Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rdng & Mdi trwdng
DAC DifeM HE THVC VAT KHU BAO TON THIEN NHIEN DO^ - SON ' KY THU^QfNG, TINH QUANG NINH
Dwong Trung Higu'. Can Kim Hu^ng', Hoang Van Sam^
Tnr&ng Cao dang Nong Ldm Dong Bdc 'Truang Bgi hgc Ldm nghiep T O M T A T
He thirc vat khu bao t6n thien nhien (BTTN) D6ng Scm - Ky Thirgng, tinh Quang Ninh kha da ' ^ ^ " ^ . ^ ^ ^ T ^ T ! phan loai, cong dung, ph6 dang s6ng va gia tri bao ton. K6t qua nghien cmi da xac dinh dugc 1246 loai, 684 chi va 180 hp thupc 5 nganh thyc vat bac cao co mach la Thong dat - Lycopodiophyta, Moc tac - Equisetophyta, Duong xi - Polypodiophyta, Thong - Pinophyta va Ngpc lan - Magnoliophyta. Nghien ciiu da bo sung 01 loai moi cho he thuc vat Viet Nam la Do van nam (Aquilaria yunnanensis S. C. Huang), thuoc Hp Tram (Thymelaeaceae), b6 sung 12 ho, 67 chi va 218 loai cho he thuc vat D6ng Son - Ky Thugng. He thuc vat Dong Son - Ky Thuang da dang ve cong dung vm 1899 cong dung va dugc chia thanh 06 nhom cong dung khac nhau, Erong do nhom cay lam thudc va cho g6 chiSm un thg. He thuc vat tai D6ng Scm - Ky Thuang c6 05 nhom dang s6ng, trong do nh6m ch6i tren (Ph) la nhom chiem ty le cao nhdt 73,84% thS hien tinh chat nhiet dai ciia he thirc vat, Ben canh tinh da dang ve thanh p h k loai va dang s6ng thi he thuc vat khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng con co gia tri bao t6n cao voi 115 loai bi de dpa tren pham vi trong mroc va quoc te, trong do CO 53 loai trong Sach do Viet Nam (2007), 45 loai trong danh luc do cua lUCN (2019), 14 loai theo Nghi djnh 32/2006/ND-CP va 41 loai trong danh Iuc ciia Cong uoc CITES.
Tir khoa: Bao ton, da dang thyc v3t, gia tri su dung, he thuc vat, Khu Bao t6n thien nhien D^ng Sffn - Ky Thugng.
1. DAT VAN DE
Khu bao ton thien nhien (BTTN) Dong Son - Ky Thugng thupc tinh Quang Ninh voi tong dien tich tu nhien 15.593,8 ha, nam tren dia phan 5 xa Dong Son, Ky Thugng, Dong Lam, Vu Oai, Hoa Binh ciia huyen Hoanh Bo. Khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng c6 dinh cao nhat la Thien Son (1096 m). Khu BTTN D6ng Son - Ky Thugng la mgt trong nhiJng trung tam da dang viing Dong Bac Viet Nam vai nhieu loai thuc vat quy hiem va c6 gia tri bao ton cao (Do Xuan Trucmg, 2011). Tai nguyen rimg noi chung va tai nguyen thuc vat not rieng tai khu vuc nghien cuu da va dang chiu nhiSu ap luc bai nhieu nguyen nhan, trong do CO ap lire tu nguai dan dia phuang. Tu khi dugc thanh lap nam 2002 den nay da co mpt s6 cong trinh nghien cuu ve thuc vat tai day nhu nghien ciru ve tai nguyen cay thuoc, cay than go.. nhimg den nay van chua c6 nghien ciai dky du nao ve he thuc vat tai Khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng. De co ca so khoa hgc cho cong tac bao tdn tai nguyen thuc vat tai khu BTTN D6ng Son - Ky Thugng, viec nghien cuu, danh gia tinh da dang he thuc vat mot
each day du hon la het sue can thiet. Bai bao la ket qua qua trinh dieu tra, nghien cuu tu nam 2017 dan dau nam 2019.
2. PHirONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.1. Ngi dung nghien ciru
- Nghien cuu tinh da dang cac taxon thuc vat tai khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng, tinh Quang Ninh.
- Nghien cuu tinh da dang ve dang song, cong dung va gia tri bao ton cua he thuc vat tai khu vuc nghien ciju.
2.2. Phuang phap nghien cmi
- Phuang phap ke thua: kg thira va tham khao cac tai heu c6 lien quan dSn ITnh vuc nghien curu.
- Dieu tra theo tuyen: Lap 14 lnygn dihn tra di qua cac dang sinh canh, nang ib.i rung cua khu BTTN Dong Son Ky Thugng, tinh Quang Ninh. Tren cac tuyen, di6u tra tat ca cac loai thuc vat da quan sat dnoc trong nham vi 5 m.
- Dieu tra trong cac 6 tieu ( ;uan: Tren cac luyen diSu tra tien hanh lap 8^ o tieu ch "
dien tich 1000 m^ (OTC) dien ninh dai d"^"
cho cac kieu tham thirc vat, d.:. ao (i^ , ' TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CO G H F LAM NGHIEP SO 3 - U9
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rirng «£ Mdi trw&ne
Trong cac OTC tiln hanh dien tra tat ca cac Phuong phap chuyen gia: Phuang phap loai thuc vat bac cao co mach. Dieu tra va thu chuyen gia trong giam dinh mhx va tra cuu ten thap m l u tieu ban theo phucmg phap cua khoa hgc cac loai thuc vat.
Nguyin NghTa Thin (2007).
BAN DO TUYS'N Diiu TRA TH^C VAT
Hinh 1. Ban do tuy^n va 6 dieu tra tai Khu bao tfin thiSn nhien Dong Son - Ky Thiroiig 3. KET QUA VA T H A O LUAN
3.1. Da dang taxon thu-c vat Son - Ky Thugng, gom 180 hp, 684 chi va 3.LL Ba dang taxon bdc ngdnh 1246 loai thuc vat bac cao co mach cua 5 Tir ket qua nghien curu, tac gia da xay dung nganh thuc vat. Su phan bo cac taxon cua cac dugc Danh luc thuc vat tai khu BTTN Dong nganh dugc the hien trong bang 1.
Bang 1. Cac nganh thyc vat bac cao co mach tai khu BTTN Bong Sffn - Ky Thiro-ng
u
1 2 3 4 5 5.1 5.2
T8a Khoa hpc Lycopodiophyta Equisetophyta Polypodiophyta Pinophyta Magnohophyta Magnoliopsida Liliopsida
Ten Viet Nam Nganh Thong dat Nganh IVIgc tac Nganh Duong xi Nganh Thong Ngatih Ngpc Lan Lap Ngoc lan Lop Hdnh
Tong
Hp So lirpng
2 1 27 5 145 119 26 180
%
1,11 0,56 15,00 2,78 80,56 66,11 14,45 100
Chi S6chi
3 1 59 7 614 484 130 684
%
0,44 0,15 8,63 1,02 89,77 70,76 19,01 100
Loai So loai
10 1 110
10 1117
895 222 1246
%
0,80 0,08 8,83 0,80 89,65 71,83 17,82 100 Ket qua cho thay, cac loai thupc doi so vai cac nganh khac vai ca ve so hp, so Magnohophyta (nganh Nggc Lan) uu t h i tuyet chi va s6 loai vol 145 hg (chiem 80,56%), 614
T ^ C H I K H O A H O C VA C 6 N G N G H E L A M N G H I E P SO 3 - 2019 77
Quan ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi trucmg
chi (chidm 89,77%) va 1117 loai (chilm 89,65%). Trong nganh nay, lop Ngoc lan chiSm iru thS hom hSn voi 66,11% s6 hp, 70,76% s6 chi va 71,83% s6 loai. Tuy nhien, neu xet ty le cac loai lop Ngoc Ian/lop Hanh thi con so nay khong cao, dat 4,03 Tire la cir khoang hon 4 loai thugc Ityp Ngpc lan se co 1 loai thuoc lop Hanh; Polypodiophyta (nganh Dirong xi) diing thii hai khi co so lupng loai va chi kha tai khu vuc vdi 27 hp (chiem 15,00%), 59 chi (chiam 8,63%) va toi 110 loai (chiem 8,83%). DiSu nay chp thjy, D6ng Spn - Ky Thuang la noi phan b6 rSt nhieu loai Duong xi, nhom thuc vat con it dupc nghien ciiu tai khu vuc noi rieng va tai Viet Nam noi chung;
Pinophyta (nganh Thong) va Lycopodiophyta (nganh Thong djt) co s6 cac taxon rat thap, 19n luot la 5 va 2 hp, voi 7 va 3 chi. Tuy moi nganh co s6 hp, chi chenh lech nhau nhung d6u Cling CO 10 loai. Rieng Equisetophyta (nganh Moc tac) CO s6 cac taxpn thap nhat, chi co 1 hp, 1 chi va duy nhat 1 loai nhung ciing the hien dupc sir dai dien cho nganh nay trong he
thuc vat. , So voi mpt so nghien ciiu ga' day ve •
vat tai khu BTTN Bong Son - Ky I hirong do Trucmg Dai hpc Lam nghiep, Pliii^'. vi?" E"™
tra quy hoach rimg Dong BSc Bp lhiiP<= ^ ' * "
Dilu tra Quy hoach rimg Viet Nam va Chi cue Kilm lam tinh Quang Ninh (nam 2010 ya 2011), kit qua nghien ciiu da bo sung 218 loai, 67 chi va 12 ho thuc vat moi cho he thyc vat khu BTTN D6ng Son - Ky Thupng. Ket qua nghien ciiu da b6 sung 01 loai thuc vat moi cho he thuc vat Viet Nam la Dd van nam (Aquilaria yunnanensis S. C. Huang), thupc Hp Trim (Thymelaeaceae) (Hoang Van Sam vacpng sir, 2019).
Khi so sanh cac dan lieu ve so lupng loai trong cac nganh ctia he thuc vat Dong Son - Ky Thupng vai dSn lieu ve so lupng loai trong cac nganh cua he thuc vat cua Viet Nam (Nguyen Tiln Ban, 2005) cho thay sy phan bo khong d i u giira cac nganh thuc vat tai Dong Son - Ky Thucfng ve ca ban tuan theo quy luat chung ciia he thuc vat Viet Nam.
Bang 2. Ty trpng ciia he thu-c vat Dong Sffn - Ky Thirffng so voi Viet Nam Dong Sffn - Ky Thirong Vift Nam"
Psilophyta Lycopodiophyta Equisetophyta Polypodiophyta Pinophyta Magnoliophyta Tong
So loai 0 10 1 110
10 1.117 1.246
T y l e ( % ) 0 0,80 0,08 8,83 0,80 89,65
100
So loai 1 55 2 700
70 10.775 11.603
Ty le (%) 0,01 0,47 0,02 6,03 0,60 92,86 100 Nguyen Tien Ban (2005).
3.1.2. Chi sd da dang cua cdc taxon Nghien cihi ve chi so da dang sinh hgc giiia cac taxon thuc vat tai khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thupng cho thay co sir chenh lech kha lan khi chi s6 hp bien dong tii 1,0 cho tai 7,7 a cac nganh. Chi s6 chi thap hon khi chi bien dgng trong khoang tu 1,0 clio den 3,3, so chi/hp cung tuong tu' thay doi tir 1,0 den 4,2 (Bang 3).
Dieu nay cho thay muc do da i', so hp cua cac nganh tai kh^
chung cho toan he thuc vat kh;.
binh nidi hp c6 khoang 6,9 loai : ch] la 1,8 tuong ung vai trung l-,;i he thuc vat co gan 2 loai; So cin moi hp la 3,8 hay trung binh mr
'",- ' - so chi,
•''^ cao. Xet
^'yc cu trung
^1' so da dang '' '"^^i chi ciia '""Sbinh cua
••"^'^3,8 chi.
78 TAP CHI K H O A H O C VA C O N G NGHE L A M N G H I E P SO 3 - 19
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rirng & Moi truine
Nganh Lycopodiophyta Equisetophyta Polypodiophyta Pinophyta Magnoliophyta He thuc vat
Bang ; 3, Cac chi so Chi so hp
5,0 1,0 4,1 2,0 7,7 6,9
da dang ir cac taxon Chi so chi
3,3 1,0 1,9 1,4 1,8 1,8
So chi/ so ho 1,5 1,0 2,2 1,4 4,2 3,8
3.1.3. Da dang & bdc hp toi thong ke 10 hg giau loai nhat. KSt qua dugc De danh gia su da dang bac hg ciia he thuc the hien tai bang 4.
vat o khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng, chung
Bang 4. Cac ho da dang nhSt cua he thyc vat f)6ng Son - Ky Thirong TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tyl?
Ten Khoa hpc Euphorbiaceae Poaceae Rubiaceae Fabaceae Asteraceae Moraceae Lauraceae Orchidaceae Fagaceae Cyperaceae
Ten Vict Nam Hp Thau dau Hp Hoa thao Hp Ca phe Ho Dau Ho Ciic Ho Dau tam Hp Long nao Hg Phong lan HpDe HpCoi C/o) 10 hp da d^ng nhat chilm 5,56%» tong s6 hp
So loai 68 55 52 51 48 40 40 29 28 28 439
%
5,46 4,41 4,17 4,09 3,85 3,21 3,21 2,33 2,25 2,25 35,23
Qua bang 4 ta thay rang, 10 hp da dang nhat cua he thuc vat a Dong Son - Ky Thugng mac dil chi chiem 5,56% tong so hp cua toan he nhung lai co so loai la 439, chilm 35,23% tong so loai. Ket qua tren phu hpp vai nhan dinh ciia A.I. Tolmachop (1974) rang 10 hp giau loai nhat cua he thuc vat nhiet dai thuang chiem khong qua 40 - 50% so loai ciia he thuc vat va rat it loai chiem qua 10% so loai cua toan he. Dieu do cho thay, thuc vat khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng kha da dang ve hg va mang dac diem cua he thuc vat nhiet dai.
Xet ve thanh phan cac hp giau loai, day ciing la mpt trong nhirng dac trung noi bat cua he thuc vat. Theo Nguyin NghTa Thin (2008), danh sach cac hp giau loai nhat, trat tu sap xep chiing theo ty trpng so loai ciia 10 - 15 hp giau loai nhat trong tong so loai ciia he thuc vat cung mpt vimg la giong nhau. Tai Dong Son - Ky Thugng cac hg da dang nhat da phan deu la nhihig hg giau loai ciia he thuc vat Viet Nam,
dien hinh la cac hp: Euphorbiaceae (Thau dau) nhieu nhat vai 68 loai, chiem 5,46%, Poaceae (Hoa thao) la 55 loai chiem 4,41%, Rubiaceae (Ca phe) 52 loai, chiem 4,17%, Fabaceae (Hg Dau) 51 loai, chiem 4,09%, cac hp khac nhu, Asteraceae (Ciic), Moraceae (Dau tam)... co tir 27 den 48 loai. Ngoai ra, sir co mat cua 2 hg la Lauraceae (Long nao) va Fagaceae (De) trong nhom 10 hp giau loai chung to anh huong kha ro ciia do cao dia hinh den thanh phan loai cua he thuc vat Dong Son - Ky Thupng vi day la 2 hg a nhiet dai kha dien hinh.
3.1.4. Da dang bdc chi
Qua thong ke cho thay, Dong Son - Ky Thupng CO tai 684 chi thuc vat vai so loai trong moi chi bien dgng tir 1 loai (chi Achitea, Dichroa, Abroma...) cho den 26 loai (chi Ficus). Bang 5 the hien so lupng loai ciia 10 chi da dang nhat trong he thuc vat tai khu vuc nghien cuu.
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 3 - 2019 79
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi trit&ns
TT 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10
Tyle
Bang 5. Muoi chi da Ten Chi Ficus Lithocarpus Syzygium Cyperus Hedyotis Litsea Dioscorea Selaginella Phyllanthus Elaeocarpus
dang nhat
% 10 chi giau nhat so \rri 684 chi
ciia he thuc vat D6ng SOD - Ten Hp Moraceae Fagaceae Myilaceae Cyperaceae Rubiaceae Lauraceae Dioscoreaceae Selaginellaceae Euphorbiaceae Elacocarpaceae ciia toan he: 1,46%>
- Ky Thuffng S6 loai 1
26 17 12 9 9 9 9 8 7 7 113
. I C T % ) _ 1.09 1,36 0,96 0,72 0,72 0.72 0,72 0,64 0,56 0,56 9,07 Qua bang 5 thay rang 10 chi da dang nhat
tai Dong Son - Ky Thugng co 113 loai, chiem 9,07% tong so loai ciia toan he. Trong do, cac chi nhu Ficus co so loai nhieu nhat la 26 loai (chiem 2,09%), day la chi dai dien cho rimg nhiet dai, chi Lithocarpus co 17 loai (chiem 1,36%) thugc hg De lai the hien tinh a nhiet doi do khu vuc co nhieu nai dia hinh cao tren 700 m. Su CO mat cua chi Dioscorea, Cyperus (deu la 9 loai moi chi), cac chi nay chu yhu la cac loai ua b6ng, am nhu Cu mai, Cu nau, Coi cho thay he thuc vat khu vuc co dac diem kha am. Cac chi khac chiem ty le kha nhu cac chi Syzygium thuoc hp Sim, Litsea thupc hg Long nao, hai chi nay cung la nhiing chi c6 s6 lugng cay go lan nhiSu, chi6m uu thg tai khu vuc.
Ngoai viec danh gia mirc do da dang cho cac hg, chi co nhieu loai thi viec xac dinh cac
chi, hg don loai cung het sire quan trgng trong cong tac bao ton. Vi day la nhom de bi tuyet chung bofi chi co mgt dai dien duy nhat trong he thuc v a t Tai khu BTTN D6ng San - Ky Thugng da ghi nhan co toi 433 chi don loai, chiem den 63,3% so chi cua toan he nhu cac chi Microdesmis (Chan), Ochna (Mai Vang), Duchesnea (Dau dat), Melientha (Rau sing)...
Trong khi do, so hg dcm loai ciing len din 48 hg, chiem 26,7% tong so hg. Mpt s6 hp dan loai CO the ke den nhu Equisetiaceae (hp Moc tac), Taxaceae (hp Thong do), Cycadaceae (hp Tue), Phormiaceae (hp Huang bai)...
3.2. Da dang ve pho dang song
K6t qua phan tich ph6 dang s6ng cua he thuc vat khu BTTN D6ng Son - Ky Thugng theo he th5ng cua Raunkiger (1934) va Nguyen Nghia Thin (1997) dugc tdng hgp nhu bang 6.
Bang 6. Nhom dang sdng ciia he thuc vat khu BTTN BSng S<m - Ky Thirffng Dang song
1 Nhom cay choi tren / 1 Cdy go (choi tren to/nha/nho) i.2 Cdy liin (bui)
1.3 Ddy leo song lau ndm 1.4 Cay bi sinh song lau ndm 1.5 Cdy thdo song lau ndm
1.6 Cdy ky sinh, bdn ky sinh song lau nam 1 N h 6 m cay choi sat dat
3 N h o m cay choi niia an 4 N h o m cay choi an 5 N h o m cay choi mpt nam
T d n g
K y h i e u Ph MM
Na Lp Ep Hp Pp Ch Hm Cr Th
S6 loai 920 464 143 169 55 84 5 94 35 146
5J 1246
T y l § ( % ) 73.84 37.24 11.48
• < ^ 1
4.41 6.74 11.40 7.54 -781
•:'.72 .09
• m
TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 3 - 2019
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rung & Moi trwdng Tir kat qua tren, ph6 dang s6ng (Specfrum of
Biology - SB) cho he thuc vat khu BTTN D6ng San - Ky Thugng nhu sau: SB = 73,84%Ph + 7,54%Ch + 2,81%Hm + ll,72%Cr + 4,09%Th
Nhin vao pho dang song tai khu vuc nay cho thay, thuc vat a day chu yeu la cac cay choi tren (Ph) chiem ty le ldn, len den 73,84%.
Trong 6 dang song thupc nhom nay, nhom cay choi tren la cay go (MM) chiem ty le cao nhat vai 37,24% cho thay he thuc vat tai Dong Son - Ky Thupng van chu yeu la cac cay go. Nhom nay co cac loai thupc cac hp nhu Fagaceae (De), Juglandaceae (Ho dao), Lauraceae (Long nao), Meliaceae (Xoan), Moraceae (Dau tam).
Tiep den la nhom day leo song lau nam (Lp)
voi 13,56% va cac nhom khac vai ty le thap.
Nhom cay bui va than thao co \hh\h dhn nhu hp Rubiaceae (Ca phe), Euphorbiaceae (Thlu d^u), Poaceae (Hoa thao)...; nhom cay leo song lau gom cac loai trong mpt so hp nhu Annonaceae (Na), Cucurbitacdae (Bau " bi), Asclepiadaceae (Thien ly)....
3.3. Da dang ve cong dung
Ket qua dieu tra, phong van nguai dia phuong ciing nhu tham khao, tra ciiu cac tai lieu chuyen nganh, trong tong so 1246 loai thuc vat cua khu BTTN Dong Scm Ky Thugng, tinh Quang Ninh co 1899 luot cong dung (he so su dung la 1,52), nhieu loai cay cho tir 2 - 4 cong dung khac nhau. Ket qua thong ke tong hgp a bang 7.
Bang 7. Gia tri sir dung cua he thyc vat khu BTTN Bong Sffn - Ky Thuffng TT
1
/./
1.2 1.3 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 3 1 3.2 3.3 4 41 42 5 5.1 52 5.3 6 61 6.2 63 6.4 6.5 66Cong dung Nhom cay cho go Go l&n Go nhff Go nho. ciu
Nhom ciiy cho lucmg thuc, thuc pham Bot
Rau dn Ndu nuac uong cho qud
Nhom cay canh quan, moi tmong Cdnh quan
Phdn xanh Chdn nuoi dgng vdt Nhom cay lam thuoc Cdy thuoc Cdy doc
Nh6m cay vat lieu thon Lay Id
Vat liHu dan. che phii Ddy buoc Nhom ciiy lam nguyen Cho ddu sdp Cho mdu nhuom Cho nhua mit Cho sai vo Cat tinh ddu Cho chdt chdt
lg thuong
lieu cong nghiep
Ky hieu 0 0
GI Gib Cn TP B R Nu
Q CA
Ca F Cn TH 77!
B VL La VI D NL Da M Nh S Td Tn
So loai 454 232 136 86 213 32 106
23 52 404 187 102 115 456 449 7 125
13 70 42 247
16 22 49 48 45 67
Tyle
(%)
23,91
11,22
21,27
24,01
6,58
13,01
TAP CHT KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 3-2019
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Moi trwong
Qua bang 7 ta thiy rang, s6 loai cay dugc sir dung lam thuoc la nhi^u nhat. Nh6m cay dung lam thu6c co 456 loai, chigm 24,01% t6ng s6 loai cua toan he. Day la ngu6n tai nguyen quy gia CO y nghia lon trong viec cham soc siic khoe, g6p phan h6 trg chua tri mgt so loai benh tat cho cac cpng dong dan tgc mien niii noi day. Mgt so loai cay thuoc quy c6 the ke den nhu Tac ke da, Trpng lau nhieu la. Dang sam.
Ha iltii 6, Ke huy8t dang, Quyet sam... Tiep theo la nhom cay cho go voi 454 loai, chiem 23,91%. Cac loai go dugc hau het cac hg dan sir dung nhu Gu lau, Thiet dinh, Vang tam, Lim xanh, Sen mat, Tau mat, cac loai Gioi.
Day deu la cac loai go quy hiem va dugc thu mua nhieu tren thi truang nen so lupng dang ngay cang it, dac biet la nhiing cay ducmg kinh lon hau nhu khong con nhieu. Voi 404 loai dugc sir dung lam cay lam canh, bong mat, chiem 21,27%. Cac loai pho bien dugc nguoi dan diing nhieu nhu Thich la xe. Den 5 la.
Thong tre, Mai vang... Trong cac loai dugc ghi nhan, da so deu chi phan bo o rimg tu nhien.
Nhom vat lieu thong thuang, mac du chiem ty le thap, chi co 125 loai nhung mang y nghTa quan trpng trong doi song ngucri dan dia phuang khi 100% so hg deu phu thupc chat dot, day bupc, lay vat lieu dan lat, nhupm, lam choi... Cling la nhirng kinh nghiem dgc dao cua cgng dong dja phuong trong viec sir dung thuc vat tai khu v y c
3.4. Da dang ve gia tri bao ton
He thuc vat cr khu BTTN Dong Son - Ky Thugng khong nhung da dang ve thanh phan loai, ma con c6 gia tri bao ton cao. Ket qua nghien cim da ghi nhan dugc 115 loai thuc vat thugc 48 hp, chilm 9,23% s6 loai va 26,67%
so hp trong tong so 1246 loai va 180 hg thuc vat tai khu BTTN Ddng Son - Ky Thugng, trong do, 45 loai trong Danh luc do ciia lUCN (2019); 53 loai trong Sach do Viet Nam nam 2007, 14 loai thugc Nghi dinh s6 32/2006/ND- CP va 41 loai trong danh luc ciia Cong uoc CITES.
4. KET LUAN
He thuc vat khu BTTN D6ng S J H Ky Thugng, tinh Quang Ninh da dang ve thanh phan loai vdi 1246 loai thugc 684 chi va 180 hg thugc 5 nganh thyc vat bac cao c6 mach dugc ghi nhan. Ket qua nghien cuu da bo sung 01 loai moi cho he thyc vat Viet Nam la Do van nam {Aquilaria yunnanensis S. C. Huang), thugc Hg Trim (Thymelaeaceae); b6 sung 12 hg, 67 chi va 218 loai mai cho he thuc vat Ddng Son - Ky Thugng. He thuc vat Dong Son - Ky Thugng co 05 nhom dang song chinh, trong do nh6m cay choi tren la chiem uu the va th8 hien dugc tinh chit nhiet dai cua he thuc vat. Tai nguyen thyc vat Dong Son Ky Thugng da dang ve cong dung vdi 1899 lugt cong dung va dupc chia thanh 06 nhom cong dung khac nhau, trong do nhom cay lam thuoc va cho go chiem uu the. Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay tai nguyen thuc vat tai khu BTTN Dong San - Ky Thuong khong chi da dang ve thanh phan loai, cong dung ma con c6 gia tri bao ton cao voi 115 loai bi de dpa, nguy cap trong pham vi quoc gia va quoc te.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyin Tien Ban (chu bien) (2003, 2005). Danh luc cdc loai thuc vdt Viet Nam, Tap II, III. Nxb Nong nghiep, Ha Ngi.
2. Bo Khoa hoc va Cong nghe, Vien Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Viet Nam (2007). Sdch do Viet Nam, phan II - Thu-c vdt. Nxb Khoa hpc tir nhien va Cong nghe, Ha Noi.
3. Vo Van Chi (1997). Tit di^n cdy thuoc VietNam Nxb Y hoc. Ha Noi.
4 Chi cyc ki^m lam tinh Quang Ninh (2013). Quy hogch bdo ton vdphdt triin bin vihig Khu Bdo ton thien nhien Dong Son - Ky Thuong. huyen Hodnh Bd. tinh Qudng Nmh giai doan 2013 - 2020
5. Chinh phu Viet Nam (2006). Danh muc thirc vat rimg, dong vat rirng nguy cap, quy, hilm. Nghi dinh 32/2006/ND-CP ngdy 30/3/2006, Ha Noi
6. Pham Hoang Ho (1999 - 2003). Cdy c6 VietNam, quyen 1-3. Nxb Tre, Thanh ph6 H6 Chi Minh.
7. Hoang Van Sam, Nguyin Thg Nha, TrSn Van Chu, Tran Ngoc Hai, Nguyin Thi Tho, Nguyin Thanh Tuan, Le Bao Thanh, Ha Van Huan, D6 Thanh Tam Hoang Thi HSng, Duong Trung Higu (2019). Aquilaria yunnanensis S C Huang (Thymalaeaceae) a new record for flora of Vietnam. Journal of Acta Phyiotaxonomica
et Geobotanica.
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIFP s n ^ - 2 0 1 9
Qudn ly Tdi nguyen rimg & Mdi truong
8. The lUCN species survival Comission (2019), U . Nguyen NghTa Thin (2007). Cac/j/ii/angp/iiip 2019 lUCN Red List of Threatened species. nghien cuu thuc vgt. Nxb Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi, http://www.iucnredlist.org/. Ha Noi.
9. Raunkiaer C. (1934), The life forms of plants and 12. Do Xuan Tnrcmg (2011), Nghien cim linh da statistical plant geography. Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K. dgng thuc vgt cdy go tgi khu Bdo ton thien nhien Dong 10. Nguyin NghTa Thin (1997). Cdm nang nghien SOTI - Ky Thuong, tinh Qudng Ninh, Luan van thac sy cuu da dgng smh vdt. Nxb Nong nghiep, Ha Noi. khoa hpc lam nghiep, Dai hoc Lam nghiep, Ha Ngi.
FLORISTICS IN DONG SON - KY THUONG NATURE RESERVE, QUANG NINH PROVINCE
D u o n g T r u n g H i e u \ C a n K i m H u n g ^ , H o a n g V a n S a m ^ 'North East College of Agriculture and Forestry
^Viet Nam National University of Forestry S U M M A R Y
The flora of Dong Son - Ky Thuong natural reserve, Quang Ninh province diverse in species composition, use, life form, and conservation value. The result of the research shows that 1246 species, 684 genera and 180 families of 5 vascular divisions are Lycopodiophyta, Equisetophyta, PoI>TDodiophyta, Pinophyta, and Magnoliophyta. The result provides 01 newly recorded for the flora of Vietnam {Aquilaria yunnanensis S. C.
Huang belonging to Thymelaeaceae family); 12 families, 67 genera and 218 newly recorded for the flora of Dong Son - Ky Thuong. Dong Son - Ky Thuong flora is diverse in use with 1899 uses and divided into 06 different groups, in which the group of medicinal plants and timber are dominating. Flora in the research area has 05 groups of life forms, in which Phanerophytes (Ph) are the group with the highest rate of 73.84%, it shows that the flora in Dong Son - Ky Thuong has tropical characteristics. The flora of Dong Son - Ky Thuong Nature Reserve also has high conservation value with 115 plant species are threatened at the national and intemational level, there are 53 species listed in Vietnam Red DataBook (2007), 45 species listed m the lUCN Red List (2019) and 14 species listed in Decree 32/2006 of Vietnamese government and 41 species listed in CITES.
Keywords: Conservation, Dong Son - Ky Thuong natural reserve, flora, plant diversity, use value.
Ngay nhan bai Ngay phan bifn Ngay quy^t dinh dang
11/4/2019 09/5/2019 17/5/2019
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 3 - 2019
