T r ^ van Thang va Dig Tap chl KHOA HOC & CONQ NGHE 123(09): 113-118
DANH GIA T H y c TR^NG DAN BO H'MONG NUOI TRONG NONG HO TAI HUYEN BAO LAM TINH CAO B A N G
Tran Van Thdng'", Mai Anh Khoa^, Nguyen Thu Phutrng', Nguyin Hung Quang', Trdn Hufi Vifin', Nguyen Hiru Tra^, Nguyen Huu Cuimg'*
'Trudng Dai HQC Nong Ldm ~ DH Thdi Nguyen. 'Dai hoc Thdi Nguyen.
Trung tdm Nghien cuu vd Phal triin chdn nuoi mien nui. Bo Khoa hoc va Cdng ngh?
TOM TAT
Nghien ctiu dugc tifin hdnh tren dan bd H'Mong nudi tai huyen Bao Ldm, tinh Cao Bdng nham ddnh gia thyc trang dan bd t£ii ddy, Cac chi tieu nghien ciim gom cd: ca cdu dan bo H'Mong, khoi lugng vd kich thudc mot s6 chifiu do, mot s6 chi tifiu sinh ly sinh sdn ciia bo cdi. Ttr kfit qua nghien ctiu la CO sd khoa hgc giup cho cong tdc chon lpc, nhan giong va khai thac ngudn gen bo H'Mong dfi phdt trifin ddn bo ca vk so lugng va chat lugng. Kef qud khao sat cho thay co cdu dan bd H'Mong chua thuc su hgp ly, vi sd lugng bd H'mong trfin 36 thang tuoi chifim 48,25%, cdn lai 51,75% Id bd dudi 36 thang tuoi, Ty lfi gida bo dye giong va cai sinh san la 1:3,2 Bd H'Mong cd kh6i lugng d miic do trung binh, d 36 thang tuoi con due la 250,23 kg va con cai la 202,11 kg va khoi lugng ndy thdp han rat nhifiu so vdi bo H'Mong nuoi tai Hd Giang. Khd ndng sinh truong thap giai doan tir sa sinh dfin 6 thang tuoi d con dye la 406,16 g/con/ngay va con cai la 341,50 g/con/ngay Khd ndng sinh sdn cita bd cdi H'Mong nuoi tai Bao Lam la kha tfit, tuy nhifin tudi dong due ldn ddu va tudi de lira dau chdm hon so vdi bo H'Mong nuoi d tinh Hd Giang.
Til' khda: Bd H 'Mong; Ca cdu dan; Kich thu&c cdc chiiu do: Sinh tru&ng; Sinh sdn DAT VAN DE
Bd H'Mdng Id nhdm gidng bd do ngudi H'Mong sdng d khu vyc mifin nui phia Bac tao nen tir lau ddi. Gidng bd nay dugc phan bd d cac tinh nhu: Ha Giang, Bac Kan, Gao Bdng, Lai Chau, Son La, trong do tap trung cao d dia ban vitng cao nui da Hd Giang.
Ciing vdi ngudi H'Mdng, bd H'Mdng sinh sdng ban cd lap d do cao tren 1000 m so vdi myc nudc bifin, nen chiing it bj lai tap vdi cac gidng bd khac. Giong bd H'Mdng cd uu thfi thich nghi cao vdi dieu kifin sinh thai khd lanh ciia vimg cao, ciing nhu vdi cac dieu kien chdm sdc nudi dudng theo tap quan cita ngudi dan vimg cao. 86 H'Mdng cd kha ndng san xuat thit t6t, dugc cho ia con "bd sieu thjt"
ciia Vi^t Nam. Kha nang san xuat thit cua bd H'Mdng cao han han cdc gidng bd dia phuong khdc CLia nudc ta, thit bd H'Mdng tham ngon va mfim. Bd H'Mdng cd ti le thjt xe kha cao 52,12%, ti Ie thjt tinh dat 40,33%, so vdi bd Vang ti le nay la 42% va 33% [5], tuy nhifin
Tet 0962827268, Email iranvanihang68%\ahoo a
nd van thap hon cac gidng bd chuyfin thit nhap ndi [1].
Cao Bang la mdt tinh mien nui, nam d phia Ddng Bac Viet Nam cd tiem nang phdt trifin chan nudi dat gia sue, dac biet la gidng bd H'Mdng da duac chdn nudi tir rat lau ddt d day, Chimg dugc nudi tap trung chii yfiu d cdc huyen Bao Lam, Bao Lac, Nguyen Binh vd Triing Khanh. Tuy nhien, theo Sd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn tinh Cao Bang nam 2012 tdng dan bd la 121,092 con, so vdi ciing ky ndm 2011 giam 1.481 con (-1,21%).
Nguyen nhan tdng dan bd cua tinh giam manh la do xu the co gidi hod trong san xuat ndng nghiep da lam giam sd lugng bd cay keo va do sd lugng bd ban va giet md tang, Ben canh dd, chat lugng dan bd cung suy giam do hien tugng chgn Igc ngugc vi nhirng con bd to beo dugc ban cho giet thjt cdn nhii'ng con nhd be thi de lai lam gidng. Do dd van de can dat ra trong thdi diem hifin nay ddi vdi tinh Cao Bdng la chgn Igc, nhan gidng va khai thac ngudn gen bd H'Mdng de phdt trien dan bd ca ve sd lugng va chat Urgng.
113
Trdn Van Thang va Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGH$ 123(09): 113-118 Xudt phat tir nhung thuc te tren, de cd dinh
hudng va chien luge phat trien chan nudi bd trong thdi gian tdi thi viec danh gia thyc trang dan bd de tir dd cd bien phap ky thuat can thifit nang cao sd lugng va chat lugng dan bd la can thiet va cap bach.
VAT LEEU, PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU Doi tirong nghien cuu
- Bd H'Mdng dugc nudi trong cac hd chan nuoi huyen Bao Lam, tinh Cao Bang d cac Ida tuoi,
Bia diem, th&i gian nghien ciru - Dia diem: Nghien ciru dugc thyc hien bang each dieu tra, khao sat va bd tri theo doi trong cac hd chan nudi bd H'Mdng thit tren dia ban huyfin Bao Lam, tinh Gao Bang
• Th&i gian: 1/2011 -12/2012 Npi dung nghien ciru
• Danh gia thyc trang tinh hinh chdn nudi bd tai huyen Bao Lam, tinh Cao Bdng.
Danh gia kha nang sinh truang cua bd H'Mdng nudi tai ndng hd.
- Danh gia kha ndng sinh san cita bd H'Mdng nudi tai ndnghd.
Cdc chi tieu vd phuffng phdp nghien ciru Thdng tin thu cap dugc thu thap tir cac ngudn bao cao hoat ddng chan nudi bd tai cac CO quan quan ly ciia huyen trong thdi gian gan day.
- Thdng tin sa cap ve tinh hinh chan nudi d ndng hg dugc thu thap thdng qua difiu tra tai cac hg ndng dan nudi bd H'Mdng tai huyen Bao Lam tinh Gao Bang,
- Chi tifiu va phuang phap nghien ciru sinh trudng ciia bd nhu sau:
+ Xac djnh khdi lugng be bdng each can tryc tiep. Khdi lugng cua bd dugc tinh dya tren sd lieu va kich thudc cac chieu do theo cdng thiic P(kg) = 90 X Vdng ngyc' (m) x Dai than cheo (m) (± 5%)
+ Sinh trudng tuyet ddi: Bieu hien sy tang khdi lugng, kich thudc co the trong mgt dan vj thdi gian va dugc tinh theo cdng thirc:
W2-W]
R = t2 - It
Trong do: R: sinh trudng tuyet ddi (g/ngay) W|,W2: Khdi lugng ban dau va ket thiic ii, 12: Thdi gian ban ddu va thdi gian kfit thiic + Xac dinh ki'ch thudc cac chieu do nhu vdng ngyc, dai than cheo, cao vay bang thudc day va thudc gay.
+ Kha nang sinh san ciia dan bd cai: Tudi de liia ddu; Khoang each hai Itia de dugc tien hanh bdng each theo ddi va dieu tra tai nong hg.
Xir ly so lieu
Tdt ca cac sd lieu dugc ma hda, quan Iy bang phdn mdm Microsoft Office Excel va xii ly bdng phan mem Minitab 14. Cac tham so thong ke trinh bay trong cac bang ket qua bao gom: Dung lugng mdu (n), trung binh cgng (X), sai sd CLia sd trung binh (nii^), KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
Co cau dan bo H'Mdng nuoi tai huyen Bao Lam, tinh Cao Bang
Sd lieu d bang tren cho thay trong 1.177 con bd cita huyen cd 710 con bd cai, chiem 60,32% va sd bd dye la 467 con, chiem 39,68%. Nhu vay sd lugng bd cai gap 1,52 lan sd lugng bd due. Dieu nay cho thay day la dieu kien thuan lgi cho sy tang sd lugng dan bd. Tuy nhien, sd lugng bd dye dudi 36 thang tudi chiem 28,22% cao hon chut it so vdi bo cai trong do tudi (25,23%). Ket qua nay cho thay sd lugng be dye sinh ra chifim ty le cao hon so vdi bfi cai. Khi so sanh bd cai tren 36 thang tudi va bd dye thi thay bd cai chifim 36,78%, cdn bd dye chi chiem 11,47%, Ty le bd due trong do tudi sinh san so vdi bd cai sinh san cua huyen Bao Lam la 1: 3,2. Tuy nhien, ty le bd dye gidng so vdi bd cai sinh san thi'ch hgp nhat la 1:15 trong chan nudi cdng nghiep, Dieu nay cho thdy mgt thuc te la bd H'Mdng dye d day chii yeu nudi de cay keo, khdng nudi de lam gidng nhung vdn tham gia vao qua trinh sinh san. Day la mpt
Tran Vdn Thdng vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09)- 113-118 trong nhiing nguyen nhan lam cho tdm vdc va
khdi lugng ciia dan bd sau nay gidm siit, difiu nay ciing phii hgp vai cac danh gia va khuyfin cdo trudc day tai cac dja phuang khdc [2].
Kha nang sinh trirong cua dan bd H'Mong nuoi t^i Bao Lam
Sinh trudng cua bd la mgt tinh trang quan trgng chiu sy chi phoi cua tinh di truyen va dieu kien ngoai canh. He sd di truyfin ciia tinh trang h^ = 0,3 - 0,6 [8]. Tmh trang sinh trudng dugc nghien ciiu kha phd bien, khdi lugng, kich thudc cac chieu do tren ca the gia sue Id cac tinh trang dugc ditng de danh gia kha nang sdn xuat va su phat trien can ddi cua ca thfi con vat. Tt'nh trang nay lien quan tdi kha nang san xuat thit cua bd va cung la chi tieu phan anh gia tri kinh te quan trgng ciia chiing, Ket qua bang 2 cho thdy: Khdi lugng sa sinh con dye dat 17,34 kg va con cdi dat 16,87 kg, hon nhau 2,79%, bd due den thdi diem 6 thdng con dye dat 87,45 kg, con cai dat 78,34 kg, han nhau 11,63%, nhung dfin 12 thang ty Bang 1. Ca cdu ddn bo H'Mdng
le giu'a con due va con cai tang len 14,43%, Nghien ciiu d Ha Giang cho thay khdi lugng so sinh ciia be tai Ha Giang con cai 18,2 kg va con dye 21,2 kg, khdi lugng den 12 thang tudi con cai dat 181,5 kg vd con dye la 187,0 kg [7]. Nhu vay khdi lugng cua bd d Bdo Lam vdi bd d Ha Giang la thap hon kha ro ret d ciing do tudi, Dfin 36 thang tudi, bd due cd khdi lugng 250,23 kg va bd cai cd khdi lugng 202,11 kg, su ehfinh lech nay la rd ret (P<0,05). Ket qua nghien ciiu nay chi ra bd H'Mdng d Bao Lam cd khdi lugng nhd hon kha rd ret so vdi ket qua nghien ctiu d Ha Giang [7], khdi lugng bd 36 thdng d Ha Giang con cai 280,7 kg, con dye 371,5 kg.
Tuy nhien, mgt nghien ciru trudc da cho biet [5] bd due H'Mdng cd khoi lugng 400 - 450 kg, bd cai 220 - 250 kg. Nhu vay so vdi ket qua difiu tra trudc khdi lugng bd H'Mdng da cd xu hudng giam khdi lugng, nguyen nhan cd thfi do cdng tac chgn Igc, chgn phdi va quan ly dan bd khdng dugc quan tam chii trong,
nudi tgi huyen Bdo Ldm, tinh Cao Bdng
Dja diem (xa) Thai Hijc Thai Son Nam Quang Tan Vift Quang Lam Thach Lam Thai Hpc
Tong so
% so vdri tflng dan
% theo tinh biet
,.
(thing) So sinh 6 12 24 36
>36 So lugng
b6 (con)
318 239 120 134 137 127 102 1177
Tong so 198 143 75 86 87 78 43 710 60,32
B6ca
<12 thang
40 30 12 15 18 13 7 135 11,47 Bang 2. Khoi lucmg cue n
(con) 63 67 87 44 71 135
Bddu-c X z n i x 17,34 ± 87,45 ±
1,64"
1,65"
135,67+ 1,56"
196,77 + 250,23 + 306,73 +
;2,78' :3,56"
: 5,78"
i(con) 12-36 thang 40 29 15 17 17 16 9 142 12.06
>36 thang
118 84 48 54 52 49 27 43J 36,78
120 96 45 48 SO 49 59 467 39,68
^ bo H 'Mong qua cac giai dogr, n
(con) 66 69 30 66 46 433
Bo cai
\-
16,87:
78,34:
118,56 165,08 202,11 230,78
ms + 1.67"
t 2,45'
± 3,56"
±3,56'
±4,57'
± 6,78'
Bd tiuc (con)
<12 12-36 thang thang
36 62 30 36 13 17 16 15 15 27 12 17 8 28 130 202 11,06 17,16 1 tuoi
So sanh Si'i (kg)
0,47 9,11 17,11 31,69 48,12 75,95
>36 thang
22 30 15 17 8 20 23 135 11,47
(%)
2,79 11,63 14,43 19,20 23,81 32.91
* Cdc sd trung binh mang chir cdi a, b khdc nhau trin ciing mdl hdng ngang thi khdc nhau co y nghia ihdng ke (P<0.05)
Tran Van Thang va Dig Tap chl KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 113-118 Bang 3: Sinh trucmg tuyet doi ciia bo H'Mdng,
Giai doan (thang tu6i)
S S - 6
> 6 - 12
> 1 2 - 2 4
>24 - 36
>36 - 48 Trung binh tir SS
Tinh biet
Tuoi Tuoi Don:
-4S
Cai 341,50 223,44 127,45 101,45 78,54 I46,S
tmoi tai Bdo Ldm (gamJcon/ngdy)
Bang 4: Kicli thudc moi so chieu do chinh cua bo H'Mong nuoi Tuoi
(thang) ( So smh
6 12 24 36
>36 Sa sinh
6 12 24 36
>36 Bang 5:
Chi con)
63 67 87 44 71 135 66 69 30 66 46 433 Klid ndng tieu dpng due lan dau (thang) de lira dilu (thang) g due lai sau dt • (Ihang) Khoang each lira de (thang)
Vong nguc (cm) X - m , 78,45 ± 3,45 98,77 ± 3 , 6 5 120,89 ± 2 , 4 5 144,23 ± 3 , 7 6 148,44 ± 4 , 7 0 165,34 ± 4 , 8 0 73.56 ± 2 , 6 7 89.78 ± 2 , 8 7 118,68 ±3,89 135,24 + 3,78 143,45+4,36 160,71 + 7 , 8 9
406,16 251,22 167,39 146,46 154,79 in,2i tai Bdo Ldm Dai than cheo (cm) Cao vay (cm)
X — m ^ 6 5 , 3 3 + 2 , 7 8 88,45 ± 2,89 95,66 + 2,92 105,57 + 3,89 112,82+4,56 1 1 5 , 6 2 + 4 , 9 8 63,45 + 3,78 87,23 + 3,67 92,45 + 3,90 98,23 + 4,67 103,12 + 5.17 112,12 + 5,23 sinh sdn ciia bo cdi giong H'Mdng huyen ,
n 1(con) 212 318 178 105
X — ni^
72,78 ± 3,23 88,45 ± 3,67 97,34 + 3,98 100,56 + 4,78 112,23+5,65 117,91 ±5,89 70,61 ±2,78 82,34 + 3,45 96,32 + 3,89 99,12 + 4,78 102,89 + 4,65 114,02 + 4,78 Bdo Ldm
X — m^
2 6 , 6 8 + 10,45 36,78 + 9,46
3,58 + 7,98 12,79 + 6,45 Sinh trudng tuyet ddi ciia bd H'Mdng nudi tai
Bao Lam d giai doan sa sinh - 6 thang tudi dat cao nhdt tir 341,5 - 406,16 g, sau do sinh trudng tuyfit ddi cd xu hudng gidm dan den giai doan 36 - 48 thang tudi chi cdn 78,54 g d con cai va 154,79 g d con dye. Bd dye sinh trudng tuyfit ddi cao han so vdi bd cai.
Su thay ddi ciia sinh trydng tuyet ddi nhu tren hoan toan phu hgp vdi quy luat sinh trudng phat trien theo gtai doan cita gia siic, Giai doan tir sa sinh den 6 thang tudi la giai doan gia sue non cd qua trinh sinh trudng. phdt trien manh, ngudn thuc an dugc cung cdp ttr ngudn siia me cd ham lugng dinh dudng cao.
Den giai doan 6-12 thang tudi, be dugc cho cai siia, ngudn thu nhan dinh dudng qua siia
me khdng cdn, kha nang tiep thu chat dinh dudng qua thirc an cdn han che nen viec tang khdi lugng giam so vdi giai doan trudc do la dieu khdng the tranh khoi.
Mgt so kfch thudc mot so chieu do chinb ciia bd H'Mdng nuoi tai Bao Lam De danh gia su phat trien cua ca the bo H'Mdng qua cac giai doan tudi, chimg tdi tien hanh xac dinh kich thudc cac chieu do vdng ngyc, dai than cheo, cao vay. Vdng ngyc ciJa bd H'Mdng cd sy tang dan theo thang tudi, tuan theo quy luat sinh trudng phat trifin theo giai doan. Dai than cheo tuong quan thuyin vdi khdi lugng cua bd, vi vay ngudi ta sir dung chieu do dai than cheo cua bd dfi ti'nh toan khdi lugng ciia gia siic.
116
Tran Vdn Thdng vd Dtg T?p chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 113-118 Ket qua d bang 4 cho thay: Vdng ngyc cua bd
due cao hon bo cai trong tdt ca cac giai doan phat trien. Theo mgt sd tac gia [6], chifiu do vdng ngyc cd tuang quan chat che vdi khdi lugng ciia bd (r > 0,85), do vay trong thyc tfi thudng sir dyng chieu do vdng nguc de xay dung cdng thiic tinh khdi lugng cho bd thit.
Kich thudc vdng ngyc khdng nhirng chi phy thugc vao chat lucmg gidng ma yeu td cham sdc nudi dudng cung cd tac ddng rdt ldn. C) bd nudi theo ddi vdi che do cham sdc nudi dudng tdt, on dinh, vdng ngyc ldn hon bd nudi trong ndng hd [3]. Nghien ctiu trfin dan bd Brahman nudi trong ndng hg d Binh Dinh [9] cho kfit qud trung binh kich thudc cac chieu do: luc 6 thang tudi vdng ngyc 116,8 cm; luc 12 thdng tudi vdng ngyc 131,7cm, So vdi cac ket qua tren thi ket qua nghien ctiu ciia chiing tdi thdp hon ro ret, Nhu vay, viec danh gid mgt sd chi tieu ve hinh the ciia bd H'Mdng: Gao vay, vdng n g u c . va so sanh vdi bd Brahman, la gidng bd san xuat thjt cho nang sudt cao. Ghung tdi nhan thay bd H'Mdng cd cac sd do hinh the khdng thua kem nhieu so vdi gidng bd Brahman, Mgt so chl tieu sinh ly sinh san ciia bd cai giong H'Mdng if cac lira tudi
Bd vang Viet Nam ndi chung, bd H'Mdng ndi rifing cd kha ndng sinh san tdt. Thudng 18 - 24 thang tudi bd da ddng due va cd khd nang phdi giong [4], Kfit qua khao sat kha ndng sinh sdn ctia bd cai gidng H'Mdng tai Bdo Lam, Cao Bang dugc the hien tai bang sau.
Tudi de lira dau cd tac ddng tdt den nang cao nang xuat ctia bd khi vao thdi ky sinh san, bd H'Mdng nudi tai Bao Lam cd tudi ddng due lan dau la 26,68 thang, tudi de lira dau la 36,78 thang. So vdi ket nghien ciru trudc dd [12] thi bd H'Mdng nudi tai Bao Lam cd tudi de Ilia dau cham han chiit it. Dgng dye lai sau de cho phep nit ngan khoang each lira de, thdi gian dgng dye lai sau de ciia bd H'Mdng nudi t^i Bao Lam la 3.58 thang, so vdi ket qua nghien ciru ciia mgt so tac gia khdc [10] ve bd vang Vi?t nam thai gian dgng due lai sau de
la 4,27 thang. Nhu vay bd H'Mdng nudi d Bao Lam cd thdi gian ddng dye lai sau de sdm hon va dieu nay cd the dugc giai thich la do dieu kien viing cao cd nguon thiic an ddi dao nfin gdp phan rut ngdn khoang each liia de chi cdn 12,79 thang.
KET LUAN
Co cau dan bd H'Mdng nudi tai huyen Bao Lam cua tinh Cao Bdng cho thay sd lugng bd H'Mdng tren 36 thang tudi chifim 48,25%, cdn lai 51,75% la bd dudi 36 thang tudi. Ty le giira bd dye gidng vd cai sinh san khdng hgp ly (1 ;3,2), nguyen nhdn la do myc dfch ciia chan nudi bd H'Mdng chii yeu dfi cdy keo.
Khdi lugng ciia bd H'Mdng nudi d huyfin Bao Lam, tinh Gao Bang dat mtic do trung binh, d 36 thang tudi con dye la 250,23 kg va con cai la 202,11 kg va cd khdi lugng thap han rdt nhifiu so vdi bd H'Mdng nudi tai Ha Giang. Khd ndng sinh trudng thap giai doan tir sa sinh den 6 thang tudi d con dye la 406,16 g/con/ngdy va con cai la 341,50 g/con/ngay. Nguyen nhan khdi lygng nhd va kha nang sinh trudng Ihap cd the do cdng tac gidng khdng dugc quan tam, giao phdi can huyet dnh hudng Idn dfin tam vdc cua bd Mdng.
Kha ndng sinh sdn ciia bd cai H'Mong nudi tai Bao Lam la kha tdt, tuy nhien tudi ddng due lan dau va tudi de lira ddu cham han so vdi bd H'Mdng nudi d tinh Ha Giang.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Dinh Vdn Cai (2006), ''Kel qud nghifin ciiu nhan thudn giong bo Ihit Drought Master nhap ndi nudi lai mot so tinh phia nam", Tap chi Chdn nudi, sd 1,
2, Nguyfin Kim Dudng (2008), "Mdl so vdn di hiin trgng chan nudi bd a Nghi An ", Tap chi Khoa hoc, Cdng nghe Chdn nudi, Sfi 13, yang 12-19 3. Pham The Hue (1997), Nghien cicu mdl sd tinh trang ndng sudt chii yiu ciia bd dia phuang vd bd lai Fl (Red Sindhi " bd Dia phuang) lai Ddk Ldk, Luan v5n Thac sy Khoa hpc Nong nghiep, 4, Le Quang Nghifip (1984). Mgt sd ddc diim chung ve smh truang. cdy keo. cho thil cua bo
117
Trdn Van Thang va Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 123(09): 113-118
vkng Thanh Hda va kel qud lai vol bo Zebu, Luan 9. Nguyfin Xuan Trach (2007), Gido trinh chdn nuoi an Phd Tifin sy Nong nghifip, Hd Ndi. trdu bd. Trudng Dai hoc Ndng nghiep I, Ha Npi.
6. Nguyen Van Nifim, Dd Huu Hoan, Luu Cdng 10. Hodng Vdn Trudng (2001), "Kfit qud nghien Khdnh va Dd Xuan Cdn, (2001), "Ddc difim sinh ctiu kha ndng sinh trudng, sinh sdn cua bo lai hoc, kha ndng sdn xuat vd phat trien chan nudi bd Brahman nuoi tai tinh Binh Dinh", Bdo cdo khoa vdng Ha Giang tai cac tinh mien niii phi'a Bac", hoc Chan nudi Thu y. TP Hd Chi Minh 10 - Bdo cdo khoa hgc chdn nuoi thii y 1999-2000, Nha 12/4/2001.
xuat ban Hd npi, Tr. 9 2 - 1 0 5 . 11 Dinh Vdn Tuyen, Nguyfin Quoc Dgt, 7. VU Vdn Ndi, VU Chi Cuang, Pham Kim Cuang. Nguyfin Vdn Hiing va Nguyfin Thanh Binh vd Nguyin Qudc Dal (1995), "Kit qud lai kinh li (2008), "Mpt sd chi tieu sinh san ctia bd Brahman bo thit cdc linh phia Nam " Nudi bd thit vd nhirng va Drought Master ngoai nhdp 3 Itia Dau nuoi l£ii kit qud bu&c ddu nghiin cuu bu&c ddu a Viet thanh phd Hd Chf Minh va kha ndng sinh trudng Nam. Nhd xudi bdn Ndng nghiep, Hd Ndi. ciia be sinh ra tir chiing". Tap chi Khoa hgc Cong 8. Nguyen Dam Thuyen (2012), Nghiin ciru mgt nghe chdn nudi, Viin chan nuoi. Sd 15, tr, 16-23.
sd ddc diim sinh tru&ng vd khd ndng sdn xudt thtt 12. Tran Xuan Vu (2012), Nghien ciru mdt sd dac cua bd H'Mdng nuoi lgi huyin Meo Vgc. tinh Hd diem sinh sdn ciia bd H'Mdng nuoi lgi huyen Giang, Ludn van Thac sT khoa hoc nong nghifip, Ddng Vdn linh Hd Giang, Luan vdn Thac sT khoa Dai hoc Nong lam Thai Nguyen hpc ndng nghiep, D^i hpc Ndng lam Thai Nguyen.
S U M M A R Y
E V A L U A T I O N O N C U R R E N T H ' M O N G C A T T L E H E R D R E A R I N G A T H O U S E H O L D IN B A O L A M D I S T R I C T , C A O B A N G P R O V I N C E
Tran Van Thang'', IWai Anh Khoa^
Nguyen Thu Phuong', Nguyen Hung Quang', Tran Hue Vien', Nguyen Huu Tra^, Nguyen Huu Cuong"
College of .Agriculture and Foresliy - TNU. ^Thai Nguyen University, Research and developmenl centers of mountainous livestock
Ministry of Science and Technology The study was carried out on the H'Mong cattle herds rearing at households in Bao Lam district, Cao Bang province to evaluate the current status, growth, body indexes and some reproductivities.
The research indices Included- H'Mong cattle herd stt-ucture, body weight, body size indices and some reproductive indicators of female cattle The resuhs of this study are the scientific base for selection, reproduction and exploitation the genetic source of H'Mong cattle in order to develop the cattle herd in both quantity and quality. The results showed that the structure of the herd is not really reasonable because the number of H'Mong cattle over 36 months of age was 48.25% while that under 36 months of age was 51,75%, The rate of bull/reproductive female was higher than requirement Body weight of H'Mong male and female cattle at 36 months of age was 250.23 kg and 202.11 kg, respectively and this body weight was lower than that in H ' M o n g cattle in Ha Giang province. The absolute growth of H'Mong cattle from newborn to 6 months of age in male and female was 406,16 and 341.50 g/head/day, respectively Reproductive ability of H'Mong cattle rearing at Bao Lam was relative good but the age of first in heat and first give birth were lower than that in H'Mong female cattle rearing in Ha Giang province.
Keywords: H'Mong cattle: Herd structure. Body size indices; Gro-^th; Reproduction
Ngdy nhgn bdr 12/3/2014. Ngdy phdn biin.27/3/2014. Ngdy duyit ddng- 20/8/2014 Phdn bien khoa hoc: PGS. TS. Trdn Vdn Tu&ng - Dai hgc Thdi Nguyen
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