To chufc va hoat dong cua chfnh quyen dja phUdng 6 CHDCND Lao
va Kinh nghiem cho Viet Nam
DANG VIET DAT*
Tom tdt: Ldo Id mot trong nhdng qudc gia dang thUc hien dUdng loi .xdy dUng xd hpi chu nghia. tien hdnh xdy dUng vd hodn thien .\ha rutdc phdp quyin xd hpi chu nghla, trong dd chinh quyen dia phuang Ldo tUp tuc dugc hodn thien. Kinh nghiem .xdy dung va hodn thien chinh quyen dia phuong Ldo rdt cd y nghla cho Viet Nam trong qud trinh .xdy ddng vd hodn thien chinh quyen dia phuang d ndde ta him nay.
Tit khoa: Chinh guycn dia phuong; Cgng hda ddn chu nhdn ddn Ldo; ViH Nam
1. Thi^c t i e n to chiic va h o a t d p n g c u a c h i n h q u y e n d i a phi^cfng L a o
Liio ed dien ticb 236.800 km-, dan sd 6.368.481 ngudi. gdm 49 bp tpc (nam 2015): ca nUde ehia thdnh 17 tinh vfi mot thii dd, ed 148 huyen va 8.753 lang"'. Hien phap ciia Lao nfira 2015 quy dinh chinh quyin dia phUdng cd 3 cap: cap tinh (thanh phd true thugc trung Udng), cfi'p huyen va cap lang (ban) vfi ed quan quyen life d dia phfldng (Hdi dong nhfin dant dflde td chflc d cac tinh. thanh phd trflc thupe trung fldng va cae lang (ban); Cd quan hanh chinh d dia phflcmg dfldc thanh lap d cap tinh (efic tinh va thanh phd trfle thude trung Udng), cap huypn (cae huyen, thi xfi va thanh phd thude tmh), cap lang (ban) (Dieu 76. 85. S6)-'
Trong nhflng nam qua. Dang va X'ha
nfldc Lao dfi van dung sfing tao nhCfng nguyen ly cd ban eiia chii nghla Mac Lenin ve nhfi nfldc de ciing cd va xfiy dflng chinh quyin dia phfldng d Lfio dap flng kip thdi yeu cau ddi mdi dfit nfldc Lfio, cu the nhfl sau:
Thd nhdt, dam bao vi tri, vai trd lanh dao vfi cam quyen cua Bang Cgng sfin dd'i vdi ehinh quyen cfie ea'p, bao gom ca ehinh quyen dia phfldng.
Xufi't phat tfl dac thu va hoan canh cu the each mang dfin tge, dfin chii nhan dan do Dfing Nhan dan Cfich raang Lao trflc tie'p lanh dao, qua thifc tien lanh dao va chi dao phong trao efich mang dfi xae dinh, xay dung chinh quyen dan ehu nhan dan]
do nhan dan lao dgng efic bg tge Lfio Ifim ehu, dudi Sfl Ifinh dao tuyet ddi eua Dang:
-Kien tri su lanh dao cua Dang, tfing cudng Sfl doan ke't thd'ng nhfi't trong Dang tren ep '^ Ths. Dang \iet Dat. Khoa Nha ndde va Phap luat. Hoc vi^n Chinh tri khu vuc IV
Dgng Viit Dgi - Td chdc vd hogt ddng cua chinh quyen dja phitong... 63 sd nguyen tfie tap trung dan chij vfi dUdng
ldi eua Dang"*'". Quan diem chi dao nfiy da dflpe the hien rd d Bieu 3 Hie'n phfip Lao nfim 1991 (siia dd'i, bo sung nfira 2003'^') vfi tiep tuc the hien d Dieu 3 Hie'n phap Lfio nfim 2015: "Quyen life eiia nhan dan cfie bg tpc Lao dupe thuc thi va dam bao thdng qua hoat dgng ciia he thd'ng chinh tri ma Bang Nhan dfin Cach mang Lao Ifi hat nhan Ifinh dao"'^'.
Tren tinh than do, trong hdn 30 nam qua, d chinh quyen eae cap, Bang vfi Nha nfldc Lao da thflc hien cd ehe nha't the hoa gifla chflc danh lanh dao ciia Bang va Nha nfldc, d trung fldng, Tong Bi thfl Idem Chu tich nfldc; d dia phfldng, Bi thu cap uy dong thdi la ngfldi diing dau cd quan hanh chinh nha nflde P dia phfldng (tinh trfldng, huyen trfldng, trfldng ban). Viec hdp nhfi't nfiy vfla thd hidn sfl thd'ng nhfit, tap trung eao trong Cd ehe "Bang Ifinh dao, Nhfi nflde quan ly", dong thdi giai quyel dUde thfle tien thie'u can bd, nhfi't la efin bg cdt can d Lfio'"^'. (Xera Bang 1)
Hdn nfla, viec kiem chflc gifla hai chfle danh bi thfl dang uy vdi tinh trUdng, huyen tnfdng, trudng lang (ban) the hien su"
thdng nhat trong boat ddng gifla cdng tac Dang va chinh quyen. Kiem nhiem gifla cP quan dang va ehinh quyen nhfim thu gpn dau md'i trong viec quye't dinh va trien khai cdng viee nhanh chdng, thuan tien hdn, khdng phai hpp nhieu lan, y kien bi thu va thu trudng ed quan hfinh ehinh khdng eham tre.
Thd hai, thifc hien nguyen tfic tap trung dan chii.
Thlun nhuan chii nghia Mac - Lenin.
trong qua trinh Ifinh dao each mang va Nhan dfin Lao, Bang Nhan dan each raang Lao ludn khfing dinh nguyen tfic tap trung dan chu trong to chflc, sinh hoat va hoat
dpng ctia Dang, trong to ehfle vfi hoat ddng eua Nha nude. Tai Bai hdi II eiia Bang Nhfin dfin each mang Lao (2/1972) khang dinh "Chinh qu\"en nhfin dan dUdc to chfle tap the, lam viec theo nguyen tfic tap trung dan ehii, ca nhan ehiu trach nhiera vfi ed sfl phan cdng nhiera \ij traeh nhidra cu the rd rang^^'. Tie'p tuc tinh than dd, Dai hdi IV ciia Dfing Nhan dan Caeh mang Lfio (1986) da de ra dUdng Idi ddi mdi tofin dien dat nfldc. trong dd ehi rd "Phfit huy dfin ehii tren nguyen tfic tap trung dfin ehu, lay dfin Ifim gde; tang cfldng hieu lflc vfio sflc manh cua he thdng chuyen chinh dan chu nhan dan"^*''. Tren tinh than dd, Nlifi nflde Lao da day manh \'iee hofin thien ehinh sfich, phfip luat nhfim phfit huy dan chii vfi quyen Ifira chii eiia nhfin dan efic bd tge, tao khdi dofin ket tofin dan vfi radt dan toe Lao thd'ng nhat; tfing cfldng hieu life ciia he thdng quyen life dan chu nhfin dan, dfla vfio sfle manh eua Hfin va vi dan, ehd'ng lai mpi benh quan lieu trong boat ddng eua quyen lflc nha nude. Hien phap Lao nam 1991 (sda ddi, bo sung nam 2001) hidn dinh tai Dieu 5 va tiep tuc dUde hie'n dinh tai Dieu 5 ciia Hien phap nam 2015: "Qude hdi, ehinh quyen dia phUdng va cfie cd quan nhfi nUde khae dUde thanh lap va hoat dgng theo nguyen tac tap trung dan chu"'^^'.
Theo quy dinh dd, trong to ehfle vfi hoat dgng cua chiiih quyen dia phfldng d Lfio, cap lang (ban) phue timg ca'p huyen, ea'p huyen phue timg cap tinh, ca'p tinh phue timg Trung fldng. Vi the, "Chinh quyin dia phfldng ed trfich nhiem tnfdc Chinh phu vfi cd quan quyen life d dia phfldng"'^''.
Thd ba, Phat huy dan chii xa hdi chii nghia.
Dan chii vfla Ifi mue tieu, vfla Ifi dgng life, vfla la ban eha't eua che do xa hdi chu nghia, vi "khdng cd ddn chu thi khong cd
.\ghu'n Cltu Bdng N'am .\. so i-f-yj^'^
STT
1 2 3
Chii^c d a n h Tinh trudng kiem bi thu Hu\en truong kiem bi ihi/
TrUdng lang (ban) kiem bi tha
So lutfng Tong Nu
18 0 146 9 .^ 753 25
So littfng ddn vi h a n h chinh 18 tinh (17 tinh va thiJ do \"ieng
Cham 14 huven 8.753 lang (ban)
Ty \q ('-r) 100 100 100 Nguon: Bd X6i vu Lao i'2015)'
chii nghia xd /id/''"'. Dan ehii x;i hpi chii nghia ehinh la nhfin dan tham gia vfio mpi cdng vipc eiia nhfi nude, dieu csin thiet khong phai chi Ifi cd quan dai bieu theo kieu elid dp dan ehu, mfi la toan bp vipc quan Iy nhfi nfldc tfl dfldi Ien phai do ban than quan chflng to chflc. quan ehung thfle sfl tham gia vfio tflng bfldc eiia eudc sdng va ddng vai trd tieh cflc trong viee quan Iy. ri the' nha nfldc xa hpi chu nghia phai la mpt cdng cu, rapt phfldng tipn, ddng thdi, la mpt bieu hien tap trung trinh dp dan chii cua nhfin dfin lao ddng. Dai hgi III cua Dfing (11/1986) k h ^ g dinh: "De hofin thien bp may to chflc nhfi nfldc dupe ehfic c h ^ vifng manh, trfldc het phai oing eo' cd quan Hgi dong nhfin dfin cac cap de trd thanh cd quan quyen lUc nhfi nflde eao nhfi't d cfip dd. Trong dd, cP quan quyen life nhfi nfldc moi cap ( .) phai gan gui Ifing nghe y kien ciia nhan dan"''"*'. Tuy nhien trong thflc tien, do cd che, phap luat ve td chflc chinh quyin dia phfldng chua hoan thien nen vide td chflc Hdi dong nhan dan cae cap ehfla duOc thUe hien kip thdi.
Mae du Hien phap Lfio nfim 1991 (siia doi, bd sung nfim 2003) dfi hien dinh: "Nha nude Cdng hda Dan ehu nhan dan Lao la Xha nude dan chii nhan dan. Ta't ea cac quyen life thupe ve nhan dan, [vfi dUdc thue
thi] bdi nhan dan va ri ldi ieh cua nhan dan cac bp tpc Lfio, bao g&m cac tang Idp trong xa hdi vdi ndng cdt Ifi giai cap edng nhan, ndng dan vfi tang Idp tri thfle""^^', nhUng trong bfin Hien phfip nay. Hdi dong nhan dan khdng dflde quy dinh trong to chflc vfi boat ddng eiia Chinh quyen dia phfldng, ehinh vi the tnfdc khi Hie'n phap Lfio nfim 2015 dupc ban hfinh thi "d CHBCNB Lfio khdng cd hdi dong nhfin dan cap tinh, huyen, xfi nhU d Vi^t Nam"*^^'. Quo'c hpi Lfio la cd quan quyen life tdi cao ciia Nha nUdc, cd dfit try sd d cae tinh vdi nhidm vu nfim bat tam tU, nguyen vgng cua nhan dan, theo doi, gifira sat boat dgng eiia chinh quyen dia phUdng trong viec thUe hidn quyin life eua nhan dfin. Theo Hie'n phap 1991 va Nghj dinh 102/CP ve quan Iy ban Ifing quy djnh nhfin dan chi dfldc quyin bau dai bi§'u Qud'e hgi vfi bau chpn trfldng lang (ban), edn chinh quyin quan ly hfinh chinh khfic nhfl cfi'p huypn, trah do cap tren chi dinh va bo nhiem. Vi the, cd che td chfle va boat ddng cua chinh quyen dia phfldng theo md Wnh nay khd dam bao thflc hien dan ehii, viec thflc hien y ehi, nguyen vgng ciia nhfin dfin d dia phfldng khd dflpc dfim bao trong thifc tien'^''.
Nhfim khfic phue tfl tfldng chii quan ndng vdi, tfl dieu kien edn kem phfit trien
Ddng Viet Dgt - To chifc vd hogt ddng cua chinh quyen dia phuong.. 65 eiia da't nflde, tai Bai hdi IX eua Bang
(3/2011). Dang Nhan dan Cfich raang Lfio nhan manh: "De boi dfip cho Nha nflde dan chu nhan dfin them vijfng manh, phai thflc hien phfldng chara nay thfle sfl: Xfiy dflng tinh thfinh ddn vi chien lUdc, xay dUng huyen thfinh ddn vi vifng manh tofin dien va xay dflng Ifing (ban) thfinh ddn vi phfit trien"*^^', thflc hi6n quan dilm nfiy, Hie'n phfip Lfio nfim 2015 tiep tuc hie'n dinh:
"Nha nfldc Lfio la mgt nha nflde dan chii nhan dan. Ta't ea cac quyen life thude v l nhan dan, [va dflde thflc thi] bdi nhan dan, vi ldi ieh ciia nhfin dfin efic bp tge Lao, bao gom efic ting Idp trong xfi hdi vdi ndng ed't la giai cfip cdng nhan, ndng dfin va tang Idp tri thfle"'^^', dong thdi trong Hie'n phap Ian nfiy da hie'n dinh che dinh cd quan quyen lflc nhfi nflde d dia phfldng (Hdi dong nhan dan) (Chfldng VIII gom 08 dilu, tfl Dilu 76 de'n 84), trong dd quy dinh rd, hgi d6ng nhfin dan dflde td chfle d cap tinh (cfie tinh, thfinh pho trflc thude trung flpng) vfi ca'p Ifing (ban) (Bilu ISp'^K
Thd tu, to ehfle bd mfiy h a n h chinh tinh gian, ggn nhe, phan dinh rd chfle nfing, nhiem vu
Theo Hie'n phfip nfim 1991 (sda doi, bo sung 2003), Lfio thflc hien chu trfldng tflng bfldc xofi bd chinh quyin ca'p xa de dfla cap lang (ban) trflc thuge cap huyen. Tinh than nay tie'p tue dflpe the hien trong Hie'n phap nam 2015. Tren thflc te, Ifing (ban) chinh la cap hfinh chinh tha'p nha't, gan nhan dan nha't, ehiu trfich nhiem gfinh vac rapi eong viec eiia nhan dan, vi the kip thdi Ifing nghe vfi giai quye't tam tu, nguyen vgng chinh dfing ciia nhan dan.
Trong nhCfng nfim qua, Nhfi nfldc Lfio dang tich eife thflc hien eai each hanh ehinh, tinh gpn bd may hfinh chinh nhfi nfldc. Trfldc nfira 2006, ca nfldc ehia thfirih
16 tinh, 1 t h a n h phd, 1 dae khu trflc thugc trung Udng idac khu Xay Sdm Bun); 142 huyen va 11.386 ban Ifing"-^'. Sau khi tinh hinh d dae khu on dinh trd lai, Bd chinh tri Ban chap hfinh Trung Udng Dang NTifin dfin Cfich mang Lao dfi ban h a n h Nghi quye't sd 13/BCT, ngay 13/1/2006 v l viec xda bd Ban chap h a n h Dang khu iiy vfi Cd quan h a n h chinh ciia Dae khu Xay Som Bun. Den Dai hgi DC ciia Dang nhan dan Cach mang Lfio nfira 2011, Qud'c hdi da ban h a n h quyet dinh thanh Ifip tinh Xay Sdm Bun. Vi the, hien nay ed 17 tinh va 01 t h a n h phd (Vieng Chan), 148 huyen va 8.753 ban lang'^^'. Cac tinh, thfinh cd tinh trudng, thfinh trudng, phd tinh trfldng, phd thfinh trfldng vfi vfin phdng tinh trfldng; cfie huyen ed huydn trfldng, phd huyen trfldng, vfin phdng huyen trudng; cfie Ifing (ban) cd tnfdng lang, phd trfldng lang giup viee. O efic efi'p dia phfldng thue hien che do bi thU kidm nhiem chd tich iiy ban nhfin dan.
Theo Hien phfip nam 2015, Hgi dong Nhan dfin ca'p tinh se dupe thfinh lap de xem xet vfi thdng qua efic van de ldn tai dia phUdng, ddng thdi giam sfit boat ddng ciia cac cP quan quyin life tai dia phUdng.
Hdi ddng nhan dan cap tinh cung se thdng qua cac ke' hoach phfit trien kinh te - xa hdi vfi ngan sach cua dia phUdng eung nhfl viee bo nhiem vfi each chfle efic tinh trfldng dfla tren de xua't ciia Thfldng trflc Hdi dong Nhan dan tinh. Dd'i vdi cac sd ngfinh dgc cung ed sfl thay doi theo sfl thay doi eiia cd quan ehuyen mon cap tren. Hien nay cfie sd nganh dpc tai dia phfldng (ca'p tinh) khdng giong nhau, mdt so tinh 18 sd vfi mgt sd tinh 20 sd va cd quan tUdng dUdng, tuy thude vfio dilu kien thifc te cda tinh;
ddi vdi cd quan true thude vfin phdng tinh eiJa mgt sd' tinh ed 4 - 5 phong.
Nghii-n cdu Bdng Num .A. so Jjy-]
Dfic biet. thUc hien theo chi thi sd 39CT-CP ngay 26 11^2007 vl vipc thi diem cai cfieh to ehfle bd may cap huyen trong pham vi tofin qudc, riec cai each bp mfiy cap huyen dflpc thflc hien theo hUdng phan ehia 3 loai huypn: huyen phat trien.
huypn dang phat trien va huyen ndng thdn, bg mfiy d 3 loai huyen ndi tren se khong hofin tofin gidng nhau tii\ thugc vfio dieu kien thUe te. Theo quyet dinh sd 03/QB-BCBN ngay 21/L/2009 cda Ban cai cfich td chfle bg mfiy nha nUde ve tieu ehuain moi loai, viee phan loai huypn trong efi nude nhfl sau: Bp mfiy cap huyen loai 1 bao g&m 25 phdng Urfl phdng quan dgi.
phong an ninb i va cac phdng trife thupe vfin phdng huypn; Bg mfiy cfi'p huyen loai 2 bao gdm 20 phdng (trfl phdng quan dpi, phdng an ninh) vfi cac phdng trfle thupe van phong huypn; Bd may cap huypn loai 3 bao gom 19 phdng (trfl phdng quan dpi, phdng an ninh) va cfie phdng trflc thupe vfin phdng huypn. Hien nay. thdng qua eupe eai cfich hfinh ehinh, ed quan hanh ehinh cap huyen dfi cd sfl eai thipn ve ca so lupng va chat lUdng. Viec tach va nhap huyen tren ca nfldc dflde tien hanh lien tue, neu nfira 2010 ea nflde cd 143 huypn, de'n nay sd huyen da tfing Ien den 148 huyen.
Nghi dinh sd 102'CP ngay 5/7/1993 ve vipc to chflc va quan ly lang (ban), trong dd quy dinh Bd mfiy hfinh ehinh cap ban bao gom: Ban kinh te, Ban vfin hda - xfi hdi.
Ban bao \ e an ninh. Chi thi sd 09/BCT.
ngfiy OS'03/2004 tap trung vao viec xay dung cum Ifing (ban) phat trien de gdp phfin phat trien kinh te - xa hpi vfi xda ddi giam ngheo d ed sd nhfim thflc hipn rauc tieu ehie'n Iflde xda ddi giam ngheo trong nfim 2015. To chflc nfiy dfi vfi dang tien hanh trien khai vao thflc te. cd chflc nfing
nhiem vu quan ly nhfi nflde, quan ly xfi hdi vfi gifl vCfng on dinh ve ehinh tri d cd sd;
mgt cum ban bao gom 10-11 Ifing (ban) tiiy dilu kien thfle te' ciia moi huyen. dOfng dau cum ban la cdng chfle ciia Nha nfldc, la huyen uy. Qufi trinh cai cfieh cd quan h a n h ehinh ca'p ban cung lara thay ddi sd' lUdng ciia ban tren ea nUdc. Neu nfira 2006 ca nfldc cd 10.292 lang (ban), den nay sd Ifing (ban) da giara xud'ng ehi cdn 8.753 ban'^^'.
Sfl thay ddi nfiy Ifi thanh cdng rat ldn trong viee thflc hien Nghi quye't sd 3 ciia Bd Chinh tri vl xfiy dflng ban trd t h a n h ddn vi phat trien. xay difng bfin Idn t h a n h Thanh thi nhd d ndng thdn; dong thdi sU thay doi cbn gdp phan vfio qua trinh phat trien kinh te - xfi hpi cae ban Ifing cd hieu qua, dera lai cudc sdng fi'm no, hanh phue cho nhan dfin tai cd sd.
Thdi gian qua, quan he phd'i hdp gifla cac cd quan trung fldng vfi cd quan hanh ehinh dia phfldng cung dflde quy dinh tfldng dd'i rd rang, dfic biet gifla 3 Hnh vfle'^': (1) lap ke hoaeh, dfl an va ngan sfich; (2) phdi hdp phe duyet ke hoach, ngan sfich; vfi (3) phdi hpp quan ly efin bg - edng chflc.
2. K i n h n g h i p m c h o Vipt N a m Thfle tiln to chflc vfi hoat dgng eiia ehinh quyin dia phfldng d Lao la bai hpc thara khao eho Viet Nam.
Mpt Id, ddi mdi phflong thflc Ifinh dao ciia Dang dd'i vdi Nhfi nflde, dac biet d cfie cap chinhh quyin dia phfldng nhfim tang efldng vai trd Ifinh dao eiia cap uy Bang ddi vdi chinh quyen dia phuong cae ca'p; day manh viec nhat the boa chflc danh Bi thfl cap uy vdi chu tich Uy ban nhan dan efic cap; hpp nha't cac co quan cua Bang vdi cac Cd quan chinh quyin dja phfldng ed chflc nfing tfldng dong nhu: Td chflc vdi Ngi vu, Kiem tra vdi Thanh tra.
Dgng Viet Dgt - Td chdc vd hogt ddng cUa chinh quyen dia phuong..
Heu Id, the che hda vfi nfing cao chat lUdng cae hinh thfle thfle hien Han ehiJ dai dipn vfi dan chii trflc tie'p, dac biet nhan dfin se bau trflc tie'p chfle danh chu tich iiy han nhan dan cap xfi vfi cap huyen. Be ngfldi dfin dfldc trflc tie'p bau chflc danh chii tich uy ban nhan dan cap xa, huyen thi quyen dan chii ciia nhan dan dflpc dam bao hdn, dUde thUe hien mgt each true tie'p hdn, gifira sfit ciia tofin dan ddi vdi ngfldi difng dau do minh bau ra se chat ehe hdn.
Thd ba, dam bao thflc hien td't nguyen tfic tap trung dan chii, dac biet trong cdng tfic xay dflng dpi ngu can bg efi'p chien Ifldc.
Can tie'p tue day manh viec cu the hda, the che hda nguyen tac tap trung dan chii thfinh cfie quy che, quy dinh, kem theo cac che tfii can thiet, cfing cu the cang tao dieu kien, tiln de thuan lpi cho viec de thue hipn va Idem tra, giam sat.
Thd tu, day manh eai each hanh chinh d cac cap chinh quyen dia phfldng theo hfldng tinh gian, gpn nhe, boat dpng cd hieu lflc, hidu qua; xay dung cd che va phap luat nhkm bd td' chflc Hgi dong nhan dan cap huypn; hoan thien cd che va phfip luat vl to ehfle ehinh quyen dia phfldng theo Hie'n phfip 2013, dfic biet phan dinh rd chflc nfing, nhiera vu, tham quyen gifla cfie cd quan, cac cap chinh quyen dia phfldng;
day manh phan cap cho ehinh quyen dia phfldng; td chflc chinh quyen dia phfldng phu hpp vdi thanh phd, ndng thdn, hai dao va dfic khu kinh te; nang cao eha't Ifldng boat dpng eiia chinh quyen cap xfi.
Thflc tiln to chflc vfi boat ddng cua ehinh quyen dia phfldng Lao da cho Viet Nara nhflng bfii hge quy bau, qua dd gdp phan vfio hoan thien quan diem, chii tnfdng eiia Dang vfi phfip luat ciia Nhfi nfldc ve to chflc va hofin thien ehinh quyen dia phUdng cfie cap trong giau doan hien nayV.
C H U T H I C H
1. Xdy dipig nhd niidc phdp quyin trong dieu kien phdt trien kinh ti thi trUang theo dinh hudng XHCX a CHDCND Ldo, Nxb.
Hgc vien Chinh tri va Hanh chinh qudc gia Lfio, nam 2014, tr.l59. dan theo Khfim Mon Chan Tha Chit (2016), Cdi cdch bp mdy hdnh chinh nhd nudc CHDCND Ldo, Lugn dn Tien si qudn ly cong, Hpc vi^n Hfinh chinh qudc gia, tr. 71
2. National Assembly (2015), Constitution of the Lao People's Democratic Republic 2015, pp. 17-18,20
3. Khfim Mon Chan Tba Chit (2016), Cdi cdch bp mdy bdnh chinh nhd nitdc CHDC- ND Ldo, Ludn dn Tien si qudn ly cong, Hgc vien Hanh chinh qudc gia, tr.76 4. Sd Ifldc lich sfl Dang Nhan dfin each mang
Lao, tr. 255-256, dan theo GS, TS. Nguyin Ngoe Long (2009), Chd nghd Mdc - Lhiin vdi van menh vd tuong lai cua chd nghia .vd hpl hihn thuc, Nxb. Chinh tri qudc gia, Ha Noi, tr. 313
5. National Assembly, Constitution of the Lao People's Democratic Republic 1991 with Amendments through 2003, Article 3, pp. 4 6. National Assembly (2015), tldd. Article 3,
pp.2.
7. Kham Mon Chan Tha Chit (2016), tidd, tr. 77.
8. Kham Mon Chan Tha Chit (2016), tldd, tr. 78.
9. Dan theo GS, TS. Ta Nggc Tan va GS, TS.
Kikeo Kbaykhamhithun (2015), Xdy dUng Nhd nude phdp quyen trong di&u kien phdt triin kinh ti thi tritdng dinh hudng xd hpi chu nghla d Viet Nam vd Ldo, Nxb. Ly luan chinh tri, Hfi Ngi, tr. 48.
10. Dang Nhan dan Cfieh mang Lfio (1989), Vdn kien Hpi nghi ldn thd 8 Ban Chdp hdnh Trung Uong khoa 4, dan theo PGS, TS. Phan Thanh Khdi (2017), Bdo cdo tong hgp kit qud nghien cdu de tdi Ca chi thuc hien ddn chu nhdm bdo ddm su on dinh vd phdt triin ben vdng che do chinh tri d Viet Nam, Hoc vien Chinh tri qudc gia Ho Chi
Nghien cdu Don-.; .\ani .1,
Minh. tr 79
11. -Vauonal Assemblv i20l5). ddd. Article 2.
pp. 2-3.
12. National National Assembly i2015i, tldd.
Article S6. pp. iO
13. Tap chi Cong san - Tap chi Cau Thi (20041.
Thuc hi^n dan chu a ca sd • Qua thUc tiin Vu'l .\'ai!i vd Trung Qudc. Ha Noi. tr. 10.
14. Dan theo GS, TS. Ta Xpnc Tan \a GS. TS Kikeo Kbaykhamhithun (2015), tldd. tr. -IS 15. National Assembly. Conslituttonof the Lao People's Democratic Republic 1991 with Amendments through 2003, Article 2, pp. 3 16. GS. TS. Ta X{;ac Tan vfi GS. TS Kikeo
Kliaykhfimhithun (2U15), tldd. tr. 274-275.
17. GS. TS Ta X^'uc Tan va GS. TS. Kikeo Kha> kliamhithun (2015), tldd. tr. 274. 27.") 18. Tai li^u Dai hpi Dang .Nhan dan each mang Lfio lan thfl IX. tr. 24. dan theo GS, TS. Ta Ngoe Tan va GS. TS. Kikeo Kbaykhamhithun (2015), tldd. tr 52.
19. National .A-scinhi> (20151. tldd. Article 2.
pp. 17-1S,20
20 National Assemblv (2015), tldd, Anicle 2.
p. 17
21.Kham Mon Chfin Tha Chit (2016). tldd. tr.
84-S5
22.Xay dung nhd nitdc phdp quyin trong dieu kien phdi triin kinh ti thi trUdng theo dinh huong .\HC\' a CHDCND Ldo, Xxb, Hoc vien Chinh tri va Hanh chinh qudc gia Lfio. nam 2014. tr.l59, dan theo Khfim Mon Chfin Tha Chu (2016). tldd, tr. 71.
23. Khfim Mon Chfin Tha Chit (2016), tldd, tr.
100-102.
24. Khfim Mon Chfin Tha Chit (2016), tldd.
TAI L I E U THAM KHAO 1. Ca\-x6n Phomvihfin 11997), Tuyen tdp
(tieng Lao). Hpc rien Chmh tri - Hfinh chinh qudc gia L;u).
2. Khfim Mon Clifin Tha Chit (20161. Cdi
cdch bp mdy hdnh chinh nhd nUdc CHDC- ND Ldo, Lugn dn Tiin si qudn ly cdng.
Hgc rien Hanh ehinh qudc gia.
3. Dang Cgng san \'iet Xam (2016), Van kien Hui nghi ldn thU tU Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang khoa XH. Xxb. Chinh tri Qudc gia.
Ha Xoi
4. Dang Cdng san \"n>t X.im, Nghi quyit s6 26-NQ/TW ngdy 19105:2018 Nghi quyit Hpi nghi Idn thd Bdy Ban chdp hdnh Trung Uong khda XII ve tap trung xdy dung dpi ngd cdn bp cdc cdp, nhdt Id cdp chicn lugc, dli phdm chdt, ndng lite vd uy tm, ngang tdm nhiim vu
5. Xay dung nhd nttac phdp quyen trong dieu kien phdt tnin kinh ti thi trudng theo dinh hudng .XHCN a CHDCND Ldo. Nxb.
Hoc vi^n Chinh tri vfi Hanh chinh qudc gia Lfio, nam 2014.
6. PGS. TS. Phan Thanh Khoi (2017), Bdo cdo tdng hgp ket qud nghien cdu di tdi Ca che Ihi/c hien ddn chu nhdm bdo ddm sU on dmh vd phdt triin ben vdng chi dp chinh tri d Viet Nam, Hgc vi?n Chinh tn qudc gia Ho Chi Minh.
.. GS. TS. Nguyen Nggc Long (2009), Chu nghd Mdc - Limtn vdi van m^nh vd tucmg lai cua chd nghla xd hgi hien thuc, Nxb.
Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Ngi.
8. National Assembly, Constitutionof the Lao People's Democratic Republic 2015.
9. National Assemhly,Consiitutionof the Lao People's Democratic Republic 1991 with Amendment.^ through 2003.
10. GS. TS. Ta Ngoe Tan va GS. TS. Kikeo Kbaykhamhithun (2015), Xdy dung Nhd nudc phdp quykn trong dieu kien phdt tnen kinh ti thi trudng dinh hudng xa hoi chu nghla d Viet Nam vd Ldo, Nxb. Ly luan chinh tn. Ha Ngi.
11. Tap chi Cgng sfin - Tap chi Cau Thi (2004),r/ii&. hien dan chu dcusd-Qua thUc tien Viet Nam va Trung Qu6c, Hfi Noi ' 12 GS. TS. Pham Hong Thai (2009), Quykn luc nhdn ddn vd quyin luc nhd nude qua cac Hien phdp. Tap chi Khoa hoc Dai boc Quoc gia Hfi Xoi. Luat hoc so 25
