CHUYEN G i A 0 ~ ^ ^ ^ ! ! 3 ! E ! T ^ B
THIET BI TAP THE DUC TICH HOP LOC NlTdC HO
ThS. Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh KS. Ngo Minh Due Vien Nude, Tudi tieu vd Mdi trudng Tom tat: Trudc nhu cdu xic ly nude hd bi d nhiem de cd dugc mdt mdi trudng trong lanh vd nhu cdu tap the due xung quanh hd ciia ngudi ddn, nhdm nghien ciru Vien Nude, Tudi lieu vd Moi trudng dang trien khai nghien cuu vd che tao mdy tap the due cd khd ndng tdn dung duac sire ngudi tap the due de loc sach nude hd. Mdy tap van hanh dan gidn, ndng cao sire khoe ciia ngudi ddn, vd thu hut su tham gia ciia ngudi tdp vao viec lgc nude hd, bdo ve moi trudng Tir khoa; Xir ly nuac ho, mdy tap the due, tdn dung sice ngicdi, bdo ve mdi trudng.
Summary: With demand of lake water treatment for the fresher environment and people's demand in doing exercises, our group has been researching and producing a system of gym machine that can utilize energy from exercise to clean lake water. The machine with simple operation will improve the people 's health and attract people to participate in -lake water treatment and environment protection.
Keywords: Lake water treatment, g)'m machine, utilize energy from exercise, environment protection.
1. G I 6 I T H I E U C H U N G
H I CO vai tro quan trpng trong khong gian do thi ciia Viet Nam, ho vira diiu hoa khi hdu, giam ngap kit trong miia mua, vua la khong gian ly tudng cho cac hoat dpng the due the thao nang cao site khoe cua ngudi ddn trong cac thanh pho.
Tuy nhien hien nay do tac dong ciia rdt nhieu nguIn thdi vao h i nen chdt lugng nude h i suy gidm. Cdc thanh phdn 6 nhiem trong ho nhu COD, BOD5, NB/, NO3"... CO hdm lugng vupt quy chudn cho phep nhieu lan. Cac chdt 6 nhiem nay thucmg gdy ra hien tugng phu dudng, 1dm giam lugng 6 xi hoa tan trong nude, dnh hudng den ddi song ciia cac loai thiiy sinh trong h i , tao dieu kien cho cdc phdn ung yim khi gdy miii kho chiu lam xau canh
Ngudi phan bi?n: TS. Le Xuan Quang Ngaynh^n bai: 04/11/2013 Ngay thong qua phan bien: 20/2/2014 Ngay duy?t ddng: 06/5/2014
quan do thj vd anh hudng den sire khoe con ngudi [2,4].
Viec quan ly cac nguon thdi vdo cac ho rdt kho khan nen viec nen chii yeu Id diing cac bien phap xir ly true tilp de nang cao chat lugng nude ho. Da co nhieu du an cai tao va xu ly nude ho, tuy nhien, hieu qua vdn chua cao d i n g thdi hdu nhu chua c6 du an xu ly nude h i nao huy dpng dugc su tham gia ciia cpng ding ngudi ddn - mot yeu to rdt quan trpng de CO t h i dan tdi thdnh cong cua du an ve Idu dai.
Mat khac, hien nay ddi sing ciia ngudi ddn Viet Nam da dugc nang cao va nhu cdu the due till thao ndng cao sue khoe ngay mot tang.
Khong gian ven h i thudng la noi ly tudng dl tap thi due. Cang ngay cang co nhieu ngirdi dan di tap t h i due buoi sdng, buoi chieu ven cdc h i , cac cong vien. Trudc nhu cdu ciia ngudi ddn, H6 Chi Minh dd dau tu Ihi diem mo hinh Idp ddt cac dung cu tap the due mien phi cho ngudi dan nhu may chay bp, may xoay
TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E THUY LOI SO 22 - 2014 87
I CHUYfeN G i A 0 ~ ^ E n 3 M l M
bung, xoay tay... cho nguoi dan sit dimg tai 4 cong vien nhu cong vien Gia Dinh, 23/9, Le Van Tam, Tao Dan, va ciing la 4 cong vien diu tien ap dung loai hinh nay. Mo hinh nay giiip nguoi dan khong phai dang ky phong tap.
Tap trong diiu kien khong khi trong lanh thoang mat da thu hut r4t nhieu nguoi dan tham gia va nhan dupe phan hoi tich cue ciia ho [5].
Voi thuc tiin tren, chiing toi nay ra y tuong biin nang lugng tap thi due thanh nang lupng lam sach nuac hi thong qua may tap the due tich hop voi may bom qua he thong loc nuoc.
Nguoi tap thi due vira eo the nang cao siic khoe eua minh, vira tham gia true tiip xit ly chit lupng nuoc hi, ding thcii tiet kiem nang lupng hoac cac chi phi ve nang luang de bam nude hi qua he thong xu ly. Qua do nhan thirc dupe trach nhiem cua hp vai viee bao ve moi truong.
Thiit bi tich hpp giai quyet 2 nliu ciu thiet yeu ciia cpng dong do la nhu cau ve the due the thao, nhu cau ve mot moi truong sach dep
xung quanh khu vuc luyen tap va ca 2 nhu cau nay diu huong din viec duy tri siic khoe lau dai cho chinh ban than nguoi tham gia tap luyen ciing nhu toan cpng d6ng.
Y tuong da dat giai cupc thi Eidea do Hpi ding Anh va LRQA tai trp di thuc Men thu nghiem. Vai kinh phi dupe cap nhom thuc hien da chi tao dupe 4 may tap dugc lip dat tai 1 h i cua TP Ha Npi
II. NGUYEN LY HOAT DONG CUA THIET BI
2.1. Thiet bi
Thiit bi bao gim 2 phin: la may tap thi due va he thing Ipc (hmh 1).
2.1.1. May tap the due
Bao gim cac dung cu tap dpng tac bang tay va chan vcri cac chuyen dpng tr5n - dap xe, chuyin dpng len, xuong - keo, day. Cac may tap nay dugc tich hgp vol bam co hpc, nuoc hi dugc bom vao be Ipc. Khi nguai tap sir dung may, chuyen dpng may se qua he thong truyen chuyen dpng khien cho bom boat dpng.
bp piia
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Chuyen dgng ciia khong khi Chuyen dong ciia
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Hinh I. Nguyen ly hogt dpng ciia todn he thong
2.L2. Beloc
Be loc gom cac cap Ipc tho thong thudng, dac biet CO su dung cdy co kha nang hdp thu chat 6 nhiem trong nude, day la cong nghe thdn thien
vdi moi trudng. Loai cay nay con cd hoa dep de dam bao my quan tren ho. Trong trudng hgp noi dat du an thieu dien tich tren bd, toan bp be Ipc cd the dugc thiet ke noi tren mat ho,
88 TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E THUY LOI S 6 22 - 2014
dam bao my quan cong vien. Nude ho khi qua h? thdng lgc se dat tieu chudn theo yeu cdu.
2.2. Nguyen ly hoat dQng
Khi ngudi tap sir dung may, nang lugng trong hoat dpng the due se dugc tan dung dl bom nude tir ho b: d nhiem vao he thing Ipc. Nude bam len se dugc phan phdi deu nude tren bl
I CHUYEN GIAO ^ A I M c i J M r ^
mat vat lieu loc, tao mat thoang dl oxi hoa mpt so ion kim loai nang cd trong nude nhu Fe^"^, qua cac Idp Ipc se loai ddn chdt 6 nhilm. Cac loai cay cd kha nang hap thu cac chdt 6 nhiem dugc trong Idp tren dl hdp thu cac chdt 6 nhilm dpng tai Idp vat lieu Ipc. Nude ddu ra dat tieu chudn nude mat cho phep (QCVN 08:2008 cot Bl).
CAY CHUOI HOA
^ k^ J K^ J U ; Phao
Hinh 2. He thdng loc
III. KET QUA DAT DU'OC SAU QUA TRINH NGHIEN ClTU VA THU'C HIEN Nhom thuc hien da thiet ke vd san xuat dugc 4 may tap ket hgp vdi bam nude. Cong sudt dat den 4 m^/h, va 2 be Ipc. Trong do:
+ May tap the due la may chay bp, giiip ngudi tap van dpng todn co the.
+ Bom nude dugc ket hgp vdi may tap: Vdi thiet ke hien nay, cong sudt cua bom den 4m^/h.
+ B I ipc vdi cac Idp Ipc theo thiet ke, sir dung
thuc vat CO kha nang Ipc nude, day la mot cong nghe than thien vdi moi trudng.
Cac thiet bj thu nghiem ban ddu da dem lai hieu qua nhat dinh ve mat moi trudng vd xa hpi, thu hut su quan tdm ciia cdc to chirc nhu Sd Tdi nguyen moi trudng thanh pho Ha Npi, Hpi sinh thdi va trong rimg thanh pho Hd Npi vd nhieu ngudi ddn.
Cac may dugc san xudt vdi tinh ndng ban chdn dap vd chuyen dpng tay cho phep ngudi t;lp co the van dpng toan thdn, tdng cudng sire manh cdc CO bdp.
TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E THUY LOl S6 22 - 2014
I CHUYEN G i A 0 ~ ^ E I ! 3 ! B i I ^ Ben canh do, chung toi kit hgp thanh cong bo plidn bom voi may tap de tan dung ndng lugng cua ngudi sir dung de bom nude vao be loc.
Cong sudt Idn nhdt ciia bom eo the dat la 5 m /h.
Ldy mdu va do mpt so thong so nude ddu vao (nude ho) va nude dau ra (nude sau Ipc) cua he thong cho thdy nude ddu ra cd dp due gidm 110 lan so vdi trudc loc (giam tir 38,65 NTU con 0,35 NTU), pH giam tir 7,64 xuong 6,49; tong ran hoa tan giam tir 156 ppm xuong con 130 ppm.
Trong thdi gian nghien cuu che tao may, cac mdy da dugc dua ra ngodi ho thuc te (ho Cong vien Bach Thao) va lap ddt tai Ho Dam Bong 3 thdng tir thang 7 - thang 9/2012 (do hpi Cuu Chien binh thdnh pho Ha Npi qudn ly) de thu nghiem va dugc su tham gia gop y rat nhiet tinh ciia cpng dong. So lugng may lap dat tai ho Ddm Bong la 04 may tap va 2 be Ipc. Doi tugng sir dung thiet bi la nhimg ngudi di tap the due ven ho ke cd ngudi gid, phu nir, tre em... Tat ca nhirng ai yeu thich the due deu co the tham gia sii dung. Ngudi tap vira co the nang cao sire khoe cua minli, vira tham gia true tiep xir ly chdt lugng nude ho, dong thdi tiet kiem ndng lugng hoac cdc chi phi ve nang lugng de bom nude ho qua he thong xii ly. Qua do nhan thuc, trach nhiem ciia hp vdi viec bdo ve moi trudng se ngay cang dugc ndng cao. Du an da nhdn dugc
nhiing y kien phan hdi tich cue nhu:
+ Du an cd muc dich rdt tdt, cac cdng vien tai Ha Npi ciing nen cd cac dung cu tap the due miin phi nhu trong TP Ho Chi Minh. Ngudi ddn rdt ung hp du an va mong mudn du dn triln khai de co may tap the due.
+ May tap cdn phai dugc cai tien them ve mau ma cho dep hon va muc dp nang nhe cua may da dahg hon de phii hgp vdi cac lua tuoi va cdc nhu cdu tap the due khac nhau.
Chinh nhd cac y kien gop y khi lap thir, may da dugc hodn thien ban trong giai doan sau.
IV. KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI Thiet bi tap the due tich hgp loc nude ho qua qua trinh nghien cdu vd thit nghiem hoat dpng tot va hieu qua. He thong may la giai phap thdn thien vdi mdi trudng, dam bao sdc khoe cho cpng dong va bao ve moi trudng nude cho cac ho, song, kenh, trong do ven bd cac thuy vuc CO khong gian cho cac hoat dpng giai tri, thu gian va luyen tap the thao cho cpng dong.
Trong tucmg lai c6 the ung dung nude Ipc dam bdo cho cdc muc dich khac nhau (phu thupc he loc) nhu nude tudi cay xanh, nude be boi nen ciing CO the thich hgp vdi cac cong vien, cac khu vui choi gidi tri, cdc bl boi, khuon vien khach san, resort.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[1] Nghien cim bien phap sir dung he thuc vat trong xir ly nude thdi, thi nghiem lira chpn mot si loai thirc vat ban dia trong xir ly nude thdi nong thon, ThS Hodng Thu Thuy, Vien Khoa hoc thiiy lgi Viet Nam, 2009
[2] Bao cao Lay mau, phdn tich va ddnh gia chdt lugng biin day hi H6 Me, ho Bay Mau va chdt lugng nude ri bim tai bdi dl Biin Yen My, Nguyen Thi Nggc Anh, 2010
[3] Bao cdo de tai "Vudn hoa loc nude tren hi B52", SV Nguyen Thj Ngpc Anh, gidi thudng phat minh xanh Sony, Cong ty Sony Viet Nam, 2007
[4] Bao cdo danh gia tac dpng moi trudng Du an Thodt nude nhdm cdi tao moi trudng Ha Npi - Giai Doan 2, Vien Ky thuat nude va Cong Nghe Moi trudng, 2005
[5] Website http://giadinh.vnexpress.net/tin-tue/to-afn/cong-vien-hut-khach-nho-may-the-duc- mien-phi-2272242.html
TAP CH( KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E THUY LOl S 6 22 - 2014
I M'l'li'lJi'MII M
MOT SO HINH ANH VE HE THONG
Hinh 1: Su hdo hung cua ngudi ddn khi sic dung mdy
Hinh 2: Lap ddt mdy tai ho Ddm Bdng, pho Trdn Dien- Hd Npi
Hinh 3: Be lgc vd cdp phdi nude
TAP CHl KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H ^ THUY LOI S6 22 - 2014 91
