira nude tram tich bd rdi Pleistocen Qi. m- Qua ddnh gid trfr lugng khai thdc tiem ndng cho thdy nude dudi ddt cd trfr lugng khdng ldn, chiing chi ddp irng dirge nhu can cdp nude vdi qui md vira vd nhd.
Theo phdn loai ciia FAO - UNESCO, lanh thd nghien ciru bao gdm 3 nhdm ddt ehinh: nhdm Dcdt eat ven bien (arenosols - AR); nhdm Dat man (Salic fluvisols - FIs);
vd nhdm Dat plien (Thionic fluvisols - fit). Nhdm Ddt cat ven bien gdm: cdn cdt trdng vang (ARl); cdn cdi dd (ARr); dat Ccdt bien (ARh). Nhdm ddt man; ddt man sii vet (FLsg); dal man nbieu (FLsh); ddt man trung binh va it ( FLsm); va nhdm ddt plien ed mdl don vj - dat phen boiit ddng( FLts).
Nghien ciru thdm thirc vdi vd ldi nguydn thuc vdi ddi cdt dugc ddt trong cdc dieu kien phcdt sinh cdc kieu thdm ciia todn khu VIJC ven bien Trung Bd. Lanh thd hep, trdi ddi tdi 6 dci vT vdi dja hinh da dang, edc bai trieu, dun eat, ddng bang hep dan xen vdi cdc day ddi va mii vdi nhung do cao kbdc nhau an ra den sat bien, vd bj chia eat bdi he thdng sdng ngdn, ddc da tcao cho khu vuc cdc kieu thdm tlurc vat ddc trung vdi llidnh phdn lodi phong phii tren ede nen ddt thuc vdi kbdc nbau: Ddt dja ddi; ddt phi dja ddi vd ddt ndi dja ddi. Nen ddt phi dja ddi chiem hdu bet dien tich khu vuc nghien cuu, dui yen Id dal cdt gidu Si02, dat tren nen san hd viin chi cd dien tieb nhd. Ddt thodt nude nhanh, ludn khd ban, qud trinh hinh thdnh ddt chua hodn chinh. Do vay rimg trcin dal eat thud'ng gdm cac cay cd bd la cirng vd dai, he re pbdl trien rat sau de thich ung vdi dieu kien khd ban. Cac cay thudng cd hinh ddng cdy bi,ii ban la edy gd. Khi bi khai thac, rirng chuyen sang trang thai cay bi^ii vd trdng cd chju ban. Thdm thuc vat tu nhien gdm cae kieu;
-I- Rirng tren edc dun cat: Riing cdn tren cdc dia diem cdt tuong ddi dn djnh, tren cdc di,in cat khi clura bi con ngudi khai pha cd mdt thdm thi-rc vat tuong ddi kin tdn, cau tnie tdt, dn djnh mdi trudng khu vuc. Flan die sir tdc dcdng ciia con ngudi la cd khd nang phuc hoi dirge rung tren cdt.
Hdi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn qudc ldn th&S - Hd Ndi, 2010 1059
VIEN DIA LY - ^ ^ E N KHOCN VIET NAM HOI DIA L"i" VIET NAM
+ Trang cdy bui thir sinh: Trdng cay bui thir sinh hinh thanh sau kbi bi khai thac lam dit canh tdc vd ca sau khi khai thdc gd.
+ Trdng ed thir sinh: Loai trdng thay the trang cay bui. rung bi mat di trong qua trinh canh tdc.
+ Thdm thuc vat trong: Tren dat phi dja ddi (dat cat bien) cbii yeu la rirng phi lao (Casuarina equiselifolia), cae cay khac nhu keo Id chain, bach dan . Tii' nam 1981 bit diu thu nghidn cay xoan chju ban (Azdirachla indica) vdi gidng tir Senegan va den nam 1988 bdt diu trong thi be 3 d vimg cat Tuy Phong.
+ Cay trong ndng nghiep (liia, hoa mdu) + Cdy trdng khu dan cu
+ Cdy cdng nghiep va cay an qua
Nhin chung, ddi ven bien mien Trung vdi nhfrng dac diem ti^r nhien da dang ed nhilu kilu he sinh thai (HST) kbdc nhau (bdng 1), trong dd dai cat ven bien la kilu HST ddc ddo va ddc trung.
2. Ban dd cac don vj sinh thai
Ban dd cdc don vj sinh thai DCMT ly le 1/250.000 dugc thanh lap tren ca sd gidi dodn dnh ve tinh nam 2003, 2004; sir dung cdc chirc nang phan tich va tdng hgp khdng gian ciia he thdng tin dja ly (HTTDL); va 4 dgt khdo sat thuc dja. Hinh 1 trinh bdy quy trinh xay dung bdn dd cdc dan vi sinh thai DCMT.
Cdc DVST vimg cat dugc hieu la cdc bai, cdn, dun cat tuong ddi ddng nhat ve hinh thdi. thdnh phan vat chat, ddng luc hinh thdnh, dac diem sinh khi hau vdi chirc ndng sinh thdi ddc thii vd cd tinh true quan, ed nghTa cdc DVST cd the nhdn biet dugc ngodi tlurc dja vd cd the nhan biet dugc qua anh ve tinh, dnb may bay. Flai van de ca ban nhat trong qud trinh xay dung mdt ban dd cac dan vj sinh thai la xac djnh Ccdc chi tieu de phan biet giira edc DVST khac nhau va ranh gidi de do ve chiing. De lam rd nen nhid dm eiia cdc don vi sinh thai DCMT da sir dung cac chi tieu tdng tich dn, nhiet do trung binh nam, nhiet do trung binh thdng 1, bien do nliiet do nam, kieu mua va sd thdng khd ban, cdn cdc chi tieu vj tri dja ly, hinh thdi dia hinh, do mai mdn, cap do hak do ket dinh vd man sac ciia cat dimg de the hien dac trung ciia mat dem va thanh phan vat chat.
Phuong phdp dugc sir dicing de xac djnh ranh gidi giiia cac DVST la phuang phdp yeu td didi khien (yeu Id chii dao) cimg vdi viec sir dicing CSDL dai cat ven bien mien Trung va cdc chirc nang phan tich cua HTTDL (ARCINFO 9.0; ARCVIEW 3.3 vd MAPINFO 8.5).
Khao sat thirc dia
Chi lieu xac dinh cac DVST
Anh ve linh Gicii doan
CSDL
He; Ihong lliong lin
Dia Iv Ban do
Khao sal llurc dia
Kiem Ira va hicu chinh
Hmh 1. So- dd quy trinh xdy dung bdn do cdc DVST
1060 Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn qud'c ldn th&S - Ha Ndi, 2010
VIEN DIA LY - V I E N K H O C N VIET NAM KOI DIA LY ViST NAM
Ban dd edc DVS F DCMT ty le 1: 250.000 ihe hien bai cdp phdn vj " vimg sinh thai" (VST ) vd " don vi sinh thai", DVST Id cap co ban. Flinh 2 the hien rndt trich doan ban dd Cede don vj sinh thdi DCMT. Tren co sd phan tich tuong quan giua cac dilu kien nhid vd dm, che do mua, toan DCMT duge chia thanh ba VST nhiet ddi gid miia (NDGM), cu Ihl:
1. Viing sinh thdi NDGM ndng am, cd nuia ddng lanh, mua He-Thu-Ddng trai dgc ven bien ede tinh Qudng Binh, Qudng Trj, Thua Thien-Hue. Tdng nhiet do nam dudi 9000"C, nhiet do trung binh nam 22- 25"C, nhiet do trung binh thdng lanh nhdt 1 8 - 20''C, bien do nhiet nam tren 9°C, luong mua ndm tren 1500mm, thudng xiy ra niurng hien tircrng thai tiet ddc bid mang tinh thien lai, nhu gid Lao khd-ndng, cd dudi 4 thdng khd.
Bdng 1. Dcic trung co'bdn ciia cdc HST ven hien tir Qudng Binh din Binh Thiign
n
1 2
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4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Ite sinh thai Dai cat
Bon ihu nirci'c ngoi Ircn diii cai Rirng ngap miin
Ran san ho
Co bien
Cua song
Bai trieu
Bam pha
Vung bien
Diim nuoi ihuy san
Dcio
Diic trung ve sinli tliai
- Co ciic kieu dill cat khac nhau, khong co tham thirc vat che phu lioiic thuc Veil thira thcVt, thuc vat Uong phong hg chu yen la phi lao, keo.
- Kho han, can coi, da dang sinh hcic thap.
- Thuy vuc nong.
- Klui he thuy sinh vat nuoc ngcit la co ban. Thiinh phan loai dan dicu.
- Bai Uieu lay chua man ven bey, cira song, do niu6i thiip
- Da dang sinh hcic cao, noi cir tru, iram nuoi cua nhieu loai dong vat Ihuy sinh.
- 0 xung quanh cac dao toi do siiu 6m, do muoi cao
- Tinh da dang va niing suat sinh hoc cao, nhieu loai co gia tri khai thac - Nai cir trii vii bid giong ciia nhieu loai sinh viit bien
- Bao ve ba bien
- 1 IST nhay cam voi doc to vii phii sa
- Ven bo, cira s6ng, ven ciic dcio tai dp sau 6m hoiic han
- rhirc hien 4 chiic niing: dieu chinh, cung cap, san xuat va thong tin - Nhay cam vai phi dinh dirong, doc to vii phii sa
- Tuong tac song - bien dien ra a viing cua song
- Nucjc let, del man cao khi trieu len, do man thap khi trieu rut - Nai CO nguon gicing man, lo phong phii.
- Biii rong, do man khong cao, thirang xuyen bien doi DDSH cao, nhieu loai cua cat, cua vuong, cong, ciiy.
- Thuy vuc kin va nira kin, co roi cat chiin ngoai, cua dam pha di chn; cii vii dong mcj theo chu ky
- Nuac nggt, Ig, man theo mua.
- Cac tham co thuy sinh, co bien rgng ldn, niing suiit cao, nai uom nuoi nguon giong ciia cac loai thuy san.
- Du Iich sinh thai, diic biet quan sat biii chim vii chim di cu.
- Vinh nho
- Do man cao, kha on dinh quanh nam.
- Dc) trong ion
- Da dang sinh hgc cao.
- lie sinh thai nlian tao
- Kin trao doi nuac vai ben ngoai do con nguoi dicu khien.
- Da dang sinh hgc thap nhung sinh khoi doi tu'giig nuoi cao.
- Moi truong nu'O'c thuang giiiu dinh du'("ing.
- Ccic dao ven bcr quan trgng: Con Co, Cii Lao Cham, Ly Son, lion Mun, Phil Quy.
- Do man thuong cao, do trong Ion.
- Da dang sinh hgc cao, nhieu loiii Jiic hdu, ciic nhom san lio, co hien thucrng phat trien.
Hdi nghi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn qudc lan th&S - Hd Ngi, 2010 1061
VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KHOCN VIET NAM HOI DIA LY VIET NAM
2. Vima sinh thdi NDGM ndng am, khdng cd miia ddng lanh, nura Thu-Ddng keo tir deo Hai \'dn qua cdc tinh Da Ndng, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Djnh, Pbii Yen, Khdnh Hda. Nhiet 60 trung binh ndm tren 25°C, tdng nhiet 9000-9300"C/ nam. bien do nhid ndm 4-9^'C. lugng mua nam ldn kon 1500inm, ed dudi 4 thang khd.
3. Viina sinh thdi NDGM ndng khd, khdng cd miia ddng lanh, mua Fle-Thu chii ylu thugc 2 tinh Ninh Thuan va Binh Thudn. Tdng nhiet do nam Idn hon 9300"C, nhiet do trung binb nam tren 25°C, bien do nhiet nam nhd ban 4''C, lugng mua nam dudi
1500mm, cd 4-6 thdng khd.
DVST dugc phdn hda trong cdc viing sinh thai bdi cac dac diem hinh thdi dja hinh vdi cdc ddc trung be mat, do cao tuong ddi, vj tri phdn bd va nen vat chcdl vdi cdc ddc trung cip hat, do mai trdn, do ket dinh, hdm lugng thach anh va mau sac, tudi cac thdnh lao be mat. Tren Bdn do cdc DVST ty le 1/250.000 thi bien 45 DVST phan hod til 3 N'Liiia sinh thdi vira neu tren.
//////; 2. Trich dogn bdn do cdc DVST DCMT ty le 1: 250 000
Dae diem hien trang sir dung lanh thd, nhu rirng tir nhien (R); rung trong (Rt);
Ccdy bui, cd (Cb); dit chua sir dung (Csd); dcit canh tac (Ct); khu dan cu (Dc); dit chuydi dimg (Cd); ... dugc thi hidi tren bdn do bing cac ky hieu, day Id edc phu chi lieu bieu hidi chirc ndng sinh thai ciia Idnh thd. Bang chii giai dugc xay dung dudi dang bdng ma Iran (bdng 2).
1063
Hdi nghi Klioa hgc Dia ly Todn qud'c ldn th&5 - Hd Ndi, 2010
VIEN DIA LY - VIEN KHOCN VIET NAM HOi DIA LY VIET NAT!
Bdng 2: Chu gidi bdn do cdc don vl sinh thai DCiMT
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Djnh hudng su dung hop ly cac DVST dai cat ven bien mien Trung
Viec dinh hudng su dung hgp ly Ccdc DVST dugc dua vdo sir phdn tich nhidng ddc dilm tu nhien dac thii, dac diem kinh te-xa hdi tirng khu vuc tren ndi cac DVST. tinh phii hgp ciia chimg ddi vdi cdc ngdnb vd md hinh kinh te lira chgn vdi quan diem phcdt Iriln bin virng. Bdng 3 trinh bay djnh hudng sir dicing hgp ly cac DVST.
Hdi nehi Khoa hgc Dia ly Todn cjudc ldn th&o • Ha Ndi. 2010 1063
VIEN BIA LY • VIEN KHOCN V I E T N A M HOI DIA LY VIET NAM
Bang 3. Djnh hu&ng sit dung cdc DVST ddi cdt mien Trung Dinh h u d n e su dung
Phdt trien du Iich, dich vu + Rirnu phdng ho Tring rirng phong ho Nuoi toni tren cat quy mo nho + trons rung Khu do thi + Rung phong ho
Nong lam ket hgp Lam nong ket hgp Khu cong nghiep + Rdne phons; ho
Nong lam ngu
Do'n vi sinh thai
1,3.4,5, 9, 13, 14, 19, 21, 23, 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 5 , 3 6 , 3 7 , 4 2 , 4 3 , 4 4 . 4 5 2,1, 9,10,11,12,13, 22, 23, 24, 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 4
3, 14,37 18,37
6,7, 3, 15, 16, 17, 20, 25, 26, 2 7 , 2 8 , 2 9 , 3 0 , 3 7 , 3 8 , 3 9 , 4 0 , 4 1 8, 3,21, 32, 33, 34, 42, 43, 44, 45
14, 15, 1 6 , 2 6 , 2 7 , 2 9 , 3 0 14,3,37,
Ghi chii
Nghi dirong, du ljch sinh tliij^
tam bien...
Dam bdo do che phu
Phu thugc kha nang cung cip nude nggt.
Danh ty le thich dang cho dien tichcay xanh
Lua, mau, cay cdng nghiep, cay dac sdn
Trong rung, cay cong Nghiep. chan nudi nhd Luu y van de xu ly chat thai Ket hgp danh bat va nudi trin.n
KET LUAN
Ban dd cdc DVST ddi cat mien Trung ty le 1/250.000 gdm ba vimg sinh thai, 45 DVST dugc thdnh lap tren co sd giai doan edc anh ve tinb Landsat chijp edc nam 2003- 2004; phdn tich, tich hgp Ccdc ldp thdng tin tii' CSDL bang HTTDL va ket hgp khdo sdt thuc dja. Bdn dd the hien cau triic va phan hod khdng gian cua lanh thd vdi cdc ddc trung sinh thdi Idm co' sd cho viec danh gid, de xuat edc md binh su dicing va xay dung cac gidi phdp tdng the sir di,ing hgp ly DCMT. Tren ban dd ddng thdi cung the hien cdc HST lien ke cd anh hudng va lien quan true tiep vdi cae dai cat tao buc tranh todn cue de cd the nhin nhan vimg cat trong cac mdi quan he hinh thanh va phat trien.
Thdng qua viec danh gia cac DVST, de tai da de xuat mdt sd md binh sir diing hgp ly cdc he sinh thdi tren cac dai cat ciia vimg, ddng thai kien nghj cac md hinh sir dijng hgp ly dai eat ven bien, trong dd de tai khuyen nghj khdng lien hdnh nudi Idm tren cdt lap trung, quy md l&n v&i dien tich ao nudi ldn hon 50ha, khuyen khich phat trien cdc md hinh du Ijch-djch vu, xay dung cac khu ehl xuit, KCN va trdng rung phdng hd.
TAI L I E U
THAM KHAO
1. Nguyen Tien Hai, Nguyin Van Bach, vd nnk, (1997). Vai net vl vin dl phan loai cae thanh tao cat dai ven bien mien Trung. Cac cdng trinh nghien ciru DC va Dja Vat ly biln, tap 111. NXB KH&KT.
2. P h a n L i e u , ( 1 9 8 1 ) , D i t c a t b i l n V i e t N a m . N X B K H K T , H a N g i .
3. Neil S. L., Sanjjevi S. and Mike B. (2002), "Sub-pixel habitat mapping of a coastal dune ecosystem", Appilied Geography, No. 22, pp 253-270.
4. Olaf Bastian and Uta Steinhardt (2002), "Development and Perspectives of Landscape Ecology".
5. Tran Van y, Lai VTnh Cim va nnk, 2005; Nghien cii'u xay dung giai phap tdng the su dung hgp ly Ccdc DCMT tii' Qudng Binh den Binh Thuan, bao cdo tdng kit detdi ma sdKC.08-21.
1064 Hdi nghi KJioa hgc Dia ly Todn qud'c ldn th&S - Ha Ndi, 2010
