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THlTC TRANG GIAO DUC MAM NON Cf KHU CONG NGHIEP, KHU CHE XUAT
TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
• PHAM TH! HUYEN - HOANG NGOC VINH HANH
T 6 M TAT:
Hidn Thanh phd' Ho Chi Minh (TP. HCM) dang ap dung va thffc hidn nhilu chinh sach hd trd, phat trien he thd'ng trffdng mam non. Song dd'n nay, lai cac khu cdng nghidp, khu che xua't (KCN-KCX) TP. HCM, sd' Iffdng trffdng mam non cdng lap chi dap ffng dffdc 15% nhu eau gffi tre. Bai vie't cliira nguyen nhan chinh dan ldi nhffng va'n de eon t6n tai, ba't cap, dan dd'n sff thidu hut eae cd sd mam non cdng lap tai cac KCN - KCX TP. HCM, tff dd, de xua'l eae giai phap nham phat triln giao due mim non tai cac KCN-KCX, dap ffng nhu cau gffi trd eua ngffdi lao ddng trdn dia ban nay.
Tuf khoa: Giao due mam non, gffi ti-e, khu cdng nghiep-khu che' xua't, TP. Ho Chi Minh.
L Dgt va'n dd
Nhffng nam gan day, cac KCN-KCX dang ngay cang phat huy vai d-d quan trong trong phat triln kinh te TP. HCM. Tuy nhien, bdn canh nhffng ddng gop tich cffc, vide phat trien cac KCN-KCX nhanh va nong cung dan tdi nhieu vd'n de can giai quye'l lidn quan tdi an sinh xa hoi, khi cd sd ha lang chffa theo kip td'e do tang trffdng cua kinh te' va nhan khau, dac bidt la va'n dl phat trien giao due mam non (GDMN) nham dap ffng nhu eau gffi Ire cua lao ddng ngoai linh (dd'i tffdng chid'm tdi xap xi 70% lao ddng tai cac doanh nghiep thuoc cac KCN-KCX).
Tinh dd'n thang 7/2019, tren dia ban TP. HCM cd 17 KCN-KCX boat ddng vdi 1.371 dff an dau tff dang hoat ddng vdi long sd' vo'n gan 10 ty USD, kim ngach xua't khau chie'm 40% kim ngach xua't kha'u toan thanh phd'; tao ra vide iam cho gin
290.000 lao ddng (trong dd, cd 70% la lao ddng ngoai tinh), chiem khoang 26% lao ddng lam vide lai cac doanh nghiep thude KCN-KCX tren dia ban thanh phd'.
Ben canh nhffng ddng gdp tieh ciTe cho phat trien kinh id' xa hoi dia phffdng ihl vide phat trien nhanh, phat trien ndng eac KCN-KCX ciing din ldi nhieu va'n d l khd khan can giai quyd't. Vdi quy md Idn (tff 50.000 cdng nhan trd Idn), cac KCN-KCX keo theo sd' Iffdng Idn ngirdi nhap cff cung nhu eau an sinh xa hoi ra't Idn, Trong nhffng nam qua, mac dii dffdc ehinh quyen quan tam diu tff ndn cha't Iffdng cude sd'ng eua ngffdi lao ddng tai cae KCN-KCX lai TP.HCM tffng bffdc dffdc cai thidn nhffng van con tin lai nhilu ba't cap.
Trong do, giao due la va'n d l raa ngffdi lao ddng tai cac KCN-KCX lo lang va bae hoc chiu ap Iffc nhieu nha't la mam non. Do so' cdng nhan nhap cff
TAP CHJ CUNG THIftfNG
lai cae KCN, KCX ddng din den sd hoc sinh trong do tuoi mam non tang cao. Trong khi do, he thd'ng irirdng Idp khdng dap ffng du ydu eau dang dat ra nhieu ap Iffc dd'i vdi nganh Giao due - Dao lao dia phirdng.
IL Thffc trsing giao due mam non d KCN, KCX tai TP. HCM
Tinh dd'n cud'i 2018. dia ban TP. Ho Chi Minh ed 17 KCN- KCX vdi tdng lao ddng nff hdn 174.000 ngffdi (chie'm 62,6%). Trong dd, cd tdi 31% nff cdng nhan dang nudi con nhd dffdi 5 tudi nen nhu eau gffi eon di nha Ire, mau giao rat cao.
Tuy vay, d cac KCN-KCX TP. HCM mdi cd 23 diran trffdng mam non, trong dd: 18 trffdng mam non da dira vao boat ddng; 2 dff an dang trong giai doan chuan bj dau tff, dff kie'n xay dirng tai KCN Tan Binh; 2 dff an de nghi khdng thffc hidn do da ehuyen ddi muc dich su" dung tai KCN Tan Tao va KCN Ld Minh Xuan; 1 dff an dang trong qua trinh chuyen giao eho ddn vi ehu quan mdi tai KCN Ld Minh Xuan. Thffc trang thie'u cae trurdng mam non to chffe giff tre ngoai gid lai cac KCN - KCX dang la ndi lo la'ng eua hang ngan edng nhan TP. HCM. Do eac trffdng MNCL chi dap ffng 15% nhu cau, 85% cdn lai phai dffa vao cac CSGD mam non tff thuc (MNTT). Trong khi dd, hoc phi d cac tru'dng MNTT dam bao cha't Iffdng ed mffc hoe phi cao, gap 5 - 9 lan so vdi tru'dng cdng lap, trong khi lu'dng cdng nhan cdn tha'p (khoang 4.500.000 ddng/thang - theo bao cao ciia Lidn doan Lao ddng TP. HCM).
Mdt ba't cap khac la ihdi gian trong giff tre cua cac trffdng MNCL ludn khdng khdp vdi thdi gian iam viec ciia cha me. Cdng nhan lai cac KCN- KCX thffdng xuyen phai lam vide dd'n ]9h, lam vide theo ea vao cud'i tuan. Trong khi do, cae irffdng MNCL ehi nhan giff tre de'n I7h30 cae ngay trong tuan tff thff 2 dd'n thff 6, khdng nhan giff tre vao dip cud'i tuan va dip nghi he. Theo thd'ng kd eiia Sd Giao due - Dao tao TP. HCM, nam 2017 - 2018, loan thanh phd'cd 45% sd'tre em (khoang 2.335 tre) iai cac trffdng mam non la con cdng nhan dang iam viec lai cac KCN-KCX.
The' nhffng, sd' irffdng ma m non cd to chffe giff tre ngoai gid (tff 16h30 - IShOO va thff 7 hang luan) chi cd 7 irdn idng sd' 1.326 trffdng va 523 tre dffdc gffi. Mat khac, do dieu kidn ve cd sd vat cha't va ddi ngu giao vien, hau he't cac irffdng MNCL khdng nhan tre du'di 12 thang tuoi. Cac Idp danh
cho tre dffdi 36 thang tudi trong cac trffdng MNCL ra't it va ffu tidn nhan tre la con em ngffcli ed hd khau thirdng tru tai dia phifdng.
Trffde nhffng khd khan nay, nhieu nff lao ddng phai eha'p nhan gffi con lai cae nha tre ttf thuc hoae cac nhdm ire gia dinh de thuan tidn di lam.
Tuy nhien, cac cd sd GDMN d loai hinh nay dang ton tai nhilu khd khan, nhff: trinh dd giao vien, cd sd vat cha't chffa dam bao, chinh quyen dja phffdng chffa kiem soat he^t, dan de'n linh trang thid'u sff quan ly, giam sat cua cd quan chffe nang, khdng dam bao ve cha't Iffdng nudi day tre va la nguyen nhan gay ra cac vu bao hanh, ma't an toan cho tre. O cac nhdm tre ed quy md nhd (dffdi 10 tre) va nhffng nhdm tre chu'a ca'p phep, da s6' ngffdi giff tre cd trinh do chuyen mdn iha'p, thie'u ky nang xff ly tinh hud'ng xay ra trong qua trinh eham sdc, giao due, dan dd'n nguy cd tiem a'n doi vdi vide dam bao an toan cho tre. Mot so' lao ddng nff khac thi chon each gffi con eho ong ba eham sdc. Cd nhieu trffdng hdp sau khi nghi thai san phai nghi vide d nha nudi con, gay ra tinh trang thie'u hut lao ddng eho cac doanh nghidp tai KCN-KCX.
Cd the khang dinh, thffc trang cac trffdng mam non, mau giao, diem giff tre dat chuan cdn ra't thie'u so vdi nhu cau, khie'n ngffdi lao ddng lai cac KCN- KCX trdn dia ban TP.HCM khdng khdi ba't an, lo lang, khi buoe phai gffi con em 6 nhffng nhdm tre tff thuc, tff phat.
HL Nhffng thuSn ldi, khd khan cua cac CSGD mam non ti KCN, KCX tai TP. H 6 Chi Minh
3.1. Thuqn l(/i
Vide dau tir xay dffng tru'dng mam non tai cdc KCX, KCN nhan dffdc sir quan lam cua ea he thd'ng ehinh tri. Sff pho'i hdp chat ehe giffa eac Scl, Nganh, Thanh phd', UBND cae Quan, Huydn, cac edng ty phat trien ha ting KCX, KCN trong vide di khao sat thffc dia, Iffa chpn vi tri xay dffng tuing cdng trinh; thd'ng nha'l de xua'l va dffdc Thffdng inTc UBND Thanh phd'thdng qua, tan dung ldi da dien tich xay dffng, nang them tang eao va triln khai ngay eac dff an trffdng mam non bang vo'n ngan sach thanh phd'.
Cac ca'p chinh quyen dia phffdng da chu ddng dira ra nhieu bidn phap tieh circ, gSn vdi cac tinh hud'ng cu the cua KCN-KCX nham tranh diu cac ngudn Iffc de dau Iff cd sd vat cha't, xay diing
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trffdng, Idp mam non, gdp phan giam bdt ganh nang qua lai so' Ire/ldp cho cac trirdng cdng lap trdn dia ban cae KCN, KCX TP. HCM. Mac dii vay, trffde thffc Id' tang irffdng "ndng" eua cac KCN - KCX, dan dd'n nhieu khd khan ma ngffdi lao ddng tai cac KCN-KCX phai dd'i mat trong vide tim ndi giji tre mdi ngay. Va nhffng khd khan nay cIn phai dffdc xem xel phan tich rapt each thau dao, nham dffa ra nhffng bien phap giai quye't hdp ly.
3.2. Kho khan vd bdt cap
Vide thffc hien ke' hoaeh dau tff xay dffng cae dff an trffdng mam non tai KCN -KCX eon gap phai nhieu khd khan, thach thffc nhff sau:
3.2.1. Ve chinh sdch vd quy ddt xdy difng trudng mdm non trong KCN-KCX
Nghi dinh so' 36/1997/ND-CP ngay 24/4/1997 va Nghi dinh sd 29/2008/ND-CP ngay 14/3/2008 cua Chinh phu vl KCN - KCX va khu kinh te' deu quy dinh eu the khdng ed dan eff sinh sd'ng trong KCX, KCN. Do dd, cac KCX, KCN da hinh thanh va dffdc Bd Xay dffng phe duyel deu khdng cd quy da't de xay dffng cac cdng irinh phuc vu tien ieh cho ngu'di lao ddng. Cae doanh nghidp thud d l san xua't deu cd quy da't han hep, vi the', vide tim quy da't trong cac KCX, KCN, viec van ddng cac doanh nghidp md trffdng hoc trdn phan da't thud d l xay dffng trffdng mam non ra't khd khan.
Trffde day, khi quy hoaeh cac KCN ciing khdng cd phan da't danh cho giao due. Nhieu KCX, KCN da tan dung td'i da quy da't cd the khai thac, khdng cd nhffng mang cay xanh lap trung du Idn de lap dff an xay dffng trffdng mam non, dien tich da't khdng du xay dirng iri/dng chuan. Cac KCX - KCN, quy hoach cay xanh tap trung thffdng cd vi tri la khoang each ly vdi cdng tnnh ha lang ky ihual, mdi trffdng, dan dd'n viec khd dam bao diiu kidn ve cham sdc sffc khoe ire em.
Ben eanh dd, vide thanh lap cac irffdng mim non lan can eac KCN phai luan ihii thu luc da't dai, dd la vffa dap ffng didn lich theo quy dinh vffa phai chuyen ddi Iff da't sff dung ndng ho gia dinh sang da't giao due... khid'n cho viec xay Irffdng gap ra't nhilu khd khan.
3.2.2. Nhu cdu gdi tre ddc thii cdo ngUdi lao dong tgi cdc KCN-KCX
Nhffng dia ban cd KCN-KCX dan so aS hpc tang nhanh va ludn bid'n ddng, chu yd'u la dan nhap eff trong dp tudi sinh san, lam cdng nhan tai cac nha may trong va ngoai KCN-KCX, ndn nhu clu
gffi tre d tff 6 thang lud'i trong va ngoai gid cua cac gia dinh nay la ra't eao.
Sd GDDT TP. Hd Chi Minh cung da ap dung mdt so giai phap giai quye't va'n d l gffi eon ngoai gid cua cdng nhan. Nam hpc 2016-2017, thanh phd thi diem giff tre ngoai gid 6 mdt sd' ddn vi, songnd Iffc nay gap mpt s6'khd khan nhff khi gido vidn lam qua gid se vi pham Luat Lao ddng, irong khi sd'lu'dnggiao vidn theo bien che'lai khdng du de ehia theo ca, dap ffng viec giff tre ngoai gid.
Ra't khd de sap xe'p giao vidn trong diiu kidn cho phep dling vdi nhu eau eua ngu'di lao ddng tai cac KCN-KCX, bdi vi thda man dffdc nguyen vpng cua ngffdi lao ddng nhffng ddng thdi cijng phai dam bao dffdc quyen ldi ehinh dang eua giao vien mam non.
3.2.3. Che do, chinh sdch cho gido vien mdm non Vdi giao vidn mIm non, ho chiu ra't nhieu thiet thdi va ap Iffc vdi cffdng do lao ddng cang thang trung binh khoang 10 gid/ngay. Nd'u Ihffe hidn vide irdng tre ngoai gid cho phii hdp vdi dac thii lam ca cua lao ddng tai cac KCN-KCX thi ap Iffe dd'i vdi giao vidn mam non lai cang Idn hdn.
Trdng khi dd, da phan chinh sach deu hffdng tdi dd'i tffdng giao vien cae Irffdng MNCL, chffa cd ehinh saeh cu thi de hd trd chinh sach bad hiem y Id', bad hiem xa hdi va tien Iffdng cho giao vien mam non khd'i ngoai edng lap. Lffdng iha'p, diiu kidn lam vide khdng dam bad, che' dp khdng thda dang dan tdi giao vien MNTT khdng yen tam cdng tac, khdng gan bd vdi nghe, dpi ngu giao vidn cua eae nhdm Idp ludn bid'n ddng, khdng on dinh. Hidn nay, thu nhap trung binh cua giao vien mam non mdi ra irffdng tai cac cd sd giao due ngoai cdng lap chffa dd'n 5 tridu ddng/thang. Trong khi do, d cae cd sd edng lap, giao vien se dffdc nhan thdm cac khoan phu cap, thu nhap lang them nen tdng thu nhap cao hdn. Thffc Id' nay khid'n chii cac cd sd ngoai cdng lap chiu ap Iffe Idn vl eanh tranh thu nhap d l giff chan giao vidn, ddng nghTa vdi viec lao thdm khd khan trong vide xay dffng, phat trien cac trffdng MNTT.
Vide thffc hien chinh sach xa hdi hda giao due chffa dffdc thdng thoang, chffa tao dieu kidn de thu hut nha dau tff phat trien giao due mam non. Vide thffc thi cac chinh sach khuye'n khich phat trien cd sd giao due MNTT cdn han chd'. Cac doanh nghiep ddng trdn dia ban KCN, KCX cung chffa thffc sff quan tam thiTe hidn quy hoach, dau iff xay dffng
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trffdng, Idp mam non dap ffng nhu cau bffc thiet cua ngu'di lao ddng.
Trong khi do, ed sd vat eha't trffdng Idp mam non, chinh sach cho giao vidn va tre ehu ye'u dffa vao ngan sach nha nffdc va sff ddng gdp cua nhan dan dia phffdng. De xua'l nang Iffdng, bo sung thdm eae ehd' do, chinh sach eho giao vien mam non ludn can dffdc tinh loan, dat trong bdi canh can dd'i quyen ldi va nhu cau cua giao vidn eac bae hoc khac, nham giai quye't triet de bai loan khd ve phat trien giao due mlm non tai eae KCN-KCX trdn dia ban dia phirdng.
4. Mpt so'dl xua't giai phap
4.1. De xudt gidi phdp do'i vdi cdc CSGD mdm non
De phu hdp vdi dae thii cdng vide cua lao ddng tai cac KCN-KCX, cae cd quan cd tham quyen can ffu tien tang bien che' giao vidn d nhffng trffdng gin KCN-KCX de dap ffng ydu cau ve sd' Iffdng giao vien trong vide ehia ca td chffe giff tre ngoai gid. Cu Ihl, thay vi dinh bidn 2 giao vien/ldp, can thid't bd sung them mdi Idp 1 giao vien de cac giao vien bd' tri cdng vide theo kieu lech ca, dam bao ludn ed du 2 giao vidn/ldp, kd ca thdi gian giff tre ngoai gid.
Bdn canh vide dau tff vao cac Irffdng cdng lap, chinh quyen dia phffdng can dau tir, khuyd'n khich phat trien cac trffdng MNTT, dau tff ca ve cd sd ha tang lan chinh sach cho giao vidn, qua dd dap ffng nhu clu cham sdc giao due cho tre mam non trdn dia ban, dae bidt tai cae KCN-KCX. Tre hpe d cac trirdng MNTT can dffdc hffdng cac che' dd chinh sach nhff tre hoc trong cac cdng lap; hd trd lien bao hiem va hd trd Iffdng cho giao vidn cung can tao sff edng bang giffa mffc lirdng cua trirdng edng lap va tff thue.
Can tang cu'dng giam sat, dac bidt la sff giam sat cua edng ddng dd'i vdi nhdm Idp dde lap tu" thue ve boat ddng cham sdc, nudi day tre de tranh xay ra nhffng trffdng hdp dang tid'e. Tang cffdng dao lao trinh dp ehuyen mdn eho ddi ngu giao vidn mam non. Dong thdi, ihanh phd'cung can khuyd'n khich ngirdi dan md rdng cac diem trdng giff lie bao dam du tidu chuan theo quy dmh.
Ngoai ra, ehinh sach hd trd hidn nay mdi tap trung cham lo dpi ngu trffc lid'p giang day la giao vien. Trong khi dd, hoal dong cua cd sd GDMN can sff phd'i hdp cua nhilu Iffc Iffdng hd trd khac nhff can bp quan ly.nhan vien phuc vu, ca'p dffdng,
y te', bao vd, nhffng cac nhdm dd'i tffdng nay cung can dffdc quan lam dung mffc.
4.2. De xua't gidi phdp vdi chinh quyen dia phddng
TP. HCM can ffu tidn danh quy da't cho GDMN.
Ddng thdi, xay dffng ke hoach phat Irien GDMN trong dai han, dam bao quy md trffdng, Idp, sd tre/nhdm, Idp dap ffng nhu cau thffc Id'.
Do cac KCN-KCX lai TP. HCM dffdc hinh thanh tff khi thanh phd'chffacd eac chd'taicin thie't de budc nha dau tff phai xay dffng eac cdng trinh phuc vu ngffdi lao dong, trong dd ed trffdng mam non, do dd TP. HCM cIn khuye'n khich cac KCN- KCX hen ke't vdi cac nha dau tff khac hoac eac tru'dng mam non khu virc lan can de dap ffng nhu cau cua ngffdi lao ddng.
Tang cffdng chi dao cac nha diu tir xSy dffng khu nha d cho con em khu edng nghiep, day nhanh tie'n dp xay dffng eac edng trinh phuc ldi nhiT trffdng mam non, trung tam van hda, trung y tide dam bao an sinh xa hdi cho con em cong nhan lao ddng trong cac KCN. Can xay dffng cd che thdng thoang, khuyd'n khich eac td chffe, doanh nghiep dau tir md trffdng ngoai cdng lap, han che'viec md cac nhdm Idp dpc lap nho le tiem an nguy cd mat an loan cho tre...
Thire hidn nghidn cffu, ehi dao cho phep to chiJc giff ire ngoai gid tai eae inrdng mam non dffdc chpn thffc hien thi diem giff tre ngoai gid, dffa ra quy dinh cu the dam bao cac doanh nghidp thu'c hien hd trd kinh phi giff tre ngoai gid; xem xet chinh sach hd trd mffc tien hoc phi gffi tre ngoai gid dam bao tinh hdp ly; lao diiu kidn ea'p phep dd'i vdi cac cd sd mam non du diiu kidn nudi day tre va kidn quye't xff ly nghidm eae ed sd vi pham, de xay ra nguy hiem cho tre.
4.3. Mot sdde xud't khdc
Chinh phu can ban hanh nghi djnh triln khai ehinh sach uff dai ve dat dai, tin dung, thud' nham khuyd'n khich xa hdi hoa irong vide dau tff phai triln Irffdng, Idp mam non ngoai cdng lap tai cac KCN-KCX. Can "luat hda" trach nhiem cua cac DN, tranh viec chi van ddng, kdu gpi, khie'n hieu qua khdng nhff mong ddi.
Can xac djnh rd trach nhiem cua cd quan quan ly nha nffdc, cua doan ihl va cua nha diu Iff tff UM dai, vay vd'n, da't dai; chinh sach ddi vdi giao vidn hdp ddng trong cac cd sd GDMN.
Ban hanh chinh sach ffu dai chuyen biet danh
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cho cac nha dau lif vao linh vijre giao due va dao tao Thffc te, ngoai mffc thud' sua'l Ihu nhap doanh nghiep ap dung cho dff an giao due d mffc lirdng dd'i tha'p till cac dff an giao due chira dffdc hffdng hd trd dac biet nao trong qua trlnh dau iff nhff: hd trd vl tim kiem dia diem, vl cac thu tuc Cin cd quy dmh khdng chuyen ddi muc dich sff dung da't d sang da't giao due de thuc d^y phat irien giao due mam non ngoai cdng lap.
5. Kd't lu§n
Tff viec phan tich thu'c trang, chi ra cae ye'u td' thuan ldi va khd khan, nghidn cffu nay da ehi ra nhdm giai phap cho vide phat triln GDMN tai cac KCN-KCX trdn dia ban TP.HCM Cu Ihl nhff sau:
Giai phap vdi cac cd sd GDMN: Can lao ra sff can bang giffa cac cd sd mlm non cdng lap va ngoai cong lap. Tff che dp chinh sach cho hpc sinh ldi diu tir ed sd vat cha't va che' dp dai ngd cho giao
vidn; lang bidn che' giao vidn nham dap ffng nhu cau gffi Ire theo ca, gffi Ire ngoai gid cua lao ddng lai cac KCN-KCX.
Giai phap dd'i vdi chinh quyin dia phffdng: Uu tien danh quy da't cho giao due mam non; Xay dffng ke' hoach phat trien GDMN trong dai han, dam bao quy md Irffdng, Idp, so' tre/nhdm, Idp dap ffng vdi nhu clu thffc Id'; Ban hanh chinh sach thu hut dau Iff cho GDMN, mlu giao d cac KCN- KCX; Tao dieu kien ca'p phep dd'i vdi cac cd sd mlm non du dieu kidn nudi day tre va kidn quyd't xff ly nghidm cac ed sd vi pham, d l xay ra nguy hiem cho Ire.
Mdt so' eac de xua'l, giai phap khac: Can "luat hda" trach nhidm cua eae DN, tranh vide ehi van ddng, keu gpi khie'n hidu qua khdng nhff mong ddi;
Ban hanh ehinh sach ffu dai chuyen biet danh cho cac nha dau tir vao linh vire giao due va dao tao •
Bdi viit ndy nam trong khuon kho thiic hiin de tdi NCKH cdp Bg ma sdB2018.KHA34.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Trdn Cong Khanh, ThUc trang dam b&o cdc dich vu xd hdi ea bdn cho cdng nhdn, ngudi lao dong tgi cdc khu che xudt, khu cdng nghiep TP Ho Chi Minh hien nay vd phuang hudng phdt triSn cdc mo hinh cung dng dich vu xd hdi cho ngudi lao dong trong cdc giai doan tie'p theo, 2019.
2. Sd Gido due vd Dao tgo TP. Ho Chi Minh, Bdo cdo ve gido due mdm non d khu vUc co khu cdng nghiep, khu che xudt, 2019.
3. Chi thi sd 16/2015/CT-UBND ngdy 2/10/2015 cua UBND TP Ho Chi Minh ve day manh thuc hien cdc gidi phdp gidi quye't vdn di trUdng Idp mdm non d cdc khu cdng nghiep, khu che xudt.
3. Nghi dinh sd59/2014/ND-CP ngdy 16/6/2014 cua Chinh phu sita doi Nghi dinh sd 69/2008/ND-CP ve chinh sdch khuye'n khich xd hoi hda dd'i vdi cdc hogt dong trong linh vUc gido due, dgy nghe, y te, vdn hda, the thao, mdi trudng.
4. Quyet dinh 60/QD-TTg ngdy 26/10/2011 ciia Thi tUdng Chinh phu quy dinh ve Mot sd chinh sdch phdt trien gido due mdm non giai dogn 2011-2015.
5. Quy&'t dinh sd404/QD-TTg ngdy 20/3/2014 cua Thu tUdng Chinh phu phe duyet De dn ho tra, phdt trien nhdm tre doc lap tU thuc d khu vUc khu cong nghiep, khu che xudt de'n ndm 2020.
6. QayS't dinh sd31/2014/QD- UBND cda UBND TP. Ho Chi Minh ve chinh sdch ddu tu ddi vdi gido due mdm non vd che'dd hS tra ddi vdi cdn bd qudn ly, gido vien, nhdn vien thuoc ngdnh hgc mdm non tren dia bdn TP. Ho Chi Minh.
7 Quyi't dinh sd2318/QD-UBND ngdy 20/5/2015 cua UBND TP. Ho Chi Minh ve phe duyet Ke hoach tnen khai thuc hien De dn "Ho tra. phdt trien nhdm tre ddc Idp tit thuc d khu cdng nghiep, khu che xudt de'n ndm 2020 " tren dia bdn TP. Ho Chi Minh.
8. Thdng tU sd 09/2015/TT - BGDDT sda doi Dieu le trUdng mdm non kem theo Quyet dinh sd 14/2008/QD - BGD&DTdd duac sda ddi. bdsung tgi Thong tu sd 44/2010/TT- BGDDT vd 05/2011/TT - BGDDT do Bg trUdng Bd Gido due vd Dao tao ban hdnh.
TAP CHi CONG THIfdNC
9. Thong tuso!3/2018/rr-BGDDTtigay 30 tMng 5 nam 201S cua Bo trudng Bg Gido dttc vd Dao tao sCta dot.
bo sung Dieu 14 cua Quy che to chiic vd hoat dong trudng mdm non tu thuc ban hdnh kem theo Thdng tu so 13/2015/TT'BGDBT ngdy 30 thdng 6 ndm 2015 cua B6 trudng Bd Gido ducvd Ddo tao, cd hieu It/c ki lit ngdy 15 thdng 7 ndm 2018.
10. Vdn bdn hap nhat sd'06/VBHN -BGDDT ngdy 18/6/2018 ciia Bg trudng Bo Giao due vd Ddo tgo ve Ban hdnh quy che ti? chiic vd hoat dong trudng mam non tuthuc.
Ngay nMn bai: 7/10/2019
Ngay phan bifen danh gia va suTa chiJa: 17/10/2019 Ngay cha'p nhSn dang bai: 27/10/2019
Thong tin tdc gid:
PGS.TS. PHAM THI HUYEN ThS. HOANG NGQC VINH HANH Trtfcfng Dai hoc Kinh te'qud'c dan
THE SITUATION OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION IN INDUSTRIAL PARKS AND EXPORT PROCESSING
ZONES IN HO CHI MINH CITY
• Assoc. Prof. PhD, PHAM THI HUYEN
• MA. HOANG NGOC VINH HANH National Economics University
ABSTRACT:
Currently Ho Oii Minli City (HCMC) is implementing many policies to support and develop the preschool system. However, up to now, in industrial parks and export processing zones (IZs - EPZs) in the city, the number of public preschools only meets 15% of the demands. The article points out the main reasons leading to the inadequacies, which lead to the shortage of public preschool facilities in IZs - EPZs m HCMC. In that light, the article proposes solutions to develop early childhood education in IZs-EPZs to meet the needs of young workers in this area.
Keywords: Preschool education, child care, industrial-export processing zones, TP. Ho Chi Minh.
130 So 2 0 - T h a n g 11/2019