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DANH GIA HIEN TRANG NHAN THlfC VA AP DUNG SAN XUAT SACH HCfN CUA CAC Cd SCf SAN XUAT CONG NGHIEP
TREN DIA BAN TINH TIEN GIANG
» NGUYEN THj HONG NHUNG - DINH HOANG VINH - PHAN TH! HONG NHUNG - VO DINH LONG
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Ap dung san xuat sach hdn (SXSH) vao sdn xuS't c6ng nghidp (SXCN) la cdng cudc dSi mdi qud trinh hoat dSng cua cdc doanh nghidp. Kd't qud de tai du'a ra du'dc tinh hinh nhan thu'c vd dp dung SXSH cua cac cd sd SXCN va de xud't cdc gidi phdp ndng cao nhdn thiJc, dp dung SXSH.
Qud trinh ichao sdt 100 cd s6 sdn xud't trdn dia bdn tinh Tien Giang gom 53 cd sd thude khu cdng nghidp (KCN), cum cong nghidp (CCN) va 47 cd scl nam ngodi KCN, CNN tren tdng sd411 cd sd SXCN thi c6 24 cd sd khong bid't vi SXSH, 43 cd s6 bid't v^ SXSH nhu'ng chifa dp dung vdo sdn xud't vd cd 33 cd sd da dp dung SXSH.
Tiif khoa: San xuat sach hdn, hien trang nhan thd'c vd dp dung, cd sd sdn xua't cong nghiep, tinh Tien Giang.
1. Dgt vS'n di
San xua't sach hdn la phu'dng phdp tie'p can chia dpng va phong ngiifa trong moi trif&ng SXCN.
NhGng nu'dc tidn phong trong ITnh vdc nay da dp dung trong nhieu nganh SXCN la Hoa Ky (tCf cud'i nhtj'ng nam 1970), nhulig phai de'n dau nhiing nam 1990 trddc khi san xua't sach noi chung du'dc cdng nhdn Id mdt cdch tid'p can cd gia trj cho cdc doanh nghiep Idn va vtfa trong td't ca cdc nganh cdng nghidp [1].
Sdn xua't sach hdn vijfa la cong cu qudn ly, cdng cu kinh te', cong cu bao vd mdi triTdng vd id cong cu ndng cao cha't Itfdng san pham [2]. Nhin vao nhifng Idi ich cua vide dp dung SXSH co the tha'y rang tiem nang SXSH d Viet Nam Id rat Idn. Mot so' nganh cong nghidp cd the tid't kidm dtfdc 40 - 70% mu'c tidu thu ntfdc 20% - 50% mile tidu thu didn, gidm
50% - 100% cdc cha't didi doc hai, giam 30% - 75%
tai Itfdng COD trong ntfdc thai; gidm 50% - 75% tdi Itfdng BOD trong ntfdc thai; giam 40% - 60% tdng cha't ran Id liJng trong ntfdc thai, giam 20% - 50%
cdc kim loai nang trong ntfdc thai [4], Trong vdng 10 -15 nam trd lai dSy da co ra't nhieu y ttfdng mdi xud't hien nham lam giam phat sinh cdc nguon cha't thdi vdo mdi trtfdng, dong thdi ddm bao khdng lam anh htfdng nhieu dd'n chi phi san xuat. Ddi vdi nln SXCN tai tinh Tien Giang ciing khdng ngoai Id, dien hinh la trtfdng hdp cdc doanh nghidp sdn xua't thtfc an gia sue, che bid'n thuy san trong khu cong nghidp My Tho gdy d nhiem keo ddi,thai khdi bui, mui hoi nong nac lam dao I6n cupc sdng, sinh hoat va anh htfdng nghiem trong dd'n stfc khde ciia ngtfdi dan [3]. Vi vdy, vide dieu tra ddnh gid hidn trang nhan thtfc va dp dung SXSH cua cac
So 12-Thang 9/2018 171
TAP CHi CQNG THIfdNG
cd sd SXCN tren dia ban tinh Tien Giang la hdt stfc ctn thie't, de dtfa ra cac giai phdp trong vide thtfc thi va dp dung SXSH trdn dia ban tinh.
2. PhtfcAig phap nghien cuU
Khao sdt, thu thap sd lieu cua 100 cong ty va cd sd SXCN bang hinh thtfc thu thap trtfc tie'p vd gifi thtf didn tii. Thu thap, phan tich tdng hdp cdc nguon tailidu,s6'lidu, ttf lieu, cdc van ban cd sdn ttf cdc sd ban ngdnh ve cdc thdng tin cd hen quan dd'n noi dung nghien ctfu.
Phtfdng phap dieu tra dtfdc xay dtfng mot cdch cu the va hodn chinh bao gom cdc btfdc: Xdy dtfng ke' hoach dieu tra, xay difng npi dung dieu tra (yi hidn trang nhdn thtfc va ap dung SXSH cua cac cd sd SXCN tren dia ban tinh Tien Giang), chpn mau dieu tra, dilu tra, xii ly sd lieu dieu tra.
Phtfdng phap khao sdt thtfc dia dtfdc su' dung nham khao sat tinh hinh thtfc te', mang lai cai nhin tdng quan ve dia hinh, dia mao, cdnh quan, tai nguydn thien nhien va cac yd'u toed lien quan dd'n dacdiemttfnhidn vd mdi trtfdng khu vtfc thtfehidn.
3. Kd't qua va thao ludn
3.7. Thdng tin chung ve sdn xud't cong nghiep tinh Tien Giang
Hidn tai, trdn dia bdn tinh Tiln Giang co tat ca 411 cd sd SXCN, trong dd cd khoang 243 cd sd thude KCN, CCN va 168 cd sd nim ngoai KCN, CNN.
Hinh 1: Cac loai hinh SXCN chinh tren dja ban tinh Tiin Giang IS
16
• s i ? 8 10
2 0
h L ll . 1 . . 1 1
Thiiy san Maymjic Luang OCT khi Thii cong.
Aafc, thvc mj^nghf pham, do
uong
• TroogKCN.CCN -NgoaiKCN.CCN
1 1 Khac
Hoat ddng cong nghiep trdn dia ban tinh Tien Giang chu ye'u tap trung vao sdn xud't Itfdng thtfc, thtfc pham vd che bien thuy san do tinh cd Idi thd' khi la mot tinh thugc ddng bang song Cu'u Long, ndi day Id vtfa lua Idn nhd't ntfdc ta va giap bien vdi ngudn tai nguydn thuy hai san phong phu cdc loai hinh san xud't trdn tap trung chu yd'u trong cdc KCN, CCN trdn dia ban tinh.
3.2. Tinh hinh nhdn thdc vd dp difng SXSH ciia cdc cdsdcong nghiip tinh Tiin Giang
3.2.1. Tinh hinh nhdn thdc SXSH cua cdc casd cong nghiep tren dja bdn tinh
Tinh hinh nhdn thtfc va dp dung SXSH cua 100 cd sd (tren tdng 441 cd sd SXCN) tren dia ban tinh Tien Giang dtfdc khao sdt dtfdc chia Idm ba loai: Khong bie't, bie't nhtfng chtfa thtfc hidn va da thtfc hidn.
Hinh 2: Tinh hinh chung ve nhan thifc SXSH cua cac doanh nghiep
^i nliimg chira [hue hiea s Da (hue hien
Hinh 3: HiSn trang nhan thOc cu thi vi SXSH cua cac doanh nghiep d trong va
ngoai cdc KCN, CNN
ih ill
Qua cac cd sd dtfdc khao sdt thi da so' cdc cd s6 san xud't chi bid't den khai niem SXSH, nhieu cd s6 chtfa tid'n hanh thtfc hidn SXSH vd cdc cd sd da thifc hidn SXSH thi chtfa di sau va thtfc hien day du tid^n trinh SXSH de mang lai hidu qua tdt nhd't. Trong 100 cd sd khao sat thi cd tdi 24% cac cd sd khong bid't gi ve SXSH, tinh trang nay rd't dang e ngai. Ben canh dd cd 43% bie't ve SXSH tuy nhidn chi bietvl mat khai nidm, chtfa di sdu vao Idi ich va cdc hoat dpng SXSH. Nhin chung, v l mat nhan thtfc vl SXSH tai cdc cd sd dtfdc dilu tra khao sdt khd la yd'u va chi tid'p cdn sd qua chtfa di sdu ve SXSH.
3.2.2. Tinh hinh thuc hien SXSH cua cdc casd cdng nghiep tren dia bdn tinh
Thdi gian qua, Tiln Giang da trien khai dp dung
QUANTRI-QUANLV
SXSH tai dia phtfdng va dat dtfdc mdt sd' kd't qua btfdc dau. Trong sd 100 cd sd tid'n hanh khao sat thi cd 33 cd sd cd tid'p can SXSH vdi 15 cd sd thuoc cdc KCN, CCN vd 18 Cd sd nam ngoai KCN, CCN.
Hinh 4: Bieu do the hien tinh hinh ap dung SXSH cua cac cd sd dtfdc khao sat
mm ap dung SXSH aChira ap dung SXSH
Mdt so' ddn vi dp dung cac giai phdp tie't kiem nang Itfdng thay the' bdng den T8-ballast bang bdng den tiet kiem nang Itfdng compact T5, ddng thdi, thay ddi sap xep lai quy trinh san xud't, d^y manh san xua't vao gid tha'p didm, trdnh gid cao diem, lap cdc bie'n tan cho may bdm ntfdc.. dd tie't kidm didn nhtf: Cdng ty TNHH XNK Thuy san An Phdt, Cong ty CP Chau Au, Cdng ty CP Ndng thuy san Viet Phu...
Cdc doanh nghiep chu dong dp dung nhffng giai phdp qudn ly npi vi vd dau ttf nho nham tidt kidm didn, ntfdc ttf 3-5% nhtf: Cong ty CP Vdt ttf Ndng nghidp Tien Giang, Cdng ty TNHH Trinity Viet Nam... Nhieu doanh nghiep giam dtfpc Itfdng dien, ntfdc thai trong qud trinh san xud't tir 30 - 60% nhtf: Cdng ty CP Dtfdc pham Tipharco (tie't kidm ntfdc 28%, dien giam 30%), doanh nghiep ttf nhan SD nhd ddi mdi cdng nghe da rut ngan thdi gian san xud't 10%, giam 60% didn sit dung cho cac thiet bi chie'u sang, giam 50% Itfdng ntfdc thai cong nghidp...
Hidn tai trdn dia ban tinh da xdy dtfng md hinh dp dung SXSH tai 03 doanh nghidp che'bid'n thuy san trdn dia bdn tinh Tiln Giang, ddng thdi thtfc hien ddnh gia SXSH va kiem toan nang Itfdng tai 03 ddn vi, bao gdm Cdng ty Cd phan Ndng Thuy sdn Viet Phu, Cdng ty Cd phtn Che bid'n thtfc phd'm xuat khau Van Dtfc Tiln Giang, Cdng ty TNHH MTV LiChuan Food Products dd ddnh gid hieu qua SXSH.
De tang ctfdng cac boat ddng dao tao, tap hua'n, truyin thdng vl SXSH, de'n nay tinh Tiln Giang da cd 12.000 td rdi dtfdc xdy dtfng vd phdt de'n doanh nghidp, 5 hdi thdo vdi gan 400 dai bieu tham dtf da dtfdc td chtfc; da cd 7 khda tdp hud'n ky thudt v l SXSH cho gdn 350 dai bieu tai cac doanh nghiep; 21 doanh nghiep dtfdc danh gid nhanh SXSH, 7 doanh nghidp thtfc hidn ddnh gia chi tie't vl SXSH.
Ttf nam 2012 dd'n nay, Tiln Giang da ho trd hdn 260 trieu ddng thdng qua ngudn quy khuyd'n cdng va mot phdn nguIn kmh phf cua Sd Cdng Thtfdng de hd trd cho cac hoat ddng SXSH. Dac biet, nam 2014, Sd Cdng Thtfdng ciing hd trd cho chtfdng trinh "Doanh nghiep vi stf phdt trid'n bin vffng " vdi sd' tiln 50 tneu ddng. Tinh de'n hd't nam 2014, da cd 51,7% doanh nghidp nhdn thtfc SXSH, ve dich 1 nam so vdi muc tieu Chid'n Itfdc dat ra, 17,9%/25% doanh nghiep dtfdc hd trd ky thudt SXSH; Ty Id nguydn, nhidn, vat lidu dd'i vdi cac cd sd da ap dung SXSH la 3%; Ty Id doanh nghidp viJa vd Idn cd bd phan chuyen trach ve boat ddng SXSH Id 17,9%, cd 05 can bd cua Sd Cdng Thtfdng dtfdc dao tao v l SXSH".
Nhilu doanh nghiep da thtfc hien giai phdp tdi su" dung ntfdc gdp phan giam 30% Itfdng ntfdc tieu thu nhtf tai Cdng ty TNHH Dai Thdnh. Mdt so ddn vi dp dung cac giai phap tie't kiem nang Itfdng thay thd' bdng den T8-ballast bang bdng den tiet kiem nang Itfpng compact T5; ding thdi, thay ddi sap xd'p lai quy trinh sdn xud't, d^y manh san xud't vdo gid thap diem, tranh gid cao diem, lap cdc bie'n tan cho may bPm ntfdc... de tie't kiem dien, nhtf: Cdng ty TNHH XNK Thuy san An Phdt, Cdng ty CP Chau Au, Cdng ty CP Nong thuy san Vidt Phu.,,
5.3. Be xud't cdc gidi phdp khd thi cho vi^c dp dung SXSH tai Tien Giang
Thdnhdt, gidi phdp vl tuydn truyin, ndng cao nhdn thtfc v l SXSH trong cdng nghiep.
Tuydn truyin, gido due nang cao nhdn thtfc vl SXSH tren cdc phtfdng tien thdng tin dai chiing; in a'n, phat hdnh tdi lieu, td rPi, pand, dp phich.
Xdy dtfng va td chtfc hoi thao, trao ddi kinh nghiem vl SXSH.
Xay dtfng va phd bie'n cac cd sd diJ lieu, trang thdng tin ve dp dung SXSH trong cdng nghidp.
Tuyen truyin v l md hinh thi diem; md hinh tiinh didn ky thudt dp dung thdnh cdng SXSH trong cdng nghidp.
So 12-Thang 9/2018 173
TAP CHi GONG THiriiNG
cd sd SXCN trdn dia ban tinh Tien Giang Id hd't stfc can thie't, de dtfa ra cdc giai phdp trong vide thtfc thi vd dp dung SXSH tren dia ban tinh.
2. Phiftfng phap nghien cuTu
Khdo sat, thu thap sd lieu cua 100 cdng ty vd cd sd SXCN bang hinh thtfc thu thdp trtfc tid'p va g^i thtf didn tu'. Thu thdp, phan tich tong hpp cdc ngudn tailieu, sd'lidu, ttflieu, cdc van banco sdn tii cdc sd ban nganh vl cdc thdng tin cd Hen quan de'n npi dung nghien ctfu.
Phtfdng phdp dieu tra dtfdc xdy dtfng mdt each cu the vd hoan chinh bao gom cdc btfdc: Xay dtfng kd' hoach dilu tra, xdy dtfng ndi dung dieu tra (vl hidn trang nhan thtfc va dp dung SXSH cua cdc cd sd SXCN trdn dia ban tinh Tien Giang), chpn mlu dieu tra, dieu tra, xuf ly sd lidu dieu tra.
Phtfdng phdp khao sdt thtfc dia dtfdc sit dung nham khao sdt tinh hinh thtfc te', mang lai cdi nhin tdng quan ve dia hinh, dia mao, canh quan, tdi nguyen thien nhidn vd cac ye'u td'cd lidn quan den dac diem ttf nhien vd mdi trtfdng khu vtfc thtfc hidn.
3. Kd't qua va thao lulin
3.1. Thdng tin chung vi sdn xuat cdng nghiip tinh Tien Giang
Hidn tai, trdn dia ban tinh Tiln Giang cd td't cd 411 cd sd SXCN, trong do cd khoang 243 cd sd thupc KCN, CCN va 168 cd sd nam ngoai KCN, CNN.
Hinh
IS 16
8 10
•it
2 0
/.- Cac ioai hinh SXCN chinh tren dja ban tinh TiSn Giang
ll 1. ll.... 1
Thuy san Nbymfc Luang Co khi Thiicfing, Khac thvc, thvc n ^ nghf phim. do
uong
• TroogKCN.CCN -NgoiiKCN.CCN
Hoat ddng cdng nghiep trdn dia bdn tinh Tien Giang chu yd'u tap trung vao sdn xua't Itfdng thtfc, thtfc pham vd chd'bie'n thuy san do tinh cd Idi the' khi Id mdt tinh thupc ddng bang sdng Cu'u Long, ndi ddy Id vtfa lua Idn nha't ntfdc ta vd giap bien vdi ngudn tai nguydn thuy hdi sdn phong phu cdc Ioai hinh san xud't trdn tdp trung chii ye'u trong cdc KCN, CCN tren dia ban tinh.
3.2. Tinh hinh nhdn thvCc vd dp dung SXSH cua cdc cdsdcong nghi$p tinh Tien Giang
3.2.1. Tinh hinh nhdn thdc SXSH cHa cdc casd cdng nghiep tren dia bdn tinh
Tinh hinh nhdn thtfc vd dp dung SXSH ciia 100 cd sd (trdn tdng 441 cd sd SXCN) tren dja ban tinh Tien Giang dtfdc khao sdt dtfdc chia Idm ba loai; Khdng bie't, biet nhtfng chtfa thtfc hidn vd da thtfc hien.
Hinh 2: Tinh hinh chung vi nhgn thCfc SXSH cua cac doanh nghiep
Hinh 3: Hien trgng nh^n thifc cu the vi SXSH cua cac doanh nghiep & trong va
ngoai cdc KCN, CNN
Qua cdc cd sd dtfdc khdo sdt thi da sd' cdc cd s6 sdn xud't chi bie't dd'n khdi niem SXSH, nhieu cd s6 chtfa tie'n hanh thtfc hien SXSH va cdc cd sd da thifc hidn SXSH thi chtfa di sau vd thtfc hien day du tien trinh SXSH de mang lai hidu qua tot nhat. Trong 100 cd sd khdo sat thi cd tdi 24% cac cd sd khong bid't gi vl SXSH, tinh d-ang nay rd't dang e ngai. Ben canh dd cd 43% bie't ve SXSH tuy nhien chi bidt ve mat khdi niem, chtfa di sdu vao Idi ich va cdc ho?t ddng SXSH. Nhin chung, vl mat nhan thtfc vl SXSH tai cdc cd sd dtfdc dilu tra khao sdt khd \l yd'u va chi tiep can sd qua chtfa di sau v l SXSH.
3.2.2. Tinh hinh thuc hiin SXSH cua cdc casd cong nghiep trin dia bdn tinh
Thdi gian qua, Tien Giang da triin khai dp di^ng
QUANTRI-QUANLY
SXSH tai dia phtfdng vd dat dtfdc mdt sd kd't qua btfdc diu. Trong sd 100 cd sd tid'n hdnh khao sat thi cd 33 cd sd cd tie'p can SXSH vdi 15 cd sd thupc cdc KCN, CCN vd 18 Cd sd ndm ngoai KCN, CCN.
Hinh 4: Bieu dd the hi$n fJnh hinh dp dung SXSH cua cdc cd sd dtfdc khdo sdi
Mdt sd' ddn vi dp dung cac giai phdp tid't kiem nang Itfdng thay the' bdng den T8-ballast bang bdng ddn tie't kiem nang Itfpng compact T5, dong thdi, thay ddi sap xep lai quy trinh sdn xud't, dd'y manh san xua't vdo gid tha'p did'm, trdnh gid cao did'm, l i p cdc bien tan cho mdy bdm ntfdc... de tid't kidm dien nhtf: Cdng ty TNHH XNK Thuy san An Phdt, Cdng ty CP Chdu An, Cdng ty CP Ndng thuy san Viet Phu...
Cac doanh nghidp chu ddng dp dung nhifng giai phap quan ly ndi vi vd dau ttf nhd nham tie't kiem didn, ntfdc ttf 3-5% nhtf: Cdng ty CP Vat ttf Ndng nghidp Tiln Giang, Cdng ty TNHH Trinity Viet Nam... Nhilu doanh nghidp gidm dtfdc Itfdng dien, ntfdc thai trong qua trinh sdn xud't ttf 30 - 60% nhtf; Cdng ty CP Dtfdc phd'm Tipharco (tie't kidm ntfdc 28%, dien giam 30%), doanh nghiep ttf nhan SD nhd ddi mdi cdng nghd da riit ngan thdi gian sdn xud't 10%, giam 60% didn sH dung cho cdc thid't bi chid'u sang, gidm 50% Itfdng ntfdc thdi cdng nghidp...
Hidn tai tren dia ban tinh da xay dtfng md hinh dp dung SXSH tai 03 doanh nghidp che' bie'n thuy san trdn dia bdn tinh Tiln Giang, dong thdi thtfc hidn ddnh gid SXSH va kid'm todn nang Itfdng tai 03 ddn vi, bao gdm Cdng ty Cd phan Ndng Thuy san Viet Phu, Cdng ty Co phdn Che' bid^n thtfc ph^m xud't kh£u Van Dtfc Tiln Giang, Cdng ty TNHH MTV LiChuan Food Products de danh gid hieu qud SXSH.
De tang ctfdng cac hoat ddng ddo tao, tap hua'n, truyen thdng v l SXSH, de'n nay tinh Tiln Giang da CO 12.000 td rdi dtfdc xdy dtfng vd phdt de'n doanh nghidp, 5 hdi thao vdi gan 400 dai bieu tham dtf da dtfdc td chtfc; da cd 7 khda tdp hud'n ky thudt vl SXSH cho gan 350 dai bieu tai cdc doanh nghidp; 21 doanh nghidp dtfdc danh gia nhanh SXSH, 7 doanh nghidp thtfc hidn ddnh gid chi tid't ve SXSH.
Ttf nam 2012 de'n nay, Tiln Giang da hd trd hdn 260 trieu ddng thdng qua ngudn quy khuye'n cdng va mdt phan ngudn kinh phi ciia Sd Cdng Thtfdng dd hd trd cho cdc hoat ddng SXSH. Dac biet, nam 2014, Sd Cdng Thtfdng cung h5 trd cho chtfdng trinh "Doanh nghidp vi stf phdt trien ben vtfng" vdi sd tiln 50 trieu ddng. Tinh dd'n hd't nam 2014, da cd 51,7% doanh nghidp nhdn thtfc SXSH, ve dich 1 nam so vdi muc tidu Chie'n Itfdc dat ra, 17,9%/25% doanh nghiep dtfdc hd trd ky thudt SXSH; Ty Id nguyen, nhidn, vat lidu dd'i vdi cdc cd sd da dp dung SXSH Id 3%; Ty Id doanh nghiep vtfa vd Idn cd bd phan chuyen trdeh ve hoat dpng SXSH la 17,9%, cd 05 can bd cua Sd Cdng Thtfdng dtfdc dao tao v l SXSH".
Nhilu doanh nghidp da thtfc hidn giai phap tai su' dung ntfdc gdp phan giam 30% ltfdng ntfdc tieu thu nhtf tai Cdng ty TNHH Dai Thdnh. Mdt sd ddn vi dp dung cdc giai phdp tid't kidm nang Itfdng thay the bdng den TS-ballast bdng bdng den tie't kidm nang Itfdng compact T5; ddng thdi, thay ddi sap xd'p lai quy trinh san xud't, day manh sdn xua't vao gid tha'p did'm, trdnh gid cao did'm, lap cac bien tan cho mdy bdm ntfdc... dd' tid't kiem dien, nhtf; Cdng ty TNHH XNK Thuy san An Phdt, Cdng ty CP Chau Au, Cdng ty CP Ndng thuy san Viet Phu...
3.3. Be xud't cdc gidi phdp khd thi cho vi$c dp dung SXSH tai Tiin Giang
Thd nhd't, gidi phdp ve tuydn truyin, ndng cao nhdn thtfc ve SXSH trong cdng nghidp.
Tuyen truyen, gido due ndng cao nhdn thtfc vl SXSH trdn cdc phtfdng tien thdng tin dai chung; in d'n, phdt hanh tai lidu, td rdi. pand, dp phich.
Xay dtfng va td chtfc hdi thao, trao ddi kinh nghidm ve SXSH.
Xdy dtfng vd phd' bie'n cdc cd sd dff lieu, trang thdng tin ve dp dung SXSH trong cdng nghidp.
Tuyen truyin v l md hinh thi diem; md hinh trinh dien ky thudt dp dung thdnh cong SXSH trong cdng nghiep.
So 12-Thang 9/2018 173
TAP CHi GONG THIflfNC
Thd hai, giai phap ve ddo tao, nang cao ngudn nhan Itfc vl SXSH trong cdng nghiep.
0ao tao, bdi dtfdng, tap hud'n ndng cao nang life chuydn mdn cho dpi ngii cdn bd qudn Iy, can bd ky thuat, chuydn gia ttf vd'n boat ddng trong Hnh vtfc SXSH trong cdng nghidp.
Td chtfc cdc doan can bd quan ly, ky thudt, chuydn gia tham quan khdo sdt, hoc tap kinh nghiem trong vd ngoai ntfdc ve dp dung SXSH trong cdng nghiep.
Phd'i hdp vdi cdc td chtfc va cd nhdn trong va ngoai ntfdc de thiic dd'y dp dung SXSH ttong cdng nghidp.
Thd ba. giai phap dp dung SXSH cho cac cd sd SXCN trdn dia ban tinh.
Hinh thdnh mang Itfdi chuydn gia ttf van, can bd hd trd SXSH cho cdc doanh nghidp cdng nghidp.
Hd trd v l ky thuat danh gid nhanh hoat ddng SXSH cho mdt sd cd sd SXCN thupc dien tfu tien trdn dia ban tinh.
Xdy dtfng, phd bien so tay htfdng ddn ky thudt ve SXSH trong cdng nghiep cho cdc ngdnh cdng nghidp.
Tltd tu, giai phdp vl td chtfc qudn ly va cd che chinh sdch.
Ra sodt lai cd che", chinh sdch da ban hdnh dd' bd sung dieu chinh hodn thidn cho phii hdp yeu cau hidn nay, cdi cdch thu tuc hanh chinh .
Uy ban nhdn ddn cdc cap, cdc sd ngdnh hen quan tang ctfdng htfdng ddn, kid'm tra gidm sdt; tao mpi dilu kidn de cdc cd sd cd dieu kidn dp dung SXSH.
Thtfdng xuydn tuydn truyen, phd bid'n rdng rai cdc chu trtfdng chinh sdch cua nha ntfdc dd'n ngtfdi dan, doanh nghidp. Van ddng cdc DN tham gia dau ttfap dung SXSH.
Ndng cao nang ltfe cdn bd vd tang ctfdng cd sd vat chdt ky thuat cho td ttf van dp dung SXSH de cd du dieu kidn htfdng din cho cdc DN.
Thd ndm, giai phdp ve huy ddng cdc ngudn tdi chinh.
Chii dpng huy ddng, tranh thu xin hd trd ngudn kinh phi ciia Trung tfdng hang nam, ngudn tdi trd ciia cdc chtfdng trinh do cdc td chtfc qud'c te' huy dpng cdc ngudn Itfc va ngudn vdn tdi trd hdp phap theo quy dinh ciia phdp luat.
Can ddi, bd'tri ngdn sach dia phtfdng hang nam theo quy dinh.
Van ddng cac cd sd doanh nghiep, tich ctfe ddng gdp kinh phi thtfc hien.
Thd sdu. gidi phap ve khoa hoc cdng nghe.
Khuye'n khich cdc doanh nghidp, cd sd san xua't nghien ctfu, tfng dung tien bd khoa hpc ky thuat va ddi mdi cdng nghe vdo san xua't. Uu tidn, hd trd cac doanh nghiep dd'i mdi, dp dung cdng nghe tidn tid'n, xtf ly chat thai, xuf ly d nhidm mdi trtfdng day manh thtfc hidn chtfdng trinh SXSH trong cdng nghidp.
Tang ctfdng htfdng dan cac cd sd thtfc hidn cac quy dinh cua Nha ntfdc ve tieu chuan vd sinh moi trtfdng. Doi vdi cdc cd sd mdi thanh lap phdi thi/c hidn nghiem vide ddnh gid tac ddng mdi trtfdng va xd ly cha't thai, dd'i vdi cdc cd sd dang boat dpng phai tang ctfdng kiem tra, giam sdt va xuf ly kip thdi cac doanh nghiep sai pham, ddng thdi ydu cau cdc cd sd cd phtfdng an, tid'n dp xis ly chat thdi dat tieu chuin mdi trtfdng.
Thd bdy. giai phdp v l cdng tac thi dua khen thtfdng.
Tham mtfu Sd Cdng Thtfdng kip thdi de xuat cho Uy ban nhdn ddn tinh khen thtfdng kip thdi cdc cd nhan, ddn vi cd thanh tich trong hoat ddng dp dung SXSH nham khuye'n khich thi dua dp dung SXSH, gdp phdn thtfc hien muc tieu ciia kd' hoach dl ra.
4. Kd't lu0n
Qua ke't qud khdo sat ve hien trang nhdn thlJc vd dp dung SXSH tai cdc cd sd cdng nghidp trdn dia bdn tinh Tien Giang, cd die dtfa ra mdt so ket luan nhtf sau: Hau he't cdc cd sd khdng bie't hoac chi biet Sd v l SXSH chtfa di sau vdo tim hieu SXSH. Tuy nhien cd mdt so' cd sd da dp dung SXSH vao sdn xua't, mac dii chtfa di sau vdo cdc giai phap tridt de nhimg qua khdo sat tai cdc cc sd nay vln nhan thay dtfdc Idi ich ciia SXSH va cd mong mudn se thdc hidn tid'p tuc vdo giai doan sau.
Nhin chung, vd nhan thtfc cua cac cd sd vl SXSH thi chtfa cao, chtfa nhan did'y dtfdc Idi ich cua SXSH mang lai cho doanh nghidp cung nhtf chtfa di sau vao qua trinh, giai phdp dp dung SXSH de mang lai hieu qua kinh td', mdi trtfdng nen vide dp dung cac bien phap vl SXSH de nam dtfdc vai ffo va Idi ich cua SXSH dem lai nham lam chia khda thuc day phdt trien nln cdng nghiep tinh Tiln Giang. Day manh cdng cupc tfng dung SXSH cho cac cd sd sdn xua't quy rad vtfa vd nhd nham tridt de td'i da hidu qua san xua't. Thay ddi "cdi nhin" ciia cdc doanh nghidp ddi vdi SXSH. De lam dtfdc nhtfng muc tidu ndy cin cd stf no life tiJf cdc bd phdn, cd quan Nha ntfdc trong vide mydn truyin, khuye'n khich dp dung SXSH trong sdn xua't cdng nghidp •
gUANTRj-QUANlV
TAI LIPU THAM KHAO:
1. Ddng Kim Chi. "SXSH vd Ung dung SXSH i Viet Nam". Vien Nghien cUu BHLD Hd Noi. (2002).
2. VU Ngoc Thudng. "Sdn xudt sach hdn trong cdng nghiep: Mitc tieu hudng den cda doanh nghiep cdng nghiep Hd Nam". Sd Khoa hoc vd Cdng nghe tinh Md Nam. (2018).
3. Viet Bdeh. "10 ndm thuc hien Chien luoc sdn xudt sach hdn Irong cong nghiep". Tap chi Cong Thudng. (2018).
4. Rene Van Berkel. "Overview of the cleaner production concept and relation with other environmental manage- ment strategies". Cleaner production for process Industries. (2000).
Ngay n M n bai: 15/8/2018
Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va su'a chifa: 25/8/2018 Ngay chSfp nh$n dang bai: 3/9/2018
Thong tin tdc gid:
1. NGUYEN THI HONG NHUNG 2. DINH HOANG VINH TnJoTng Dgii h(ic Nguyin TSit Thanh 3. PHAN THI HONG NHUNG 4. VO DINH LONG
Tri(«ng Dai hpc C8ng nghidp TP. Ho Chi Minh
ASSESSING THE AWARENESS AND APPLICATION STATUS OF CLEANER PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL UNITS
IN TIEN GIANG PROVINCE
• NGUYEN THI HONG NHUNG
• DINH HOANG VINH Nguyen Tat Thanh University
• PHAN THI HONG NHUNG
• VO DINH LONG industriai University of Ho Chi Minh City
ABSTRACT:
Applying cleaner production to industrial production is the innovation of enterprises operation.
The results of this research indicate the awareness and application status of cleaner production of industrial units. It also proposes solutions to raise the awareness and application of cleaner production. A survey of 100 industrial units (53 units located in Indusnial Zones or IndusUial Clusters and 47 units located outside IndusUial Zones or Industrial Clusters) over total 411 industrial units operating in Tien Giang province was carried out. The resuU of this survey shows that 24 out of 100 units do not know about the cleaner production, 43 out of 100 units know but have not applied the cleaner production yet and only 33 out of 100 units have implemented die cleaner production yet to their production.
Keywords: Cleaner production, stams of awareness and appUcation, indusuial unit, Tien Giang province.
So 12-Thang 9/2018 175
