VAI NHAN XET VE PHIEN AM VA DICH THO
• •
CUA MOT SO TAC PHAM CHlT HAN TRONG CHU^ONG TRINH NGlf VAN 7 TlT GOC DO VAN BAN
v o THI NGOC HOA (*)
D di vdi cac tae pham tho ehii Han trung dai, de den duge vdi ddc gia hien nay, phai thdng qua cac budc phidn dieh, ttr phien am, djeh nghTa den dich tho, nham xda di khoang each giiia tae gia va ngudi dge, lam cho ngudi dge cd the tiep xiic vdi ban dieh nhu tiep xtic vdi diing tinh than ciia van ban gdc. Cho nen yeu cau phien djch la phai ehinh xae ttr phan phidn am, phan dich nghTa cho den dieh tho va ehii giai.
Khi tham khao eac tai lieu cd lien quan den tac pham tho chii Han trung dai Viet Nam duge chgn day trong nha trudng, chung tdi thay cd nhieu trudng hgp cimg mdt bai tho chir Han nhung mdi sach lai ed ban phidn am va dieh tho khdng hoan toan gidng nhau. Ttr thyc te dd, ehung tdi thir ddi chieu gitra ban phidn am eae bai Nam qude san hd, Tung gid hodn kinh su (Tran Quang Khai), Thien Irudng vdn vgng (Tran Nhan Tdng) va Cdn San ea (Nguyen Trai) trong Ngir vdn 7, tap 1 vdi nguyen tac chii Han. Ddng thdi so sanh ban dieh tho duge chgn in trong sach giao khoa vdi ngudn trich nham de ngudi day.
ngudi hgc eiing nhu ddi tugng ddc gia khae ed the chgn dugc van ban cd do chinh xae eao, tranh trudng hgp phan van, khdng bidt ban phien am, ban djch tho nao dang tin cay. Va thiet nghT, vide ddi chieu ban phien am, dieh tho dugc in d sach giao khoa, eac an pham khae gdp phan nhd vao edng tae ehinh li van ban, vide lam nay eiing khdng ngoai myc dieh giiip ddc gia tidp nhan diing gia tri xae thue eiia tae pham.
Ddi vdi tho ehii Han, nhd cd ban phien am va ban djch tho ma dge gia, mac du khdng biet chii Han nhung van ed the cam thy sau sac ndi dung, tu tudng ciing nhu gia trj nghe thuat eiia nguyen tac, ddng thdi thay duge sy thanh cdng, sang tao ciia ngudi djeh qua ttmg ban djeh. Qua khao sat, chiing tdi thay phan phien am cting cd nhiing dj ban.
Dieu nay de lam cho ddc gia phan van, khdng biet ban phien am nao chinh xae.
Bai Nam quoc san hd hien cd tdi 28 di ban. De ddi chieu ban phien am va djeh tho bai nay, ngoai van ban dugc in
**' GV. Dai hoc Phii Yen, tinh Phii Yen.
VAI NHAN XET VE PHIEN AM VA DICH THO CUA MOT SO ...
trong Ngir vdn 7, tap 1, chung tdi can eir nguyen tac trich tir Dgi Viet sir ki todn thu, quyen III, td 9a-b, trong Tho vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 1, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1977.
Ddng thdi so sanh vdi ban djch tho tir ngudn trich va ttr Vdn hoc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1, Nxb. DHSP, 2005 (giao trinh CDSP Ngti van). , - ; • >• L-i.n
Ban phien am trong eae sach ndi tren ve eau ehtr deu gidng nhau. Chi cd ehd khae nhau la cudi eau thir 3 "Nhu ha nghich Id lai xam pham" {Ngd vdn 7, tap 1) khdng cd dau ket thue eau, edn trong Tha vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 1, Nxb.
KHXH, H. 1977, eudi eau 3 la diu hdi (Nhu ha nghjch Id lai xam pham?). Vide eham dau hdi d eudi eau nay la hgp ly, vi cum ttr "nhu ha" dirng dau eau thir 3 cd nghTa "tai sao, vi sao".
Khi so vdi nguyen tae, tinh hinh lai khae. Cau thir 2 d sach giao khoa Ngic vdn 7, tap 1 va tap Tha vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 1 diu in "Tiet nhien dinh phan tai thien thu", nhung d Dgi Viet sie ki todn thu, quyln III, td 9a-b, ^?.i'^:^^
A'$ (Tidt nhien phan dinh tai thien thu). Lien quan din trat tu ttr "phan" va
"dinh" d eau nay, trong bai Bdn them ve vdn bdn vd tdc gid bdi tho Nam qude san hd tae gia Biii Duy Tan ddng y vide ddi vj tri "dinh phan" thanh "phan djnh"
nhu y kiln ciia GS. Trin Dai NghTa: "So vdi bai tho quen diing, van ban mdi nay ed hai diim khae. Mdt la thay "djnh phan" thanh "phan djnh" de ndi rd su phan chia da dn djnh, khdng nen thay ddi niia, va lai nhu thi niem luat phii hgp ban, am dieu bay hon". (Trich Khdo vd ludn mot sd lde gia - lde phdm vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, Nxb. Giao due,
1999, tr.l5).
Ban phien am, dieh tha nhting bai tho ehu Han trung dai Viet Nam in trong sach giao khoa va cac sach khae khdng hoan toan thdng nhat. Cting mdt bai tho ehtr Han nhung ed nhieu ban dich tho khae nhau, ngudi lam edng tae bien soan sach ed the chgn ban dieh nao, dd la quyen eua hg, nen ban dich tho d cae sach ed the khae nhau la dieu hien nhien.
Ddi chieu ban djeh tho bai Nam qude san hd (do Le Thude - Nam Tran djeh) ttr Ngic vdn 7, tap 1, vdi ngudn trich Tho vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 1, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1977), chting tdi thay ed su khae nhau ddi ehd.
Md dau bai nay trong Tha vdn Ly - Trdn, tapl, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1977, "Sdng niii Nam Viet vua Nam d" va eudi eau 3 dugc danh dau hdi (Giac dir cd sao pham den day?). 0 sach giao khoa in la "Sdng nui nude Nam vua Nam a" va klidng su dung mdt loai dau nao d eudi cau "Giac dir ed sao pham den day".
Khdng chi bai Nam qude son hd ma eae bai tho ehtr Han khae eiJng cd nhirng ban dich tho khae nhau. Va cting mdt tae pham nhung mdi sach chgn in ban djeh tha khae nhau, day la dieu tat yeu. Nhu ban djch tho d Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1 xin trich dan dudi day, kbac vdi ban trong sach giao khoa.
"Sdng niii nude Nam, Nam de ddng, Cdi bd djnh rd tai Thien thu. , ..^
Cd sao ngbich tac dam xam pham.
Bay lieu, lao vao chudc bai hu".
(Hting Nam Yen dich) Thiet nghT, ddi vdi tac pham cd nhieu ban dich tho khae nhau, ngoai ban dieh tho dugc chgn in, nha bien soan sach nen gidi thieu cae ban djeh khae vao an pham.
69
TAP CHI HAN NOM SO 5 (96) - 2009 VO THI NGOC HOA
de ddc gia ed didu kien tiep nhan eac ban djeh tho khae nhau. Va qua so sanh, ban than ngudi dge ed the tham djnh, danh gia, theo hg, van ban djeh nao la tdt nhat.
Ddng thdi tranh duge trudng hgp hoang mang, khdng biet ban dieh tho in trong sach nao la dang tin cay.
Tung gid hodn kinh su eiia Trdn Quang Khdi la tae pham thir 2 duge chgn de khao cim trong bai viet nay. Cu' lieu dting de ddi chieu gdm ban phien am va dich tho trong Ngic vdn 7, tap 1;
Vdn hgc Viet Nam {the ki X - nira ddu the ki XVIII); Viet Nam sir luge ciia Tran Trgng Kim, quydn 1, Nxb. Tan Viet, 1958 va trong quyen 1, Trung tam hgc lieu xuat ban nam 1971; Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1; nguyen tac trich ttr Hodng Viet thi luyen, td 2b, A.3162/1.
Qua ddi chieu, chimg tdi thay ttr thii 2 trong eau 1 d cae ban phien am bai Tung gid hodn kinh su trong Ngic vdn 7, tap 1;
Vdn hgc Viel Nam (the ki X - nira ddu the kl XVIII): Viet Nam sir lugc eiia Tran Trgng Kim, quyen 1, Nxb. Tan Viet, 1958 va Trung tam hgc lieu xuat ban nam 1971, deu in "Doat sag Chuang Duong do", d Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1 thi
"Doat soc Chuang Duong do". Sy khae nhau nay khdng lam thay ddi ndi dung y nghTa ciia cau tho, vi trong Hdn Viet tu dien, Thieu Chim, "sde ^ " - cay giao dai, ta quen dge la "sao" va "sao f^ " - eiing ed nghTa n h u t y "sde ^ " .
Cau thti 3, thu 4 trong bai, mdi sach in kbac nhau. 6 NgU vdn 7, tap 1 "Thai binh tu tri luc. Van cd thir giang son";
sach Vdn hoc Viet Nam (the ki X - nira ddu the ki XVLII) 'Thai binh tu no luc.
Van ed thir giang san"; Viet Nam sic luge
ciia Tran Trgng Kim. quyen 1. Nxb. Tan Viet, 1958 va Trung tam hgc lieu xuat ban nam 1971 "Thai binh nghi no lye, Van ed thir giang san". O phan ghi ehii eua sach Viet Nam sie luge, xb 1971: Hai eau cudi ed sach chep: i ^ ^ g l t ; ^ (Thai binh nghi tri lire), | ^ - ^ ^ ^ X t I , (Van cd cuu giang san).
Va hai eau eudi cua bai nay chep d Hodng Viet thi luyen. trieu Trdn, td 2b, A.3162/1 "j^^tiitl (Thai binh duong tri lye), | ^ - i " ^ > i uU (Van ed cuu giang san)". Nhu vay. cau thir 3 d bai Tung gid hodn kinh su trong NgU vdn 7, tap 1 va Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1 gidng nhau, deu in "Thai binh tu tri lye".
Trong khi dd sach Vdn hoc Viet Nam (thi kl X - nua ddu thi ki XVIII) in "Thai binh tu nd_luc," va Viet Nam su lugc eua Tran Trgng Kim, quyen 1 la "Thai binh nghi nd lue". (J Hodng Viet thi tuyen, ta 2b, A.3162/1 vilt "i^^t^itl - Thai binh duong nd luc". Va eau eudi trong cac sach chti Qude ngii dan tren deu in "Van cd thu giang san". Rieng trong nguyen tac trich tir Hodng Viet thi luyen, td 2b, A.3162/1 va phan ghi chu d Viet Nam sic luge ciia Tran Trgng Kim gidng nhau {^'^'^y^dA - Van cd cuu giang san).
So sanh nhu the, chiing ta mdi biet dugc mdi ban phidn am bai Tung gid hodn kinh .su in d cac sach Ngd vdn 7, tap 1; Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1; Vdn hoc Viet Nam (the ki X - nua ddu the ki XVIII); Viet Nam su luge cua Tran Trgng Kim, quyen I va vdi Hodng Viet thi tuyen, td 2b, A.3162/1 deu cd sy khae biet ddi ehd so vdi nguyen tae.
Theo chiing tdi, nen sir dyng ban phien
VAI NHAN XET VE PHIEN AM VA DICH THO CUA M O T SO ...
am tir nguyen tac (trich trong Hodng Viet thi tuyin. td 2b. A.3162/1)
^ m t P# ;^
i^ ^ t Jl ^ . , _ ;•.,,
^ -^ l l jx uL, Phien am:
TUNG GIA HOAN KINH SU Doat sao Chuong Duong do Cam Hd Ham Tir quan
Thai binh duong tri luc , 5? • Van cd eyu giang son.
Mae dii phan phien am mdi ban ed ehd kbac nhau nhung phan djeh nghTa tuong ddi gidng nhau. Chi kliae nhau d eau thii tu, djeh gia Tran Trgng Kim dieh
"Non nudc ay ngan thu" (trich NgU vdn 7, tap 1; Viet Nam sir luge, quyen 1, Nxb.
Tan Viet, H. 1957 va Trung tdm hoc lieu XB, 1977), Btii Van Nguyen dich "Non nude van nghin thu" (trich Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam, tap 1), Trinh Dudng djeh
"Mudn thud nudc non nay" {Tho vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 2, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989). Can cii van ban goc, theo chung tdi, ban djch eiia Bui Van Nguyen gan vdi nguyen tae hon. Vi "van" duge djeh ttr " ^ - eyu"
trong nguyen tac.
Bai thir 3 duge chgn khao cim la Thien trudng vdn vgng ciia Trin Nhan Tdng. Ban phidn am va djch tho in trong Ngir vdn 7, tap 1; Vdn hgc Viet Nam (the ki X - nira dau Ihi ki XVIIL); Tha vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 2, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989 va ban ehu Han, trich ttr Hodng Viet thi tuyin, triiu Trdn, td 2b, A.3162/1,
nhiing cir lieu dimg de ddi chieu trong bai viet nay. • 'J^ ' ' • '
So vdi ban phien am bai Tung gid hodn kinh su tbi phan phien am bai Thien trudng vdn vgng trong eac an pham ndi tren ed phan thdng nhat hon.
Rieng cau 3, in d Ngir vdn 7, tap 1 "Muc ddng djeh li nguu quy tan" ed trat ty khae vdi trong Vdn hgc Viet Nam (the ki X - nua ddu the ki Xl^III) "Muc ddng djeh ly quy nguu tan". 0 Hodng Viel ihi luyen, trieu Trdn, td 2b, A.3162/1, cau thii 3 "Mue ddng dich ly quy ngim tan - 4 t i : ^ ^ ? l i f 4- 4 " gidng phin phien am d Vdn hgc Viet Nam (the ki X - nua ddu the ki XVIII) va gidng trong Tha vdn Li -
Trdn. tap II, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989. Nhu vay, eau nay trong sach giao khoa "Muc ddng dicb li nguu quy tan" ed khae vdi ngudn trich xuat xir ttr Tho vdn Li - Trek tap II, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989 "Mye ddng djch ly quy ngim tan". , ,, .^[Vij,
Mae dti khdng ed nhieu dj ban phien am nhung bai nay duge mdi djeh gia djch giai ma vdi ndi dung khae nhau.
Kbac biet nhat la o eau thir 2 "Ban vd ban hiiu tjeh duong bien" duge Ngd Tat Td djeh "Bdng chieu man mac cd dudng khdng" (trich Tho vdn Li - Trdn, tap II, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989) va nhdm Le Quy Ddn dich "Bdng chieu ben ed lai ben khdng" (trich Vdn hgc Viet Nam {the ki X-mradduthikiXVlIPj.
Dau eau xuat hien trong ban phien am va ban dich tho dugc in d cac sach eting khdng thdng nhat. 0 Ngir vdn 7, tap 1, duy nhat mdt dau eham ket thuc van ban phien am, trong Vdn hgc Viet Nam (the ki X - nira ddu the ki XVIIL),
TAP CHI HAN NOM SO 5 (96) - 2009 VO THI NGQC HOA
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Tho vdn Li - Trdn, tap II, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989, sd lugng dau cau nhieu hon.
"Thdn hau thdn tien dam tu yen.
Ban vd ban hiiu tich duong bien.
Muc ddng dich ly quy nguu tan.
Bach Id song song phi ha dien"
Va ddi vdi ban djch tho eung vay, d NgU vdn 7, tap 1, chi cd mdt dau eham ket thue ban djeh tho, sd lugng dau eau rat khiem tdn so vdi ngudn trich ttr Tha vdn Li - Trdn, tap II, Nxb. KHXH, H.
1989, ed hai dau phay eudi cau 1 va 3, hai dau cham eudi eau 2 va 4.
Trong ehuang trinh Ngir vdn 7, ed bdn tae pham tho chii' Han trung dai Viet Nam dugc dua vao thi ba bai: Nam quoc san hd, Tung gid hodn kinh su va Thien truang vdn vgng cd day dii phan phien am, djeh nghTa va dich tho. Ridng van ban doan trich Cdn san ea chi cd ban djeh tho, thieu phan phien am va djeh nghTa. Nhu vay, ca ngudi day lan ngudi hgc, neu khdng ed dieu kien tiep nhan ban phien am bai nay qua cae an pham khae thi coi nhu ehi tiep nhan tinh than eiia tac gia giri gam trong tac pham mdt each gian tiep qua ban djeh tho ma thdi.
Do vay, trong bai viet nay, chiing tdi xin dan doan trich Cdn san ea (trong Ifc Trai di tap) bang chii Han ttr Hodng Viet vdn luyen, A.2683/1:
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Va ban phien am, phan nay, dang le phai cd trong NgU vdn 7, tap 1:
CON SON CA
Nguyen Trdi Cdn Son hiiu tuyen
Ky thanh linh linh nhien, Du dT vi cam huyen.
Cdn Son htiu thach Vu tay dai phd bich, Du dT vi dam tjeh.
Nham trung htiu tting Van cai thiiy ddng ddng, Ngd dl thj hd yen tiic ky trung.
Lam trung hiiu true Thien mau an ban lye,
Ngd u thi hd khieu vinh ki trae.
Khdng chi trudng hgp nay d sach
giao khoa Ngir vdn 7, ma ca sach giao
khoa khae ciing vay. Bai Thien dd
chieu, Hich tuang si va doan trich Binh
Ngd dgi edo {Ngir vdn 8, tap 2); Bgch
Ddng giang phu, Tdi du Vuang Thdng
thu, Binh Ngd dgi cdo {NgU vdn 10 -
nang cao - tap 2) chi in ban dieh. Vay,
coi ra cac nha bien soan sach giao khoa
chii trgng nhieu den ban djeh. Va cd le
theo hg, ban phien am ttr nguyen tac,
chi la de ddc gia tham khao nen khdng
nhat thidt phai dua vao.
VAI NHAN XET VE PHIEN AM VA DICH THO CUA MOT SO Ddi vdi doan trich Cdn Son ca,
chiing tdi can eir ban phien am doan trich ttr "Cdn Son htiu tuyen... ki trae"
trong Tho vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao dye, 1980; Hgp luyen tho vdn Viet Nam the ki X - the ki XVII, tap 2; Nguyen Trdi todn tdp UBKHXH - Vien Sir hgc, 1976 (cd so sanh vdi van ban ehtr Han trong Hodng Viet vdn tuyen, quyen 1) va ban djeh tho d sach Ngir vdn 7, tap 1 vdi eae an pham tren de khao ciiu.
Ban phien am bai Cdn san ea ed trong eae an pham ciing khdng thdng nhat nhau. Cy the qua vide ddi chieu phan phien am doan trich Cdn San ea trong Tha vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao dye, 1980 vdi Hgp tuyen tho vdn Viet Nam the ki X - the kiXVII, tap 2, Nguyen Trdi todn tap, UBKHXH - Vien Sir hgc, 1976, va so vdi van ban ehii Han trong Hodng Viet vdn tuyen, quyen 1, cd nhiing ehd khae nhau.
Cau thii 2 trong Hgp tuyen tha vdn Viet Nam thi ki X - thi ki XVII. tap 2, Nguyen Trdi todn lap, UBKHXH - Vien Sir bgc, 1976 "Ky thanh lanh lanh nhien", khae vdi ve thir hai eua eau 1 trong Tha vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao dye, 1980
"Ky thanh linh linh nhien,". "linh linh"
hay "lanh lanh" la hai hinh thiic ngii am eiia ttr ^ ; ^ , eho nen diem khae nhau nay khdng anh hudng den ndi dung y nghTa cua eau dugc djch.
Cdn dau eau 3, 6, 9, 12 trong Tha vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao dye, 1980; Hgp luyen tho vdn Viet Nam the ki X - the ki XVII, tap 2, diu in "ngd". So vdi doan trich tren trong nguyen tac, ttr tuong duong vdi ttr dau tien trong cau 3, 6 trong cac an pham duge so sach la "1f^ du", va
dau eau 9, 12 la "-#- ngd". Mae dti "ngd, du" ddng nghTa, deu la dai ttr nhan xung ngdi thii nhat - ta, nhung ban phien am trong eac an pham bang ehtr Qude ngii ed khae so vdi d van ban ehii Han.
Diem khae nhau niia la eau 8 trong ban phien am bai Cdn Son ca in d Hgp tuyen tho vdn Viet Nam the ki X - the ki XVII, tap 2 "Van cai thiiy ddng ddng"
(cai ^ - dti, lgng) cd khae vdi trong Tho vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao due, 1980;
Nguyin Trdi todn tdp, UBKHXH - Vien Sir hgc, 1976 "Van iy thuy ddng ddng".
So vdi nguyen tae, eau nay d tap Hgp luyen tho vdn Viet Nam the ki X - the ki XVII, tap 2 trting vdi van ban ehtr Han trich tir Hodng Viet vdn tuyen, quyen I, ki hieu A.2683.
Chieu theo ban djeh nghTa trong Tho vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao due, 1980,
"ly .£" duge djeh nghTa "ehiee lgng"
(Mudn ehiee lgng xanh rii bdng) la khdng hgp ly. Vi "ly %." trong Tir dien Hdn Viet, Nguyen Van Chanh va ciia Dao Duy Anh, Hdn Viet tu dien, tae gia Thieu Chim, deu cd nghTa "lang, ehd dan d". Vay, theo chimg tdi, cau nay phien am dung phai la "Van cai thuy ddng ddng" nhu d Hgp tuyen tho vdn Viet Nam thi ki X - thi ki XVII, tap 2 va dung nhu d Hodng Viet vdn luyen, quyen 1, ki hieu A.2683.
Trong doan trich nay, cau 12 d Hodng Viet vdn tuyen, quyen 1 chep
"Ngd u thj hd khieu vinh ki trae", Tha vdn Nguyin Trdi, Nxb. Giao dye, 1980 in "Ngd u thi hd ngam tieu ki trae" va trong Hgp luyen tha vdn Viet Nam the ki X - thi ki XVIL tap 2, "Ngd u thj hd ngam khieu ki trie". Mac dti cd sy khae 73
TAP CHi HAN NOM SO 5 (96) - 2009 VO THI NGOC HOA
nhau ve vi tri ciia ttr "khieu" va ed ban phidn am "vinh" thay bang "ngam" nhung khi tra Hdn Viet tu dien (Thieu Chim),
"ngam, vinh" deu cd nghTa "dge tho van den ehd cd am dieu phai keo dai"; trong Tit dien Hdn Viet (Dao Duy Anh) "ngam:
dge tieng dai; vjnh: ngam tho"; trong Tic dien Hdn Viet do Nguyen Van Chanh bien soan, "ngam: ngam, ngam vinh"; "vinh:
ngam vjnh". Nhu vay "ngam" hoac "vinh"
deu cd nghTa gidng nhau, nen cym ttr
"ngam khieu" hay "khieu vjnh" cd nghla nhu nhau: "ngam nga".
Trong Nguyen Trdi todn tap, UBKHXH - Vien Sir hgc, 1976, tu thir 6, 7 d eau thir 12 bai Cdn son ca (ban ehtr Han) chep "4"°*^ (ngam khieu) va duge phien am thanh "ngam tieu". Tho vdn Nguyen Trdi, Nxb. Giao due, 1980, ciing in "ngam tieu". Theo chung tdi, ttr phien dung phai la "ngam khieu". Vi cae ty
"tieu" d Tit dien Hdn Viet - Nguyen Van Chanh, cung nhu 11 ty "tidu" trong Hdn Viet lit dien - Thieu Chim, eiing khdng cd ty nao cd nghTa "ngam nga" nhu phan dieh nghTa trong sach nay da neu "Ta ngdm nsa a ben cgnh".
Ket luan
Nhd ddi chieu, so sanh phan phien am, ban dich tho bdn bai: Nam qude san hd, Tung gid hodn kinh su, Thien truomg vdn vgng va doan trich Cdn son ea trong NgU vdn 7, tap I vdi nguyen tac ehtr Han, so gitra ban dich tho dugc chgn in trong sach giao khoa vdi ngudn trich, ehiing ta cd the biet tinh hinli sir dyng eac ban phien am va ban djeh tho trong cac an pham.
Vi nhieu li do ma mdi tac pham deu cd nhieu dj ban, ngoai phan phien am.
cae nha lam sach phai ghi ro trich dan xuat xir. Vi dy: Nam qude san hd dugc phidn am ttr nguyen tac trong Dgi Viet .sic ki todn thu, tap 3. td 9a-b; Tung gid hodn kinh su trong Hodng Viet thi luyen, trieu Trdn, quydn 1, td 2b va phan khao dj (neu ed)... de ngudi nghien ciiu thuan lgi hon trong vide xae djnh van ban (tham tra van ban thude miie do nao, van ban ehinh hay van ban chep truyen, miic do sai lech ...) cting nhu danh gia dugc mire do ehinh xae cua ban hien hanh trong an pham.
Vide lua chgn ban dich nao dua vao sach thudc quyen eua nhiing ngudi bien soan sach. 0 day, ehung tdi khdng ban luan ban djch nao dugc chgn dua vao sach la hay hoac dd ma khi bien soan, eac nha lam sach nen can nhae, lua chgn mdt ban dich uu mT va cung cdn phai nghT den tinh ljeh sir ciia van ban day cho hgc sinh, chu y den sy lien hoan giiia cac sach chuyen dimg d cae bae hgc khae nhau trong nha trudng de tranh trudng hgp ciing mdt tae pham ma d sach diing trong bac hgc nay, phan phien am, djeh tho ed ehd khae vdi sach diing d bac bgc kia. De tranh vd doan, ehiing tdi nghT, ngoai vide chgn ban djeh tdt (theo y ciia ngudi bien soan) can phai dua them mdt sd ban dich khae, dugc diing trong cae giao trinh, sach giao khoa khae vao an pham de ngudi dge cd the tham khao, nghien cim cac ban djch mdt each he thdng.
Ddi vdi cae giao trinh bae cao dang,
dai hgc va sach nghien cim, ngoai vide
dua them mgt sd ban dieh thudng diing,
soan gia ndn dua them phan phien am,
cd kem nguyen tac bang chir Han. Lam
VAI NHAN XET VE PHIEN AM VA DICH THO CUA MOT SO nhu vay khdng nhtrng gdp phan phd
bien rdng rai eac tac pham ed (kho tang van hda vd eiing qui bau eiia dng cha ta dang ngay cang mai mdt) ma edn giiip eho ngudi dge ed the tham tra lai nhiing ehd edn nghi van khi can thiet hoac giiip cd them tai lieu de nha nghien cim lam edng tae khao di.
Vdi mdt lugng l(5n tae pham tho van trung dai Viet Nam dua vao giang day d ehuang trinh Ngii van eae l(7p phd thdng va ehuong trinh van hgc trung dai Viet Nam day d bae eao dang, dai hgc, dieu nay eho thay sd lugng ngudi dge, la hgc sinh, sinh vien va nhiing ddi tugng khae, rat ddng. The nhung viee the hien tae pham trong eae an pham chua that sy duge chii trgng. Vi the da ed sy khae nhau it nhieu ve eau ehu, dau eau, viet hoa, ndi dung ban djeh tho gitra eac ban phien am hay cac ban djeh tho. Khdng ehi d bai viet nay, nhieu bai viet khae ciing da de cap van de tren. Vdi tinh binli nhu vay, ehiing tdi hy vgng, vide chinh ly toan bd nhtrng sai sdt ed trong cac van ban in d cae an pham, dae biet d sach giao khoa, giao trinli sdm hoan thien.
V.T.N.H (Bai vilt dugc thuc hien trong de tai nghien cuu vdi sir tai trg ciia Quy Han Nom - Harvard-Yenching do PGS.TS. Dinh Khic Thuan hudng dan).
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Dich tit Hdn sang Viet, mdt khoa hgc - mot nghe thiidl, Vien Nghien cim Han Ndm, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1982.
2. Dao Duy Anh: Tie dien Hdn Viet, Nxb. KHXH, H. 2001.
3. Nguyen Van Chanh: Tie dien Hdn F/e/,Nxb. Tre, 2005.
4. Thieu Chim: Hdn Viet tu dien, Nxb. Tp. HCM, 1997.
5. Vdn hgc Viet Nam (the ki X- the ki XVIII), Dinh Gia Khanh ehii bien, Biii
Duy Tan, Mai Cao Chuang, Nxb. Giao due, 2000.
6. Hodng Viet thi tuyen, A.3162/1.
7. Hodng Viet vdn luyen, A.2683/1.
8. Hgp luyen tho vdn Viet Nam the ki X - thi kl XVII, tap 2, Nxb. Van hgc, H.1976.
9. Vdn hgc trung dgi Viet Nam Nguyen Dang Na cbii bien, La Nham Thin, Dinh Thj Khang, tap 1, Dy an dao tao giao vien THCS, Nxb. DHSP, 2007.
10. Ngic vdn 7, tap 1, Nxb. Giao due, H. 2009. ;. I-;. ;,; ,., „;.
11. Nguyin Trdi loan tap, UBKHXH - Vien Sir hgc, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1976.
12. Tran Trgng Kim: Viel Nam sic luge, quyen 1, Nxb. Tan Viet, 1958.
13. Tran Trgng Kim, Viet Nam sir luge, quyen 1, Trung tam hgc lieu xuat ban,1971.
\4.Tho vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 1, UBKHXH - Vien Van hgc, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1977.
\5.Tha vdn Ly - Trdn, tap 2, UBKHXH r Vien Van hgc, Nxb. KHXH, H. 1989
16. Tho vdn Nguyen Trdi. Nxb. Giao dye, 1980./.
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