PHAT HUY DAC TINH - GIA TRI TRUYEN THONG CON NGUCJI MIEN TRUNG TRONG BOI CANH HIEN NAY:
CACH TIEP CAN VA GIAI PHAP
LUONG DINH HAI'
Tit khda: gid tri, gid tri tniyen thong, gido due gid trt truyen thdng, eon ngudi mien Trung, phdt trien con nguai.
Ngdy nhdn bdt: 16/12/2019: ngdy giri phan bien: 17/12/2019: ngdy duyft dang bdi:
10/02/2020
Bin ve die tinh - gia trj truyen thdng eon ngudi Viet Nam ndi chung, con ngudi mien Trung ndi rieng la van de rat phtic tgp, da va dang tiep tyc cd nhiiu y kiin kbac nhau, thgm chi trii ngupc nhau. Tir cich diy vii the ki, vin di vi cac die tinh, phim chat, gia tri eon ngudi Vigt Nam, gia trj truyen thdng qudc gia ndi chung va gii ttj truyin thdng khu vyc ndi rieng da dupe dat ra, dupc cic nhi hpgt dpng chinh trj, hogt dpng xa hdi, cic nhi quin li, gidi fri thuc va ca dan thucmg, ngudi frong nude vi ngudi ngogi qude den Viet Nam hoac ed giao du vdi ngudi Vigt Nam, deu di ed nhttng y kien khae nhau. Cho den nay, qua nhieu giai dogn, liic tranh lugn sdi ndi, luc tram ling suy tu, lite nhan manh nhieu vao mit tdt, nhiing die tinh tich cyc, phim chit hay; liic lgi uu tu tfliieu ve nhung mit yiu, thieu, kem trong con ngudi, vin hda Vigt Nam ndi chung, cac dja phuang ndi rieng, nhung nhiing van de dd van chua dupc giii quyet, chua nhan duge sy ddng thugn rpng rai.
Di phit huy cac die tinh - gii trj truyen thdng thi can phai nghien ciiu, xie djnh rd, dung, thich hpp cac die tinh tdt dep, cic phim chat, hg gii trj truyen flidng ciia con ngudi Viet Nam ndi chung, cua mien Trung ndi rieng. Trong bdi cinh mdi hign nay, viec dd lgi ddi hdi phii sii dung tdng hpp, ddng bp cac cich tiep egn khae nhau mai cd thi xie djnh dupc cic die tinh - gia tri truyen thdng va tim ra giii phap thich hgp di phat huy eic die tinh - gii frj do'. Cdch tiep cdn thie nhdt li tiep egn dya fren cic li Uiuyit mdi cua thi gidi ve con ngudi, ve gia trj va
' PGS. TSKH.; Vi^n Nghien ciru Con ngudi, Vi?n Han lam Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam.
' Trong cac tai li?u viet ve cac d§c tinh, tinh each, pham chit, gia trj cua con ngucri Vi?t Nam noi chung, cua ngudi mign Trung noi rieng, thi cac tac gia thudng sir dung mpt ho$c hai each tiep c§n dpc l9p nhau. Chung toi cho ring dieu do lam cho cac nhan djnh, danh gia giam di sire thuyet phlic va tinh ddng din.
Nghiin cdu Con ngudi sd 1(106) 2020 43
Lirang Dinh Hdi
gii tri con ngudi, gii tri vin hda, gii tti din tpc. Tit nhien, vige tiip Uiu phai cd chpn lpc di su dyng nhung nguyen tic. lugn diim, li thuyit cd gia tti. phii hgp v<ii xu tiie phit ttien. tien bg ctia nhin logi. Cic phim chit, cic die tinh tich cyc, cac gii ttj truyen thdng, du cua din tdc nao, cflng khdng thi tich rdi, xa Ig, thi" "lich vdi cic gii trj chung toin nhan loai. Viee tiip thu ed chgn Igc eic phim chit, die tinh tich cyc, cic gii trj cua the gidi, ttong bdi cinh mdi, phii tten ca sd lgp trucmg vi lpi ich qudc gia, din tdc, duy vit bien chimg va khoa hpc. Diy 1^ ddi hdi ed tinh tien de tien quyet, li nguyen tic chung, khdng chi ddi vdi mien Tnmg ma vdi mpi dja phuang, khu vyc va toan qudc gia, din tpc.
Cdch tiep cdn thir hai trong viec xae djnh cac die tinh - gii ttj truyen thdng va giai phip phit huy gia trj truyen thdng eon ngudi Vigt Nam li ket hpp ca each tiep can truyen thdng cua nude ta vdi cich tiep cin cua Lien \iqp qudc m i cy the la cua Chuang trinh phat triin Lien hpp qudc (UNDP) ve phit triin con ngudi.
Cich tiep can truyen thdng li cich tiep can xae djnh gii trj con ngudi theo nhflng die tinh, pham chit dupc "tinh luyen", "ttam tieh", ben vUng, die trtmg rieng cho eon ngudi d cic qudc gia, vung mien khic nhau, do diiu kign ty nhien vi ljch sit vin hda tgo nen. Cich tiep can niy li cich tiep can djnh tinh. Bing cich tiep egn nay, Nghj quyet Hgi nghj TW Ian thir 5 khda VIII, nim 1998 ciia Dang Cgng sin Viet Nam da xae djnh 5 die tinh con ngudi Viet Nam can dupc xay dyng, Cling cd the duge hieu li 5 pham chat, hoic gii tri truyen thdng eiia con ngudi Vigt Nam, cin tiep tye dupc phit huy vi nang len tim cao mdi de dip irng cic yeu cau vi nhigm vy cua giai dogn mdi. Tinh than dd ciing duge thi hign trong Nghj quyet Hdi nghj TW lin thu 9, khda XI, nam 2014 vi xay dyng vi phit trien vin hda, con ngudi Viet Nam dap img yeu cau phit triin bin vihig dit nude. Cdn cich tiep can ciia UNDP li eich tiip can djnh Iupng, vdi nhihig tieu chi ve mit djnh luting cy the, tip ttnng thi hien xie dinh phim ehit djnh luang.
Bing cich tiep can djnh lugng, khdng chi ed chi sd phit trien con ngudi, m i cac chi sd khic da xuat hien. Chung do ludng djnh lupng cac mit khic nhau ciia sy phat ttien eon ngudi vi cic gii trj con ngudi, nhu chi sd ngheo da chiiu, ehi sd bat buih ding gidi, chi sd hgnh phuc,... Vi vgy, cich tiep can niy cung khdng ddi lap, miu thuan hay loai trir cieh tiep can djnh tinh, ma la mdt bo stmg quan trpng, cin Uiiet de cd the xie djnh rd ban cac die tmh tich eye, phim chat, cic gii trj vi gii tri ttuyen thdng con ngucri Viet Nam ndi chung, con ngudi mien Trung ndi rieng, trdn CO sd dd Um ra cic giii phap phat huy cie gia ttj dd.
Cdch liep cdn thir bg li each tiep can xuat phat tir bdi cinh quoc ti. Trone thdi dgi ngay nay, bdi cinh qudc te la dieu kign, tiin de cho sy phat triin rit nhiiu mit ciia qudc gia cung nhu cua mdi tinh, thanh cua nude ta. Sy tic dgng 44 Nghiin Cliu Con ngue» s61(106) 2020
Phdt huy ddc tinh - eid tri Iruven Ihdne..
inh hudng cua bdi canh qudc te, ttong ljch su, chua bao gid to liim, sau rdng va khd ludng nhu hien nay. Trong cae xu hudng ldn cua the giiji duong dgi thi kmh ti flij tnrcmg d giai dogn phit trien mdi, each mgng khoa bgc - edng nghg, toan ciu hda, hgi nhgp qudc te, trong do cd intemet, cac cdng nghg sd, mgng xi hgi, cic fliiit bj thdng minh, tri tag nhan tao, cdng nghg ket ndi, cdng nghe sinh bgc,...
dang vi s6 cd nhiing tic dgng rit ldn den cic die tinh, phim chit, gii trj vi viec phit huy cic gii trj truyin thdng con ngudi Viet Nam ndi ehung v i miin Trung ndi rieng. Neu trude day, mdt qudc gia, mpt tinh cd the dpc lip tich bigt vdi ben ngoai, khdng Ig thupc hoan toin vdi ben ngoii vin cd the phit triin nhanh, mgnh, thi hign nay tinh hinh hoan toan khic. Cam van da trd thinh ddn trimg phat ding sp nhit vi cd tic dpng to Itin ddi vdi ddi sdng xi hdi, ci nhan cOng nhu sy phit trien cua qudc gia, khu vye. Ngugc lai, hdi nhip md ra nhihig ca hpi mi trudc day khdng thi cd, thiie day sy phit frien manh me, siu rdng, nhanh ehdng, bing vige giii phdng va khoi day siie mgnh khdng Id cua cic gii frj truyin thdng con ngudi va qudc gia, khu vyc. Cic qudc gia gin vdi Viet Nam nhu Nhat Bin, Singapore, Han Qudc di rat thinh cdng trong viec nay. Cac die tinh - gii trj truyen thdng dan tdc, ciing nhu cac die tinh - gia trj truyen thdng cpn ngudi mien Trung dang chju tic dgng nhieu chieu cua bdi canh qudc te vdi nhiing ndi dung phong phii, da dang. Viec phat huy cic die tinh - gii trj dd cung dang bj chi phdi bdi nhieu phuang thiic va nhieu yeu td mgnh, yeu khic nhau. Khdng luu y den dieu nay se khdng nhgn thirc day du, dung, trung dupe nhieu hien tupng mdi, lien quan den cac die tinh. phim chat, gii trj truyen thdng vi viec phit huy cic gii trj truyen tiidng trong giai doan hien nay.
Cdch tiep egn thii tu Ii cich tiep can tten bdi cinh true tiep ve ljch sir, kinh te, vin hda, xa hgi, ehinh trj cila con ngucri mien Trung. Day li cich tiep can ma mpt sd tic gia thudng gpi la each tiep can lich sir - vin hda - xa hdi. Con ngudi mien Trung vdi nhttng die tinh, pham chat, gia ttj ciia nd khdng the sinh ra tir hu vd ma ludn cd khdng gian dja li, ljch sti, cd mdi trudng vin hda, xa hdi vi chinh trj xie djnh. Con ngudi mien Trtmg sinh ra, sinh tdn vi phat trien gin lien vdi ljch su mpi mit cua dan tge Viet Nam, gdp phin lim nen lich sii din tdc va tgo ra he gii trj din tge hign nay. Mgi bien dpng ve cie mat khic nhau ciia dan tge deu inh hudng den con ngudi, gii tri truyen flidng con ngudi mien Trung vi chinh con ngudi mien Tnmg cung di gdp phan tao nen cic gii trj truyen flidng con ngucri Viet Nam. De hiiu cic gia tri truyin thdng con ngudi mien Trung va de phat huy cic gii ttj ay can phai quan ttiet each tiip can bdi eanh dit nude di sin sinh ra cae gii hi eon ngudi mien Trung qua cic flidi dgi ljch su kbac nhau. Day ciing la bdi cinh
Nghiin cdu Con ngudi sd 1(106) 2020 45
Luang Dinh Hdi
mpi mat cua dan tdc ttong qui uinh lich sit, li nin ting, diiu kign va li mdi trucmg ttuc tiep tgo nen gii tri ttnyen thdng con ngudi miin Trung. Toin bp boi cinh uyc tiep ay in dam diu an khdng the xda md vio cie tinh eich, phim ehit, cic gia trj ttTiyen Uidng cua con ngudi miin Trung, khiin cho chit Vigt trong eon ngudi midn Trung khdng the vi khdng bao gid md nhat duge.
Cdch tiep cdn thu ndm li eieh tiep can tu khia egnh dia phuang, viing, mien, cy the. Dd li tiep can tu die diem rieng, die thii, rieng ed cua vung dit mien Trung dja linh nhan kiet, lim vua, nhieu chua. Tinh die thii dja phuang ve dia li, kinh te, vin hda, xa hdi, chinh tti, lich sit Ii dieu kien trye tiep hinh thinh nen tinh cich, die diem, phim chat va gii ttj truyen thdng ciia con ngudi mien Trung.
Cic yeu td, dieu kien khae tu qudc te den qudc gia cd thi phit huy tic dyng thdng qua dieu kign dja phuang. Khie vdi cic dja phucmg khie, tinh die thil mien Trung rit ndi bit trong sudt chieu dii lich sir dan tpc ta, ddng gdp tieh eye tren nhieu phuong dien, bing nhieu ngudn lye khie nhau ciia minh cho sy phit trien dit nude, trong do cd ngudn lye die tinh, pham chit, gia trj. Chinh vi vgy, viec xae djnh tinh dac thu trong cic die tinh - gii tri truyen thdng con ngudi mien Trung li diem then chdt de cd dupe giii phip phit huy gii trj ttuyen thdng dd. Nhic den cic die tinh - gii tri truyen thdng cita eon ngudi mien Trung cung phai nhic den ca nhimg die tinh - gii ttj chung eua dan tpc nhung dupc bieu bi^n die thil mien Trung trong lieh sit vi hien nay thi mdi day dii. Hai khia canh niy ttong cieh hieu gii ttj truyen thdng ein duge quan triet nhu l i mgt each tiip can quan trgng de nhgn thuc vi phit huy cac gii trj truyen thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung trong giai dogn hign nay.
Cdch tiep can thii idu li tiep can dya tren yeu cau phit trien ciia thdi dgi, cua dan tpc va cua chinh miin Trung. Day li each tiip can nhat thiet phii sii dyng mdi cd the danh gii ditng vj tri, vai ttd, npi dung, y nghta cua cac die tinh, die diem, pham chat vi cac gii tri truyen thdng eon ngudi miin Trung. Sir dyng each tiep can nay cflng se ddng gdp tich eye eho viee bd sung, hoin thien, phit huy kjp thdi cic phim chit, cac gii tri truyen thdng trong bdi cinh, tinh hinh mdi ciia dja phucmg, dat nude vi qude te. Cac phim chit, cic gii tri khdng phai li bit biin, mi ludn bien ddi, ludn duge "chung eat", "chit Igc", bd sung, "chinh sira" do chinh nhiing yeu ciu phit frien hien thuc cua giai dogn hign nay. Phii thiy rd vi quan trigt cich tiep can nay Uii miM cd flie phat huy dupc cic phim chat, gia tri dimg hudng, phil hpp vdi xu Uie phit ttien vi mdi cd thi fliyc sy biin eic pham chit, gia trj truyen thdng thanh ngudn lye eho sy dn djnh vi phit trien cua dja phuang vi dit nude. Ddng thdi, quin trigt cich tiep can nay mdi cd the thay rd va tin dyne duge xu hudng van dpng cita ngi dung cic gia tq truyen thdng. Liy yeu ciu phit Nghiin ciiu Con ngudi s61(106) 2020
Phdt huy ddc linh - eid tri iruven Ihdne..
friin hign Uiye cua ddi sdng xa hdi lim cin eu de phit huy cic die tinh - gii trj ttuyin thdng li ddi hdi cua sy phit trien v i dd cung la tieu ehi dinh gii, tieu chuan de kiem tra tinh hieu qui cua viec phit huy cic gii tti truyen Uidng, ciing nhu djnh huimg su dyng cic gia trj do hieu qua tich cyc hon, thuc diy sy phit triin ciia con ngudi vi xi hpi. Yeu eiu ciia cdng nghiep hda, hien dgi hda, phit ttien kinh te thj trudng, hgi nhgp qude te, phit trien nhanh vi ben vimg, nit ngin khoang cich tut hau so vdi eie nude phat trien tren the gidi la yeu eiu cap thiet ciia ci din tge va mien Trung.
Hudng tiep can thir bdy li tiep can die tinh - gia trj. Trong thyc te hien nay, sy phin djnh gitta cic die tinli vi gii trj truyen thdng con ngudi mien Trung ndi rieng vi con nguoi Viet Nam ndi ehung chua rd rang. Mat khic, bin thin sy phan dinh nay cung chi mang tinh chat tuong ddi vi cd nhimg pham chit cua con ngucri mien Trung vua the hign la die tinh tich cyc vira the hign li gii trj. Tuy vgy, khi ndi den gii ttj li ehi ndi den nhiing die tinh tich cyc, cd tic dung thiic diy sy phat ttien, lam cho con ngudi hign tgi vi taong lai tdt ban, giup lim "be giim xdc", "gii dd",
"dgng CO", "djnh hudng" cho nhimg chuyen ddng cua xa hdi vi con ngudi hign tai vi tuong Iai (Luang Dinh Hai, 2011). Trong hien thyc, cd nhimg die tinh khdng thi xem la gia trj vi li die tinh xau, can dupc ggt bd, hoic nd li trung tinh, khdng cd tic dpng tich cue, nhung cung khdng can trd sy phat trien cua can ngudi vi xa hpi, cgng ddng. Can cii lao dpng la die tinh hay gia trj, hieu hge la die tinh hay gii ttj,... Day thuc su dang la van de It luan va thyc tiin chua cd Idi giii cy thi, rd rang. Vi vgy, viec tiep can die tinh - gia trj se giiip chiing ta loai bd duge eich nhin phiin dien, mgt chieu trong viec phit huy cac gia ttj truyen thdng. Khi de cap den viec phat huy cic die tinh - gii tri ttuyin thdng thi phii hieu la phit huy cac dgc tinh tdt dgp, phii hpp vdi xu the phat trien tien bd cua xa hdi vi con ngudi, gitt vai ttd dpng lyc thuc day sy phit trien ay, hoac cd vai trd gitt vimg su dn djnh xa hgi.
Duong nhien, ddi vdi cic die tinh xiu, tieu cyc tiii khdng tiie phat huy mi ngugc lgi phai loai bd hoic ban che tic ddng eua chiing.
Cdch tiip egn thir tdm li tiip can mdi trudng - yeu td tic ddng. Day li cieh tiip can tinh din eae anh hudng, ci tich cyc lin tieu cyc, cila mdi trudng vi cac yiu td khae, khdng ehi din cic die tinh, gia tri, mi ca viec phat huy cic die tinh, gii tri truyin thdng ciia eon ngudi Viet Nam ndi chung, mien Trung noi rieng, vua vdi tinh cich la tirng yeu td rieng re, vira vdi tinh each Ii tdng hda tat ei cic yeu td tao nen mdi trudng trong dd cic die tinh, cic gii trj truyen thdng dang tdn tai vi giy inh hudng. Mdi trudng d day khdng theo nghia hgp la mdi trudng tu nhien, mi li mdi tindng theo nghta rdng, bao ham ci mdi trudng xi hdi. Mdi ttirdng ddng vai trd rit die bigt trong viee duy tti, bao tdn, phit huy cac die tinh, eic gia frj. Nd cd thi kim him hoic phat huy mdt die tinh hoic mdt gii ttj nio
Nghiin cdu Con ngudi s61(106) 2020 ^~j
Luang Dinh Hdi
dd, nd cd tiii la haifli lang djnh hudng vi quyit djnh sy vin dpng cua cic die tinh va gia tti truyin thdng eua con ngudi Viet Nam ndi ehung va miin Trung ndi rieng. ttong hinh iang dd.
Nhttng each tiep can phan tieh d tten phai duge su dyng ddng thdi, nhit quin vi triet de trong viec xie djnh cic die tinh, cic gii ttj truyin thdng con ngudi mien Trung. Gia tri truyen thdng li nhiing yeu td thupc vi di sin Ijch su, vin hda va xa hpi, cd tic dung tich cyc, tdt dep, thue diy sy phit friin, tiin bp ciia ci nhin, cdng ddng, xa hdi; gia tri fruy en thdng the hign vai frd, tic dpng ciia nd gin lien vdi nhttng dieu kien chii quan v i khich quan xie djnh; chiing thay ddi va biiu hign theo sy phit frien xa hdi, nhung lgi dn dinh, cd djnh, Ii "gen" di truyen xa hpi, cd ke thua, lira gitt, Ian tda va phat trien, frong mdi ei nhan, cgng ddng vi xi hdi (Luang Dinh Hii, 2015).
Due ket va xay dyng "hg gii trj chuin" cua con ngudi Viet Nam thcri ki day nhanh cdng nghiep hda, hien dgi hda, hdi nhip qudc te va phat ttiin ben vilng li nhigm vy cap thiet hien nay. Dieu niy di dupc xie djnh ttong Nghj quyet Hpi nghj Trung ucmg Ding Cpng sin Viet Nam lan thii 9, khda XI. Hg gii frj chuin ciia con ngudi Vigt Nam khdng the khdng bao him trong do cic die tinh - gii trj truyin thdng. Gia tri truyen thdng ciia con ngudi mien Trung eung la mpt yeu td cau thanh ciia hg gii trj ehuin cpn ngudi mien Trung. Gii trj truyen thdng con ngudi ncri diy dupc hinh thanh trong qui trinh ljch sii lau dai cua nen sin xuit ndng nghiep lua nude la chinh, nhtmg dd lgi li nen ndng nghiep sin xuit nhd, manh mun, rdi rac, cd lap. Die tinh niy d ven bien mien Trung dgm net ban vimg BIC Bg va Nam Bd. Trong thyc te, dd edn li nen sin xuat ndng nghigp ling xi. Diiu kign hinh thinh, tdn tgi vi lira truyen ciia cic gii trj truyen thdng chju tic dpng ItSn ciia ljch su chdng ngpai xam vi ljch sir ehdng thien tai cua dan tpc sudt nhiiu nghin nim ma con ngudi mien Trung da ed nhttng ddng gdp rit to ldn. Cac die tinh - gii trj truyen thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung cung gin lien va chju anh hudng siu sic eiia nen vin hda A Ddng vdi nhiing trio Itru vin hda, tu tadng giao thoa, du nhip tgo nen bin sic rieng bigt, dge dio cung vdi vin hda bin dja eda mien Trung. Tinh vimg, mien rieng cd cita mien Trung cung m nhiing net sau dam va tgo nen ngi dung cua gia frj truyen thdng cua con ngucri mien Trung. Nhiing gii tri vin hda A Ddng \ e cin bin phai thdng qua vin hda viing mien, chju sy khiic xa vi tiep bien cua vin hda viing mien cua mien Trung de tgo nen gii tri truyen thdng con ngudi mien Trung. Trong eac die tinh - gii frj ttnyen thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung deu cd hinh bdng rd net cita nhimg yeu td tic dpng, nhflng tiin di bdi ciifli fren day vi chiuig deu tic dpng, anh hudng den sy ra ddi, tdn tai va phit friin eua cac gii trj ay rit lau dai, thudng xuyen, dii liie manh, Iiic yeu khic nhau.
4g Nghiin ciiu Con ngudi sd 1(106) 2020
Phdt huy ddc tinh - eid tri truyen thine..
Ngoai eie diiu kign, tien de fren day, khdng Uie khdng nhic din tic ddng, inh hudng cua mpt thdi ki ljch su khdng dai, nhung cich day chua lau, mi tic dpng ciia nd hign vin cdn khi Icin. Dd la thdi ki cua nen kinh te ke hoaeh hda tap trung, quan lieu, bao cap. Nhiing tic dpng eua nd khdng phii chi li tieu cyc nhu mdt sd ngucri hign nay ngg nhan, ma ed c i tie ddng tich cue den cie die linh - gii ttj truyin thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung ndi rieng v i eon ngucri Vigt Nam ndi chung. Cic die tinh - gii trj truyin thdng con ngudi mien Trung cung cd vai ttd rat to ldn trong thdi ki ljch sti nay, gdp phan gitt vung su dn dinh, sy thdng nhit, ddng thugn, doin ket va phat trien cua con ngudi vi xa hdi.
Tat ei eie dieu kign, tien de, yeu td fren frong tdng Uie tuong tic lin nhau tao nen bdi canh, mdi trudng chung eho sy tdn tgi, lira tinyen, bien ddi vi tie dgng eua cic die tinh, gii trj con ngucri mien Trung, ke ci nhirng die tinh tdt dgp lin nhung die tinh tieu eye, phin gia frj. Bdi canh do d cae thdi diem khic nhau cua Ijeh sii khdng ehi tgo mdi hoic hun ditc, cung cd, phit frien, phit huy tic dyng eua cie die Unh va gii trj truyen thdng cita con ngudi mien Trung, mi cflng cd tie dyng ggn lge, vugt bd, xda bd nhitag npi dung, bieu hien cila eic die tinh tieu cyc, phan gii ttj.
Trong bdi eanh do, qua qui trinh Ijeh su liu dii, eon ngudi mien Trung ed ci hg thdng cie die tinh gii trj tdt dgp Ian cic die tinh xau^ (Nguyen Thii Hpp, 2005). Khd cd thi neu hay trinh biy toin bg cic die tinh vi gia trj ay cung nhu nhttng biiu hien va luan giai chi tiet, cy the toan bd ehung. (3 diy, tren tinh thin quan ttigt cac each tiep can neu tren, chung tdi ehi neu mpt sd die tinh - gia trj ttuyin thong cin ban cin phat huy ban ntta, tgo ddng lyc cho su phit triin ciia mien Trung trong giai dogn hien nay. Chung tdi diing thugt ngtt die tinh - gia trj li bdi hai thuat ngtt "die tinh" va "gia trj" truyen thdng con ngudi mien Trung khdng hoan toin triing khdp vdi nhau. Cd nhiing die tinh chinh la gii trj truyen thong, khdng flii phan djnh nd li gia trj hay die tinh. Nhtmg cd nhttng gia trj ttuyin Uidng lgi khdng thi xem nd la die tinh dupe. Mat khic, ed nhung gii trj, nhit Ii gia trj chung cua con ngudi Viet Nam, trong dd cd eic gia trj truyen thdng, lai duge thi hi$n die thii qua nhihig die tinh cua con ngudi mien Trung.
Thdng thudng, mpi ngudi vin quan niem ring cic die tinh li the hien ciia gia trj.
Nhung chi eae die tinh tinh cue, cin ban, cdt Idi mdi la nhu viy va thgm chi la ttong nhflng ttirdng hpp nhit djnh, chimg ddng nhat vdi nhau, cdn nhieu die tinh lgi khdng thi hien chiit gia trj nao. Cac die tinh tieu cyc la nhu vay.
'{htlp://giaoduc.netvn/Muc-cu/Vi-khat-vong-Viet/GS-Nguyen-Lan-Dung-Rat-nhieu-nguoi-Viet-ham- tien-voHam-hen-nhat-postll7868.gd);(http://redsvn.net/mot-cai-nhin-ve-20-thoi-hu-tat-xau-cua- nguoi-viet-nam/); (https://trithucvn.net/van-hoa/nguoi-viet-dau-kl-20-trong-hoi-ky-cua-mot-vi- toan-quyen dongduong:html).
Nghiin cdu Con ngudi sd 1(106) 2020 49
Lirang Dinh Hdi
Trong xi hdi hien nay. quan niem he gii tti truyin thdng eiia con ngirdi mien Trung cdn rit nhieu >' kien khie nhau, khdng hoan toin thdng nhit vdi nhau. Tren CO sd cic quan diem khie nhau ve van de niy, thdng qua nghien eiiu vi trai nghiem thyc te Clla minh. chung tdi quan niem he die tinh - gii tri truyen thdng ca ban eua con ngudi mien Trung it nhit gdm 10 die tinh - gii tti khie nhau sau day. Bd li: 1) Tinh thdn yeu nuac nong ndn: 2) Tinh thdn nhdn di: 3) Anh himg - dUng cam: 4) Thdng Ihin: 5) Cdn cii: 6) Sdng tgo: 7) Lac quan: 8) Hiiu hge: 9) Chiu khd: 10) Kien cuang. Mudi die tinh - gii tti ttuyen thdng cin bin nay, nhu li bing hg gii trj truyin thing nit ggn cua con ngudi mien Trung, chiing tdi xep theo trinh ty xie djnh vi mang tinh khii quit qua tim hieu ljch sti con ngudi mien Trung d cic thcri ki khie nhau, die bigt qua tinh eich eua cic nhin vit ttong Ijch'su xuit fliin tu mien Trung.
Nhflng die tinh - gii tti nay eung phii hpp vcri toin bp cic dieu kign, tien de, yeu to di phan tich d fren, dupc ehiing tdi xie djnh dya tren cic eich tiep can da neu. H$
cac die tinh - gia frj truyin thdng miin Trung gdm cic die tinh - gia trj ehung ciia con ngudi Vigt Nam, nhung trit tu cua chung li khdng gidng nhau. Mit khic, ehiing lai cd nhttng biiu hign rieng, die fliii cua con ngudi mien Trung, khic vdi eon ngudi cic xu, viing, miin khic, gdp phin tao nen hg gii tri truyen thdng con ngudi Vigt Nam ndi chung^ (Trin Dinh Huou, 1996; Trin Vin Giiu, 2005; Nguyin Hdng Phong, 1963). Diiu dd cd nghTa ring chung tdi khing djnh ed bing gia tti ttuydn thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung ndi rieng. Bang gia trj dd cd cic yeu td eiia bing gia ttj con ngucri Viet Nam, nhtmg thang bgc cie gii trj vi nhiing biiu hign ey the Clla chiing lgi cd net die thu, rieng ed cua dja phucmg. Dudi diy chiing tdi liru y mgt sd die tinh - gii trj truyen thdng ca bin nhit:
Thir nhdt, dd li tinh than yeu nude ndng nin. Dieu niy khdng ai cd the bac bd.
Die tinh - gii ttj truyen thdng nay khdng phii li rieng ciia con ngudi mien Trung mi li die linh - gii ttj chung ciia con ngudi Viet Nam. Dieu niy khdng phii luin giii nhieu. Nhtmg ttong ljch su \a ci hign nay nd lai duge bieu hign theo each rieng, die thii cua mien Trung. Bieu hien die tbii cua die tinh - gii trj, hay eung cd the quan niem ring, nd ket hop vdi eac die tinh khie cua con ngudi miin Trung theo eich rieng, de tgo nen ban sic mien Trung cua linh thin yeu nude.
Tinh than yeu nude vdi tinh eich li die linh - gii tri truyen thdng eda ngudi mien Trung li tinh thin yeu nude ndng nin minh liet, sin sing hi sinh Ipi ieh ca nhin, hi sinh ban thin vi dit nude. Dieu nay the hien rit rd d cic thdi diim lieh sir khic nhau trong sy nghiep gianh vi giu ddc lip dan lge. Nhd ed die tinh niy nen
•* Xem: Mpt so cdng trinh nghien ciiu khoa hpc xa hpi va nhan v5n. Nxb. ThS gidi, tap 3: Van hoa va phat tri^n, 2012; Ngudi xua canh tinh. Nxb. Tong hpp Tp. Ho Chi Minh, 2018,...
5Q Nghiin Cliu Con ngudi s61(106) 2020
Phdt huy ddc linh - eid tri truyin thine...
ngudi mien Trung ed sd lupng vua, chiia, quan, hay thep ngdn ngft hign nay li sd cic nhan vgt VIP eiia mien Trung rit ddng. Cd ngudi li giii cac nhin vit VIP cua mien Trung nhiiu li do dieu kign khich quan eua mien Trung khdng thuin Ipi, eye nhit, khd nhit ei nude. Nhung dieu dd khdng diing, dii ed yiu id do trong thyc ti hign nay vi ttong Ijch sir. Neu khd eye, gian nan, vat va mi khdng cd tinh than yeu nude minh ligt, sin sing hi sinh til ea de ed nhimg quyel djnh lao bao, bit ngd, dung cim d nhttng thai diem quyet djnh Uii khdng flii fliinh cdng, khdng Uii Uianh nhan vat VIP duge. Cd nhieu die linh khic, nhtmg mgt trong nhflng die linh dd Ii tinh quyet doin, manh liet, cd lite thitdi cue doan ttong liifli thin yeu nude khiin cho ngudi miin Trung khie nhiing eon ngudi mien Bic, mien Nam, dil cac vung, miin do cung khdng it cac nhan vgl VIP trong nhieu llnh vyc khae nhau. Nghien Cliu ljch sir miin Trung va ljch sii eic nhan vat VIP d diy eho thay diim die thit niy rd ban bat cir viing mien nio eua dil nude.
Die linh - gii tri truyen thdng thii hai eiia con ngudi mien Trung la tinh Ihdn nhdn ai Cung tucmg ly nhu tinh than yeu nude d tren, linh than nhan ai la die linh - gii trj ehung cita ngudi Viet Nam. Nhung d eon ngudi mien Trung lgi cd bieu hign die thii rieng. Sy nhan ii d con ngudi mien Trung cd tim rgng Idn, Uiudng xuyen va mang tinh trigt di, thgm chi cd liic eye doan hon eic vimg miin khic. Con ngudi Viet Nam la nhan ii, bao dung, nhung lim cao va tinh nhat quan, trigt de thi bieu Men rd nhil ttong ljch su lgi d con ngudi mien Trung.
Trong ljch su trudc thdi ki hign dgi ehi cd Le Lgi va eac thude hg cua dng, mi dgi da sd li ngudi mien Trung, Thanh, Nghg gitt cac vj tri trpng trich nhat ed quyet djnh dgi xi eho nhflng dgo quan xam luge nha Minh dupc bao toin linh mgng. Hg cip luong thuc va cic phuang lien eho tii binh ve nude an loan. Chu nhan ehua tung ed ay d con ngudi mien Trung cung ehua limg cd tren the gidi liic biy gid. Nd lim dep them, phong phu Ihem ngi dung tinh than nhin ii cua din lge Vigt Nayi, khiin ke Ihii khiip sg. d day can nhin mgnh ring, Le Lpi va bg tucjng cua dng khdng phai la huge phai nhan ii, khdng phii nhin ii d the yeu ma li nhin ai tren Uii manh, tren chinh nghTa cua dan tdc va cua cdng eupc giai phdng dan tdc. Hd Chi Minh cung thi hien tinh thin ay d dinh cao eiia thai dgi, khi cugc Cieh mgng thing Tim dang syc sdi khi the, lai mdi vua Bio Dgi lim Cd vin cho Chinh phu. Til binh Phip vi MT dupe ddi xu nhan dgo va duge trao tra day du. Thi gidi xua nay ehua timg cd nhflng dieu nhu the. Tinh than nhan ii, li lanh diim li rich frong thien lai, djch hpa, frong khd khin, gian khd li net tinh cich chua bao gid md nhgl trong Ijeh sti dit nude, din lpc. Nhttng dieu din ca, nhgc cd va ca nen vin hda din gian, vin hda bac hpc cua vimg dat mien Trung deu thim dim tinh fliin nhin ii vd bd bin.
Nghiin cdu Con ngudi s61(106) 2020 51
Lirang Dinh Hdi
Cac die tinh - gia Di khic cting nrong ty nhu vgy, cung li nhttng die tinh - g'* 'ri truyen thdng chung cua con ngudi Viet Nam. nhimg diu cd nhimg bieu hien rat dac thu mien Trung, khic vdi die tinh - gii tri truyen thdng con ngucri d eic vung mien khic. khic vrii con ngudi Bic Bd hay Nam Bp, tgo nen net die thu cua hg gii Ui truyen thdng con ngudi mien Trung, vtra mang tinh chung vtra cd net rieng so vdi he gii ttj con ngudi Viet Nam. d day, chung ldi khdng phin tich siu cac khia canh die thit eua 10 die tinh - gia tri truyen thdng mi chi neu vi dy qua hai die tinh can bin, cdl Idi nhit. Tuy nhien, de hieu con ngudi mien Trung ein phii nhin nhgn ci cic chieu eanh khic - chieu egnh cie die tinh tieu cue'', thi mdi hieu rd, hiiu diy du vi tren ca sd dd mdi phat huy ed higu qui eic die tinh - gii frj truyen thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung.
Tren ca sd nhflng diim phan tich tren, chung ldi neu mpt sd giii phip co bin nhim phil huy cic die linh - gii trj truyin thdng con ngudi miin Trung. Trang bdi canh cdng nghiep hda, hign dai hda vi hpi nhip qudc te hign nay, de phit Iriin nhanh, mgnh, bin vflng dil nude vi khu vye ddi hdi phii cd nhihig con ngudi miin Trung vdi cic die tinh - gii trj mdi ket linh trong minh ea nhttng die tinh - gii trj ttuyin thdng lan nhung yeu eau mdi eiing hda trpn, kel hgp. Nhttng yeu eiu mdi chu yiu hien nay li: thir nhit, tinh chuyen nghigp trong mpi cdng vige; thu hai, dd li tinh thupng tdn phip luat; thu ba la tinh din chu thye sy; thir tu li trung thyc; thu nim li cd ning lyc phdi, kel hpp hogl ddng ei nhan va cpng ddng; tbu siu li phii cd the lye tdt. Viee phit huy cac die tinh - gii trj truyen thdng cua con ngudi mien Trung phii hudng den dip irng tdt nhat eie lieu chuan ma con ngudi mien Trung dang cin phii cd. Cd nhieu giii phap phii thuc hi^n vi phii thyc hien ddng bd, thich hop. Nhung nhttng giai phap dudi day li cin ban ttong giai doan hien nay.
Mgt Id, phai ciing ed vi tang cudng giio due gia dinh. Tir khi bude vio kinh te thj Irudng, ei xa hgi cung nhu he thdng giao due di "ling quen" giao dye gia dinh. De dang nhgn thay ring hien nay, thdi gian con tre d nhi giao tiip vdi dng bi, bd me il ban thdi gian d Irudng, Icip. Trong cic thdi ki trudc diy, giio due gia dinh ddng vai ttd chu yeu trong vige hinh thanh nhan each con ngudi, eac phim chit, the lye, tim lyc, \ ehi. bin ITnh, trong viec ehuyin giao cac die linh - gii frj truyen thdng,... Nhtmg hien nay, vai trd giao dye niy di bj suy yiu vi Ire em khdng cd nhieu thai gian d nhi vdi dng ba, bd mg, anh chj nhu trudc day. Trong khi tre em cd thdi gian tir sing den chieu tdi mugn d trucmg, Icip thi chitc ning
* Ching han- Tinh tieu nong, n^nglinh, nh? It; Tinh kinh nghiem, lam nhin ngin, cgc bp; hao danh sTdien; Thu dpng, ua nhan nha, cau may;...
52 Nghiin ciiu Con ngutt s61(106) 2020
Phdt huy ddc tinh - eid tri truyen Ihdne...
giio dye die tinh - gii tti truyin Uidng lai khdng duge chuin bj v i chua chuyin giao duge cho nhi trudng. Diy la mgt Id hdng ldn trong giio due eua xi hpi ta hign nay. Diiu nay di, dang vi se gay nhieu he lyy Idn va se edn ldn hem ttong giai dogn tdi niu khdng kjp thdi dieu chinh v i cai eich giao due dung eieh. Con ngudi hign lgi vi Wang lai khdng dupe giio dye diy du cac die linh - gii ttj ttuyin thing sd trd nen "miu Ignh", mit phuang huiing, thiiu y chi, bin ITnh, thiiu tinh thuang ydu chin ehinh, thiiu tdn ttpng frit ly, ki euang v i thieu nhiiu phim chit khie. Bdi viy, tdi pham tre em, fre vj thinh nien, fre em hu hdng, bgo lyc hpc dudng, lpi pham hpc frd di vi dang gia ling ding sp. Cai gdc eua van de chinh li d giao dye cic die Imh - gii frj truyen thdng trude diy dupe thye hign trong gia dinh, cdn hign nay gan nhu khdng dupe thyc hign dung mirc d diu ci.
Niu khdng nhanh chdng nghien ciiu di duy tri nd frong gia dinh hoic phai chinh Ihlic chuyin vio Irudng, ldp nhu mpt dieu kien bit huge dau tien, thi trong luong lai s6 cdn phii chiing kien vi ddi phd vdi linh trgng bgo lyc, tte em hu, tgi phgm, thgm ehi se rdi logn xi hdi.
Giio dye gia dinh vdi npi dung chinh la giao dye cac die linh - gia trj ttuyen Uidng kio dii trong toin bO cupc ddi nhung ehu yeu v i quan trpng nhil la giai dogn hpe miu giao va phd thdng. Vai trd gia dinh d ehd niy da bj xa hgi tude dogt, bj xda bd vi eic dieu kign thdi gian, vgl chat khi con fre hiu nhu sudt c i ngiy, ei luin bj keo ra khdi mdi trudng gia dinh. Khdng ed giio due die tinh - gii trj truyen Uidng thi khdng thi de cap den bit cti sy phat huy nio ea. Mien Trung cin thiet vi phii nen di diu trong viec nay, eanh tinh eho loan xa hdi, khdi dpng Iai chuang frinh giao dye va rio riit, mgnh me, quyel doan ttong cdng vige niy flii sau khoing 10 nim ntta cac dac tinh - gii tti ttuyin thong mdi ed flii phit huy duge siic mgnh eua nd.
Hai Id, phii chu dpng ddi mdi giio due va dio tao trong he thdng cac trucmg pho flidng, dgy nghi, cao ding, dgi hpe. Ddi mdi nay trudc hit tip ttung vio vige giio dye cac quan he x i hgi can bin nhil cua con ngucri. Dd Ii cac quan hg bgn be, cpng ddng, quan he quyin Igi, nghTa vy, ttach nhigm, quan li vi bj quin li, quan he dao diic va phap lugl, eie gii ttj ttuyin thdng cua dja phuang va dan tdc, cac kT ning sdng frong cdng ddng. Day nghi, day kiin thirc duge xem trpng la dting din, nhung il chii ttgng din eae gia Iri, chuin myc sdng, chin, thien, itiT, cic die tinh - gii ttj thi he thdng giao dye chua phii da dung hutimg. Khiem khuyit ciia hg Ihdng giao dye va dao Igo frong miy chuc nim qua v i van de niy da gay nhiiu hg luy ning n i cin duge khic phyc nhanh chdng, khan Iruong.
Dudng nhu d miin Trung va ea nude do khiim khuyet cua nin giio due nhu di phin tieh d fren di bit diu cd sy diit gay gitta thi he fre vdi cic die linh - gii hi
Nghiin ciiu Con ngudI sd 1(106) 2020 53
Luang Dinh Hdi
ttuyin thdng. Di phil huy eic die tmh - gii frj niiyin thdng Uii khdng flii khdng ddi mcri nen giio due, dio tgo hign nay. Can sthn nhin ra v i bit tay thyc hi^n ddi mdi Slim trong khi ning eda minh.
Ba td, phai xay dung mdi tiudng cpng ddng ttong dd cie die tinh - gii trj truyen thdng duge de cao, nhiing ca nhan, lap the gitt gin vi phil huy dupc cie die tinh - gia tri tiuyen thdng phii dupe co vu, khen thudng xung ding. Cin thiet phai cd vi phii xiy dyng dupc mgt sd cgng ddng diin hinh frong khu vyc d eic ITnh vye khie nhau nhu frong nginh y le, giio dye, ngu din, edng chuc,... Cie cgng ddng dd li nhflng cgng ddng xi hdi frong sgch, hii hda, hijrp li frong cic quan hg ban be, ca nhin - tap the, quyen lgi - nghTa vy - ttich nhigm xa hpi, gifta dgo due va luit phip, d do bang gii trj con ngudi dupe thyc hign dung nghTa frong thyc te. Quan hg frong cgng ddng rit da dgng, phong phu nhtmg frong dd cd nhiing quan hg rat cin bin nhu quan hg quin li, nghTa vy vi quyen l<?i, frich nhigm va cdng bing, tnmg thuc vi nhan ii,... cin dupc xem frgng.
Cie tinh mien Trung nen lya chgn vi xay dyng mgt sd cgng ddng kieu miu frpng viec phat huy cic die linh - gii trj truyen thdng, trong vige Id chire ddi sdng cgng ddng linh mgnh, vin minh. Ngi dung diu lien li eae thanh vien cgng ddng thdng nhil, ddng thuin xay dyng hg thdng quy ehe, lieu ehi, chuin mye hinh vi vi ly nguygn thyc hign chung. Hg thdng quy chi li su cy thi hda cic die tinh - gii frj truyen thdng, eie ddi hdi eua sy phat triin hign lgi vi luang lai, eda nhflng dieu kign vi khi ning sin cd cua dja phuang, don vj. Cgng ddng sd eiing nhau din ehu, edng khai thio lugn va thdng qua, eiing nhau thyc hign vi giim sil thyc hign. Phit huy cic die tinh - gii ttj truyen thing la edng vige eiia ngudi din, vi lpi ieh cua dan, do ngudi din thyc hign. Linh dao vi quan li cie cip li ngudi khdi xudng, tham gia giim sil vi djnh hudng. Cic Id chuc doin thi la lyc Iu(;mg ehu lyc trong xay dyng vi thyc hign hg thdng quy che, ehuin myc nay.
Bdn Id, Can gia ling viec giim sit fliyc hien cac quy chi, chuin myc, die linh - gii ttj truyen thdng cua cac cpng ddng.
Cie linh mien Trung cung nhu ei nude dang trong tinh trgng khdi dpng vi frien khai nhieu cdng viec frong ddi sdng xi hpi, trong cic cpng ddng dan eu.
Nhtmg nhin thing sy thil tbi vige trien khai, phit dpng diin ra rim rp, nhung vige giim sil thuc hign thudng rit thieu vi yeu. Do viy, trong thyc ti, tir lugl phip den quy che, chuin mue xi hdi cung khdng tbi thyc thi nghiem chinh dupe.
Day li mdl diem yeu cua con ngudi tiuyen thdng d eic linh miin Trung ndi rieng va Vigt Nam ndi chung, vi tinh frgng tren Igi lim gia ling them diim yiu nay.
Chinh vi viy, giii phip gia ling giim sal thye hign cic quy chi, chuin myc, dae tinh - gii frj truyen thdng Ii mgt giai phip cin thiel va lil yeu hign nay. Giim sil
54 Nghiin Cliu Con ngudi s61(106) 2020
Phdt huv ddc tinh - eid Iri truyin Ihdne..
ttong cpng dong mang lai higu qui ldn, ehi phi tiiip, khuyin khich dupc sy ly giic, sy sing tgo vi su phii hgp thyc le cua eac npi dung Irong giii phip.
Til ei cic cgng dong, cac ei nhan ehic chin s6 nim chic hg thdng quy ehi, chuan mye mpt khi hp ttirc liep tham gia xay dung, khi ma ngi dung cua ehung quan he ttvc liip din lpi ich vi cugc sdng ciia hp cung nhu gia dinh hp. Chinh vi vgy, ein djnh hudng ngay lu dau qui trinh xiy dyng ea chi giam sil ed higu qua vi ttap quyin giim sal, thyc tbi eho chinh hp. Khi do ngudi din ly giim sil, ly fliyc hign nghiem chinh, minh bgeh, trich nhigm rd rang. Ngudi dan se biit each giim sal v i thye thi cac die Unh - gii tri qua eie quy ehi, chuin myc.
Day li nhttng giii phap can kip, trudc mil, quan frgng cin lam ngay, di khdng chi phil huy cic die linh - gii trj ttuyin thdng mi di ttanh cing sdm cing tdt sy dirt giy gitta cic gii ttj truyin fliong trong mgt bg phgn khdng nhd gidi tte hign nay, gdp phin tao dyng v i phit huy gii Ui truyen flidng eon ngudi cic tinh mien Trung.
Tii ligu tham khao
1. Dio Duy Anh. 2000. Vi^l Nam vdn hda sii cucmg. Nxb. Khoa hpc xi hpi. Ha Ngi.
2. Nguyen Lin Dung. 2013. "Rit nhiiu ngucri vigt Nam ham tiin...", (hltp://giaoduc.net.vn/Muc-cu/Vi-khat-vong-Viet/GS-Nguyen-Lan-Dung-Rat- nhieu-nguoi-Viet-ham-lien-vo-cam-hen-nhal-postll7868.gd).
3. Trin Vin Giiu. 2005. Gid Iri truyin ihing ddn Igc Viet Nam. Nxb. Khoa hge xa hgi. Ha Ngi.
4. Phgm Minh Hac. 2010. Dinh hudng gid tri con ngudi Viel Nam Irong Ihoi ki ddi mdi vd hgi nhgp. Nxb. Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Npi.
5. Phgm Minh Hge. 2012. Gid tri hoc. Co sd li lugn gdp phdn ddc ket xdy dimg gid tri chung eda ngudi Viet Nam Ihdi nay. Nxb. Dan tri. Hi Ngi.
6. Phgm Minh Hge. 2015. 77m hieu cde gid Iri ddn Idc Viel Nam vdi Idm ll hge vd gido due hge. Nxb. Chinh tri qudc gia - Su that. Hi Ngi.
7. Lucmg Dinh Hai. 2002. Gid tri Iruyen Ihdng trudc nhiing Ihach thire cita lodn cdu hda. (Nguyen Trgng Chuan chil bien). Nxb. Khoa hge xi hgi. Hi Ngi.
8. Luong Dinh Hii. 2011. "Phil trien van hda la ngi dung cua phat ttien bin vilng".
Tgp chi Phdt triin bin vitng vimg, sd 1(1).
9. Luang Dinh Hai. 2015. "Xay dyng he gii lii Vigt Nam trong thdi ki cdng nghiep hoa, hign dgi hda va hgi nhap qudc te". Tgp chi Nghien ciiu Con ngudi, sd 1.
10. Luong Dinh Hii. 2017. "Cich mang khoa hge cdng nghe va tic ddng ciia nd den con ngudi vi xi hdi Viet Nam". Tap chi Nghien cdu Con ngudi, sd 5.
11. Nguyen Vin Huyen. 2003. Vdn minh Viet Nam. Nxb. Khoa hge xi hgi. Hi Ndi.
Nghiin cuu Con ngudi sd 1(106) 2020 55
Luang Dinh Hdi
12. Phan Ngpe. 1994. Vdn hda Viet Xam vd cdch tiip can mdi. Nxb. Khoa hpc xfi hpi- Ha Npi.
13. Nguyen H6ng Phong. 1963. 77m hieu tinh cdch ddn tge. Nxb. Sv thgt.
14. Nguyen Hong Phong. 2012. Mgt sd edng trinh nghien cuu khoa hge xd hgi va nhdn vdn, tap 3: "Van hoa va phat trien". Nxb. Th^ gi6i.
15. H6 ST Quy. 2014. "Van de gia tri quan chau A: nghien ciiu so sinh chSu A vi phuotig Tay". Tap chi Thong tin khoa hge xd hgi, so 4.
16. H6 ST Quy. 2006. Vi gid trj vd gid tri ehau A. Nxb. Chinh trj quoc gia. Ha Npi.
17. Quy Hoa binh va phat tri6n Viet Nam. 2016. Khuydn nghj "H? gia trj - myc tieu cua h? th6ng giao d\ic ve phat trien nhan each thanh, thieu nien".
18. Trin Nggc Them. 2015. "H? gia trj dinh huong cot loi Vi?t Nam nhin tir ket qud khao sat 2014". In trong saeh Mgt sd vdn di vi h? gid trf Vi^t Nam trong giai dogn hien nay. Nxb. Dai hpc quoc gia Tp. Ho Chi Minh.
19. TrSn Ngpe Them. 2015. "Nhijng ea so li luan v^ gia trj va vi?e xay d\mg h? gid tri dinh hucmg c6t loi". In trong sach Mgt so vdn di vi h? gid trj Vi^t Nam trong giai dogn hi$n tgi. Nxb. Dai hpc Tp. Ho Chi Minh.
20. Ngo Due Thinh. 2006. "Mot s6 vin de phuong phdp luan nghien eihi vSn h6a cho phdt tri^n". In trong sdch Van hda, van hoa tge ngudi, vdn hda Vi$t Nam.
Nxb. Khoa hpc xa hpi. Ha Npi.
21. Ngo Due Thinh. 2014. Gid tri vdn hoa Vi^t Nam - truyin thdng vd bien ddi.
Nxb. Chinh trj quoc gia - Sir that. Ha Npi.
22. Ngo Due Thinh. 2010. (http://wvw.vanhoahoc.vn/nghien-cuu/ly-luan-van-hoa- hoc/llvhh-nhung-van-de-ehung/1593-ngo-duc-thinh-nghien-cuu-he-gia-tri-van- hoa-truyen-thong. html).
23. Nhieu tac gia. 2015. Bu&c ddu tim hieu nhimg ffd tri vdn hda ehinh trf tn^in thong Vi^t Nam. Nxb. Chinh tri quoc gia - Su that. Ha Npi.
24. Nhieu tac gia. 2014. Gid trf vdn hda ddn tdc vol vi^c xdy dung nhdn edeh sinh vien Vi('t Nam hiin nay. Nxb. Chinh tri qu6c gia - Su that. Ha Npi.
25. Vuong Tri Nhan, Tran Vdn Chanh. 2018. Ngudi xua cdnh linh. Nxb. T6ng hpp Tp. H6 Chi Minh.
26. "Thoi hu tat xau eua ngucri Viet Nam", (http://redsvn.net/mot-eai-nhin-ve-20- thoi-hu-tat-xau-eua-nguoi-viet-nam).
27. "Ngucri Viet dau the ki XX...", (https://trithuevn.net/van-hoa/nguoi-viet-dau- ki -20-trong-hoi-ky-cua-mot-vi -toan-quyen-dong-duong.html).
5g Nghi&n ciJM Con ngu&l s61(106} 2020
