50 TAP CHf P H A T TRigN N H A N HJC. S6 5 ( 3 1 ) - 2 0 1 2
Dl T I M Ldi GIAI CHO N G U 6 N N H A N L U C
DdNG B A N G SdNG CUTU LONG
DIEP VAN 80N<'>
Nghieh ly
Dong bing song Cffu I .ong hang ndm san xud't khoang 50% sdn Iffdng Ida, 52'^' sdn Itfdng thuy sdn. 70*^ sdn Itfdng trai cdy; ddng gdp khodng 90% Itfdng gao xuat khau vd 6()'/c kim ngach xua't khau thuy sin cua ed ntfdc.
Ddng bing snng Ciifu Long cd 3 ldi \hi: rat Idn Id: Vj tri dja I^ thuan ldi, trung lam cua khu vtfc Ddng Nam A, cd thi ke't nd'i thudn ldi vl giao thdng vdi cae ntfdc ttong khu vtfc vd tiie'gidi; ed ngudn lao ddng ddi ddo; ngudn tdi nguydn phong phu. Tuy nhien, stf phdt trien kinh le xa hdi cua vflng tiong thdi gian qua van cdn nhilu ban ehe', ye'u kdm, chtfa ttfdng xffng vdi tilm ndng vd ldi the'cua vflng. Mot ttong nhiing dilm yeu eda ddng bing sdng Cffu Long tiong thu hflt dau tff 66 phdi ttiln kinh td' - xa hdi Id hd thd'ng ke't eau ha tang cnn kdm phdt triln va cha't Iffdng ngudn nhan life edn ban chd'. Vi thl^ddng bing sdng CuTu Long Id vflng tiling vl phdt triln kinh le - xa hdi, gido due, chdm soc y le'vd Ihu hffdng vdn hda...
Ngudn gd'c tif giao d\ic
Quye't djnh 20/QD-Trg (ngdy 20-1 -2006) eua Thu tffdng vl "Phdi ttien Gido due - Ddo tao vd day nghi viing ddng bing sdng Cdu Long de'n ndm 2010" da tao ra dien mao mdi cho trffdng, ldp d ddng bing sdng Cdu Long. Cdc diem trffdng khang ttang hdn nhd chffdng tiinh kien co hda trffdng ldp; mdt bp phan gido vidn
(') TS., Nguydn Ph6 Vy Tradng, B6 NCii vy-
an ldm giang day nhdcd nhd cdng vu. "NhUhg do cd sd ha lang xa hdi eda vflng d mffc xul^l phdi dilm thd'p, ngudn Iffc diu tff chffd ddng bp vd du manh dl tao ra dot phd cho sff nghidp gido due - ddo tao todn vflng" - Day Id nhdn dinh cda Ban ehi dao Tay Nam bp da due kel Quyd't dinh 20/2(K)6/QD dd dc ra nhflng chi tieu eu till: 15- 17% tid dffdi 3 tiidi di nhd tid;
ttdn 50';^ hpc sinh THPT di hpc dung dp flioi;
23% lao dpng qua dao tao nghi; binh quan 150 sinh vidn/van dan. Dd'n nay, hau bet cdc chi tieu ddng bdng sdng Cihi Long dat dffdc cdn rat tha'p.
Nhffng ye'u kdm cua gidci due, ddo tao vd day nghi vung ddng bing snng Cdti Long tdn tai iff hdng chuc ndm nay mac dfl da dffdc quan lam dau Iff. Cn rai nhieu nguyen nhan dan d^n tiiffe ttang ndy: diu Iff edn tha'p so vdi nhu clu, dau Iff ehu^ ddng bp, f thffc ve vide hpc cua mpt bp phan nhan dan trong vflng edn ddn gian, khd huy dpng cdc ngudn Iffe xa hpi dau tff cho gido due... Td't ca dang can ti^ gido due, dao tao vd day nghi ddng bing sdng Cdu Long phdt triln nhanh, manh hdn.
Sd' lieu cua Bp Gido due - Ddo tao cho thay thffc ttang gido due hien nay eua vflng ding bing sdng CdU Long dang d bac tiia'p nhat ttong ca nffde. Mae dfl qui md tuyIn sinh cac bdc hpc vd ddo tao deu tdng, ed sd vat ehd't dtfdc dau ttf td'l hdn trtfde... nhffng qui md gido due chffa tirdng xfl^g vdi tim vdc va vj tri chiln
DigP VAN SON - Di TlM L(3l GlAl 51 Itfdc cua vflng. Cu till, sd'hpc sinh THPT/1.000
dan chi dat 26,31 ngffdi ttong khi binh quan chung ca nffde Id 34,64; mang Iffdi tiiTdng ldp con Ihie'u vd chffa hdp \f... Gido vidn vd cd sd vdt cha't cho giao due edn tiiid'u. Nhffng khd khan v l gidd due cua ddng bing sdng Cdu Long da dtfdc nhin tiia'y nhflng cham khie phue; ngan sach diu ttf hang nam van edn tha'p hdn cac viing mien khde vd tten ca ntfdc.
Tinh binh quan d le lao ddng dtfdc ddo lan ca vflng dat khoang 14,31 %; binh quan ed 24.6 hpc sinh trung hpc chuyen nghiep vd 64 sinh vidn dai hoc, cao d i n g tten 1 van dan. Nd'u ddng bing sdng Hong ehi khodng 327.000 ddn la cd mdt trtfdng dai hpc vd hinh quan chung ca nffdc Id 9(X).000 dan thi vflng dong bing .sdng Cijfu Long lai dd'n 3.37 trieu ddn mdi cn dffdc mpt trffdng dai hpc.
Ngudn nhan Itfc bac cao hdn cung dang thid'u hut tram ttpng. Ti le gido sff. tie'n sT. ihae sT...
cua ddng bang sdng CiJli Long cung cdn qua tha'p sn vdi cdc vflng mien khae.
Chinh phu dau tff cho ddng bdng sdng Cdu Long tha'p, chi khoang 16% ngan sdch. Mdt loat ke't call ha tang dffdng giao thdng, bdn cang...
mai tdi gan day mdi khdi dpng. Hdi nghi v l giao due ddng bang sdng Cdu Long mdi -day da nhac Iai hdi nghi gido due nam 1999. Hoi do Thfi Tffdng quye't djnh Id phai ehi 22% ngan sdch dau tff eho gido due (tffdng dffdng vdi ti le ddn sd'), nhtftig nam ndm sau ngdi k i l m tta lai tiii tiiay ehi mdi chi ed... 19%. Vide de tinh trang tren sud't mdt thdi gian qua dtfdc xdc djnh Id do thieu stf quan tdm tff cap trung ffdng, bp ngdnh de'n eac dja phtfdng. Thd ldm mdt bdi tinh so sdnh: D i e Lac hdn Tien Giang khoang 100.(X)0 dan nhifng phan chi dau ttf tff ngan sach cho gido due cfia Dae L i e cao khoang gap ddi so vdi Tien Giang. Xud't phdt d i l m cda ddng bang sdng Cdu Long rat thap, ti ttpng d i u ttf lai khdng eao nen gido due, ddo lao vd day nghi ddng bang sdng Cfifu Long nhtf dffa tte hut hdi, khdng "chay" theo ndi vdi ban be.
Nguyen nhan cOa ihffe trang trdn chfl yd'u cdn do: quy hoaeh mang Iffdi trffdng hpc edn nhilu han ehe'; ed ehd', ehinh sdch v l day nghe cho lao dpng ndng thdn edn ba't cdp; cd sd vat cha't, ttang ihid'l bi lac hau; thdng tin thj trffdng lao ddng, viec ldm chffa day du vd kjp thdi, ngffdi lao ddng cdn Iflng tflng trong vide Iffa ehpn nghe, tim kie'm vide ldm sau khi hpc nghi;
tinh lien tiidng, lidn kd't ttong ddo tao, day nghe, giffa ddn vj ddo tao vd sd dung lao ddng cdn nhieu han chd; nang Iffc cfia mpt bd phan cdn bd quan 1^ chffa dap ffng ydu eau phdt trien, chffa tham mffii dffdc cd che' ehinh sdeh Unh boat, phfl hdp vdi dac dicm kinh le', xd hdi dja phffdng.
Liti giai nao?
Can thffc hidn cd che nhd nffdc vd nhdn ddn cflng ldm de tdng cffdng dau tff cho gido due nang cao trinh dp vdn hod cho dong bing sdng Cffu Long sdm pho cap gido due ed sd.
Dicu chinh mang Iffdi cd sd ddo tao cho phfl hdp vdi ydu eau quy hoaeh phdt triln kinh tc' xa hpi cua vflng. Xay dtfng mdt sd' cd sd san xud't ndng nghiep ed trinh dp ky thudt cong nghe cao trong cdc vflng ndng nghiep ttpng diem nhim kd'l hdp khuyd'n ndng, diy manh boat ddng phd bid'n chuyin giao tie'n bp ky thuat eho ndng dan. Trong viec dao tao nghi ndng nghiep cho ndng dan can chfl f ca phtfdng tien ky thudt vd ky nang quan ly, khdng chi chii ttpng cdc loai hinh ehinh quy ttdn cd sd phdt trien he cao d i n g , trung hpc chuyen nghidp, md ddc biet quan tam ldi md hinh ddo tao cpng ddng. Tang ctfdng ddo tao ngdnh nghi phi ndng nghidp eho ndng ddn.
Cd chinh sdch khuyd'n khich vd sff dung td't suih vidn hpe suih td't nghiep cac ttxfdng dai hoc, cao dang, ttung cd'p ve phue vu d ndng thdn.
D I gido due, ddo tao vd day nghi ddng bang sdng Cfiii Long tiep tiJc phat triln, can thffc hidn nhilu giai phdp ddng bp, dap ffng yeu eau tinh hinh mdi, g i n vdi chuyin dich cd cd'u kinh
DlgP VAN SdN - Dl TlM LOI GlAl id. thffc hii^n cdng nghi|p hod, hien dai hod
ndng nghidp, ndng thdn, khai thdc hi|u qud nhffng tilm ndng. tiid'manh, phdi huy sifc manh tdng hdp cda vflng. Idng cffdng lien kd'l, gill quyd'l \ ice ldm, xna dni gidm nght:o, tan dung hd trd Iff ngndi vCing (TPHCM vd nffdc ngodi);
khie pliiic nhflng bd't c^p. yd'u kdm trdn idft cd cdc ITnh vffc cd lien quan dl^n phdt triln ngudn nhan Iffc dnng bang sdng Cifu Long.
Trdn cd sd nhin nhdn dflng thffc chd'l llnh hinh, thd'ng nhd't kicn nghj Chinh phu tid'p luc tdp tiling diu Iff eho Unh vffc cd tinh ddi phd ndy cua vflng nhffng djnh hffdng vd gidi phdp quan ttpng sau:
Mdt Id, \;iy dffng chffdng trinh phdi trien ngudn nhan life tiling 10 nam tdi. lam nhin 20 ndm de trien khai ngay sau khi kd'l thuc vide tiiffe hien Quyet djnh 20/2006 vdn ndm 2010.
Trong dd. tidp tue xdc dinh gido due - ddo lao Id nhan to'quye't djnh dd'i \ di sff phdt triln eda ddng bing sdng Cffu Long, dffa ra dffdc nhffng mue tieu va giai phdp cu thi.
Theo dd, tdng dau tffngan sdch cho ddng bing sdng CiJfu Long eao hdn so vdi thdi gian qua, mffc ld'i thilu tffdng ffng vdi ty le dan sd^cua vflng (urdng dffdng 22% sn vdi ca nffdc). Tiu lien eho vflng ddng bing sdng Cufu Long tid'p can vd phdi huy ede ngudn vd'n ODA tiidng qua nhutig dff an cu ihl.
Hai la, ban hdnh ed che'chinh sach ddc thfl ve gido due, ddo lao vd day nghe eho ddng bing sdng Cuii Long. Kie'n nghj Chinh phu ho ttd 100% kinh phi den bfl cho cdc dff dn ttong linh vffc gido due, day nghi tten dja bdn ede tinh cdn ttd ca'p eua Irung ffdng lhay vi ho ttd 50% tiieo nhff Nghi djnh so' 69/2008 ngdy 30- 5-2(X)8 eua Chinh phu vl ehinh sdeh khuyd'n khich xa hdi hod dd'i vdi cdc hoat ddng ttong linh vffe gido due, day nghi.
Cd chffdng uinh cu till nhim eai thi|n mdi tiifdng ldm vide tai vflng ddng bing sdng Cdu Long; khdi phuc vd phdi tiiln cdc Idng nghi truyin thong cd gid trj kinh te, gin liln vdi
qud tiinh dd thi hod ndng tiidn bing vide kl't hdp edng ngh| truyin tiid'ng vdi tri tiiffc hi|n dai vd cdng ngh| mdi.
Ha Id, diy nhanh ti^n dd diu tff xay dfftig mdi lai Cin Thd mdi tiirdng dai hpe tiieo tieu chuin qud'c le'; eflng vdi vi|e dau tff ndng cap Trffdng Dai hpe Cin Thd tiidnh ttifdng ttpng dicni qud'c gia, xdy dffng Trtfdng Dai hpc An Giang ird tiidnh irffdng dai hoe tiong dilm qudc gia thff hai trong vflng. Dau tff vd xay dirng 2 Irffdng day nghi ed trinh do khu vffe ASEAN.
Xdy dffng Irung ldm thdng tin. diTbdo phdt tiiln ngiinn nhan Iffc vflng ddng bing sdng Cdu Long.
Bdn Id, tdng cffdng lien kl^i, hdp lie giffa cdc tinh. thdnh dnng bdng .sdng Cdu Uing, cdc bd ngdnh tiling ffdng vd TPHCM. Theo dd, xdc dinh Ciic tiiff iff OU lien can giai quyet ttong tdng so'cdc ngudn Iffc cua dia phffdng vd tiung ffdng dau tff; rd sndt vd hodn thien quy hoach mang Iffdi trffdng hnc. ed sd ddo tao vd day nghe.
Nghien eu^ \ay dung ndi dung chffdng trinh ddo lao nghe mdi theo hffdng da dang ve chffdng trinh vd hinh tiiffc ddo lao nghe phfl hdp vdi kha ndng vd nhu eau cfia ngffdi ddn c.ic dhi phffdng tit>ng vflng ddng bing sdng Cdu Long. Xd hdi hod manh me trdn cd sd dam bao chuan ehat Iffdng ngudn nhan Iffe tai ddng bing sdng Cijfu Long.
Tao dilu kien eho doanh nghiep tham gia ddo tao ngudn nhan Iffe tai ddng bing sdng Cufu I -nng. Khuyen khieh ddo tao vd ed che dp hd ttd ddo tao nghi cho nhffng doanh nghiep Iff ddo tao nghi. Ddo tao nghi tiieo nhu clu.
Phdi ed chie'n Iffdc nhan sff cho phdt trien Dni vdi boat ddng cua mdt qud'c gia, mdt dia phffdng, hode cfia mdt td chffe. bdn canh ngudn tdi ehinh, ngudn nhan Iffc Id mpt ttxjng nhutig van dl quan trpng nhat vd ddng quan tam hdng diu. Ngudn nhdn Iffc Id tdi sdn bao ddm ndng Iffc qudn l^, phdt tiiln cfia mot Qud'c gia, mpt dia phffdng, nd ed f nghia hdn eac tdi
Di§p VAN SON - Dt T!M LOI GIAI, 53 san hffu hinh nhff dd't dai, nhd xffdng.
TuyIn dung vd duy tri nhdn liTc, dae biet Id nhdn Iffc chat Iffdng cao phue vu eho nhidm vu quan I^ vd phdt tridn dffdc xem nhff vd'n d l sdng cdn dd'i vdi bat k$' mdt td chffe. Tuy nhien, ttong ba cd'p dp eda hoat ddng nhan sff, cdc td chffe d Viet Nam ndi chung vd ddng bing sdng Cfiti Long ndi ridng mdi hau hd't dflng lai d cap dp diu tien - ddn gidn nha't - Id thffc hidn cdng tdc lien Iffdng, bdo hiem, chd' dd theo quy djnh cua phdp luat md chffa chfl ttong xay dffng chien Iffdc nhan sff.
Hau nhff Idu nay chflng ta da bd qua \'iec hoach dinh phdi triln ngudn nhan Iffc ddi ban vd da phin thu ddng ttong edng tde quy hoach cdn bp chffa chu ttpng dd'n loai nhdn sff trong Biih vtfc khoa hpc cdng nghe. chi tinen ngtfdi khi can. Mdt sd' td chffe, dac biet ttong cdc td chffe cua Nha ntfdc, tuy cd xay dtfng chie'n Itfde nhan sff nhffhg viec thffc hidn clii mang tinh hinh thffc.
Nguyen nhan cfia tinh trang ttdn ed the la do tff tiirdc de'n nay ehung ta tie'p can va'n d l ngudn nhan Iffc chl eoi dd la ngudn lao ddng ma khdng xdc djnh chat Iffdng lao ddng chinh la ndng cd't, tao ndn sffc bat, dffa dia phffdng, id chffe phdt triln. Da sd' chi diftig lai d quan niem xem ngudn nhdn Iffc chl Id mdt ye'u td'
"phai cd" trong qua trinh boat ddng va ehi phi ddo tao ngudn nhan Iffe Id chi phi md dia phffdng mien cffdng phai bd ra dac bidt Id dd'i vdi nhdn Iffe khoa hpc - cdng nghe.
Thifc ra, xdy dtfng chiln Iffdc nhan sir khdng c6 nglfia se tieu td'n nhilu hdn chi phi cho ngudn nhan life md Id ban ke' hoaeh tdng thi, cd tuih dai han d l su" dung chi phi dd mot cdch khdn ngoan vd hieu qua hdn.
Chil'n Itfdc nhdn sff, cfia ddng b i n g sdng Cdu
Long Id khdng i h l chi dfltig lai d vide dff bao nhdn sff, thu hflt tuyIn dung, ddo tao phdt trien, de'n ddng vien dai ngd... md cdn phdi bao gdm cd nhffng cdch thffc duy tri ngudn nhan Iffe phfl hdp. Chie'n Iffdc duy tri ngudn nhan sff khdng ddn thuin Id dffa ra cdch thffc giff ngffdi md cdn the hien d vice quy hoach, xay dffng cho ddng bing sdng Culi Long mdt dpi ngfl kc'ean.
Chidn Iffdc ndy giflp cho phdt triln dffdc ddi ngfl bdo ddm cho sff phdt triln, n i m bit nhffng thdnh tffu khoa hpc - cong nghd tidn til^n dam bdo cho sff phdt ttiln theo chilu sdu vdi quy mu edng ngdy cdng md rdng, nhtftig gidm chi phi dau tff.
D I vffdt len thdch thffc de'n tff nhilu piiia, ddi hdi mdi Qud'c gia, dja phffdng hay td chffe ludn phai ttd tiidnh ngffdi tidn phong, ludn phai tim cho minh mdt con dffdng khde biet - khdng chi ttong chien Iffdc phdt trien thuan tfly v l kinh te - xa hdi md edn ttong chil^n Iffdc con ngffdi cfia minh. Neii khdng cd chie'n Iffdc nhdn sff dung dan tiii khd long vffdt qua nhffng thdch thffc ttong bffdc dffdng phdt triln .
Trong thdi dai kinh id' tri thffc, "chim tidi, cd nffdc " khdng edn dffdc xem nhff the'manh hdng dau. Ddng bang sdng Cdu Long trfl phfl, gidu tilm nang nhirtig nd'u ddng bang sdng Cdti Long thieu Iffc Iffdng lao dpng cd tay nghi, thid'u ngudn nhdn life chat Iffdng cao thi dong bang sdng Cliff Long se cham phdt trien. Chinh vi vdy, phdt tiiln gido due, ddo tao vd day nghe ddng bing sdng Cdu Long Id mdt ttong nhiJng nhidm vu cap bdch, hdng diu. D l rut ngan khodng cdch gido due, ddo tao vd day nghe ddng bing sdng Cdu Long vdi cdc vflng mien khde ttong ca nffde, can phai cd "nhac trffdng"
vd sff vdo cudc cfia toan xd hdi.