Thdng tin khoa hoc cong nghS m o
MOT SO GIAI PHAP CONG NGHE CO GIOTl HOA HOP LY CHO CAc Xl/dNG TUYEN QUANG SAT GOC QUY MO NHO
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For increasing the productivity and decreasing the cost price in the iron ore separation and processing links at the small mines in the North of Vietnam, it is necessary to select the proper synchronous separation equipment and technology, the mechanization technology for each link suitable to each mine. Especially, it is necessary to pay attention to the mechanization in the crude ore breaking link and in the ore concentrate drainage link for increasing the labor productivity and minimizing the environmental pollution
KS. NGUYEN QUANG HA ThS. NGUYEN VAN MINH KS. NGUYEN HUY HONG Vidn Khoa hpc Cdng nghi Md - Vinacomin
D^t van di
Theo cdc tdi ligu dja chit, ting trd lugng qugng s i t d Viet Nam CO khoang hon 1,2 ty t i n tgi hon 300 mo, d i l m quang da dugc phdt hi$n. Ngodi mot s l mo nhu Thgeh Kh^, Quy Xa, Na Rya, Tien Bo v.v... co trd lugng Idn, cac mo, d i l m qugng s i t con Igi d i u co qui mo vua vd nho, tgp trung chu y l u d eac tinh phia bae Vigt Nam. De khai thdc, c h i biln, tgn thu tdi nguyen, giam gid thdnh san xuat, eac xudng tuyIn qugng s i t tgi cac mo trdn can phai co cdng ngh$
phiJ hgp va mue dO co* gidi hoa hgp ly-. Sau day la k i t qua nghien edu ddnh gia hign trgng cong nghg c h i biln qugng sat vd d l x u l t eg gidi hod hgp ly mpt s l khdu trong ddy ehuyen tuyIn qugng sat g l c tgi ede mo qui mo nho d edc tinh phia bae Vigt Nam.
1. Hign trang cong nghe tuyIn vd mdc dg cc gidi hoa tgi cdc xudng tuyIn quang sat gdc qui mo nho phia bdc Vi^t Nam.
Qua khao sat thy-c t l , du'a theo cong nghg tuyIn vd mue dp eg gidi hoa eua day ehuyin
tuyIn qugng, cde mo quang sat g l e qui m6 nho phia bae Vigt Nam chia ra 3 logi:
1.1. Cac mo khong co day chuyen tuyen: Tai cdc cde mo nho CO tru lugng thip, qui mo khai thae nho, nam d cdc vung sdu xa nhu mo Lang Ddn (Hd Giang), mo Nd Gang (Cao Bang) v.v... quang khai nguyen khai sau khai thdc dugc chpn thu cfing ngay tgi khai trudng thu h i i tinh qudng dgt hdm lugng Fe yeu elu, sau khi dgp xuIng -100mm duge tieu thu tryc tilp. So d l c6ng ngh$ c h i biln qugng sat mo Ldng Ddn the hi^n tren hinh 1.
Thanh phin khoang vgt qugng sat mo Lang Ddn chu y l u Id magnetit va limonit co
hdm lugng Fe trung binh 58%.
Mo Lang Ddn do Cong ty Song Lo khai thdc t u nam 2007.
Quang nguydn khai duge chon Ipe thu edng tr^n khai trudng, qua may dap ham, ed hgt giam xuong dudi 100mm, d l ding dem di tidu thu. Nang suit mo phg thupc vao nhu c l u thj trudng nhung chi den 10.000 tan/nam. Tinh qudng thu dugc CO hdni'lugng Fe >60%. Chf thu h i i qugng cap hgt tho ddn d i n mit mat tdi nguyen trong cap hgt mjn, thu-c thu dgt khoang 65% - 70%.
1.2. Cac md co day chuyen tuyen quang do'n gian, jan thu cong: Tgi edc mo khai thdc, tuyIn quang vdi qui mo c6ng suit vai chgc Qudng nguyen khai
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Nhdt tay, sang, chon thO cong
Ddt dd thai, qudng mjn
Tinh qudng
Hinh 1. So dd hiin trang cdng nghi chi biin quing sit md Ling Bin KHCNM S 6 9/2013* CN TUVfiN CHE BI^N THAN - KHOANG SAN
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo
ngdn t i n tinh qudng/ndm nhu md PLI 6 (Bae Kpn), md Boong Quang (Cao Bdng) vv..., qupng nguyen khai Quae dua vdo day chuyin tuyIn vpi edng nghp dpn gian bdn CP gidi thu hdi tinh qudng sat. TT le thue thu tinh quang sat khdng eao ehi dat 65% - 70%, do quang sat ed tir tinh y l u vd khdng tir bj t i n t h i t theo quang dudi.
Md PLI 6 do Cdng ty CP Khodng san Na Ri - Hamico dupe c i p phep khai thae nam 2008 tren didn tieh 20ha va di vde hoat ddng vdi cdng s u i t 50.000 tan tinh qupng/nam.
Khodng vdt chii y l u Id mag- netit, hematit, pirit. Hdm lupng Fe treng qudng nguyen khai:
25,51% - 51,67%. Tinh quang sau tuyIn dpt 58- 60% Fe, thue thu dat 70%, ham lupng Fe treng qudng dudi 12%-18%. So dd edng nghp c h i biln qupng sat mo Pii 6 the hipn tren hinh 2.
1.3. Cic md cd diy chuyen tuyin quing tuvmg doi hiin d^i, mOv do CO/ giai hda tuvmg doi cao: Cde md ed tru lupng qupng sat tupng d i i ldn, CP xudng tuyIn qupng tdp trung, ehu y l u Id ede md mdi d i u t u xdy dpng tir nam 2010 trp lpi ddy bae g i m : md Tdng Bd (Hd Giang), Ban Cudn (Bae Kpn), Au Ldu (Yen Bdi) .v.v...
Tpi cdc md ndy, qudng sat sau khai thdc dupe qua cdc khdu ddp, nghien, tuyen thu hoi tinh qupng. Dpc bipt trpng khdu tuyIn da ed dp dyng cdng nghe tuyIn tCr cudng dp tir trudng eac vd tuyen trpng lue d l tdn thu tinh qupng sat ed tir tinh y l u vd khdng tir tinh.
Xudng tuyIn qupng sat Tdng Bd (Hd Giang) dupe xdy
dung vd dua vap vdn hdnh san x u l t tir nam 2011, cdng s u i t eiia xudng dupe thilt k l 600.000 t i n quang nguydn khai/ndm. Cae l<hoang vat ehu y l u trong qupng Id hematit, magnetit, ham lupng Fe trung binh 30,54% - 40,75%. Tinh quang chung sau tuyen cd ham
Quang nguydn khai M ^ dap ham PE600x900
1
SSng rung a=20nini
lupng Fe 62% - 64%, thue thu dpt 85% - 89%, hdm lupng Fe trong qudng dudi 12% - 14%.
S P d i cdng nghd xudng tuyIn t h i hipn tren hinh 3.
Sa dd cdng nghd xudng tuyIn qupng s i t tpi md Tdng Bd Id tupng d l l d i l n hinh hi#n dpi, CP gidi hpa d i n g bp, edng
May dap ham PE250x650
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Sdng rung a=Smm
Tuyen tif 2 cap Tuyen tCf kh6
I 1
Bap bCia Ba thilii
May nghien bi j a ^ i m
T u ^ l n t C r ^ l ^
Tinh quang QuSng du6i
Hinh 2. Sa dd hiin trang cdng nghi xir6ng tuyin quing sit md PO Q
BS \ing tinh quang H6 cliQa quSng dudi Hinh 3. So dd hiin trang cdng nghi xud'ng tuyin quing sit Tdng Bi KHCNM S 6 9/2013* CN TUVfeN CHE BI^N THAN - KHOANG SAN
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe md
Hinh 4. BSi tmh quing xudng tuyin quing sit gdc md Kip Tudc
suit tuong ddi cap, thyc thu cae, hpn c h i d nhiem mdi trudng.
Tdm Ipi, ddc dilm hipn trpng cdng tdc tuyin qupng sat tai cdc me d phia bae Vidt Nam nhu sau:
Tpi cdc mc nhd ed tru' lupng den vdi trdm nghin t i n , cdng tdc tuyin qupng chua dupe quan tdm d i u t u , cdng nghp thd so Ipc hdu. Chu y l u la ehpn nhpt thu cdng, chit lupng tinh qudng khdng I n djnh, gay t i n thit tdi nguydn vd d nhiim mdi trudng.
- Tai cdc md cd qui md cdng suit trdn 100 nghin t i n tinh qudng/ndm, dd d i u tu xdy dung ddy chuyin thilt bj cdng nghp tuyin qupng sat tuong d i i ddng bd, mire dd CP gidi hda tuong d i i cap. Chit lupng, thuc thu tinh qudng dd dupe ndng cap vd I n djnh. V i n d l d nhiim mdi trudng da dupe hpn chi.
- Nguydn nhdn ddn d i n tinh trpng chit lupng tinh qudng khdng I n djnh vd t i n thit tdi nguyen trpng khdu tuyin qudng s i t tpi edc md nhd Id do vide
lua ehpn thilt bj d i n g bp ep gidi hod trong vide xCi ly ddp nghien hpt qua cd, d p lidu, cdng nghp tpn thu qupng ttr tinh y l u vd xir ly khir nudc tinh qudng khdng hpp ly dan d i n phai si> dgng lao ddng thu cdng, gidn dopn. TCr dd da gdy ra thuc thu thip, gid thdnh sdn xult cao.
Hinh 5 Su dung lao ddng thu cdng trong cdng doan dp iiiu tai diy chuyin tuyin quing sit gdc
md Ni LOng
suat, ha gia thdnh vd tdn thu tdi nguyen, coQg nghd tuyin c h i biln tpi cdd. md trdn c i n phai dupe dp dur;g cdc giai phap ky thudt sau: ^^
- B l tri Jay dyng kho bai chira qudng trung gian: Vdi doi tupng qudng s i t gle, ein phdn chia ddy chuyin tuyin ra khdu chuin bj khodng san vd khdu D l giai quylt cdc v i n d l nghiin - tuyin. Giua 2 khdu, b l trdn, c i n thilt tiln hdnh nghidn tri bunke hode bai qupng trung ciru lua ehpn edc giai phap
cdng nghp co gidi hed, cdc so d l edng nghp tuyin qupng sat hpp ly cho cdc md quang sat qui md nhd phia bie Vipt Nam nham ndng cao ndng suit, tdn thu tdi nguyen, ha gid thdnh san phim va giam thilu d nhiem mdi trudng.
2. Nghien CIPU d l x u l t s c dd cdng ngh$ c a gidn hod cho mpt sd xudng tuyen qudng sdt gdc t^i cdc md qu|ng sdt qui md nhd phia bdc Vift Nam TCr kit qua nghien ciru khao sat hidn trpng edc xudng tuyin qudng gdc tpi ede md s i t qui md nhd phia bie Vidt Nam, d l dpt dupe mge tidu ndng cao ndng
gian d l thudn tipn trong qua trinh san xult, hpn c h i anh hupng ciia cdng tdc sira chCra vd bae dudng thilt bj khdu chuin bj khodng san d i n vdn hdnh khdu nghien - tuyen vd ngupc lpi.
- Khdu chuin bj khodng san cd nhidm vg ddp qudng nguyen khai sau khai thae d i n cd hpt -15(25)mm. Trong khdu nay e i n lua chpn cdc thilt bj mdy dpp ham thd k i t hpp vdi cym sdng phdn lopi vd ddp nhd khep kin. Hd s l dpp thudng chpn i = 4 la phii hpp.
- Khdu nghiin - tuyin ed nhidm vg nghiin giai phdng qudng s i t tir cdc k i t hpch trong
KHCNM S 6 9/2013* CN TUYtN CHfc B l t N THAN - KHOANG SAN
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Thong tin khoa hoc cong ngh$ nnd
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Quang nguyftn khai
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Hinh 6. So dd nguyin ty cdng nghd tuyin quing sit gdc qudng dau. Dp mjn cua qupng
sau nghiin phg thupc vdp dp xam nhiim ciia qudng d i u , thdng thudng, chpn 40 - 60%
eip -0,074mm. So d l cdng nghp tuyen qupng s i t phg thudc vdo tinh kha tgyin cOa qudng.
Thdng thudng chpn sa d l : + Qupng sau nghiin -Tuyen tir cudng dp tir trudng t h i p - Tuyin tir cudng dd tCr trudng eae - Tuyin trong luc - Khir nudc - Tinh qupng sit.
+ Qupng sau n g h i i n Tuyin tCr eudng dp tir trudng t h i p - T u y i n trpng lye - Khii' nudc - Tinh qupng sit.
So d l t i n g qudt cdng nghp eho day chuyin tuyin qudng
Bing 1. Thdng sd ky thuit mdt sd miy dp lidu rung didn tir Kieu
GZ1 GZ2 GZ3 GZ4 GZ5
Ning suit mid')
5 10 25 50 100
Dmax (mm) 50 60 70 100 160
Cdng suit (w) 60 150 200 450 650
Bien dd rung (mm)
1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
Trpng tm/mg (kg)
75 155 225 460 656 s i t gdc t h i hipn trdn hinh 6.
Tir thuc t l t i n tpi tpi cdc xudng tuyin qupng sat gee qui md nho dang liopt dpng a phia bae Vipt Nam, qua trinh nghien eii'u da dua ra mdt s l de xult
^ n h hudng lua ehpn thilt bj d l ca gidi hda, xii' \j deh t i e chinh tpi cdc edng depn ehQ y l u treng
edng nghp tuyin nhu sau:
- Cdng doan cip ii$u:
+ d p lipu qupng nguydn khai: Vdi ddy chuyin cd ndng s u i t nhd, cd hpt qudng
<350mm, sir dgng bunke d p lidu qudng nguydn khai ed mdy d p lidu lac d l d p d i u qudng vdo thilt bj dpp thd. Vdi ddy
KHCNM S 6 9/2013' CN TUYEN CHE BIEN THAN - KHOANG SAN
Thdng tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
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Bing 2. Thdng sd kf thit chd yiu mdt si miy dip him Kieu
PE160x250 PE260X400 PE400K600 PE600«750 PE600«900
KT cCra nap lieu (mm)
150«2S0 260«400 400x600 500x760 600x900
Dmax (mm) 125 210 340 425 600
Nang suit (tigilr)
1-5 6-20 26-66 45-80 70-150
Cdng suat (kw)
56 15 30 55 56-76
Kich thuoc bao (mm) 876x768x860 1450x1315x1296 1565x1732x1586 1892x2054x1853 2520x1840x2303
Trgng iircmg (t) 0.81
28 6.6 10.1 155 chuydn co nSng suat lo-n hen
SOt/gio' va c& hgt qu|ing dau vao >350mm c6 the lu-a chpn may cap li$u xich hoge cap lipu rung tam {may c^p ii$u rung t4m CO the co chtjc nang s^ng phsin logi khi tam rung du-ai co dgng khe sdng, mge dich la giam tai cho may d i p 6 cong dogn tilp theo).
+ d p lipu qugng trung gian 0-15(25)mm ndn chpn m^y d p lipu lac hoge cSp lipu njng dipn tix c6 bien dp rung nho, nhu c l u dipn nang thSp, bao du'dng l i p dgt thugn tipn.
- C6ng doan dap:
+ Do khai thac lp thien nen trong qugng nguydn khai ton tgi mpt so hgt qua co, kich thu-dc lo'n. Thong thu-ong, tgi cac mo nhd Ccic hgt qua co du'p'c xO ly bang p h i Qi thu cong.
-*- Qugng trong khau chuSn bj khoang san du-p-c xi> ly bang m^y d|p h^m. May dgp ham co c l u tgo v^ nguyen ly l^m vipe don gian, gia thdnh thip, bao du-ong, v$ sinh va su-a chOa thu^n ti$n nen du'p'c ap dgng rSt ph6 biln trong cong dogn dgp thd vd trung. Hp s6 dgp dao d$ng i=4-5. Thilt bj mdy dgp hdm dung cho co' gidi khdu dgp thd vd trung tgi cac mo nho thu'dng du'p'c chpn nhu' trong bang 2:
- Cdng doan khi> mr&c tinh quang:
+ D6i vol cdc xu-ang tuyen CO qui mo cdng suit nho: Tinh qugng sat co ty trpng 4,8-5,2 tan/m^, toe dp lang dpng nhanh ndn v6i cdc xu-ang tuyen qugng co qui mo nho cdng suit nhd ndn dp dgng giai phdp kht/
nu'dc tinh qugng bang b l lang du'p'c xdy dg-ng bang dd hpc hoge bd tdng k i t hp'p vdi kho qugng co mai che phoi khd Idm rdo nu'dc. Be lang gom it nhit 2 ngan ehCi'a qudng vd 1 ngan thu hoi nu'dc tuan hoan d p Igi day chuyin. Tinh qugng sau khi du'p'c thao khd rao nu'dc dup'c bic XLJc djnh ky bang cac thilt bj CO gid! du'a ve kho chipa.
+ Ooi vdi cac xu'ong tuyen qui mo cong suit Idn va tinh qugng c6 cd hgt mjn, ngodi phu-ong phdp dung be lang cho tni'dng hp'p co du dipn tich kho bai chu'a cd t h i dCing phuong phdp khac nhu may Ipc chan khdng hoge may Ipc g i m de ndng cao hon nang suat va giam dp I m tinh qugng. Tuy nhien giai phdp nay can luu ^ d i n chi phi dau t u va chi phi san xult do cdc thilt bj vd phu tCing cua may Ipc d i u phai nhgp t u nudc ngoai.
K4tlu$n
Dk ndng cao nang suit,
giam gid thdnh trong tuyin c h i biln qudng sat tgi cdc mo nho phia bae Vidt Nam, d n thilt tiln hanh ii^a chpn sc do cdng nghp thilt bj tuyin dong bp hp'p ly, cdng nghp co gidi hoa tCrng khdu cho phu hp'p vdi tung mo.
Dgc bipt, d n quan tdm cdng tdc CO' gidi hod khau dgp qugng thd, khau xu 1;^ Idm rdo nudc tinh qugng nham nang cao ndng suit lao dpng, giam thilu d nhiim mdi tnjdng.
Trong so do cong nghp tuyen, d n dua dp dgng khdu tuyen trpng Ig'c (kit hp'p vdi tuyin ti> trudng dp t u trudng cao n l u dam bao hi$u qua kinh t l ) nham tgn thu t i i da tdi nguydn hg gia thanh san xuat vd giam thieu d nhidm mdi tnjdng./.
Tai li$u tham khao:
1. D I tdi "Nghien cOv cdng ngh$ tuyen tin thu quang sat cSp h^t nho vi min trong bdn thai ciJa cic xiKmg tuySn quing sat o cic mo Sin Quyen, Na Lung" Vipn Khoa hoc Cong nghp Mo - TKV 2008.
2. Bao cdo "Nghien cCni tinh kha tuyen quang sat mo sit Kip Twoc". Vipn Khoa hpc Cdng nghp Mo-TKV2009.
3. Bdo cao "Nghien cOv tinh kha tuySn quang sat mo sit Na Lung"Vi$n Khoa hpc Cdng nghp Mo-TKV2008.
KHCNM S 6 9/2013* CN TUY^N CHt BIEN THAN - KHOANG SAN