33(2): 40-44 Tap chf SINH HOC 6-2011
DAN L I $ U
yi THANH PHAN LOAI VA PHAN
B 6CUA 6 c CAN (GASTROPODA) 6 NUI VOI, HUY$N AN LAO, HAI PHONG
D 6 VAN NHUONG, NG6 THI MINH TrUdng dgi hpc Suphgm Hd Ndi Chdn bung (Gastropoda) la Idp ddng vdt ldn
nhd't trong nganh Thdn mim, cd sd Iugng lodi rd't phong phu, da dang va phan bd rdng. Chan bung d can Id nhung ddng vat sd'ng trong mdi trudng can d vung nui vd ddng bang, trong hang ddng, tren mat ddt vd tren cac thuc vat d can.
Day la nhdm ddng vat Than mim bao gdm cdc loai d'c Cd phdi (Pulmonata) va Cd mang (Prosobranchia) rdt da dang, cd d nhilu noi, nhung tdm quan trgng cua chung vl khoa hgc vd thuc tiln trong mdi trudmg thien nhien cho tdi nay chua dugc nghien cflu ddy du, dac biet vl y nghTa thuc tiln chi thi tinh trang mdi trudng nhu nhiing sinh vat chi thi (bioindicator).
O Viet Nam vd vflng Ddng Duomg ndi chung, cflng vdi d'c nudc nggt, d'c d can cung da dugc dilu tra nghien cflu tfl gifla thl ky XIX.
Iheo tai lieu da bie't, cdc ddn lieu ddu tien vl d'c can d Viet Nam cd trong cdc cdng trirtii khao sat vl trai d'c d can vflng Ddng Duong cua Souleyet trong thdi gian tfl 1841 - 1842, trong dd da ghi nhdn mdt sd lodi d'c can d miln Trung Viet Nam (Armam) tim thd'y d Touranne (Da Ndng) nhu Streptaxis aberratus, S. deflexus, Eulota touranenis....
Cdc cdng trinh nghien cflu vl Than mim phia Bdc Viet Nam xudt hien nhilu trong nfla sau the' ky XIX. Cd thl thdy nhung cdng trinh quan trgng cua nhung chuyen gia dugc bilt de'n nhilu nhu: Morlet (1886, 1891, 1892);
Dautzenberg vd Hamonville (1887);
Dautzenberg (1893); Bavay vd Dautzenberg (1899, 1900, 1901, 1903); Fischer (1848);
MoUendorff (1901); Dautzenberg et Fisher (1905)... [1,2, 3, 5].
Cho d^n nay, cac cdng trinh nghien cflu vl dc can d Viet Nam cdn rd't ft. Ndm 2003, Vermeulen cd ddn lieu vl nhilu lodi d'c can da gap d Pu Ludng, Cflc Phuang vd Ha Long [15].
Nam 2005, Nguyin Xuan Ddng vd cdng su co dl cdp din 2 loai d'c nui khu vuc nui Ba Den (Tdy Ninh) [6]. Ddn lieu mdi nhdt (2007) ciia M. Maassen vd E. Gotenberger cdng bd 3 loai dc can mdi d Pu Ludng (TTianh Hda) va Cat Ba (Hai Phdng) [10].
Vdi nhung Iy do tren, chung tdi dd lua chon khu vuc Nui Voi gin thdnh phd Hai Phdng d^
nghien cflu.
Phia Bdc nui Voi (huyen An Lao, Hai Phdng) giap qudn Kie'n An, phfa Nam giap Tien Lang, phfa tdy gidp Thanh Ha (Hai Duong), phfa Ddng gidp Kiln Thuy. Nfli Voi khd rdng, cd tga dd 20°50'40,51"N
I06°33'46,00"E, vi tri cao nhdt len din 108 m so vdi mat nudc bien.
Nfli Voi chia 2 phin: Nui da vdi va nui dit (ddt feralit vdng dd). Do qua trtnh boat ddng cacxto, nfli dd vdi dang dugc chfl y vi y nghia thuc tiln, ddy Id vung cd phong canh dep, nhilu hang ddng, la khu di tich da dugc Nha nudc xip hang, do dd chiu tdc ddng nhilu cua khach du lich. Lugng mua tuong dd'i cao, trung binh nam tfl 1.600 mm 1.800 mm. Dd dm ldn. trung binh tfl 80% - 85%, cao nhdt vdo thdng 7, tiidng 8.
He thuc vat d phdn nui dd vdi chu ylu la cac cdy tiidn thdo, cdy bui, tiidm tiiuc vdt tiiu5ng xanh. Id rdng. Id kim hodc hdn giao Id rdng, la kim. 6 phdn nui dd't dugc ngudi ddn tdn dung trdng sdn {Manihot esculenta), di {Psidium guyjava), che {Camellia sinensis), khoai {Ipomoea batatas)... hodc trdng bach dan {Eucalyptus spp.), keo tai tugng {Acacia mangium).
I. PHl/ONG PHAP NGHlfeN COtJ
Thdi gian tiiu mdu tfl thdng 08/2008 din 04/2009.
Mdu dugc tiiu tiieo 2 suih cdnh Id nfli dd, nui dd't vd tiiu tiieo 3 dd cao Id chdn nui, lung chflng nfli, dinh nui. Mdu dinh tuJi tiiu td't cd cdc mdu bat gap (ne'u mdu nhilu thu dai dien).
Mdu dinh lugng tiiu trong d vudng 1 ml Dinh hmh vd bdo quan mdu trong cdn 90°, vd chit dugc tdch rieng vd dugc bao qudn khd.
Miu dugc dinh loai dua vdo cdc tdi Ueu cua Bavay vd Dautzenberg, 1899 din 1904; G. W Tryon, 1885, 1886 [1,2, 3,7, 8].
Miu sdp xip theo he thd'ng phan loai cfla Bouchet va Rocroi, 2005 [4]. Luu Uii mdu tai Bd mdn Ddng vat hgc, Khoa Suih hgc, trudng dai hgc Su pham Ha Ndi.
106°33'«J8"
Hinh 1. So dd khu vuc Nfli. Voi (Hdi Phdng) n . KET QUA NGHlfeN CtfU
1. Thanh phan loai Chan bung a khu vtfc nghien curu
Da phdt hien d khu vuc nfli Voi cd 36 lodi dc can (bang 1), tiiudc 2 phdn ldp, 4 bd, 14 hg vd 28 gidng. Vl cd'u tnic phdn loai hgc, cdc hg cd sd lodi nhilu nhdt la Cyclophoridae, Ariophantidae, Camaetudae vd Subulinidae chilm tdi 70% (25/36) sd lodi da gap. Dilu ndy phfl hgp vdi dac dilm chung cua dc can vflng nhiet ddi ndng dm phong phfl cdc hg ndy. Trong thaiih phdn lodi, da sd thudc nhdm dc Cd phdi (Pulmonata) 26 lodi tirong tdng sd 36 lodi, nhdm dc Cd mang (Prosobranchia) chiirn ty le nhd hom. Gidng cd sd lodi nhilu Id Cyclophorus (5 lodi), cdc gidng khdc chi cd tfl 1 dlh 2 lodi. Cdn luu y trong he thdng phan loai bdc gidng cua dc can hien nay itiiay ddi rd't nhilu so vdi trudc ddy tiieo xu hudng hinh tiianh nhilu gidng mdi, vi
vay viec so sdnh vdi cdc din Ueu trudc day cua cdc tdc gia trong vd ngodi nudc cin phai dugc ti^p tuc nghien cflu them.
Trong sd ndy, lodi Ellobium aurismidae thudc rJidm dc Cd phdi, sdng d vflng ven biln tfl Trung Qudc dlh Singapore, khu vuc nfli Voi Id vflng ven biln cho nen cd lodi ndy.
Nhin chung thanh phdn loii dc can khu vuc nfli Voi cd nhflng lodi chung vdi vflng ddo nhu Opeas pyrgula, Opeas gracilia, Opeas filare, Diplommatina herziana (d dao Ddng Sa,
Kiang Su, Hai Nam, Trung Qudc), Coniglobus albius (d Ddi Loan), Cyclophorus siamensis (d PhiUppine) vd mdt vdi lodi chung vdi Nhdt Bin, Malaysia, dac biet Clausilia ardouiniana da gap d vinh Ha Long [10]. Nhan dinh budc diu cd thl thanh phdn loai d'c can dd gap d nui Voi cd xu hudmg gin vdi khu he d'c can mdt sd ddo phia tdy Thdi Binh Duomg gin Viet Nam.
Bdngl
Thanh phdn lodi, sd lugng cd thl (n), dd ciia nhom Chdn bung trin can theo sinh cdnh
phong phii (n%) o' khu vtfc nghiin ciru
s
TT
1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
5.
6.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Thanh phdn loai Prosobranchia
Ncritopsina 1. Hydrocenidae Georissa sulcata fMoUendeirIT, 1884)
2. Helicinidae
Pseudotrochatella nogieri Daut. el d'llam., 1887 Architaenioglossa
3. Cyclophoridae
Cvclophorus diplochilus (MeiUendejrlf, 1894) Cyclophorus siamensis (Sowerby, 1850) Cyclophorus zebrinus (13enson, 1836) Cyclophorus sp. 1
Cyclophorus sp.2 Spirostoma sp.
4. Pupinidae
Pseudopomatias amoneus (MoUendorff, 1885) 5. Diplommatinidae
Diplommatina herziana MoUendorff, 1886 Pulmonata
Archaeopulmonala 6. EUobiidae Ellobium aurismidae Linnaeus, 1758
Stylommatophora 7. Vertiginidae
Gyliolrachela salpinx Benthem-Juttuig, 1961 Vertigo sp.
8. Achatinidae Achatina julica Bov^dich, 1822
9. Ariophantidae Ariophanta inferrupta (Benson, 1834) Euplecta sp. 1
Euplecta sp.2
Indrella ampulla (Benson, 1850) Macrochlamys sp.
Microcystis sp.
Trochomorpha haenseli Schmacker et Boetlger, 1891 10. Camaenidae
Camaena sakishimana T. Kuroda, 1960 Chloritis balantensis Korbelt, 1896 Chloritis sp.
Coniglobus albidus (H. Adams, 1870) Mollendorjfia spurca Bavay et Daut., 1899
Ntii da n
552 5.52 34
34 78 22 9 17
4 12 14 37 37 194 194
29 29 95 94 1 8 8 89
1 5 17
2 2 5 57 50 2 13
1 3 28
n ( % )
45,13 45,13 2,78 2,78 6,38 1,80 0,74
1,39 0,33 0,98 1,14 3,03 3,03 15,86 15,86
2,37 2,37 7,77 7,69 0,08 0,65 0,65 7,28 0,08 0,41 1,39 0,16 0,16 0,41 4,66 4,09 0,16 1,06 0,08 0,25 2,29
Nui dat n
110 12
4 15
5 5 69 56 56
27 27
35 25 2
n(%)
46,42 5,06 1,69 6,33 2,11 2,11 29,12 23,63 23,63
11,39 11,39
14,77_
10,5^
0,84
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Satsuma mercatoria (Pfeiffer, 1845) 11. Clausiliidae Clausilia ardouiniana Heuse, 1882 12. Helicarionidae Sasakina sp.
13. Streptaxidae
Oophana thamnophila Van Benthem, 1954 14. Subulinidae
Allopeas gracilis {}\\xllor\, 1834)
Allopeas pyrgula (Schmacker et Boetlger, 1891) Opeas filare {Heude, 1882)
Pseudopeas douvillei (Dautz. et Fisch) Pseudopeas lavillei Dautz. et Fisch, 1908 Tortaxis erectus (Benson, 1842)
Tdng
Tyle
3 18 18 6 6 1 1 32 4 5 5 9 3 6 1.223 83,7%
0,25 1,47 1,47 0,49 0,49 0,08 0,08 2,62 0,33 0,41 0,41 0,74 0,25 0,49 100
8
9
2 5 2 237 16,2%
3,38
3,79
0,84 2,11 0,84 100
Hg Hyeirocenidae cd sd' lugng cd thl cao nhdt khoang hom 1/3 sd cd till (37,81%), tiifl 2 Id Diplonunatuudae (13,29%), tilp tiieo la Cyclophoridae (12,88%). Cdc hg cdn lai diu cd sd lugng cd thl dudi 1%, thdm chi cdn 2 hg dudi 1% (HeUcarionidae vd Achatuiidae).
Hg Ariophantidae cd sd' gid'ng nhilu nhdt vdi 6 gidng (21,43%), thfl 2 Id Camaenidae vdi 5 gid'ng (17,86%), tiifl 3 Id SubuUnidae vdi 4 gidng (14,29%), thfl 4 la Cyclophoridae vd Vertigirudae vdi 2 gid'ng chilm 7,14%, vd cac hg cdn lai chi cd 1 gidng chiirn 3,57%.
Hg Ariophantidae cd sd lodi nhilu nhdt vdi 7 lodi (19,44%), tiifl 2 Id SubuUnidae, Cyclophoridae vd Camaerudae vdi 6 lodi (16,67%), tiifl 3 Id Vertiguiidae vdi 2 lodi (5,56%) vd cdc hg cdn lai chi cd 1 lodi chie'm 2,78%. VI mat suih thdi, Ariophantidae cung Id hg tiiudng phan bd d vung dm va thfch nghi vdi nai cd tham tiiuc vat ddy.
Lodi Georissa sulcata cd sd lugng cd till nhilu nhdt chil^m 37,81% tdng sd cd till;
Oophana thamnophila, Ariophanta inferrupta, Chloritis sp. vd Vertigo sp. cd sd lugng cd thl ft nhdt, chilm 0,07%.
2. Dac trtfng phan bo
Sutii canh nfli da vdi phong phu hom, chil^m 83,77% tdng sd cd till vd 36/36 sd loai da phdt hien d khu vuc ndy. Siitii cdnh nfli ddt dd phong phfl tiidp han'chil^m 16,23% sd cd thl vd chi gap 14 lodi (bang 1). Theo dd cao cua nfli, cd thl
chia thanh 3 vdnh dai:
6 gin dinh nfli gap 12 loai (33,33%) trong tdng sd cdc lodi thu dugc, uu thl rJidt la Georissa sulcata vd Pseudopomatias amoneus (chilm 71,5 %).
6 lung chiing nfli gap du ca 36 loai, trong dd loai uu thl nha't la Georissa sulcata, Spirostoma sp. va Diplommatina herziana chilm tdi 44,8%,.
CJ chan nui gap 9 lodi chiirn 25%; trong dd cac loai uu thl la Achat ina fulica, Gyliolrachela salpinx, Satsuma mercatoria vd Cyclophorus diplochilus (73,08%).
Vl sinh khdi, cdc lodi gap d chan nui thucmg cd kich thudc va trgng lugng ldm hom cdc sinh canh khdc.
III. K £ T LUAN
Da phat hien d khu vuc nui Voi (Hdi Phdng) 36 lodi dc can thudc 28 gid'ng, 14 hg vd 4 bd.
Trong dd, Hydrocerudae, Diplommatinidae, Cyclophoridae chilm uu tiie'. Hydrocenidae cd sd lugng ca thl nhilu nhdt chilm 38,71%, cd sd luomg cd thl It nhd't Id hg Streptaxidae chi chie'm 0,08%.
Phan bd cua d'c can theo sinh canh cd su khac biet rd ret gifla nui dd vdi vd nui ddt. O nui dd vdi thanh phin lodi phong phfl rJiilu hem han nfli ddt, cd tdi 83,7% ttdn tdng sd loai. d lung chflng nfli cd sd lodi phong phfl nhdt, d chdn nfli vd dinh nfli cd sd lodi it hom.
8.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 9.
Bavay et Dauzenberg, 1899: Description des Coquilles nouvellcs de LTndo Chine.
Extrait du Joumal de Conchyliologie. | o Bavay et Dauzenberg, 1908: Extrait du
Joumal de Conchyliologie.
Bavay et Dauzenberg, 1909: Extrait du Joumal de Conchyliologie, vol. LVII: 5-32.
81-105,163-206,279-288. IL Bouchet P. & Rocroi J. P.. 2005:
Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology. 47(1-2).
Dautzenberg et Fischer, 1908: Extrait du Joumal de Conchyliogie. vol. LVI. P.: 169- 217.
Nguyin Xudn Dong, Nguyin Quy Tudn, Hoang Diifc Dat, 2005: Din lieu sinh hgc 2 lodi dc nui Ba Den tinh Tay Ninh. Nhung vdn d l CO ban trong khoa hgc su sd'ng.
Nxb. Khoa hgc va Ky thuat. Ha Ndi.
George W. Tryon, 1885: Manual of Conchology. Vol. I. Philadelphia: Academy
of Natural Sciences, 6-364. 15 George W. Tryon, 1886: Manual of
Conchology. Vol. II. Philadelphia: Academy of Natural Sciences, 6-265.
12.
13.
14,
Hsieh, Bo Chuan, Hwang, Chung Chl Wu, Shu Ping, 2006: Landsnails of Taiwan.
Forestry Bureau Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan, Taipei Taiwan, R. O. C.
W. .1. IM. Maassen, E. Gottenberger, 2007:
Three new Clausiliid land snails from Temkin, northem Vietnam (Gasfl-opoda:
Pulmonata: Clausiliidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 81-1.
J. E. Morton and J. Machin, 1949: A key to the land snails of the flatford area, Suffolk. Department of Zoology, Queen Mary College, University of London.
Teng Chien Yen, 1939: Die chinesischen Land und Susswas.ser Gastropexien des Natur Museum Senchenberg. Alle Rechte vorbehalten Printed in Germany.
Dang Nggc Thanh, 2008: Tap chi Sinh hoc, 30(4): 1-15.
Van Benthem Jutting W. S. S., 1954: The Malayan Streptaxidae of the genera Discartemon and Oophana. The BuUetin of the Raffles Museum, 25: 71-106.
J. J. Vermeulen and W. J. M.. 2003: The non-marine MoUusca fauna of the Pu Luong, Cue Phuong, Phu Ly, and Ha Long regions in Northem Viemam. A survey for the Vietnam Programme of FFI. 1-26.
DATA ON SPECIES COMPOSITION A N D DISTRIBUTION OF LAND SNAIL'S FAUNA (GASTROPODA) ON NUI VOI HILL, AN L A O DISTRICT,
HAI P H O N G P R O V I N C E
DO VAN NHUONG, NGO THI MINH SUMMARY
In this report, we provide information about composition species, distribution of land snails and difference of them about habitats and topographies on Nui Voi, Hai Phong.
Based on analysis of land snail samples collected from Nui Voi hill in Hai Phong province, research results show that land snail fauna has 36 species belong to 28 genera, 14 families, 4 orders (Neritopsinai Architaenioglossa, Archaeopulmonala and Stylommatophora) and 2 subclasses Prosobranchia and Puhnonata.
In which, I^llmonata occupied 72.2% of total recorded species in survey area. The most in number of species in Cyclophoridae, Ariophantidae, Camaenidae and Subulinidae.
Distribution about habitat is very different. Number of landsnail species on the limestone mountains is more abundant than on feralit soil mountains. In this species composition, some species {Opeas pyrgula, 0.
gracilia, O. filare, Diplommatina herziana, Coniglobus albius and Cyclophorus siamensis) were also recorded on many islands in the Westem Pacific Ocean region. Preliminary comments show that the landsnails fauna on this area close to fauna of many islands in the westem Pacific Ocean (Hainan island, the PhUippines, Malaysia...).
Ngdy nhgn bdi; 16-7-2009