Nguyen Thi H6ng Van, Quach Thi Hue. Cue dien khu vuc An Do Du-ang - chdu A - Thdi BJnli^i^^f}^
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Cue dien khu vuc An Do Duong - chaa A - Thai Binh DuoTig va nhu-ng tac dong den djnh huong hoat dong cua ASEAN
NguySn Thi Hong Van*, Quach Thi Hue**
*, * * Hoc vien Chinh iri Quia gia H6 Chi Mmh
Ngdy nhan bdi: 13/8/2019. ngciy gm plum hien: 10/12/2019. ngciy diiyel dang: 10/01/2020
T^u&c vdo the ky 21, cue dien the gi&i dang cd nhimg thay ddi, vd ddng chit y nhdt la sic -LJ chuyen dieh khdng gian canh tranh quyen luc sang khu vuc An Do Duang - chdu A - Thdi Binh Duang. Khu vice ndy dang chieng kiin su ndi len ciia cdc cuang qudc khu vice m&i, su hien dien ngdy cdng ro ret eiia nhimg dai chiin luae, nhieng canh iranh, ddi ddu, nhiing cudc thuang chien chua tieng cd trong lieh sie.. Trong khdng gian ndy, ASEAN vai tu cdch Id td chicc khu VU'C l&n nhdt, giie vai trd trung tdm trong ca che hop tdc, xdy dung edu trite khu vuc. Vi vgy, ASEAN thu hid su quan tdm cua nhieu qudc gia tren the giai khi mudn tim kiem su hgp tdc trong khu vuc ndy ddc biet Id cdc nu&c l&n vd cdc td chirc todn cdu. Tuy nhien, cdu trite khu vue dang dinh hinh tgi An Do Duang - chdu A - Thdi Binh Duang dang chiea dung nhimg vdn de l&n tac ddng den cue dien khu vuc vd todn edu. Bdi viet trinh bdy nhimg net chinh Irong cue dien khu vuc An Do Duang - chdu A - Thai Binh Duang, nhieng tdc ddng den dinh hu&ng hogt ddng cua ASEAN vd khuyen nghi cho Viet Nam Irong bdi cdnh khu vice vd hoat ddng ciia ASEAN.
Tu khda: ASEAN, An Dp Duang - chau A - Thai Binh Duong, dinh hudng boat dpng
Mdf dSu
Trong hai muai nam dau the ky XXI, thg gidi chiing kien sy dieu chinh dang kl trong ddng luc phat trign ciia ngn kinh te loan cau. Trong khi khdng gian chau Au - Dai Tay Duang chim vao chu ky khung hoang kinh te thi An Do Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duong lai bung tinh, du dia ngudn lyc cho phat trign nhu dugc khai phdng. Sy ndi Ign ciia nhung "ngudi khong l6" kinh te mdi nhu Trung Qudc, Nhat Ban, An Dg, Han Qu6c,... ciing vdi sy van ddng phuc tap cua thii' bac quygn lyc la dac trung ca ban cua trat tu khdng gian quyen luc dang dinh hinh hien nay trong khu vyc rdng Idn nay. Dg nam quygn chi phdi tam anh hudng va cliiem vai trd trung tam trong san choi quyen lyc nay, cac nudc ra siic chay dua siic manh, loi leo tap hpp lyc lugng, gia tang anh hudng dl thilt lap luat le, chii ddng nam quyen trgn ban cd quygn lyc An Dp Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duong.
Nghign Cliu An Dp va Chau A. 86 2 - 2020, tr.52-59 52
Nguygn Thi H6ng Van, Quach Thi Hue. Cue dien khu vuc An Dd Duang- chdu A- Thdi Binh Ducmg...
ASEAN ngay cang khang djnh vi the nhu mgt chu thg chlnh trong trat tu quyen lyc khu vyc.
Thdng qua dd, tam quan trgng cua ASEAN trong viec djnh hinh cau triic khdng gian quyln lyc khu vyc ngay cang dugc bieu hien ro rang.
1. Cue dien khu vyrc An B o Du'ciig - chau A - Thai Binh Duo-ng
Vdi sii'C ndng eua mpt trung tam kinh tg nang ddng nhat toan cau va la san chai canh tranh quyen lyc chinh trj ciia cac cudng qudc, tai khu vyc An Dp Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duang dang hinh thanh mdt cue dien mdi vdi nhij'ng dac trung co ban sau:
Mot Id, vg chinh trj, day la khu vyc tap trung 3 trong 5 iiy vign thudng tryc Hpi dong Bao an Lien Hgp Qudc (Trung Qudc, My va Nga), 7/10 cudng qu6c quan su hang ddu thi gidi (Trung Qudc, My, Nga, An Dp, Nhat Ban, Cgng hda Dan chii Nhan dan Triiu Tign, Han Quoc). Ve kinh tg, khu vyc nay cd sy hien dien cua 3 nen kinh te Idn nhat thg gidi la My, Nhat Ban va Trung Qudc, 7/8 nen kinh tg phat trign nhanh nhat, long san pham qudc npi (GDP) ciia 21 nudc thanh vien Dien dan hgp tac Chau A - Thai Binh Duong (APEC) chiem 57% GDP toan cau, khdng dinh vj the dien dan hgp tac kinh te quy md hang dau khu vyc (Bg Cong Thuong Viet Nam, 2017).
An Dp Duang chiem tdi 1/9 hai cang, 1/5 lugng hang hda xuat nhap khau thg gidi va chigm 1/2 luu lugng van chuygn container hang nam ciia toan the gidi (Mach Quang Thang, 2018).
Chau A - Thai Binh Duang chigm 40% tdng dien tich lanh thd, chiem gan 2/3 (65%) dan sd loan the gidi, 60% muc tang trudng toan cau vao nam 2017 (Phuang Nga, 2019) va cd nhieu tuygn dudng giao thdng bign quan trpng bac nhat thg gidi. Day la khong gian hgp tac rdng Idn, vdi tiem nang da dang nhu ngu6n lao ddng d6i dao, thj trudng san xudt va tieu thy rat Idn, nguon tai nguygn thien nhien phong phii d Trung A, khu vyc Viin Ddng ciia Nga, Dong Nam A, Uc, Canada; cdng nghe cao va kinh nghiem quan ly tir My, Nhat Ban.
Hai Id, khu vyc nay chua dyng sy pha trdn da dang ciia cac he tu tudng chlnh trj doi nghich nhau, nhung tranh chap ianh thd phuc tap, nhung dau an ljch sir chua ngudi ngoai, nhung thay ddi Idn ve kinh te, can can quygn lyc dang chuygn djch, va cac nen van boa mang nhieu mau sac khac biet. Sy bat dn trong cac mdi quan he giua Nhat Ban, My, An Do, Trung Qu6c, Nga, Bac Trigu Tign, Han Qudc, Dai Loan va cac qudc gia Dong Nam A se la mot thach thuc cho an ninh chinh tri trong khu vyc.
Ba Id, su phan chia quygn lyc khdng ddng dgu trong san chai dia kinh te - chinh tri eua khu vuc nay dan den tinh trang dau tranh quygn lyc ngay cang phiic tap. Cac cudng quoc da Iham gia vao thg che khu vyc vdi nhu'ng toan tinh khac nhau nhung dgu xuat phat tir myc dich tap hgp lyc lugng. Trong bdi canh kinh te dang trd thanh ygu to quyet djnh sue manh quygn lyc, hgp tac phat trien kinh te la uu tien hang dau nham chay dua quyen lyc tai khu vyc va tren thg gidi. Cac cudng qudc dgu xac dinh lay sii'c manh kinh tg de khang dinh vj the chinh tri khu vyc va lam be phdng khang djnh quygn lyc tdng the trong trat tu the gidi. Digu nay khien cho nhu cau tang cudng hgp tac kinh tg va tim kigm ddng minh ngay cang manh me va phirc tap. Ben canh do, trong tam anh
Nghien cuu An Dp va Chau A. So 2 - 2020, tr.52-59 53
Nguyen Thi Hong Van, Quach Thj Hue. Cue dien khu vuc An Do Duang - chau A - Thdi Binh Duffng- hudng ciia minh, cac cudng quoc dua ra nhung luat |g dl kilm soat quyen luc kinh tl, biln hien ro ret nbdt la cudc chiln thuang mai My - Trung hien nay. Sy tac ddng hu'u ca giu'a canh tranh kinh te va xay dung cau triic an ninh chinh trj ngay cang phuc tap va chua phan tuyen theo trat ty khu vyc, cd the ddn dgn nguy ca xung dot cao. Cho den nay, vdn chua tbl xac dinh dugc cau true quyen lyc trong khdng gian An Dp Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duong theo cac md hinh don cyc, ludng cyc hay da cyc. Nguyen nhan chinh ciia van de nay la do sy canh tranh quyln lyc trong khu vyc dien ra phuc tap va chua kgt thiic.
2. Tac dong cua boi canh khu vue ddi vdi dinh huong phat trien cua ASEAN 2.1. Vai tro trung tdm cda ASEAN
Khu vyc An Dp Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duang hien dang ton tai cac the che da phuong, trong dd ASEAN ddng vai trd trung tam. Vdi muc dich xay dyng long tin, thuc day hgp tac thdng qua doi thoai, tir khi dugc thanh lap cho tdi nay, ASEAN da gdp phan tich cyc vao viec duy tri hda binh, an ninh trong khu vyc vdn co nhigu diem ndng, tiem an nbu'ug bat dn. Cho den nay, hinh anh va vj thg cua td chiic ASEAN ngay cang dugc khang djnh, dinh cao la viec dugc cdng ddng quoc te cdng nhan la mdt trong nhiing td chiic da phuong thanh cdng nhat (Bp Ngoai giao VietNam).
Hau hit cac nudc Idn d chau A - Thai Binh Duong dgu tham gia cac ca che cua ASEAN nhu Dien dan khu vyc ASEAN (ARF), Hgi nghi Bg trudng Qudc phong cac nudc ASEAN md rgng (ADMM+), Hgi nghi ASEAN vdi cac doi tac (ASEAN+), Hgi nghi cdp cao Dong A (EAS), Hgi nghi thugng dinh An ninh chau A (Ddi thoai Sangri La)... va coi day la "bd khung" de xay dyng cdu triic an ninh khu vyc chau A - Thai Binh Duang. ASEAN cimg chii trpng cac co chg an ninh khu vyc khac, nhu: Ddi thoai Shangri-La, Hdi thao An ninh chau A - Thai Binh Duong (APSEC), Thda thuan Qudc phdng nam nudc (FPDA)... ASEAN thiic day md rgng lign kgt va kgt noi ra toan khu vyc Ddng A ndi rigng cung nhu chau A - Thai Binh Duo'ng noi chung thdng qua cac sang kign khu vuc.
ASEAN ddng vai trd quan trpng trong vice giai quyet nhu'ng van dg xuygn qudc gia. Tuygn bd Bang Cdc (nam 1967) va Tuygn bo Ba-li (nam 1976) da xac lap cac nguygn tac ngn tang cho quan he hgp tac bgn vu'ng ciia ASEAN. Tren c a s d c a c Tuygn bd ciia ASEAN, nam 2010, ASEAN da ky Nghi djnh thu vg Co chg giai quyet tranh chap ciia ASEAN phii hgp vdi boi canh mdi.
Xu hudng hgi nhap kinh tg ciia cac ngn kinh te da va dang trd nen manh me ke tir thap ky 1990. Sy ra ddi ciia hang loat cac Hiep dinh Thuong mai Tu do (Free Trade Agreements - FTAs), md hinh ASEAN+ va hudng tdi Cgng dong Ddng A dang la xu the chi phdi trong khu vyc. Kg tu nam 2002 dgn nay, tdc dp tang trudng ciia cac FTAs khdng he cd dau hieu cham lai ma tham chi cdn ngay cang nhanh ban. Neu nhu nam 1991, chau A mdi chi cd 8 FTAs thi tdi nam 2004, con sd nay tang vpt Ign ! 32 FTAs va den thang 11/2013 da cd 261 FTAs. Rigng trong nam 2013 cd tdi 113 FTAs da ky va cd hieu lyc, 22 FTAs da ky nhung chua c6 hieu lyc, 62 FTAs dang dam phan,
Nghign Cliu An Dp va Chau A. So 2 - 2020, tr.52-59 54
Nguyen Thj H6ng Van, Quach Thj Hue. Cue diin khu vuc An Do Duang- chdu A - Thai Binh Duang...
13 FTAs da ky ket Hiep dinh khung, 51 FTAs de nghi xem xet va nghien cii'u. Diln hinh nhu Viet Nam, trong sd 16 FTAs ma Viet Nam dang lien ddi, cac FTAs vdi Nhat, vdi Uc - New Zealand deu thdng qua ASEAN (2017) (Vd Dinh Tri, 2017). Dang chii y nhdt la Hiep djnh D6i tac Toan dien va Tien bg xuyen Thai Binh Duang (CPTPP, tiln than la TPP) co hieu lyc til' 30/12/2018 (cd hieu lyc tai Viet Nam tii 14/1/2019); Hiep dinh Thuang mai Ty do (AHKFTA) cd hieu lyc tai Hong Kdng, Lao, Myanmar, Thai Lan, Singapore va Viet Nam tir 11/6/2019; Hiep djnh Thucmg mai Ty do Viet Nam - EU (EVFTA) cd hieu luc tii 30/6/2019 (Trung tam WTO va Hdi nhap, 2019). ASEAN cung la thanh vien sang lap Dien dan Hgp tac Kinh te chau A - Thai Binh Duang (APEC). ASEAN la td chiic thu hiit sy quan tam dau tu kinh te chiln luge cua cac cudng qudc.
My ludn col trgng va iing hd vai trd trung tam ciia ASEAN trong cdu true Ddng A va chau A - Thai Binh Duong, khang djnh ASEAN la ddi tac kinh tg quan trpng ciia My, cam kit tilp tyc ho trg ASEAN xay dyng Cong ddng va triln khai Sang kiln kit ndi ASEAN - My. Vdi Trung Qu6c, ASEAN dugc coi la khu vuc quan trgng de Trung Qudc thyc hien chign hrgc can bang vdi My tai chau A - Thai Binh Duong trong Sang kign "Vanh dai. Con dudng". Vdi chinh sach "Dan chim nhan bay hudng vg chau A", Nhat Ban da thanh cong trong viec thiet lap quan he kinh te vdi eac nudc ASEAN trong the ky XX va dang thiic ddy ban nij'a trong the ky XXI. Viec thyc hien chlnh sach "Hanh ddng phia Ddng" ciia An Dp va chinh sach "Quan lam den chau A nhieu ban" cua Uc cQng la nhii'ng minh chimg sdng ddng the hien tam quan trgng dang len cua ASEAN trong the ky XXI.
2.2. Boi eanh khu vuc dnh hiedng idi dinh hu&ng phdt trien ciia ASEAN
Diing trudc mgt khu vyc An Dp Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duang dang noi len nhu mdt trpng tam kinh te, chinh tri, quyen lyc loan cau vdi ddng luc tang trudng manh me, Tam nhin ASEAN 2025 se tiep tyc ciing cd va lam sau sac hon Cdng ddng ASEAN, dua ASEAN trd tbanh mpt td chuc hgp tac khu vyc md cd miic dp lien ket sau rdng hon, doan kgt, thdng nhat va cung cd vai tro trung tam. ASEAN xay dyng cac muc tieu xuyen suot, gan ket va bd trg giu'a ba tru cdt la chinh tri - an ninh, kinh te va van hda - xa hgi. Tinh den het nam 2019, ASEAN da bude sang nam tbii tu va la giai doan giii'a ky trign khai Tam nhin ASEAN 2025, thdng qua Kg hoach tdng thg Ket ndi ASEAN (MPAC) 2025 va Kg hoach cdng tac giai doan 3 Sang kien Hgi nhap ASEAN (lAI). Nam 2019, ASEAN da dat dugc mpt sd ket qua dang khich le tren ca ba try cot Cdng ddng.
Theo Bao cao ciia Tdng Thu ky ASEAN trinh Cap cao ASEAN 34, thi ASEAN da va dang trien khai 258/290 ddng hanh dgng trong Ke hoach tdng thg Cdng dong Chinh trj - An ninh, 154/157 uu tien ciia Ke hoach tdng the Cpng ddng Kinh tg, thuc hien 954 hanh ddng cua 109 bien phap chien luge trong Ke hoach long thg Van hoa - Xa hdi. Tang trudng kinh tg cac nude thanh vien tiep tuc on djnh (Manh Hiing, 2019).
Nam 2019, ASEAN tilp tuc day manh hgp tac va lien ket theo tinh than "Thiie day quan hi ddi tdc VI su ben vung" trgn ca sd phat huy nhung ket qua dat dugc cae nam trudc do. Cac uu tign cu thi de triln khai chti &k cua nam gom: Vi chinh tri - on ninh, nang cao nang lyc ciia ASEAN
Nghien ciiu An Dp va Chau A. So 2 - 2020, tr.52-59 55
Nguyen Thj Hong Van, Quach Thi Hue. Cue dien khu vuc An Do Duong - chdu A - Thdi Binh Dtrong- XU ly cac thach thu'c an ninh nhu khiing bd, tgi pbam xuygn qudc gia va an ninh mang; tang nang lyc ngoai giao phdng ngira, thuc ddy hgp tac quan ly bign gidi, hpp tac bien, hgp tac ngoai giao va qudc phdng, an ninh bin vung... Vi kinh ti, tap trung vao s6 hda ASEAN, thich ung vdi each mang cdng nghiep 4.0, tang cudng ket noi, thuan lpi hda thuang mai, djch vy, ddu tu, phat triln kinh tl bin vung, hoan tdt dam phan RCEP, gdn kit cac sang kiln kit ndi trong khu vyc. Ve vdn hda - xd hdi, thiic day hgp tac hudng din ngudi dan va dam bao an ninh con ngudi thdng qua cac chuang trinh hgp tac ve phiic lgi xa hdi, bao ve mdi trudng, quan 1^* thign tai va img phd vdi bien ddi khi hau, thiic day giao dye sudt ddi, de cao ban sdc van hda ASEAN, thiic ddy hgp tac thich ung vdi gia hda dan sd, phat trien nguon nhan luc dap ung vdi yen cdu ciia cudc each mang cdng nghigp 4.0 (Manh Hiing, 2019).
Bgn canh do, ASEAN tiep tuc trien khai chinh sach ddi ngoai rgng md. Cy the la: ASEAN va EU da nbat tri vg nguygn tac nang cap quan he len Ddi tac chien luge (lai Hdi nghi Bp trudng Ngoai giao ASEAN - EU lan thir 22, thang 1/2019); tieh cue trign kbai cy thg hda quan he Doi t^c chien luge vdi Nga (nang cap dip Cap cao ASEAN - Nga tbang 11/2018), td chiic thanh cdng cac boat ddng trong khudn khd Ngay ASEAN - Nhat tai Viet Nam (thang 6/2019); tich cyc chuan bj cho Cap cao ky niem 30 nam quan he ASEAN - Han Qudc (thang 11/2019); trign khai hgp tac theo chu dg Nam truyen thdng ASEAN - Trung Quoc 2019... ASEAN da thong qua Tai lieu Quan diem chung cua ASEAN vg An Do Duong - Thai Binh Duong, nhat la hoan thanh van ban dy tbao dau tign cua Bp Quy tac ung xii" trgn Bien Dong (COC) tai Hgi nghi Ngoai trudng ASEAN vacac nudc ddi tac tir ngay 29/7 dgn ngay 3/8/2019... Day la c a s d de phat huy kha nang tu cudng va vai trd trung tam ciia ASEAN trong bdi canh gia lang canh tranh chign luge giu'a cac nudc Idn.
Tuy nhign, ASEAN van phai ddi mat vdi nhieu thach thirc tir ca bgn trong va bgn ngoai, nhu:
miic dp gan ket, hieu qua boat ddng ciia bd may cdn han che, tinh hinh ndi bd cac nudc thanh vien cdn nhieu phuc tap ciing vdi tac ddng ciia cudc canh tranh chien luge giua cac nudc Idn va han che trong kha nang giai quyet cac van de tac ddng dgn khu vyc... Mdt trong nhQ'ng van dg ma ASEAN dang phai ddi dien dd la tranh chap tren Bien Ddng - "digm ndng" ve an ninh va dn djnh ciia khu vyc An Do Duang - chau A - Thai Binh Duang. Cac van de nhu linh hinh Bang Rakhine, Myanmar, Bien Ddng... van la digm ndng thu hiit sy can du ciia bgn ngoai vao khu vyc, la nguy CO thach thuc sy doan kgt, thong nhat va vai tro trung lam ciia ASEAN. Sy gia tang canh tranh, cp xat giii'a cac nudc Idn, mdt mat tao du dja cho ASEAN, nhung mat khac, cung dat vai trd trung tam ciia ASEAN va cac ca che do ASEAN dan dat trudc nhung thach thirc mdi. Lien kit kinh tl npi khoi ASEAN cdn Idng Igo, tign trinh dam phan Hiep djnh Ddi tac Kinh te toan dien khu vyc (RCEP) cdn khd khan.
De tang cudng hieu qua ung phd, ASEAN can xay dyng cac lien minh khdng ehinh thiic mdi giii'a cac nhdm nudc thanh vign de trien khai cac sang kign kinh tg va an ninh. ASEAN cung thiic ddy da dang cac quan he ddi tac vdi cac td chii'c khu vyc va tai chinh nhu EU, Ngan hang Ddu tu Co sd ha tang chau A (AIIB) de cd cac ngudn lyc phat trien. Trong bdi canh canh tranh giua cac
Nghien ciiu An Do va Chau A. S6 2 • 2020, tr.52-59 56
Nguygn Thi H6ng Van, Quach Thj Hue. Cue diin khu vuc An Dd Duang - chdu A - Thdi Binh Duang...
nudc Idn, ASEAN tang cudng vai trd trung tam cua minh trong khu vyc An Dp Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Ducmg rdng Idn hon, tang cudng quan he chat che hem vdi Nhat Ban, An Dp, Australia, EU... de tao them khdng gian chign luge cho ASEAN trong quan he vdi My va Trung Qudc, bao dam cho mdt sy "can bang nang ddng" trong khu vyc.
3. Viet Nam trong xu the phat trien cua A S E A N va khu vifc
VietNam xac djnh ASEAN cd vai trd chien luge quan trgng dl bao ve lgi i'ch quoc gia - dan tpc vg an ninh, phat trign va nang cao v| thi ddt nudc. Chang dudng hon 20 nam dong hanh cung ASEAN cung gan vdi nhung dau mdc quan trpng trong tign trinh hdi nhap khu vyc va qudc tl ciia Viet Nam. Cdng ddng ASEAN se tigp tuc mang lai nhung co hpi va lgi ich cho Viet Nam vdi quy mo Idn hon va thiet thuc ban. Khi ASEAN ddn tiln tdi cac hinh thuc lign kit cao ban, VietNam can tan dung vai trd ciia ASEAN de nang cao vai trd trong cac lien ket da phuong, sti dung lgi the dd Iain ddn bay thiic day sau sac hon quan he song phuong cua Viet Nam vdi cac nudc. Ben canh do, cac thach thuc VietNam phai ddi mat cGng nhigu ban va true tiep hon.
Trong xu thg hpi nhap va tang cudng lien ket, Viet Nam da cd nhiing dong gdp dang kg vao thanh cdng ciia ASEAN, nhat la gdp phan quan trpng vao viec sdm trien khai Tam nhin Cgng dong ASEAN 2025. Viet Nam da chu ddng dua ra nhigu dg xuat mdi va phat huy vai trd trong ASEAN, nhan dugc sy hoan nghgnh va ung hd ciia cac nudc, trong &6 cd viec thdng qua Tuyen bd Dign dan Khu vyc ASEAN (ARF); hoan tat Danh muc Cac hoat ddng uu tign thyc hien Ke hoach hanh ddng ASEAN - An Dp 2016-2018; chii tri dam phan Hiep dinh Doi tac Kinh tg Toan dien ASEAN - Nhat Ban; chii tpa Nhdm Dau tu dai dien cho ASEAN trong dam phan Hiep dinh Sdi tac Kinh te Toan dien khu vyc (RCEP); chii tri va ddng chii tri nhieu boat ddng nhu Hgi nghi Bg trudng Y te ASEAN lan thu 12, Cudc hpp Quan chuc Cao cap va Nhdm lam viec chung ve Tuyen bd DOC, Hpi nghi Canh sat giao thdng ASEAN... Tren co sd tinh huu nghj dac biet Viet Nam - Lao, Vigt Nam da tich cyc hd trg Lao dam nhiem thanh cdng nhiem ky Chu tich ASEAN 2016.
Trudc bdi canh ASEAN chju nhigu tac dgng anh hudng dgn doan kgt, uy tin va vi the d khu vyc, Viet Nam da nd luc cimg cd khdi doan kgt, thdng nhat va vai trd cua ASEAN trong cac van dg khu vyc, trong xir ly nhii'ng thach thirc an ninh truygn thdng va phi truyen thdng, ciing nhu nhiing van de nay sinh trong quan he vdi cac ddi tac; dong thdi thue day hgp tac thuc tien trong cac ca che, dien dan khu vyc quan trpng do ASEAN khdi xudng va dan dat nhu Cap cao Ddng A (EAS), Dien dan khu vyc ASEAN (ARF), Hdi nghj Bg trudng Qudc phdng Md rdng (ADMM+)... Trong van dg Bign Ddng, Viet Nam chii ddng trao ddi va phdi hgp vdi cac nudc nham tao dyng ddng thuan trong ASEAN va giu'a ASEAN vdi ddi tac ve vai trd cua ASEAN va Igi ich chung ciia tat ca cac nudc nham duy tri hoa binh, dn dinh, an ninh, an toan hang hai va hang khdng d Bien Ddng; thiic day dua van de Bien Ddng vao van kien cac hdi nghj, dien dan
Nghien ciiu An Dp va Chau A. So 2 - 2020, tr.52-59 57
Nguyin Thi H6ng Van, Quach Thi Hue. Cue dim thu vuc An Ba Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Dirffng^
ASEAN vdi nhirng noi dung tich cue; nh3n manh thuc hien day dii va hieu qua Tuyen bo DO va som hoan tat Bo quy tac COC.
Ben canh do, Viet Nam tich cue di dau trong hoi nhap Icinh tj Kna virc, la mot trong hai nuoc CO ty le thirc hien cao nhat cac cam ket trong ke hoach tong thj xay dung Cong dong i^mn e ASEAN (AEC) vol ty 16 95,5%, diing thu hai sau Singapore (TTXVN, 2019). Viet NaiTi cung tich cue tham gia thuc diy xay dung/trign khai cac thoa thuan hop tac kinh te npi khoi va glira ASEAN vol cac d6i tac; dong gop sang kiln hop tac tren cac ITnh vyc nhu h5 trg cac doanh nghiep vira, nho va sieu nho; thuan Igi thuong mai, phat triln thuong mai dien tu, tang cuong ket n6i va thu hep khoang each phat trign trong ASEAN.
Trudc tinh hinh mdi, ASEAN dang phai hoan thien thj chj, nang cao hieu qua va lam mdi
•cac npi dung hgp tac d j thj hien dugc sire song va tuong lai tuoi sang cua Cgng dong. VietNam sSn sang ddng gop mgi mat, khSng dinh hinh anh mgt thanh vien co uy tin, chii dgng, nang dgng va trach nhiem dudi mai nlia chung. D J ciing hien thuc hoa TSm nhin ASEAN 2025, Viet Nam se tijp tuc phat huy hon nua vai trd ciia minh, ddy manh cac ITnh vuc hgp tac thirc chat, mang lai lgi ich cu thJ cho ngiroi dan timg qu6c gia thanh vien; tich cyc triJn khai va 16ng ghep cac Ke hoach t6ng thJ cua Tim nhin vao cac chuang trinh hanh dgng cu thj cua cac Bg, ban nganh, dja phuang ca nudc vJ hoi nhap qudc tJ; dju tu thich dang v j ngujn lyc vii tang cuong han nua cong tac tuyen truyjn, nang cao nhan thuc dJ Cgng ddng ASEAN ngiiy cang gan bd, gan giii vdi moi nguoi dan va doanh nghiep; vii tren hjt la giu viing doan kjt, thdng nhjt va cac nguy6n tac gia trj da lam nen ban sic va thanh cong ciia ASEAN.
Ndi tdm lai, Viet Nam can tiJp tuc ddy manh tu duy "Chii dgng va tich cyc ddng gdp, xay dung, dinh hinh cac thj chj da phuong", dong vai tro nong c6t, dSn ddt hgp tac tiJu viing, cac lien kJt hgp tac trong ASEAN va giua ASEAN vdi cac ddi tac ben ngoai. D j tang cudng vi the, Vi?t Nam cin nang cac hoat dgng, sang kien ciia minh len tam khu vyc An Do Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duong rgng Idn hon, tich cyc tham gia xay dyng, thyc thi cac quy tic, luat le, chuan myc chung, gdp phin xay dyng mgt khu vyc an ninh, hoa binh, dn djnh cho hgp tac va phat triJn vdi ASEAN ddng vai tro trung tam trong cac ciu triic khu vyc.
K6t luan
Hai muai niim diu thJ ky XXI da cho thay su van dgng lien tuc, bien ddi khong ngimg cac cue dien thj gidi. Khu vyc An Do Duang - chau A - Thai Binh Duong noi len nhu mdt tam diem thu hut sy quan tam Idn ciia cae cuang qudc, ddng thdi cung la noi canh tranh quyen lyc gay gat nhit hien nay. DJ khing djnh vj tri va nim quyen dinh ra cac luiit chai, cac cudng qudc mgt mat ra sue xay dyng, tap hgp lyc lugng, mat khac chay dua ehien luge de giilnh vj tri quyjt djnh.
ASEAN dugc xac djnh la chu thj quan trpng trong khu vyc An Do Duong - chau A - Thai Binh Duong. Sau hon nii'a thj ky hinh thanh va phat triJn, ASEAN dii khang djnh dugc vj the ciia minh tren binh dien quan he qudc te va khu vye. Tuy nhien, dj giii' vu'ng dugc sy doan kjt, dn djnh va
Nghien ciru An Dp va Chau A. S6 2 - 2020, tr.52-59 58
N g u y i n Thj Hong Van, Quach Thi Hue. Cue diin khu vuc An Do Duang - chdu A - Thdi Binh Duang...
p h a t trign t r o n g c u e d i e n k h u v y c n a y la d i e u k h d n g d a n g i a n . Vi t h e , t r e n c a s d n h i r n g n g u y g n t a c van h a n h ddi h d i A S E A N c a n p h a i linh b o a t t r u d c bdi c a n h m d i c u n g n h u g i u v u n g lap t r u d n g v a vi the t r o n g s y c a n h t r a n h c h i l n l u g e , ldi k e o , t a p h g p luc l u g n g c u a cac n u d c Idn.
T^i lieu tham khao
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2. Bp Ngoai giao Viet Nam, ASEAN Id mgt to chicc thanh cong,
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Nghign Cliu An Dd va Chau A. S6 2 - 2020, tr.52-59