KHOA HOC-CONG N G H E . . S6 05/2019
Lfng dung phan mem SAP 2000 trong tinh toan thiet ke ket cau thep cdng true dang chQ C khau do 9.7m, tai trpng 25 tan phuc vu thi cong mo tru cau can
I TS. BUI THANH DANH - TrUdng Dai hoc Giao thdng van tdi
TOM TAT: Bai bao trinh bay torn tat cac ket qua nghien cuu, tinh toan thiet ke cong trye dang chu C phuc vg thl cong mo tru cau can, tu do dua ra cac de xuat, gi^i phap l<y thuat thiet ke va khai thac thiet bi nay,
T O KHOA: Tinh toan cong true d?ng chu C, cong true phgc vg xay dyng cau can, sd dung phan mem Sap 2 0 0 0 tinh toan ket cau thep cong trgc, cong true sd dung trong xay dung giao thong ABSTRACT; The paper presents a summary of the research results, calculates the design of C-shaped gantry crane for construction of tlie viaduct abutment From there, give suggestions and technical solutions to design and exploit this device
KEYWORDS: Calculates of C-shaped gantry crane, gantry crane for construction of the viaduct abutment, using Sap2000 for calculating structure steel of gantry crane, gantry crane using build transport
I . O A T V A N O i
Hien nay, ed nhieu phUPng phap dUOc sU dung de thi cong mdtru eau can nhung mdttrong nhdng phuong phap mang lai hieu qua cao dd la sUdyng cong true ehd C de thi eong, Khi ap dung loai eong true nay vao thi cdng cac eong trinh cau can se khac phuc duac nhUng dac diem khd khan khi thi cdng eae cau can d trong thanh phd nhU:
Dja hinh thi cdng chat hep, trong qua trinh thi eong van phai dam b^o sU luu thong binh thudng eua eae phuong tien giao thong, tien dp thi edng doi hdi nhanh. Do vay, viee tinh toan, thiet ke eong true loai nay de ap dung vao thi cdng cho eae cdng trinh cau can trong thanh phd d Viet Nam la rat can thiet. De cd the thiet ke dUoc thiet bj nay chung ta can p h i i hieu dupe eong dung, eau tao eua thiet bj de tUdd de ra dupc phuong phap tinh toan dung dan, sat vdi yeu cau lam viee thUe te cCia thiet bj. Cau tao cua cong true ehuc duoc trinh bay tren Mnrt hi.
1 - Cum di chuyen; 2 - Dai trgng: 3 - May phat dien; 4 - Cum toi nang:
5 - Chan cang; 6 - He cap di§n cho palang: 7 - Ca-bin dieu khien;
8 - Cau thang, 9 - H^ giang chan, 10-He giang giira dam chfnh vai Chan do; 11 - Dam chinh
Hinh 1.1: Tong the cong true chuC Cdng dung: Cong true diing de eau he edt thep va van khuon phue vu eho viec thi cdng mdng, than tru va xa mu eua try eau. Ddi vdi cac tru cau dUpc the hien tren Hinh 1.1, de tiet kiem thdi gian thao dd van khuon, lam cdt thep thi phan he van khudn, edt thep thudng dupe to hpp san thanh cac khdi sau do se dung cdng true chd C de eau cac khdi nay vao cac vi tri thl edng cua tru cau. Hai chan cong true (5) dupe bo tri cf phia trong hang rao ton ngan each vdi dudng giao thdng (eho phep tiet kiem tdi da mat bang thi cdng), dam chinh (11) cd chieu dai Idn hon chieu rpng eua xa mu (dam bao eho palang ed the cau, ha hang tai bat ky vi tri nao tren xa mu).
Nguyen ly Idm viec nhu sau: Cac khdi van khuon, cot thep dupe tap ket vao phia trong eua hang rao ton, phia trude cong true va doc theo chieu dai tuyen, eong true chU C se di ehuyen dpc tuyen nhd cum di ehuyen bang banh thep (1) dupe dan ddng nhd dong co dien cd
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KHOA HOC-CONG NGHE _
nguon dien tU may phat dien (3), khi tdi vi tri tap ket eua cac khdi van khudn, cot thep thi se sd dung cym tdi nang (6) de nhac lan luot cac khdi van khudn, cot thep sau do di chuyen va ha xuong eae v| tri eua try eau. Sau khi ket thuc thi eong 6 try thd nhat thl eae khdi van khuon, cdt thep se dupe cong true nhac ra khdi tru va di chuyen lui dan ve phia sau de thi cdng eae try tiep theo.
2.N6lDUNGTfNHTOAN 2.1. Xac dinh thong so ky thuat
Dua tren yeu cau cua mat bang thi cdng, y^u cau ve kich thude hinh hpc cua try cau, tai trpng hang nang cung nhu cac yeu cau dat ra khi lap bien phap thi cdng than tru, xa mu tru cau, tac gia da tinh toan lUa chon mot sd thdng so co ban eua edng trye nhU sau:
-Tii trpng hang nang: Q = 25 tan;
- Khau dd eong trye Lk = 9.7m, edng-xon hai dau Lex ^ 8.0 m;
-Chieu cao nang H^.^ =22m;
-Van tdc nang hangV . - 2 . 3 m/ph;
-Van tdc di chuyen xe tdi khi lam viecV^^- 12.5 m/ph;
-Van toe di ehuyen eong true khi lam viec V^^ -15 m/ph.
2.2.Tinh toan, thiet ke ket cau thep De tinh toan, thiet ke ket cau thep cua cong trye ehung tdi da sd dyng phan mem SAP 2000.
Ddi vdi mdi trudng hop tinh toan (tuong Ung vdi cac vj tri khae nhau cua tai trpng), trinh t u tinh toan nhUsau:
- Xay dung md hinh (xac dinh thdng sd hinh hpc, gan so bp chung loai vat lieu cho cae thanh);
- Xac dinh cae tai trong tae dyng va td hop tai trong tae dung len ket eau;
- Giai bai toan b^ng phan mem SAP 2000;
- Xac dinh cac vj tri nguy hiem trong cae thanh eua dan;
- Tinh toan kiem tra ben eho eae thanh (neu dat thi gid nguyen chung loai vat lieu, neu chUa dat thi thay the bang chung loai vat t u khac).
2.3. TrUcmg hop tinh
- Trudng hap 1: Tai trong tap trung P tae dung tai diem chinh gida dam chinh. Cdng trye ehju tae dyng cua lUc gid tac dyng len dam chinh va chan cong trye.
-Trudfjg/ipp2,-Tai trpng tap trung P tae dung tai chinh diem lien ket gida chan va dam chinh Cong trye chiu tac dung cua lUe gi6 tae dung len dam chinh va chan edng trye.
- Trudng hpp 3: Tai trong P tae dung tai dau edng- xon (each diem ngoai eung eua edng-xon mot doan 1=
1300mm), Cdng true ehju tae dyng eua lUc gid tae dung len dam chinh v i chan cdng trye.
2.4. Qng suat cho phep r 1 •'e
W = - (1)
Trong dd:s^ - Gidi han chay eua vat lieu ( N/mm^). Doi vdi vat lieu la thep SS400b hoac tuong duong (Q345, CT3...) cd s^
- 240 (N/mm^); n - He sd an toan. Ddi vdi cdng true dang xet, de tinh toan ben cho phan ket cau thep trong trUdng hop nguy hiem nhat la nang hang vdi tai trong Idn nhat, dong thdi chju ea tai trpng gid thi theo Tieu chuan TCVN- 4424-2005, tai lieu [6] gia tri n ^ 1.5
50
Vay, gia tri Ung suat cho phep: [CT] - — = -pr- = 160 (N/mm^). " ''^
2.5. Xdy dimg mo hinh tinh toan
Bai toan dupc md hinh hda trong phan mem SAP 2000 VI4. Md hinh nay dupc the hien tren Hinh 2.7:
Cong-jtoQChlndo
Hinh 2.1: Md hinh cong true dupc xay dung trong phan mem SAP 2000 2.6. Xac djnh stf bo kich thudc mat cit cfia cic k^
cau dien hinh
Can cU theo eae hUdng dan thiet ke trong t i i lieu [5,6] va hd sP ky thuat ve cong trye chij' C cua Cong ty Co phan San xuat -Thuong mai Dai DUPng [7], eie kich thudc cua nhdng ket cau cP ban duac the hien tren cac Hinh 2.2, Hinh 2.3, Hinh 2.4, Hinh 2.5.
10
1
H
10
U
Hinh 2.2: Mat cat Chan dd l-l, 11-11
Hinh 2.3: Matcit Chan do IV-IV
4
Hinh 2.4: Mat cat
dam ngang Ill-Ill Hinh 2.5: Mat cSt dim chinh V-V
K H O H nui_ - t-uiMLi n i j n c .
So 05/2019
-Kich thude m a t c i t chan dd 2000 X 1000 x 14 X 10 (mateSt M,ll-ll)
+ M6-men chong uon W_ = 4.039.10' (mm^) = 40390.10^ (mm'). M6-men chong uon W = 2.4.10' (mm^)
= 24000.10^ (mm'). Dien tich mat c^t F = 67440(mm^).
- Kich thude mat cat chan dd 4400 x 1000 x 14 x 10 (mateSt IV-IV).
-I- M6-men chong uon W^ = 1.245.10^ (mm^) = 124500.10' (mm^). Md-men chd'ng uon W - 4.752.10' (mm^) = 47520.10' (mm^). Dien tich rnat cat F 115440(mm').
- Kich thudc mat cat dam ngang 1500 x 650 x 14 x 10 (mat cat Ill-Ill).
+ Md-men chdng uon vi/_ = 3.052.10' (mm') = 30520.10' (mm'). M6-men ehdng uon w - 19.72.10^ (mm*)
= 19720.10' (mm'). Dien tich mat c i t F = 61360 (mm').
- Kich thude mat cat dam chinh 1200 x 600 x 20 x 8 (matc^tV-V).
+ Md-men chdng uon W^ = 1.826.10' (mm^) = 18260.10' (mm'). Md-men ehdng uon W =^ 8.427.10* (mm') - 8427.10^ (mm^). Dien tich mat c^t F = 47200 (mm').
2.7. Xac djnh tdi trong va cac to hap tdi trong tac dung len ket cau
* Tinh tdi:
- Tai trpng tap trung (do trpng lupng xe con + t i i trpng hang ning) tae dung len dam chinh vj tri d dau edng-xon, chan va d chinh gida dam;
P = (G^^ + kd. Q). (2) G,,. - Trpng lupng xe tdi; G_^= 2300 (kg); k^ - He sd
ddng; k^ = 1,25.
Q -Trong lupng h i n g ning. Q = 25000 (kg).
P = (G,^ + kd. Q) = (2300-t- 1.25.25000) - 33550 (kg)
= 335500 (N).
- Trong lupng ban than cua cac ket cau tUong dng vdi eae mat cat da diiac xac dinh so bd:
-I-Trpng lupng phan bd deu cua dam chinh: q,-2.35 (N/mm);
-I- Trpng lUOng phan bo deu eua cum chan: q^ ^ 4.68 (N/mm);'
+ Trpng luong phan bo deu eua cum dam ngang: q^
= 5.2 (N/mm);
-I-Trpng luong phan bd eua phan ddi trpng bang be tdng tac dyng len dam ngang (dam dau): q ^ ^ 8.49 (N/
mm); q^= 10,42 (N/mm);
+ Trong luong phan bd eua may phat dien tae dung len dam ngang: q ^ ^ 5.8 ( N/mm),
* Tai trong gid:
Ttii trpng gid tinh theo cdng thUe sau:
Pg=q.k.F(N). (3) Trong do: q - Ap lUc gid q = 250 (N/m') tra theo bang
2.1.2.4.1 tai lieu [6]; k - He sd dp rong k ^ 1; F - Dien tich hdng gid (m').
- Tai trong gid tac dung len ket eau (gid thol theo hudng vudng gde vdi dam chinh). Sau khi thay gia trj tiet dien hUng gid tUong Ung vdi cac ket eau eua dam chinh, chan cong trye ta ed gia tri sau:
+ Tii trpng gid tae dung len dam chinh: q^, ^ 0.25 (N/mm);
+ Tai trpng gid tac dung len chan cdng trye: c\^.^=
0.18 (N/mm).
*Td'/jpp (d/trpng;
- T o h p p t a i trong tae dyng len ket eau baog6m:Tii trpng ban than, tai trpng eua bd tdi nang, tai trpng gid, t i i trpng h i n g nang, tai trong dong do q u i trinh phanh ham h i n g va di chuyen cong true.
-To hpp bao gom: (Tinh t i i -nTii trpng gio) t i c dyng ddng thdi len ket cau theo hUdng bat Ipi.
2.8.Tinh npl lUc ket cau
Qua phan tieh 3 trudng hpp lam viee dien hinh cCia ket cau, t i c g i i nhan thay trUdng hop 3 ( t i i trpng tap trung P t i c dung tai dau edng-xon) la trudng hpp cd ndi luc Idn, do vay t i e gia sU dung gia trj noi lUc trong trUdng hPp nay de tinh toan kiem tra ben cho cac vi tri nguy hiem cua ket cau, Bieu do va gia trj ndi lue tai cac vj tri nguy hiem the hien nhu sau:
- So dd tinh Ung vdi trUdng hpp 3: Tii trong P tac dung tai dau edng-xon.
Hinh 2.6: Sado tinh ket cau khi chiu tii trpng tinh va tii trpng gid
51
KHOA HOC - CONG NGHE .
Hinh 2.7: Bieu do mo-men uon M, - Bilu do noi lUe vdi trUdng hop 3: Tai trpng P tac dung tai dau cong-xon:
Hinh 2. JO: Bieu do luc cat N
Hinh 2.9: Bieu do luc cat Q
2.9.Tinh toan kiem tra ben tai cac vi tri nguy hi^m
* Gii tri ndi lUe tai cac vj tri nguy hiem dUdc tong hop nhu sau:
Bing 2.1
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• TU ket qua ndi lue the hien trong Bdng 2.1 t i e gii nhan thay:
-H Ket cau dam ngang (phan tU 22) va dam chfnh (phan tU 14) chu yeu chiu uon theo hai phUOng 3-3 (x-x) va 2-2 (y-y). Do dd, can kiem tra theo dieu kien chju uon.
-H Ket cau chin dd (phan t d 01,10, 02 ehju uon theo hai phuong 3-3 (x-x) v i 2-2 (y-y) v i chju nen. Do do, can kiem tra theo dieu kien chiu uon + nen ket hop.
"Kiemtra ben:
- Doi vdi dam chinh (phan tU 14) va dam ngang (phan t d 22)
^"-;;7±^SK,] (4)
-HDOI vdi phan tU 14 (Doan edng-xon cua dam chinh):M^- -2166903253 (N.mm); M^ = 253500 (N.mm), W_
- 18260.10'(mm'); W = 8427.10' (mm').
M, M^, -2166903253 253500
18260 10' - ^ = -!18,7(N/mm') -H Ddi vdi phan t d 22 (Doan dam ngang):
M_- 3355657895 (N.mm); M =492510128 ( N.mm);
W_^ 30520.10'(mm'); W^-1972o'!lOMmm').
, M ^ ^ 3355657895 492510128 w^ 30520.10' 19720 10^ = 139.9(N/mm')
52
KHOA n y i . - c u n u iNunc _ So 05/2019
Ket /t/dn: Vdi vat lieu thep CT3, gia trj dng suat eho phep [s] = 160 (N/mm^) thl vdi cac trudng hpp tinh toan tren Ung s u i t tinh toan deu nhd hon Ung suat eho phep s^<[s].
- Ddi vdi c h i n dd (phan t d O l ; 10; 02) M M N
-h Doi vdi phantdOl (Doan cudi cua chan dd) M,= 4465489155 (N.mm); M^ = -247402826 (N.mm);
N^ = -803920 (N), W^ - 40390.10'Vm'); W^ = 24000.10' (mm');F^^67440(mm=).
4.465489155 -247402.826 -803920 „„ , Cn = 7—-I- ——- + = 88,33(N/mm-)
40390.10' 24000 10' 67440 + Ddi vdi phan t d 02 (Doan gida eua chan dd) M_=-4635228214 (N.mm); M^= -279096245 (N.mm);
N^= -883543 (N), W_= 40390.10''(mm'); W - 24000.10' (mm');F^ = 67440(m'm^).
-4635228214 _ -279096245 , -883543 67440
-139,46(N/ii 40390,10' 24000.
-I- Doi vdi phan tU 10 (Doan edng-xon cua chan dd) M^= -3187186287 (N.mm); M^= -449131426 (N.mm);
N^= -86498 (N), W_- 40390.10''(mm'); W - 24000.10' (mm^); F^ = 67440 (mm^).
-3187186287 - 449131426 -86498 „„ „ „ „ , , c„ = - r—+ - — + = -98,88(N/mm-)
40390.10' 24000,10' 67440 Ket ludn: Vdi vat lieu thep CT3( Q345, SS400) thi gia trj Ung suat cho phep [s] = 160 (N/mm') thi vdi cac trudng hop tinh toan tren dng suit tinh t o i n deu nhd hpn Ung suat cho phep s,,< [s].
3. KET LUAN
- Phan mem Sap 2000 R16 la phan mem phan tich, tinh toan ket cau de sU dyng v i cho eae ket q u i tinh toan tin cay, dupc Ung dyng trong nhieu linh vUc khae nhau, trong dd cd linh vUc tinh t o i n ket eau thep thiet bi ning ha.
- Qua p h i n tieh noi lUc dng vdi cac trUdng hpp lam viec thuc te cua cong true dang chd C t i c gia n h i n thay, trudng hop l i m viec bat ipi nhat la trUdng hpp nang - ha hang d diem gidi ban ngoai cung cua p h i n cong-xon eua d i m ehinh, do vay khi trong qua trinh sd dung cdng true can han ehe cae tai trpng dong phat sinh t i e ddng len ket cau trong trudng hpp nay (nang cao trinh dp cua thp dieu khien, ed the lap them he bien tan de dieu khien cho ddng CO nang va di chuyen pa-lang).
- Do khau do eua chan cong trye n g i n (9.7m) nhUng phan cong-xon cua dam ehinh lai Idn (1 = 8m), chieu cao nang Idn ( H^= 22m), cong trye lam viec ngoai trdi, vi vay de cong true hoat dong an t o i n thl ngoai viee kiem tra ben eua eae ket cau, theo t i e gia thi cong true cdn can phai duoc tinh toan kiem tra theo dieu kien ve dn dinh chdng lat.
- Cae ket q u i tinh t o i n thiet ke d tren da dupc chung tdi ehuyen giao cho lien danh nha thau Tokyu-Taisei khi thiet ke eong true phyc vu thi cdng mdtru cau ean thude gdi thau so 2 doan Mai Djch - NamThing Long,TR Ha Ndi.
Tai lieu tham khdo
[1 ]. PGS. TS. Nguyen Van Hop, ThS. Pham Thj Nghia,
TS. Le Thien Thanh (2000), May true van chuyen, NXB.
GTVT, Ha Noi.
[2]. LeVan Quy (1996), Cdhpcketcau.Trdclng Dai hoe GTVT, Ha Ndi.
[3]. Vu Dinh Lai, Nguyen Xuan LUu, Bui Dinh Nghi (2007), Stj-c ben vat lieu, NXB. GTVT Ha Ndi.
[4]. BUI DUC Vinh, Phdn tich vd thiet keket cau bdng phan mem SAP2000, NXB.Thdng ke.
[5]. Dao Trpng ThUdng, Tinh todn thiet kemdy true [6]. Tieu chuan Viet Nam, Thiet bi ndng: Thiet ke, che tao va kiem tra ky thuat, TCVN4244:2005.
[7]. Phan V i n Tuan, Bui Thanh Danh, Ho sa thiet ke cong true dang chCfC, Cdng ty Co p h i n Sin xuat - Thuong mai Dai DUPng.
Ngay nhan bai: 12/4/2019 Ngay chap nhan dang: 28/4/2019 Ngiiif'i phan bi^n: TS. Mai Vdn Tham
TS. Nguyen Quang Minh