KY NIEM 66 NAM NGAY THlJdNG BINH, LIET SI (27/7/1947 - 27/7/2013)
CHINH SACH THUVNG BINH. LIET S I NGUOI CO CONG VOI NUOC TRONG SO NGHIEP XAY DUNG VA BAO VE TO QUOC
• Thirang tinnig, Vien si, TS. N G U Y I N HUY HIEU (*)
D
e bay td Idng biet on ddi vdi thuong binh, gia dinh Net sT va ngudi cd cdng vdi nudc, thang 6/1947 Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh da ehi thj chpn ngay 27/7 hang nam lam Ngay ThUPng binh toan qude (sau ddi thanh Ngay ThUPng binh, Met sT).Vdi dao ly va truyen thdng nhan ai cua dan tdc Viet Nam, trong thu gdl Ban To chUe Trung Udng ngay 27/7/1948, Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh da viet "ThUdng binh la nhUng ngUdi da hy sinh xUdng mau de bao ve To qude (BVTQ), bao ve dong bao. Vi Ipi ich eua Td qude, cua ddng bao ma cac ddng chi dd da dm y l u . Vi vay. To qud'c va ddng bao phai biet dn va giup dd nhOng ngUdl anh dung ay""'. Khi cudc khang chien chdng My, eUu nUde ci!ia nhan dan ta d thdi ky cam go, quylt liet, Chij tjch Hd Chi Minh v l n thudng xuyen nhic nhd toan D i n g , toan dan va toan quan phai thue hien td't hdn nOa ehinh sach ddi vdi thUdng binh, bdnh binh, gia dinh liet sT. NgUdi can dan: "Dd'i vdi nhUng ngudi da dung cam hy sinh mdt phin xUdng mau cua minh (can bp, binh sT, dan quan, du kfch, thanh nien xung phong ...), Ding, Chinh phu va ddng bao phii tim mpi each cho hp ed not an chdn d, ddng thdi phii md nhiJfng ldp day nghi thich hdp vdi mdi ngUdi de hp dan dan ty lye canh sinh. Ddi vdi cac liet sT, mdi dja phUdng (thanh phd, lang xa) can xay dpng vudn hpa va bla ky niem ghi sy hy sinh anh dung cOa cae Net sT d l ddi ddi giao dgc tinh than yeu nudc cho nhan dan ta. Ddi vdi cha
(*) Nguyin Oy vien Trung uong Dang, ThU trudng BQ Qude phdng
me, vp eon (cija thuong binh va liet sT) ma thieu sUc lao ddng va tung thieu, thi ehfnh quyen dja phuong (neu d ndng thdn thi chinh quyln xa cung hpp tac xa ndng nghiep) phii giijp dd hp ed cdng viec lam an thich hpp, quyet khdng de hp ddi ret"'^'.
Quan triet sau sac Idi day cua Chij tjch Hd Chi Minh, trong 66 nam qua, Dang va Nha nUdc ta da ban hanh nhieu ehfnh sach, che dp ve thuong binh, liet sT, ngudt ed cdng vdi nUdc, dap Ung yeu cau tUng thdi ky bao ve, xay dUng, phat tnen dat nUdc. Chfnh sach Uu dai ngudi ed cdng vdt each mang ngay cang dUdc hoan thien; Phap Ienh Uu dat ddi vdi nhUng ngUdi hoat dpng each mang, Net sT va gia dinh liet sT, thUPng binh, benh binh, ngudi hoat dpng khang chien, ngudt co cdng giup dd each mang dupc Uy ban thudng vu Qude hpi thdng qua ngay 29/8/1994. Sd ngUdi hudng eht'nh sach Uu dai dupe md rpng, dung dd'i tupng, dung ehinh sach, eac ndi dung uu dai dUdc luat phap quy dinh, trd thanh mdt he thdng ehinh sach xa hpi ed tdc dung ddng vien, khich le tinh than vi nUdc quen than, vi dan phue vu.
Phong trao toan dan eham sde thUdng binh, benh binh, gta dinh Net sT da phat trien rdng khap ca nudc. NhUng chUdng trinh xay dung nha tinh nghTa, quy den on ddp nghTa, sd tiet kiem tinh nghTa, eham sde thUdng binh nang, eham sde bd me Net sT gia yeu ed dPn, con Net sT md col, phyng dudng Ba me Viet Nam Anh hung... vdi mye tieu, trach nhiem rd rang, ndi dung cu the va nhi]rng dam bao can thiet da thye su mang lai k i t qua to Idn. Hau het xa, phudng, thj tran deu dUde cdng nhan To chuc nha nuoc so 7^2013
la ddn vj lam td't cdng tae thUdng binh, lilt sT.
Hang nghin cdng trinh tinh nghTa vdi gia tri nhieu ty ddng da duyc xay dyng, trong dd cd nhieu nghTa trang Net sTtrd thanh nhUng cdng trinh van hoa - lich sil. nhOng ten gpi quen thupe, than thUPng d nhieu dja phUdng.
Chang dUdng phat trien eua cdng t i c thUdng binh, het si va ngudi cd cdng vdi nude trong hdn nira t h i ky qua la rit ding ghi nhan.
Ben canh nhUng thanh tyu da dat dUdc, trong xay dyng va giii quyet eht'nh sach ddi vdi ngudi cd cdng vdi nudc v i n edn mot sd van d l can tiep tue dupe quan tam nhU Mdt sd trudng hpp ngudi tham gia each mang bi ehet, bj thudng hoac mat tich chua dupe cac eP quan cd trach nhiem ket luan, hang van ngudt mp, ngudi vp Net sTvin mong dpi thdng tin eht'nh thUc ve phan mp eija ngUdi than;
che dp trp ca'p uu dai ndi chung cdn thap, mdt sd ndi dung Uu dai da dupc quy djnh trong Phap Ienh L/u dai ngUdl cd cdng nhung thieu van ban hUdng d i n thUc hien; phong trao xa hdi hoa cdng tac ngudi cd cdng vdi each mang chua dong deu, ehUa dap Ung dupe yeu eau, edn phu thupc rat nhieu vao kha nang, tinh cam va trach nhiem ciJa tUng dja phUPng. NhUng sai sdt, nham l i n , tieu cue trong thuc hien chinh sach, che dp cdn xay ra gay khdng it phien ha eho ngudt hudng chinh sach, de lai du luan khdng tdt trong xa hpi. Ben canh nhOng nguyen nhan khach quan, la nhUng han che trong cdng tac quan ly va td chUe thue hien, nhieu quy djnh chua theo kip vdi qua trinh ddi mdi cija da't nude, dpi ngu can bd chUa dupe trang bj kien thUc ngang tam vdt yeu cau nhiem vy, cd sd vat chat cdn thie'u thon, ehua theo kjp tien bp mdi ve khoa hpc va cdng nghe...
Trong thdi gian tdi, theo tinh than Nghj quyet Hdi nghi Trung Udng 5 (khoa XI) ve c i i each chinh sach tien lUdng va trp cap xa hpi, can nghien cUu, ban hanh, bo sung, si!fa ddi cae ehe dp phu cap, trp cap dac thu vdi nhUng nganh nghe dac thu nhu Cdng an, Quan dpi, vdi cac lue lupng lam nhiem vy tren dia ban cd nhilu khd khan, gian kho.
Nghien eUu de xua't ban hanh va thyc hien td't cae chinh sach hau phUdng quan dpi, Uu dai ngudi cd cdng vdi nudc de g\Q va thu hiJt nhan tai, gdp phan djnh hudng va phat triln
dOi ngu can bd cd tri thUc cao; ddng vien tinh t h i n hpc tap p h i n d^u va lao ddng sang t$b ci!ia can bd, chidn sT trong cdc lyc luyng vQ trang {LLVT); hoan thidn chinh sach Uu dai xa hdi phu hyp vdi dieu ki$n kinh td - xa hdi v i y l u c i u qude phdng - an ninh trong tinh hinh mdi.
V l thye hiln cdng tac chinh sach ddi vdi thUdng binh, lilt sT, ngUdi c6 cdng vdi each mang, can ddi mdi chinh s i c h , cd chd, each thUc td chUe thuc hidn, dam b i o hoat ddng c6 hieu q u i , gdp p h i n dn d|nh, xSy dyng va BVTQ. Trong dd, tap trung vao mdt sd n^i dung nhU: hoan thidn he thdng van b i n quin ly nha nudc; nghldn cUu nang d i n mUc tr(?
cap de trd thanh ngudn lyc dn djnh, ning cao ddi sdng vat chat va tinh t h i n ci!ia ddi tupng hudng chinh sach; khin trUdng t i l n hanh vi$c khio sat, tim kiem, quy tap md lilt sT, dac bi$t la d cae xa bien gidi, vung sau, vung xa, viJng bien dao, khu can cU khang chiln d l hoin thanh cd ban cdng tac nay, thdng bao v l phin md liet sT den tUng gia dinh. C i n tiep tgc cai each thu tuc hanh eht'nh va cdng khai chl dp chinh sach, qua trinh giii quydt d i m bio tfnh chinh xac, cdng bang eho lidt sT, thUdng binh, ngUdi hUdng chinh sach Uu dai.
Thyc hien tdt chinh sach Uu dai xa hpi ddi vdi thUdng binh, gia dinh liet sT va ngudi cd cdng vdi nudc la giai phap quan trpng trong viee trien khai Nghi quylt Dai hpi dai bilu toan qud'c lan thU XI cua Dang nham "Huy dpng mpi ngudn lyc xa hpi eung vdi Nhd nude eham lo tdt hdn nUa ddi sdng vat chit, tinh than eOa nhUng ngudi va gia dinh c6 cdng. Giai quyet dUt d i l m cac tdn dpng v l chinh sach ngudi cd cdng, dac biet la ngUdi tham gia hoat dpng bf mat, LLVT, thanh niln xung phong eac thdi ky each mang va khang chien,..."'^' u
Ghi chu:
(1), {2), ChiJ tich Ho Chi Minh vdi cdng cudc xay dUng vi bio ve To quoc, Nxb CAND, H.2002, tr.1425-1426; tr.1425-1426.
(3) D i n g Cdng san Vidt Nam, Van kiin Dai hoi dai biSu toin qud'c lin thO XI Nxb CTQG, H.2011, tr.229-230.
To chuc nhak ntmc so 7/2013