Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
CO KHI HOfi CONG TfiC N6P MJN t r o n g cac Id k h o a n nho
TUAN NGAN
, ,, (Theo tap chi Ugolsd 03/2010) For the development trend, coal mining works has to be mechanized in all technological links at high level. However, so far, in the mining flowsheets, the drilling and blasting method has been applied to extract coal from the seams. The paper refers to the mechanization in the charging works for boreholes
Theo xu hudng phat triin, c6ng nghe khai thac than se d i n tilp can mCrc dp ca khi hda d i n g bp d mCpc cao trong t i t ea cac khau cong nghe khai thae than. Do dd, pham vi ap dyng phuang phap khoan n l min d l khai thac than se han c h l d i n . Tuy nhien, hien nay, mpt trong nhQ'ng edng nghe khiu than ca ban v i n la dung phuang phap khoan n l min d l tach than. Trong khai thac h i m Id cae khoang sang dang via, thdng thudng cac khii thulc n l dugc nap vao cac 16 khoan nhd hoac 16 khoan Idn. Tuy theo loai 16 khoan duge nap n l , ngudi ta cd phuang phap n l 16 khoan nhd va phuang phap n l 16 khoan Idn. L6 khoan nhd la 16 khoan c6 dudng kinh Idn han dudng kinh thdi thulc no khoang 10% - 15%. Trong nganh cdng nghiep than, thdi thulc tieu chuan cd dudng kinh 36mm, u'ng vdi dudng kinh eua cae 16 khoan nhd 42mm. Gan day, ngudi ta co xu hudng SLP dung rpng rai cac 16 khean nhd cd dudng kinh ldn han, tdi 45, 55, 65mm. Vi$c tang dudng kinh 16 khoan nho cho phep giam s l 16 khpan va rut n g i n thdi
gian khoan guang Id. Chilu sau Id khoan nhd thay d l i , tCr 1,0m + 5,0m. Ld khoan Idn la Id khoan cd dudng kinh 75mm ^ 300mm, chilu sau 16 tCp lOm-^ 30m hoac Idn han nQ'a (din 50m). Phuang phap n l min lo khoan Idn dugc SLP dyng rpng rai d cac md Id thien hoae md quang.
Cong tac nap min trong eae 16 khoan nho g i m cac c6ng doan sau day: Vet sach phoi ra khdi 16 khoan, nap cac thdi thulc no va phuang tien n l vao 16 khoan, nut l l khoan (nap bua).
Khi n l min trong cac 16 khoan nho, ngudi ta SCP dyng loai thulc n l da d6ng thanh thdi. Sau day se m6 ta phuang tien ea khi h6a qua trinh nap min eho cac l l khoan nho dung cho loai thulc n l ddng thdi.
P h i biln nhlt la phuang phap dung khi nen d l nap thulc n l da ddng thdi vao cae 16 khoan nho. Cd nhilu loai may nap min dung khi nen, hinh 1 gidi thieu c l u tao cua may nap min khi nen. Thdi thulc n l da dugc dat trong dau nap (1) sap che nd d phia sau I n g d i n khi nen (6). Sau
dd md khi nen mpt thdi gian n g i n lam chp pittong (2) ehuyin len vj tri tren va khi nen di qua van hinh (L) vao d i u nap. Dudi tae dyng eua khi nen, thdi thulc n l dugc d l y manh vao 16 khoan qua I n g nap (3), d i u I n g t h i i (5) cd ludi dao, nhd t i c dp kha Idn, thulc n l duge nen chat trong l l khoan. Qua thyc t l ap dyng loai may nap nay trong san x u l t eho t h i y : khi nap loai t h u l c n l ed dudng kinh 32mm vao cac Id khoan cd dudng kinh 50mm da dat dugc mat dp nap t h u l c tdi 0,92 + 1,02 g/em^ eao han 10 + 15% so vdi khi nap b i n g tay.
Vien Gipronikel da c h l tao loai may nap min dung khi nen cd c l u tao kiiu hop. Khi chilu dai I n g nap 1,5m -^
2,0m, ap s u i t khi nen 5,0 ^ 5,5 at, t i r dp d l y cua thdi thulc ra khoi | n g t h i i la 10 ^
12 m/s, dam bao mat dp nap min trong l l khoan tdi 1,0 ^ 1,15g/em^
Su' dyng may nap min dung khi nen cd c l u tao hien dai khdng nhu-ng cho phep ca khi h6a qua trinh nap min vap 16 khoan nhd ma c6n tang hieu qua n l min mpt each rc ret. Do SU' dyng may nap min, mat dp nap thulc n l tang len, lam tang hieu s u i t lo khoan va c h i t lugng pha da.
May nap min dam bap giam ehi phi lap dpng va tang t i c dp dao 16.
Viec nap bua chp 16 khpan cQng duge eg khi hoa bang may. May nap bua dung khi
KHCNM s o 5/2011* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
nen. May nap bua bang khi nen thye c h i t la mpt khi cy phun cat. May nap bua e6 t h i chia lam hai lcai: Lpai nhe va loai nang.
- Loai nhe e6 khii lugng d i n 16 kg, dung cat cd ca hat 0,1mm -i- 3,0mm lam vat lieu bua. Nhd may nay cd t h i nut tCp 3 -^ 4 Id khoan nhd ma khong phai nap them cat vao may.
- Loai nang c6 t h i nut mpt t l hgp lo khoan nhd gdm tCp 20 -^ 30 Id khoan nhd eung mpt luc. Hinh 2 la may nap bua dung khi nen lpai nhe.
May g i m co binh hinh try (1), day (2), n i p (3) gan I n g (4).
N i i va g i n n i p vdi binh bang ban l l (5) gan khda (6) .Khi nen duge ehuyin qua I n g (7) va dugc dilu chinh bang van (8). Khii lugng may nap bua khi chua chCra vat lieu nap la 6 kg, t h i tieh 3,8 lit, may nap bua ehp l l khoan nap b i n g eat I m .
May nap bua loai nang cd t h i tieh binh chu'a vat lieu lam bua khoang 0,047m^
Su- dyng each nap bua cho Id khoan bang khi nen nang cao dugc tinh an toan va hieu qua cua cdng tac nap va n l min. P h i n bua cua Id khoan tao ra SCPC
khang d l i vdi ap lyc khi sinh ra khi n l k h i i t h u l c n l , do dd su' dung d u g c nang lugng n l n h i l u hgn d l tach va dap va than hoae d i t da.
Quy pham an toan ngan elm viec n l min khdng nap bua chp lo khoan, vi khi khdng nap bua, mpt phan khii thulc n l se bj hd, r i t d l e6 t h i gay n l metan va n l byi.
Trpng md h i m 16, ngudi ta thudng dung hdn hgp g i m e6
3 phan set va mpt p h i n cat la vat lieu bua. Ngpai ra, n l u SLP dyng may nap bua dung khi nen thi eat I m cung la vat lieu lam bua d l l l khoan t i t (a mpt s l nude, ngudi ta SLP dung rpng rai bpt mun da d l lam vat lieu bua).
May nap min da dugc c h l tao va ap dung p h i biln a cac nude cd n i n cdng nghiep than phat triin nhu: Nga, Ba Lan va mpt s l nudc khae de phye vy ccng tae nap min trong cac l l khoan nhd ed chilu dai Idn. Dac biet, dugc SLP dyng rpng rai va cd hieu
trung binh d i n day, d i e d i n d i e dCrng, cac md vung Quang Ninh dang ap dyng p h i b i l n sa d l cdng nghe khai thac chia Idp ngang nghieng (hpac chia Idp bang) v a l a d l cdng nghe khai thac 16 dpc via phan t i n g . Mpt trong nhCrng nhuge d i l m Idn n h l t cua cac loai hinh cdng nghe nay la chl tieu met Id chuin bj cho 1000 t i n than khai thac la r i t Idn. Khi SLP dung cac loai thilt bj neu tren trong cdng tac nap n l min, se tang kha nang pha n l phin than giQ'a cac phan t i n g khai
Hinh 1. May nap min dung khi nen loai nSllJ -1
••'•-S
Hinh 2. May nap bua dung khi nen cua BHUHOMLUC qua trpng ccng nghe khai thac
b i n g 16 dpc via phan t i n g khi chieu cao phan t i n g ldn.
6" nudc ta, d l khai thac cae via than cd chilu day
thac. Day la mpt trong cac giai phap quan trpng d l nang cao chilu cao giQ'a cae phan tang nham khlc phuc ton tai cua cac sa d l cdng nghe./.
KHCNM s o 5/2011* CNKT HAM LO
