Tuyin tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam DSu khi Viet Nam: Co' hoi moi, thach thuc moi" 191
T U O N G D A
CO DIA LY CAC THANH TAO TRAM TICH NEOGEN VUNG BAC BE SONG HONG
D6 Bat, Nguyen The Hiing, Tran Huu Than Biii Van Thanh, Pham Van Tiem D6 Viet Hieu, Nguyen Thi Dau Viin Ddu Khi
TOM TAT
Nghien ciru tu&ng da cd dia ly cdc thdnh tgo trdm tich Neogen viing Bde be Sdng Hdng da dugc tap the tdc gid Viin Ddu khi thuc hien trong nhirng ndm gdn day tren co s&
phdn tich tdng hgp cdc tdi lieu dia chdt - dia vdt ly hiin cd nhdm chinh xdc hda ve cdu tnic ciia cdc tap trdm tich trong cdc thdnh tgo Neogen, xdc dinh mdi quan he giira tu&ng dd, mdi tru&ng cd dia ly v&l cdc ddi tugng ddu khi, khoanh vung cdc ddi tugng vd di xudt phuong phdp tim kiim thdm dd tiip theo.
Bdo cdo trinh bdy mdt sd ket qua nghien ciru tren, ddc biet Id sir phdt trien theo khdng gian vd th&i gian ciia cdc miin tudng the hien tren 4 mat cdt vd 8 so dd tu&ng da cd dia ly cho cdc thoi ky Miocen s&m, Miocen giira, Miocen mudn, Pliocen - De tu vd cho cdc th&i ky ddu.
Sa dd phdn vung 6 d&i tu&ng cd trien vong ddu khi cung dd dugc thdnh lap tren co s& tdng hgp cdc tdi lieu hiin cd, trong dd cdc d&i 1, 2, 3 dugc coi la nhirng d&i cd trien vong cao hon md tru&c mdt cdn uu tien trong cdng tdc tim kiem thdm dd ddu khi a Bde bi Sdng Hdng.
MO DAU
Be S6ng H6ng la mgt trong nhijng be tram tich Ion nhat a them luc dia Viet Nam ca ve dien tieh va chieu day tram tich, co nhieu d6i tugng tham do, da dang loai hinh san pham (dau, khi, condensat) va lu6n dugc danh gia la be co tiem nang ve dau khi.
Khu vuc nghien cim viing Bae be S6ng H6ng tap trung chu yeu phan dien tich phia Bae ciia be keo dai tii' 16 101 - 113 voi dien tich khoang 79 nghin km^. do sau mye nuoc bien 20 - 80m. Trong hon 30 nam qua tai khu vuc nay mac dii da tien hanh khao sat tren 67 nghin km dia chan 2D, 1200 km^ dja chan 3D, khoan 14 gieng, phat hien 84 d6i tugng co trien vgng dau khi (23 d6i tugng trong doi nghich dao kien tao, 16 trong cac diapia set, 10 bay dia tang, V.V.). Cac gieng khoan hau bet la kh6 hoae ehi co dau hieu dau hoae khi, nhung kh6ng co tinh thuong mai. Trong khi do ve phia D6ng cua bl 6 16 109 va 113, Trung Qu6c da phat hien ra 2 mo khi c6ng nghiep D6ng Fang voi trir lugng 2,5Tef va Le D6ng 0,7Tcf.
Nghien cii'u tuong da c6 dia ly cac thanh tao trhm tich Neogen a day nhSm gop ph^n vao viec danh gia tiem nang dm khi va dl xuat nhimg hoach dinh cho cong tac TKTD trong thai gian toi sat voi thuc te cua bl.
192 Tu'ong da co dja ly cac thanh tao tram tich Neogen viing Bae be SongJ^on8^
TAI LIEU VA PHL/ONG PHAP
Mgt khoi lugng looi cac tai lieu dia chat - dia vat ly hien co tinh den nam 2004 bao gom cac ket qua phan tich thach hgc - tram tich. co sinh, carota va minh giai dja chan dia tang lien quan den nghien ciru tuong da - moi truang, v.v. da dugc khai thac sir dung.
Nhin chung. tai lieu rat phong phu va chat lugng tuong doi tot. Tu>- nhien. cung con mgt so han che nhu cac gieng khoan chi tap trung o 3 nhom khu vuc 16 102 - 103 - 107. 104.
112 nen chua dai dien cho toan khu vuc. mang luoi tuyen dia chan phan bo khong deu - phan trung tam be con kha thua (Hinh 1).
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Nghien cuu tuong da - c6 dia ly dugc tiln hanh tren eo so phan tich t6ng hgp cac chi tieu dia chat dau khi xac dinh dugc tir cac ket qua cua cac phuong phap: thach hgc - tr4m tich; c6 sinh - dia tang - c6 sinh tliai; dja hoa m6i truong; carota; phan tich tu'ong dia ch4n: t6ng hgp xay dung cac so d6 tuong da c6 dia ly cho cac thanh tao tram tich Neogen dugc thuc hien theo mgt trat tir sau:
- Chinh xac boa lai cac dac diem - moi truong trim tich theo cac tai lieu dja chat - dia vat ly tai 14 gieng khoan, cac ranh gioi phan chia dia tAng va cac don vi dja tang nho hon cho cac thanh he tr4m tich Neogen (Hinh 2, 3).
- Xay dung cac mat cat tuong da c6 dia ly cho cac tuyin di qua cac giing khoan.
Cac ket qua ciia buoc 1 dugc sir dung nhu la nhirng tai lieu tua cho dia chan dl phan tich tuong dia chan tilp theo tren cac tuyin (Hinh lb. lc. Id vale).
- Ket hgp vai cac ban d6 dang day, cac mat ck phuc h6i theo dia chan va dia chk xay dung cac so d6 tuong da c6 dia ly cho timg thai ky. Hai dang so do tucVng da co dja ly da dugc xay dung: thai ky dau va toan bg thai ky.
Tuyin tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam D5u khi Viet Nam: Co hoi moi, thach thuc moi' 193 Phan tich t6ng hgp cac tai lieu, xac dinh va khoanh viing d6i tugng trien \'gng dau khi. Nghien eiru chi tiet mgt s6 d6i tugng co trien vgng nhat theo quan diem tuong da - c6 dia ly.
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Hinh 3: Chieu sau dia tang c6c gieng khoan (tinh bang m, ben trai) va du-dng cong chieu sau - thoi gian B3c bl Song Hong (ben phai)
194 Tuong da co dja ly cac thanh tao trSm tich Neogen viing B5c be S6ngJ^6ng^
SU PHAT TRIEN KHONG GIAN VA THOI GIAN CUA CAC MIEN TU ONG
Qua phan tich tong hgp cae ket qua thu dugc tir viee phan tich tuong m6i truong ket hgp voi cae minh giai dia chan dia tang, cac mat cat phuc h6i theo tai lieu dia chan va dia chit, 4 mat cat qua cac gi§ng khoan (Hinh lb, lc. Id vale) va 8 so d6 tuong da c6 dia ly da dugc thanh lap (Hinh 4). Tren cac so d6 nay da the hien ro su phat trien theo kh6ng gian va thai gian cua cac mien tuong be Bae S6ng H6ng.
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Hinh 4: So do tuong da - c6 dia ly cac thanh tao tram tich Neogen BSc be Song Hong a) Thoi ky dau Miocen som; b) Thoi ky Miocen som; c) Thoi ky dhu Miocen gifra; d) Thai ky Miocen giira; e) Thoi ky dhu Miocen muon; f) Thoi ky Miocen mugn;
g) Thoi ky dau Pliocen - De tir; h) Thai ky Pliocen - De tir.
Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 ngm DSu khi Viet Nam: Co hoi moi, thach thuc moi" 1_95^
1. Mien tuong trSm tich biin sau (mau xanh nu-oc bien)
Vao giai doan dhu thai ky Miocen som, mien tram tich co tuong bien sau chi phat triSn trong mgt khu vuc hep 6 phan phia D6ng 16 110 va mgt goc 16 111 ke thira tren cac trim tich Oligocen va c6 hon, nhung den cu6i ky Miocen som va tiep den Miocen giu'a, Miocen mugn thi bien sau da dugc mo rong dac biet ve phia Tay, Tay Nam va manh nhat la phia Tay Bae. Vao cu6i Neogen bien sau da chiem hau het dien tich cac 16 109. 110, mgt phan 16 111, 108 va phan D6ng 16 112. Tram tich ehu yeu la hat min nhu set. set lan bgt lang dgng trong m6i truong co nang lugng thap. Huong van chuyen vat lieu de tao len mien co tuong bien sau gan nhu vu6ng goc voi cae duong bo vao timg thoi ky tii' phia Tay, Tay Bae, Bae va D6ng Bae nhung dang ke nhat la tir huong Tay Bae theo dong chay ciia cac con s6ng c6 d6 ra bien. Trong mien tuong bien sau da phat hien nhieu cau tao dang turbidite, turbidite fan va diapir set eo kha nang tich tu dau khi c6ng nghiep. day la d6i tugng quan trgng trong c6ng tac tim kiem tham do tiep theo [3].
2. Mien tu'ong tram tich su-on (mau xanh nhat)
La mien chuyen tiep giu:a mien tuong tram tich bien sau va mien them be, hinh thanh do cac tram tich set bgt va cat chiem uu the. Mien suon phat trien theo su phat trien ciia tuong bien sau theo cae huong Tay, Tay Bae, Tay Nam va ca phan D6ng gan nhu vanh dai bao quanh. Dieu dac biet la eu6i Neogen, dau Pliocen - De tir thi tuong tram tich suon hoan toan bien mat hoae bi day liii ra xa, kho co the phat hien su thay d6i ve cac dac trung dia chan de xac djnh ranh gioi giira tuong suon va tuong tram tich them. Huong van chuyen vat lieu de tao nen mien nay trong cac thai ky Neogen ciing tir huong Tay, Tay Nam, Tay Bae va c6 ea D6ng Bae d6 ve. Cac dang bay phi cau tao kieu vat nhgn dia tang, cac than cat dai ven bo c6 the tim kiem trong mien tuong tram tieh suon.
3. Mien tu'ong tram tich them (mau vang nhat)
Tir thoi ky dau Miocen som each day tren duoi 23 trieu nam, tuong tram tich them da hinh thanh va lien tuc phat trien trong cac thoi ky sau do Miocen giira, Miocen mugn va ca trong thoi ky Pliocen - De tir. Dau Miocen som viing co tuong tram tich them nay moi chi phat hien 6 viing Bae 16 103 va 107, nhung den cu6i Miocen giiJa no da phat trien nen tan phia Bae 16 102, 106 chiem mgt dien tieh kha Ion, den thai ky Miocen mugn va dac biet la thoi ky Pliocen - De tir thi tuong tram tieh them da phat trien vao trong dat lien va chiem hau het dien tich be S6ng H6ng (ke ca mien vong Ha Noi). Su phat trien eiia no gan lien voi su phat trien va mo rong kh6ng ngimg va lan dan tir D6ng sang Tay ma dac biet la phia Tay Bae lam eho tuong tram tich d6ng bang chau th6 dan thu hep lai. Vat lieu tram tich dugc van chuyen den va lang dgng trong m6i truong them trong, them gitra va them ngoai cung dugc van chuyen tir cae huong chinh: Tay Nam, Tay Bae va dac biet huong Tay Bae la huong chii dao theo cae dong s6ng c6 6 cae thoi ky truoc ma ngay nay la cac con s6ng trong he th6ng S6ng H6ng, S6ng Chay, S6ng Thai Binh, S6ng Ma, S6ng Ca va S6ng Lam. Day la khu vuc da phat hien ra nhieu cau tao eo trien vgng dau khi, mgt s6 cau tao dang vom da dugc khoan nhung ket qua khong kha quan va ehua phat hien dugc mo nao CO gia trj c6ng nghiep vi the theo tac gia trong miSn tuong th§m can nghien cim them ve cac dang bly phi cau tao, ma chii y^u la cae doi tugng dang k^ ap len cac mat bat chinh hgp.
196 Tu'ong da co dja ly cac thanh tao tr^m tich Neogen vung Bae be Song Hong
4. Mien tu-ong tram tich dong bang chau tho
Dau Miocen som, dien tich phan b6 cua tuong tram tich d6ng bang chau th6 chi chiim phin phia BSc 16 103, 107, toan bg 16 102 va phia Tay 16 106. Nhung cang ve sau thi tuong trim tich d6ng bing chau th6 liii dan ve phia Tay Bae. Den cu6i Miocen thugng diu Pliocen trim tieh d6ng bing chau th6 da bi thu hep lai va liii dan vao bo bien hien tai, con phia Tay va Tay Nam cua viing nghien cim thi tuong tram tich d6ng bang chau th6 da bi thu hep mgt each dang kk chi con lai mgt vimg hep dge theo duyen hai mien Trung. Ve trien vgng diu khi, trong mien tuong d6ng bang chau th6 thi vimg eo trien vgng hon ca la phin phia Bic va Tay Bic cua cac 16 102, 106 noi ma co nhieu tap cat ket tien chau th6 da dugc phat hien.
5. Mien xam thyc bao mon
Mien bao mon xam thuc hay con ggi la mien luc dia co ciing thay d6i dien tich theo thai gian, co nghTa cang tien dan ve hien tai thi mien luc dia c6 cang bi thu hep dieu do chimg to bien lan dan vao dat lien theo tat ea cac huong. De chimg minh cho nhan xet nay chung ta co the nhan biet ngay tir dau Miocen som viing luc dia c6 dang chiem hau het dien tich 16 106 va phan phia D6ng Bae 16 107, con phan phia Tay khu vuc nghien cim thi dien tich luc dia c6 chiem 2/3 dien tich cac 16 103, 104, 105 va ca phan phia Tay 16 111 va 112, sau do bo bien c6 cu liii dan ve cac phia va den cu6i Miocen mugn thi viing bi bao mon xam thuc bi thu hep lai mgt each dang ke 6 cae huong Tay Bae, Bae va Dong Bae chi con lai phan phia Tay cua khu vyc nghien cim la con Ion, nhung den thai ky Pliocen - De tir thi mien luc dia e6 da bi eh6n viii duoi cac tram tieh tre Pliocen - De tii.
CAC DOI TU^ONG CO T R I £ N VONG DAU KHI
De phan viing cac doi tuong co trien vgng dau khi trong cac thanh tao trim tich Neogen viing Bae be s6ng H6ng dugc day du va chinh xac hon, ehiing t6i da sir dung mgt each t6ng hgp cac ket qua nghien cuu tuong da c6 dia ly tir nhidu ngu6n tai lieu dia chit - dia vat ly khae nhau, bao g6m:
- Cac ket qua nghien cuu tuong da c6 dia ly
- Cac dang d6i tugng co trien vgng dau khi moi dugc phat hien va trong cac nghien cim truoc day
- So d6 phan vimg cac d6i tugng co triln vgng diu khi da dugc xay dung tren eo so lien ket giiia cae tai lieu dia vat ly gieng khoan, dia chin, trgng luc
- Cac nghien eim ve dac diem ciu kien tao cua khu vuc, lich su phat triln dia chit cua be qua timg thai ky
- Cac tieu chuan xac dinh cae loai bay dae biet la biy phi ciu tao - Cac nghien cim ve he th6ng dau khi
- Va cu6i ciing la tinh logic dia chat cua su phat trien be
TuySn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: C o hoi moi, thach thuc moi" 97
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Hinh 5: Cac doi tu'ong co trien vong dau lihi tram tich Neogen vung Bae be Song Hong Nhin chung, khi the hien cac d6i tugng da dugc phat hien len cac so d6 tuong da c6 dia ly ciia timg thai ky, cac dang d6i tugng phan b6 kha tap trung, c6 su tuong d6ng giua cac tai lieu va phii hgp voi ket qua phan chia tuong va m6i truang tram tich. Sau khi tiln hanh phan tich t6ng hgp lai m6i tuong quan giua cac tai lieu tren, 6 doi tuong (viing) co trien vgng dau khi khae nhau da duge xac dinh, khoanh viing va danh gia theo thir tu uu tien (Hinh 5) bao g6m:
- Doi tuong tram tieh bien sau - bien suon voi cac cau tao diapia set, turbidite fan Pliocen - Miocen mugn
- Doi tuong tram tich chau th6 - bien n6ng phat trien cau tao nghich dao Miocen mugn
- Dai tuong bien n6ng - chau th6 voi cae cau tao ke thira tu6i Miocen tren mong - Doi tuong tram tieh bien n6ng co cac cau tao bay v6t nhgn dia tang
- Dai tuong d6ng bang chau th6 co cae cau tao lien quan den dia hinh viii lap
- Doi tuong chau th6 - bien n6ng voi cac cau tao phat trien ke thira tren thanh he Oligocen.
- Su khae biet chinh giiia cae viing duge the hien qua eae dac diem sau:
- Qua trinh hinh thanh va phat trien trim tich
- Dac diem eiia da me (tuong. truong thanh, di ehuyin, v.v.) - Dac diem tuong ciia da chira va kilu biy
- Dac diem tuong ciia da chan
1 9 8 Tuong da co dja ly cac thanh tao trSm tich Neogen vung Bae be Songjjong^
Trong sau doi nay thi cac doi 1, 2, 3 la nhiing doi co trien vgng cao hon ma truoc mat can uu tien trong c6ng tac TKTD dau khi o Bae be S6ng H6ng.
KET LUAN
• Dac diem tuong da c6 dia ly ciia cac tap tram tich trong thanh tao Neogen viing Bae be S6ng H6ng da dugc xac dinh theo cac tai lieu tram tich. c6 sinh, dia hoa. carota va dia chan.
• Thanh lap 8 so d6 tuong da c6 dia ly voi cac doi tuong chau th6, them, suon, bien sau cho cae thai ky:
DauNi' v a t o a n b g N i '
• Diu Ni^ va toan bg N|^
Dau Ni"^ va toan bg Ni^
Dau Pliocen - De tir va toan bg Pliocen - De tu
• Phan chia Bae be S6ng H6ng thanh 6 viing doi tuong co trien vgng dau khi kbac nhau, trong do doi trung tam la trien vgng nhat.
• De xuat mgt s6 dang bay phi cau tao co trien vgng cho c6ng tac TKTD tiep theo:
- Dang quat Turbidite (M-TF-11 IE) - Dang diapia set (113A)
- Dang vot nhgn (Ml02 va Qua Chu6i) - Dang bay h6n hgp (Hai Yen)
DENGHI
• Dan day mang luoi khao sat de nghien cim chi tiet cac doi tuong da duge phan chia.
• Ap dung cac c6ng nghe moi: AVO, AI, 4C va trgng luc phan giai eao dl danh gia them do tin cay cua cac d6i tugng dau khi da dugc xac dinh.
• Tiep tuc nghien cim tuong da c6 dia ly phin phia Nam bl S6ng H6ng nhim co birc tranh day dii ve trien vgng dau khi eiia toan be.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Claus Andersen va n.n.k., 1999. Phdn tich md hinh bi Kainozoi Sdng Hdng. Dh an hgp tac Viet Nam va Dan Mach, Pha II, Luu Vien Diu Khi.
2. D6 Bat va n.n.k.. 2001. Dinh danh vd lien kit dia tdng trdm tich Di tam thim luc dia Viet Nam. Luu Trung tam Th6ng tin Tu lieu Diu khi, T6ng c6ng ty Diu khi Viet Nam.
3. Do Bat, Nguyen The Hiing va n.n.k., 2004. Ddc diim tu&ng da cd dia ly cdc thdnh tgo trdm tich Neogen viing Bde be Sdng Hdng. T6ng c6ng ty Dau khi Viet Nam.
Tuygn tap bao cao Hoi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam: Co' hoi moi, thach thuc moi" 199
4. Ha Qu6c Quan va n.n.k.. 1996. Bdo cdo tdng hgp tdi lieu dia chat - dia vdt ly nhdm ddnh gid tiim ndng ddu khi khu vuc cdc Id 102, 103, 107, 111 vd 112 & be Sdng Hdng.
Luu Vien Dau Khi.
5: Idemitsu. 1995. A final evaluation report; Summary and conclusions. Block 102/91. Vietnam.
6. Luu Hai Th6ng, Ly Truang Phuong va n.n.k., 1983. Bdo cdo tirdng da cd dia ly trdm tich Kainozoi miin vdng Hd Ndi. Luu Vien Dau Khi.
7. Mobil, PetroVietnam and VPI, 1997. Exploration evaluation of the Northern Song Hong basin. A joint Study by Mobil, PetroVietnam and VPI.
8. Nguyen Manh Huyen va n.n.k.. 1998. Bdo cdo tdng hgp tdi lieu dia chdt - dia vdt ly, ddnh gid dia chdt vd chinh xdc hda cdc cdu tgo, vi tri tdi iru cho cdc giing khoan
TKTD & khu vuc Id 111, 112. T6ng c6ng ty Diu khi Viet Nam, C6ng ty Giam sat cae hgp d6ng chia san pham, HaNgi, 6-1998.
9. Nguyen Quang B6, Le Van Truong va n.n.k., 1995. Bdo cdo ddnh gid dia chdt lua chon cdu tgo phuc vu khoan tim kiem thdm dd cdc Id tir 108 din 113 vinh Bde bd. T6ng c6ng ty Dau khi Viet Nam, C6ng ty Tham do khai thac.
10. Nguyen Trgng Tin va n.n.k., 1996. Tdng hgp cdc tdi lieu hien cd ddnh gid dia chdt vd xdc dinh cdc cdu tgo, vl tri tdi uu cho cdc giing khoan tim kiim thdm dd a Id 112.
T6ng c6ng ty Dau mo va Khi d6t Viet Nam, Vien Diu Khi.
11.OMV Vietnam Exploration GmbH., 1995. Vietnam Gulf of Tonkin, Block 104, Interpretation report, Phase I. Volume I, II, III of III, April 1995.
12.OMV Vietnam Exploration GmbH., 2002. Vietnam - blocks Ul, 110 &109. lU-HE- IXa; Post well evaluation. June 2002.
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