TO CHUC DAY HOC 2 B U O I / N G A Y
Ddi VOI MON T I I N G VIET O TIEU HOC
O TS, X U A N THI NGUYET H A *
D
qy hqc 2 budi/ngdy Id xu hudng td chuc dqy hqc hien dqi dugc vdn dyng phd bien tqi nhieu nude trong khu vyc vd the gidi. O Viet Nam, nhung ndm qua, Bd GD-DT dd ed chu truang, hudng ddn ve to chuc dqy hqc 2 b u d i / ngdy, giao cho cdc dja phuang chi dqo thyc hien cdn cu vdo nhu cdu cua hqc sinh (HS) vd dieu kien cy the euo nhd trudng (ndm hqc 2008-2009, dd cd 3d,05% HS tieu hqc dugc hgc 2 budi/ngdy, tdng 26,05% so vdi ndm hgc 1999-2000). Nhieu trudng tieu hgc td chuc dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy ed nen nep, ndi dung phong phu, hoqt ddng da dqng, dem Iqi niem vui cho HS, dugc phy huynh tin tudng, het Idng ung hd. Tuy nhien, viee td chuc dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy cua trudng tieu hqc Viet Nam hien nay van cdn mot sd bdt cdp, khd khdn. Mot trong nhiJng khd khdn dd Id d ndi dung vd hinh thue td chuc dqy hgc. Chuong trinh tieu hqc hien hdnh duqc thiet ke cho dqy hoc 1 budi/ngdy, nen gido vien (GV) phdi ty phdt trien ndi dung dqy hqc dugc quy djnh trong ehuong trinh thdnh chuang trinh dqy hoc 2 budi/ngdy. Do vqy, d mot so dja phuemg, viee td chuc dqy hoc dd khdng thye su mang Iqi hieu qud nhu mong mudn.Ddi vdi mdn Tieng Viet, viee td chuc dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy nhdm thue hien tdt mye tieu cua mdn hgc dd dugc quy djnh trong Chuong thnh gido dye phd thdng cdp tieu hqc; thuc hien tdt dqy hgc phdn hod, dqy hqc phu hgp vdi trinh do tieng Viet cua HS, ddp ung nhu edu ed nhdn cua ngudi hgc, tqo dieu kien de mqi HS (ddc biet Id HS yeu, HS ddn tdc thieu sd) ed nhieu co hdi duqc quan tdm giup dd de dqt Chudn kien thuc, kTndng mdn Tieng Viet, HS khd - gidi cung se cd nhieu co hdi de phdt huy khd ndng cua minh.
Trong bdi viet ndy, chung tdi xin dugc trao ddi ve ndi dung vd hinh thuc td chuc dqy hqc mdn Tieng
Viet a trudng tieu hqc dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy.
1. Ve ndl dung d a y hoc
* Thye hien cdc ndi dung dqy hqc dd dugc quy dinh trong Chuang trinh gido dye phd thdng
Tap chi Giao due so 2 5 5 (ki i . 2/2oin
cdp tieu hqc nhdm ddp ung yeu edu ve kT ndng, kien thue, mdn Tieng Viet theo quy djnh cua ehuong trinh.
' Td chuc cdc hoqt ddng nhdm cung cd kien thue, kT ndng, bdi dudng ndng khieu cd nhdn phu hgp vdi nhu cdu vd khd ndng euo HS
Viee thyc hien cdc ndi dung tren, edn luu y:
- Ddi vdi dd'i tugng HS cd khd khdn trong hgc tap mdn Tieng Viet (HS hgc yeu mdn Tieng Viet, HS ddn tdc thieu sd), viee dqy hoc edn edn cu vdo trinh do tieng Viet vd khd ndng tiep thu cua HS, tap trung dqt nhCfng yeu edu tdi thieu ve kien thue, kT ndng, trong dd chu trqng ren luyen tdt 2 kT ndng co bdn: dgc - viet; vf dy, d Idp 1, khi dqy phdn Hqc vdn, GV cdn giup HS ndm chde cdc dm, vdn dd dugc dqy trong SGK Tieng Viet 1 , ed kT ndng dgc - viet dugc cdc tieng chua dm, vdn, thanh dd hgc. Dqy phdn Luyen tap tdng hqp, GV edn tap trung ren luyen kT ndng dqc dung vd rd rdng, kT ndng viet dung chinh td theo yeu edu de ra d Idp 1. Mue do ren luyen kT ndng nghe - ndi dugc quan tdm ren luyen tren ca sd HS dqt vCfng chde ve cdc kT ndng dqc - viet...
Trong qud trinh td chuc dqy hqc, GV ed the dieu chinh mot sd ndi dung hqc tap trong SGK Tieng Viet cho hgp li, phu hgp vdi ddi tugng HS, vi dy: ed the thay ddi mot sd ngu lieu, tinh hudng thye hdnh giao tiep tieng Viet de cdc gid hgc tieng Viet trd nen thdn thien, gdn gui vdi HS han, de cdc em khdng lung tung, mdt ty tin, «sg"
hoc tieng Viet. Yeu edu cdn dqt cua mdt so bdi hqc ed the dugc gidm bdt (thue hien theo tdi lieu
«Hudng ddn thye hien chudn kien thuc, kTndng"
euo Bd GD- DT).
- Ddi vdi ddi tugng HS khd - gidi: sou khi HS dd dqt dugc yeu edu ddt ra, GV ed the giup HS hieu biet kT hon nhung kien thue tieng Viet, thye hdnh thdnh thyc hon nhCfng kTndng tieng Vietdd dugc quy djnh trong chuang trinh. GV khdng
* Vu Giao due tieu hoc
dugc cung cdp, khdng dqy them kien thuc mdi, khdng dqy trudc nhiJng ndi dung dqy hqc mdn Tieng Viet cua Idp tren. Bdi d tieu hgc, viee bdi dudng tieng Viet cho HS khdng phdi Id de tqo ra cdc nhd vdn, nhd ngdn ngiJ hoc, md Id bdi dudng cho cdc em le sdng, tdm hon, hung thu vdi tieng Viet, bdi dudng ndng luc tu duy vd khd ndng ngdn ngu, khd ndng cam thy vdn hqc cho HS.
Ben cqnh d d , GV cd the phdi hgp vdi nhd trudng de td chuc cdc hoqt ddng ngodi gid len /dp vdi cdc ndi dung vd hinh thuc da dqng, phong phu, nhe nhdng, hdp ddn nhdm tqo mdi trudng giao tiep cho cdc em ren luyen kT ndng su dyng tieng Viet, ddm bdo dqy chCr - dqy ngudi, vf dy:
to chuc giao luu tieng Viet giQa cdc trudng; to chuc cdc Cdu Iqc bq tieng Viet theo cdc chuyen de (dqc dien edm, ke chuyen, viet chiJ dep, sdng tdc tha, Idm vdn...); tdchuc cdc budi tham quan, cdc budi nghe ndi chuyen ve cdc nhd vdn, nhd tho, cdc anh hung, cdc chien sTcdch mqng, nhung ngudi cd cdng vdi nude, ve guong ngudi tdt, viee tdt... nhdm bdi dudng vdn sdng cho HS.
2. Ve phuomg phdp vd hinh thuc td chuc dqy hqc
Cdn thuc hien viee dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy ddi vdi mdn Tieng Viet theo tinh thdn td chuc cdc hoqt dqng gido dye nhdm phdt huy tfnh tfch cue
chu ddng cua HS, bdi dudng kl ndng hgp tdc trong cdng viee vd hudng tdi phdt trien ndng lye cd nhdn. Viee td chuc cdc hoqt ddng cdn tu nhien, thiet thyc trong mdi trudng gido dye thdn thien, khdng nen bien cdc hoqt ddng gido dye thdnh cdc budi hoc ndng ne, nhdm ehdn.
Cdc phuang phdp, hinh thuc td chuc dqy hqc cdn phu hgp vdi ddc diem tdm sinh If, phu hgp vdi trinh do vd khd ndng tieng Viet cua HS, giup cdc em hung thu hqc tieng Viet vd hqc tieng Viet ed hieu qud. Viee hudng ddn HS edch hqc vd tu hqc tieng Viet Id rdt quan trgng, vi vqy, GV cdn tqo cho HS hung thu vd thdi quen dqc sdeh, giup cdc em thdy dugc khd ndng dqc se cd fch cho cdc em sudt cd cuqc ddi, thd'y dugc do Id mdt trong nhung con dudng ddc biet de tqo cho minh mdt cuqc sdng trf tue ddy du vd phdt trien.
3. To chuc dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy Id nhu edu tdt yeu euo xd hdi vd bdn thdn ngdnh gido dye nhdm thye hien myc tieu gido dye todn dien vd ddp ung nhu edu phdt trien ndng luc ed nhdn cua HS. Dqy hgc 2 budi/ngdy cdn dugc tiep hjc nghien cuu, ddc biet Id ve chuong trinh gido dye, de den ndm 2015, HS tieu hqc se dugc thy hudng chuong trinh tieu hoc mdi - chuong trinh dugc thiet ke cho dqy hqc 2 budi/ngdy. •
Ljch sir Dang Cong san...
--' ' (Tiep theo trang 8j
thdnh cho Igi fch cua giai cdp cdng nhdn, cua nhdn ddn loo dqng, cua ddn tdc. Sy Idnh dqo sdng sudt cua Ddng vdi dudng Idi CM dung ddn, sdng tqo, ddc Idp ty chu Id nhdn td thdng Igi hdng ddu, ehi phdi cdc nhdn td khde euo CM Viet Nam. Thye te, CM nude ta tu ndm 1 930 dd de Iqi cho Ddng vd nhdn ddn ta nhieu bdi hqc kinh nghiem quy bdu: - Ndm vCfng ngqn ed ddc Idp ddn tdc vd CNXH, mdt bdi hqc xuyen sudt qud trinh CM nude ta; - Su nghiep CM Id cua nhdn ddn, do nhdn ddn vd vi nhdn ddn. Nhdn ddn Id ngudi Idm nen LS; - Khdng ngung cung cd, tdng cudng dodn ket: dodn ket todn Ddng, dodn ket todn ddn, dodn ket ddn toe, dodn ket qude te; - Ket hgp sue mqnh ddn toe vdi sue mqnh thdi dqi, sue mqnh trong nude vdi sue mqnh qud'c te; - Su Idnh dqo dung ddn cua Ddng Id nhdn td hdng ddu bdo ddm thdng igi cua CM Viet Nam.
Nhu vqy, LS Viet Nam Idp 12 rdt cd uu the de hinh thdnh d HS truyen thdng ddu tranh CM cua nhdn ddn ta dudi sy Idnh dqo cua Ddng, gdp phdn quan trqng gido dye cho HS niem tin vdo eon dudng md Ddng vd Chu tjeh Hd Chi Minh dd lua chon - eon dudng ddc Idp ddn tdc gdn lien vdiCNXH.a
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Phan Nggc Lien (chu bien). Lich siJ Dang Cong san Viet Nam vdi sir nghiep giao due dao tao. NXB Dgi hoe sir pham. H.200S.
2. Lich su 12 (chucmg trinh chuan). NXB Gido due, H. 2008.
3. Lich sur 12 (nang cao). NXB Gido due. H. 2008.
4. Trinh Dinh Tiing (chii bien). Tulieu lich sul&p 12.
NXBG/do^;.(c, H. 2009.
5. Dang Cong san Viet Nam. Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan quoc ciia Dang Ian thir VI. NXB Chinh tri quoc gia. H. 1986.