DI sfa vfa hda (DSVH) cda Hi Ndi ia

KINH NGHllM THtfC TliN

MUC TIEU VA CHINH SACH PHAT TRIEN DU LICH DISAN VAN HOA HA NOI

ThS. NGUYEN PHUC LUtJ ThS. PHAM VIET THANG*'

D

I sfa vfa hda (DSVH) cda Hi Ndi ia mpt hg thdng phpng phd vfi tai nguyfln thi6n toi6n, tai nguy6n hch su - vfa hda, tit ci d i tan ndn Ha Ndi - mdt vtog dit "Dia linh nhfa kiflt" cda Viflt Nam vi tiifl gidi. Hi NOi dufa flifi gidi (UNESCO) cdng tofa 4 di sfa thfl gifli vi hfag ngfa cU sta cip qudc gia, c4p thato phd. Trong totag nim qua. Hi Npi da phit trifin du lich toato, mgto toung biOu qui chua can.

Cac Ipgi hmh du lich d i dupc da dgng hda toung logi hinh du lich di sfa vfa hda (DLDSVH) chua dupc hito thfah rd net, thifiu sfa hut Ifa ddi vdi khich du Iich vi chua dupc qufa ly dfi dat bieu qui kito tfi cao... Vl viy, cta nghien cto mfit cich sau sic, tofa tiign, cd cosd khoa hpc vi thuc ti6n vfl totog gii tii ndi ttOi cda DSVH Hi Ndi, dfing thdi, td chfa vi qufa ly chit chfi, hpp ly cic hpgt dOng DLDSVH dfl DLDSVH Hi Nfli ngiy cfag hign dai, chuyfin nghiOp. cfl ttpng tam, ttpng difim, chit iufag hiflu qui.

1. Myc tifiu phit tiifin DLDSVH H i NOt Hign tgi, hogt dpng DLDSVH Hi Nfli dang tdn tgi sy mau thuta ttnng tou cau phit ttifin kmh tfiva nguyfln tic bin tfln cac di san. Ngnii ra, tota thfa cda cflng dfing vfi gii tti DSVH chua that siu sic nen ttong mflt sd trutog hyp cu thfi, cic gii tri vta hda bi xem tog trufa Ipi Ich kmh tfi

Trafa tito liito dd. Ha Ndi xay dtog Chifin lupc phat trifin DLDSVH vdi cic myc tifiu chung la: phfa dfa dfin nam 2020, DLDSVH Thd do Ha Nfli tiiyc sy se ttd t h i t o logi lilto du lich mdi topn, chu dgp cda du lich Thd dfl, dfing val ttfi quan ttpng ttpng ngato Du Uch, cfi tito chuyen ngliiep cap, he thpng co sd vit chat ddng bO, sin pham DLDSVH cd chat lupng cao, da dang, cfl thuong bifiu, cd sdc eanli tranh; mang dgm bfa sic vin bda din tdc, thin thien vdi mdi trutog, dua Ha Nfli trd t h i t o mdt diflm dfin hip dfa, dfag cap vi xtog dfag li tnmg tam DLDSVH ito cua ci nufa va khu vuc.

Viec xac dinh vi yfiu ciu vi nOi dung chifin lugc phit trifin loai hinh DLDSVH tiidi ky 2015 - 2020, tim nhm 2030 li rit cfa thifit dfi tten cp sd dd h'mh thfah quan difim phat trifin DLDSVH cho giai dogn td nay dfin nim 2030. Phit trifln ipgi hito DLDSVH pbai dugc dat ttong bdi cato mdi vdi quan difim va nguyfin tic pbu hpp.

Muc tifiu phit trifin DLDSVH dupc dat ra ttfin co sd nghien c m bdi cato phit trifin ttong va ngoii nufa, dya tten dutog ldi

* Trung tam UNESCO Phat trien VSn hoa va The thao

** Tnidng Sai hoc Kinh te - Dai hgc Quoc gia Hi Ngi

TID r u i n i l A N t f NHA NtfdC-Sd 238 (11/20151

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NGHllM THtfC TliN

phit ttifln cda Dfag vi Nhi nufa, tifl'm lyc phat Oien, hien tttag phat ttifln vi xu humg phat trifln DLDSVH ctog cic yflu td Ufln qum khic. Giai dota tdi, muc tifiu va quan diem cu thfi la: phit trifin DLDSVH theo hufag bfl'n vtag, cd chat lutog can, sfa pham phai mang tito dfa ttung, dfin nim 2020, du lich Ha NOi dupc bifit dfin tou mOt trnng totog difim dfin hfag dau trong khu vuc. Hutog uu tien ttpng tim l i chifln Iupc vfi phit trifin sfa phim DLDSVH; dinh humg phit trien thi trumg khich; vfa dfi xiy d m g vi phit trifin thuong hieu phal dupc dat thinh chifln lupc; xdc tifin va tuyfin trayfin qutag b i DLDSVH; Ufin kfit vtog vi khu viro; phit trifin ngudn nhin luc du Uch trnng Ipgi hmh DLDSVH. Ben canh dd, tifip tiJC nhin toan kfi hpgch khung giai dpgn 2015 - 2020 li giai doan bin lfi quan trpng nhim tap ra sdc bit manh me thyc hifln Chifln lupc phat ttifin DLDSVH Hi Ndi giai dpgn 2015 - 2020, tim to'm 2030. Giai dpgn nay can thyc hien mOt cich tofa dien cic chuong trito phit ttifln dfi tao ra khung phat trifin cho giai dogn sau.

Tbeo dd, muc tidu ttong 5 nam (2021 - 2025), cic boat dOng phit trifin cta thuc hien hota chito, hota t h i t o cac nhiem vu dit ra thep ttag llnh vuc, dua logi hinh DLDSVH phit tiifin mOt cich bii bta, bio dam ve cliat lumg vi dat cac muc tiflu dfl ra, ttong dfl, tip trang diu tu va xay dmg kfi hogch pbit ttifin DLDSVH tai cac khu DSVH tiem ntag cda Ha Nfli, toir. qufa thfl Hofag Thito Thfag Long; quta thfi di tich Vfa Mieu Quflc TuGiim;hethdngcicdfln, chua cd tgi Hi Nfii; khu phd cd Ha Ndi;

qufa thfi Lfi hOi Gidng; khu di tich Bic Hd tai Phd Chd tich; Ifag vfa hda du lich cac dfa tdc Viet Nam (Sdc Son - Ha Ndi); Ifag du lich vfa hda Viet cd Dutog Lam; khu du

lich vfa hda tam Uto ndi Ba Vi (dfin Ha - Trmg-Thugng),...

Dfl thuc hien xay dtog ^ hoach cflng tou ttifin khai cac hogt dfing Udn quan, Sd Vfa hda, Thfi thao va Du Uch Ha Ndi la co quan diu mdi chd tri trifin khai cac hoat dfing cda chuang ttito tten cosd phdi hpp vdi cic sd, ban, ngato Ufin quan vi cic dia phuang td chdc trifin khai cic boat dOng Udn ngito tgo difiu kign thuc day DLDSVH phit trifln. Chuang trinh dupc trifin khai thyc hien tten phgm vi tpfa t h i t o phd cto cd theo quy hoach tdng thfi phit ttifin du lich Thu dd vi quy hoach tdng thfi phit trifln cic vtog du Uch Thu dfi.

2. Cic chito sich phit tiifin DLDSVH Hi NOi

Trfin CO sd thyc tfi, dfi pbit trifin DLDSVH thuc su ttd flitoh ngtoh kinh tfi mui nhpn, H i Ndi cin xiy dtag cd bfl thdng chinh sich phat ttifin DLDSVH phi hpp, bap gfim chiiih sich dii ban vi chito sich ngin hgn ddng thdi, dupe thfi hien trong chifin lupc, quy hpgch phat trien du lich cda Thd dd. Cliito sich phai bip dim khuyfin khich, huy dOng tip trang ngudn luc, khai thic tni uu tifim nfag, thfi mgto cda Thd dd; ban tdn vi pbit huy dupc nhtag gii tri trayfin thong; nfag cao chit lutog. hifiu qua va sdc canh tranh, tao dOng lyc thdc day phat trifin kinh tfl - xi bfiiThddfi.

a. Ddi vdi chlnh sich dai ban Nhdm chinb sach khuygn khich DLDSVH: tap difiu kign chp khich du lich qudc tfi dfin Ha Nfli; ttog cumg gidi thieu hito a t o DSVH cda Thd dd tdi du khich thdng qua cic phuong tien thdng tin dai chtog; ttog cutag ntog iuc togdtogcflng nghfl cao toim hien dai hda thd Ore xuit, nhip cato dfi ttato tinh trang du khach xfip htag htag gid chd iam tiid tyc xuit, T<>p r0 ni IAN Lf NHA NtfdC - Sd 238111 /^ni ei

KINH NGHllM THtfCTliN nhgp cato. Khuyfin kliich diu tu khu vuc tu

tota van hg ttag noi cd cic DSVH; tm dii dau tu khu vyc cd DSVH tifl'm ntag du Uch toung khi nfag tifip cfa ban chfi, khuyfin khich phit trien da dgng cic sfa pham DLDSVH, pbat tiifin cac sta pham DLDSVH mang tito dgc thu, sta pliim, dich vu mang ttoh chifin lupc toim hd tto cho difim dfin;

bmh thato quy thdi gian nglii ngoi khuyfin khich du lich; ting cumg du Uch t t a hifiu vfa hda Uch sd va con nguoi.

JVhdm chlnh sich kiim soat chit luong loai hinh DLDSVH: nang cao nhfa thfa cda ngudi dfa vfi gii tri cda cac DSVH, kifin thfa cda cfa bd qufa ly ttong cdng tic tfl chfa, qufa ly boat dflng DLDSVH tai cic difim tham quan nhim ban vg va phit huy gia tri DSVH, Xiy dfag quy trito Idem suit td chdc tai cic difim DSVH nhim bao dim cdng tic td chdc dat hieu qua, phu hgp vdi sue chda cua di sfa...

- Nhdm chinh sich ting cudng hgp tic cdng va cdng - tu: 1) Ddi vdi khu vuc cdng:

xiy dmg quy trinh tfl chdc phoi hpp thuc hign trifin khai cflng tic quta ly du Uch di sin gifla cac CO quan qufa ly toi nufa nhim bio dim sy mito bach trong thuc hien cdng viec, trinb sy dun diy ttich toiem. 2) Dfli vdi khu vyc cflng - tu: xiy dmgcachfiUfinkfitgifiadaldienNha nufa vdi khu vuc tu nhfa tiieo mfl hito tham gia, dgi dien, gdp vdn, tham gia trong tu van hoach dinh chinh sich (Hdi ddng tu vfa phit trita DLDSVH); quy pbit trifln, quy XUC tifin DLDSVH; chia se trich toifim ttnng thuc hifin chuong ttito phat ttifin (xdc tifin, qutag bi, phat trifin thuong hieu, phit trifin ngudn nhta luc); huy dflng ngudn lyc td khu vyc tu nhta cho hogt ddng chung cda vung; xa hdi hda dau tu phit trifin ha ting du lich; uu dii ddi vdi totog dy i n diu tu van phit trifin

DLDSVH; huy dflng duanh nghiflp dflng gflp quy XUC tifin DLDSVH theo ty 10 doanh thu hoic ty 16 theo so Imng khich qudc te.

- Nhdm cbinb sach phit ttiin DLDSVH bin vung: khuyfin khich, tm dai ddi vdi cic dy ta phit trien DLDSVH cd sd dmg nhieu lao dflng dja phuang; khuyfin khich, ho tro thyc bifin chuong tr'ito giim sit mdi trutog tai cic khu, tuyfin, difim vi co sd dich vy phuc vu cho hogt dOng DLDSVH;

CO chfl tao lip quy bio tfin va phit huy cic gii tri ty toifin va tota vfa phyc vu boat ddng DLDSVH.

- JVhdm chinh sich xdc tiin, quang bi binh inh DLDSVH Ha Noi ndi riing vi Viet Nam ndi cbung tdt cic nudc trongkhu vgc va tren thg gdi: tfag cufag cdng tic xdc tifin, qufag ba hito fab DSVH thdng qua cic hnat ddng giap lira vfa hda qudc tfi, cic hOi chp du lich qudc tfl thumg nien, cac hogt dpng gidi tiiifiu hinb inh DSVH Ha NOi vi Viet Nam dupc UNESCO cdng tofa qua cic chupng trinh Ngiy Vin bda Viflt Nam d nufa ngpfa Phdi hpp vdi BO Ngpgi giap ViOt Nam, Bd Vfa hda, Thfi thao va Du lich, Tdng cue Du lich t h i t o lip cic vfa phdng XUC tifin vi qufag b i hito a t o DLDSVH Ha Nfli va Viflt Nam tai cic nufa ttong khu vyc vi ttfln thfl gidi.

- Nhdm chlnh sach dao tgo: tfag cymg dio tgo, phd bifln kifin tbdc vfi tim quan trpng, gii tri cda DSVH, trich nhiflm qufa ly vi trifin khai thuc thi chn ddi ngu ciii bd Iim viec ttcng ngfah Du lich. Td chdc dio tao vi dito ley kifim tra sat hgto ddi vdi cic thuyfit mmh vien, hutog dfa vien du lich tai cic difim DLDSVH nhim bao dam su trayen dat thdng tin tdi du khich phii mtog tito toil qufa, chito xic, phit huy gii tti DSVH.

- Nhdm chinh sach quy dinh cac che til xuphat ddi vdi td chdc, ca nhin sai pham TAP CHl Q U A N Lf NHA Ntfdc - Sd 238 (11 /2015)

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NH NGHllM THtfCTliN

aongtdchdc, thuchien, quan If boat ddng DLDSVH^ytdnbaidengitriDSVHvilgi Ich qudc ga.

b. Ddi vdi chinh sach ngin ban - Chinh sach diu tu tip trung cho cac khu DLDSVH dugc UNESCO cdng nhin la DSVH cua nhan loai, cd sue canh (ranh cao ttong khu vgc va qudc te: uu dii btag cic cdng cu tii chito, ho ttp true tifip cda Nhi nufa vfl ha tfag phit trifin sfa phim, phfa cip qufa ly ddi vdi khu DLDSVH qudc gia.

- CMnh sach diu tu phit trien san phim DLDSVH dgc tnmg Ha Ndi cd sue canh tranh khu vuc va qudc td: tfag cutog nghidn cto thi trutog, xay dmg chifin lugc sta pham; khuyfin kluch sfa pham DLDSVH moi; hd ttp xiy dtog vi qutag b i thuong higu DLDSVH, sta pham die mmg;

Ufin kfit khai thic gii tri vta hda ndi ttdi cda Thddd.

- Chlnh sich bao vi mdi tnrdng tai cic khu, tuygn diim DLDSVH, casd dich vu du tich: ap dmg tidu chufa, quy chufa ve mdi tnrfag; kifim tta xd ly vi phgm ve mdi tiirtog du Uch...

- Chinh sich phat trien ngudn nhin lire du lich: khuyfin khich dio tgo vi chuyfin giao ky nfag tgi cho; thu hut chuyen gia, tofa tai, nghe tofa ttong vi ngoai nufa phuc vu cho dio tgo DLDSVH; ttog cumg chuta hda ky ntag, chuong trito dio tao;

ttag cumg cdng tic thim dito, cdng toin ky ntag; tao difiu kien tU chuyfin, chuyfin ddi nghfi nghifip; hito t h i t o m i n g i t o dio tgo DLDSVH d cic cip dao tgo;

sd dyng phi dich vu via viec dio tao v i phit trifin tota lyc.

- Chinh sich vixuc tien quing bi tai dc tbi tnrdng ttgng diim: nghidn c t o thi tiitmg, phta doan cic thi trumg myc tiflu;

hfi ttp vi tii chito doi vdi thi trutog ttpng

difim; Ufln kfit, tap tiung ngufinlfattongvi ngoii nufa cho xdc tifin qutag bi; hito thato cic keto qufag b i tota can ddi vdi tomg tlii tnrtog ttpng diem.

- Chinh sach pbit triin du tich vin hda cgng ddng: khuySn khich, ho ttp phit trifin cac loai hmh du Uch Itag n^fi truyfin thfing ttag cumg ntag lite tham gia cda cOng ddng; tuydn truy6n ntag cao tofa thfa;

phit trifin md hito n ^ tgi toi dfa (home- stay) tgi cic difim tham quto DSVH vi cic ifag nghfi tiruyfin thdng; hd ttp xdc tifin qufag b i du lich vfa hda cOng dflng; hd trg chuyfin ddi nghfi sang lim du Uch d cic vung ndng thdn, ven dd npi cd cic DSVH.

- Chinh sich hgp nhit hda quin If DSVH: ddi vdi cic di sfa thfi gidi, giao Uiic tifip cho Bfi Vfa hda, Thfl thao vi Du lich chiu ttich nhigm cao toit ttong viOc quto ly. Bp Vfa hda, Thfi thap vi Du lich trmh Chito phd t h i t o lap Bto Qufa ly cic DSVH thfl gidi va tryc tifip phan cdng nhifim vu chp diu mdi cda Bm Qufa ly chiu ttich nhifim quta ly ttag di sfa thfi gifii. Thep dfi, cic DSVH cip qudc gia ttfin dia bto Ha NOi dugc giao trfa tifip cho Uy ban tota d t a thato phd Hi Ndi quta ly tryctifipn

TiiUgu tham kbio:

1. Qudc hoL Luit Di sin vin hda sda ddi bi sungH. NXB Chinh tri qudc gia, 2009.

2. Sd Vta hda Thfi fliao vi Du ljch Ha NOL An tugng Thing Long Ha Ndi H. NXB Lao dflng, 2005.

3. Nguyin Thfi Himg. Phit buy gii tri di ticb phuc vu sg nghiip bio vi, xiy dgng vi phit triin dit nudc. Tap chi Di sto vta hda, s6 20/2007.

4. /Whur Pedersen. Quin if du ijch tai dc khu disan tiii gdi. Tmng tam Di sto ThS gioi ciia UNESCO, 2002.

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TAP CHl O U A N Lf NHA Ntfdc - sd 238 (11/20151