KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO CNM
Dir DAO DAC TiNH PHAT TRIEN PHA HUY KIEN TAO
D A N G XUTLY S O L I E U VOfl DIEU DO LUIOII CHIEU STEREONET
TS. KIEU KIM TRUC
Tap doan Cong nghiep Than-Khoang san Viet Nam
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rong mdi tardng dja khIi ty nhien, dit da ludn chju tae dpng eua tm-dng Cpng suit t h i tich 3 chilu vdi eae Cpng suit cyc dai, tiung binh va eye tiiu vudng gdc vdi nhau tuong Cpng la 03>a2>cji. Khi cudng dp tnj-dng Cmg suit du Idn vugt qua gia trj dp bin tdi han dit da tiii se xiy ra biln dang djch chuyin.Cae Crng suit nay phat sinh trong qua trinh phat triln vd ti-ai dit, tCr eac phan Crng hda hpc sinh nhiet va nang lugng lam co gian till tich, tCr lye trpng tiudng... Mat phlng djch ehuyin tao tiianh bdi Crng suit cue dai dudi mdt gdc I n dinh cho tCpng mdi tardng gpi la gdc pha huy cp (hinh H.1). Ding tiidi chfnh Cpng suit nay quylt djnh dang, loai va san trang dCrt gay.
Qui luat phat tiiln kiln tao tu-ng khu vyc vdi cac dac dilm v l dCrt gly, uln nip, nCrt ne dugc hinh tiianh bdi tiudng Cpng suit kiln tao khu vyc dd trong ljch SLP, dae trung bdi cac ylu t l chfnh nhu phuang Crng suit, thdi gian tac dpng... Cd nghTa la bilt dae dilm nay cd t h i du bao dae dilm kia. Dilu nay rit cd y nghTa, bdi trong ttiyc t l edng tac tham dd khdng ttil phat hien tit ca dae dilm kiln tao, cdn nhilu khu vyc chua khai thac dang d n bilt mCre dp pha huy kiln tao d l lya chpn cae giai phap kT thuat, kha nang ca gidi hda va tim kilm via ttian bj djch ehuyin. Cac phuang phap hinh hpe md cho phep phan tieh mil lien quan giu-a cac ylu t l kiln tao va dy bao qui luat phat tiiln eua ehung. Trong pham vi bai bao, chung tdi gidi tiiieu phuang phap hinh hpe md do TS. Dupak I. N. d l xult danh gia mCre dp pha huy kiln tao trong mpt s l vf du cu thi, mpt phin trong khudn khi d l tai d p Nha nudc [1] da duge thye hien cho nhung md him Id chinh d Quang Ninh thdi gian nam 1983-1988 nhu Mdng Duang, Khe Cham, Thing Nhit, Ha Lim va Mao Khe.
1. Danh gia dirt giy bien do nhd va vipa via 10 Mo Ha Lim
1.1. Phan tich moi lien he hinh hgc
Khu vyc nghien eCru cd elu tao mpt nip loi hudng Bic-Nam. Canh Ddng ehua khai thac va d n dugc dy bao v l dCrt gay kiln tao. D i u tien eye cac dCrt giy da phat hipn qua mdt s l Id khai thac canh Tay dugc dua len biiu do cyc (phuang vj hudng die va gdc die) d l thye hien eac thing ke hinh hpe.
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H.1. Co chi hinh thanh dirt gay kiin tao: a Dudng cong Mohr va cac dang dirt giy; b Tuong quan true irng suit va mat trugt [1].
CONG NGHIEP MO SO 3 - 2 0 1 0
CNM KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO a)
21000
20950
20900
20850
20800
20500
407800 407850 407900 407950 408000 408050 408100 408150
. b)
H.2. Qui luat phat thin kiin tao Via 10 md Ha Lim: a - Ban dd phan bd mire do pha huy kiin tao Kl; b - Bieu dd stereo trudng irng suit kiin tao.
Tilp theo tren ludi chilu stereo Kavraiski (hay cdn gpi la Smith, Vulfa) ve eac hinh chilu cua chung (hinh H.2,b), va xem xet tuang quan hinh hpc vdi via than. Tren biiu d l ta thiy he l-l' chilm 33 %, 11-32 %, III - 16 %, va he IV - 10 %. DCrt gly cd t h i nlm cheo, phin Idn chfnh hgp vdi via than.
Kinh tuyln M chay qua he I, II va III la mat phlng djch chuyin chCra cyc dCrt g l y va true u-ng suit CTS.
ai. Mat trugt S I , S2 cua he I va II elt kinh tuyln M tai D l , D2. Do dd 0D1 va 0D2 se la vecta djch chuyin canh, phan b l d i i xCrng qua ung suit 03.
Cdn (Ji nlm each a^ 90°. 02 la giao dilm SI va S2.
Ta eung nhan thiy 03 cd phuang g i n thing dCpng, tao dilu kien phat triln dCpt gay thuan. Sy khac biet t h i n l m dCpt gay cho thiy sy thay ddi cue bp true Crng suit. DCrt g l y hinh thanh chu y l u sau giai doan biln dang udn nip. Tilp theo c l u true nip ldi gay nen ap lye tCr phia Nam va Tay Nam, sinh ra biln dang dpc u l n n i p , tao thanh eae dCrt gay ngang va cheo he III. Dya tren qui luat nay, tCr nhu-ng dCpt g l y nhd phat hien qua cac dudng Id cho phep dy bao hudng djch ehuyin cua via than luc m i t via, giam chi phf dao Id theo hudng khac.
1.2. Danh gia djnh lugng muc do pha huy kiin tao Mdt phuang phap dan gian la danh gia s l lugng dCpt g l y tren mdt don vj chilu dai dudng Id (Kl) hay dien tfch (K2) va x l p khu vyc theo bang phan loai tuong Crng.
Ki=(n/L). _ . (1) Trong dd: Ki - He s l mat dp dCrt gay; n - s l lugng dCpt gly; L - Chilu dai dudng Id, km.
Cae dudng Id dugc lya chpn theo 2 hudng dac trung - hudng d i e va dudng phuang via. Gia tri Kl duge npi suy va t h i hien thanh eae dudng ding tri tren ban d l , ding thdi canh Ddng ehua khai thac duge dy bao tCr k i t qua nghien CCPU eanh Tay - xem hinh H.2,a - ban d l phan b l mCpc dp pha huy kiln tao Kl via 10, md Ha Lim. Ddng thdi khu vyc nghien CCPU dugc x l p vao nhdm 4 theo mCre dp pha huy kiln tao [2], tCpc la rit phCre tap va khdng ap dung ca gidi hda toan bp duge.
2. Oanh gia qui luat pha huy kiln tao md Mao Khe Dang thing dai eho thiy ban d i u ca ban gay nen biln dang kiln tao la Crng suit nen dpc, 03 hudng ngang mat phlng true u l n nip, 02 dpc true udn nip va oi g i n thing dCrng. Giai doan nay hinh thanh dCpt gay nghjch, dpc cd bien dp vCra. Khi k i t thue thanh tao n i p i l l xult hien dilu kien phat triln mat pha huy dai tao dCpt g i y dpc Idn. Sy dung phat triln u l n n i p xay ra khi sCrc b i n can cac biln dang thing du-ng tang len, lam thay ddi tuang quan ai va 02 - lue dd G2 chilm vj tri thing dCrng, va bit d i u thdi ki biln dang sau u l n nip, hinh thanh eae dCrt g i y djch ngang, biln dang tCpng cho va uln cong eac Idp nham thach. Tren hinh 3a mat phlng djch chuyin M ehay qua cyc eac dCrt g i y he VII, VIII va hinh chilu cac mat trugt d t nhau tai Dl va D2.
Ung suit 03 ed phuang g i n n l m ngang, U2 - g i n thing dCrng, vec to dich chuyin ODI, 0D2 ed phuang g i n n l m ngang nen tao thanh eac du-t g l y dich ngang, k i t qua lam phat triln dCrt g i y nhd va
CONG NGHIEP MO SO 3 - 2 0 1 0
KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO
cheo Idn. Sy hinh thanh du-t g i y ldn ludn d i n den sy phan b l lai Crng suit va tao nen nhu-ng biln dang nhd han nhu nu-t ne, du-t g i y nhd... vdi eac d i u hieu dae trung. Tren hinh H.3,b t h i hien vifc danh gia eac biln dang ding hanh lien quan d i n du-t gly FA. Sy phan b l 03 song song hudng djch ehuyin la qui luat chinh. Vj trf d i u tien eua 03 va ai hinh thanh chfnh dCrt g i y FA va nu-t ne he l a va lb, song song vdi FA va la dCpt g i y thuan, ehlnh hgp. Khi 03 chuyin d i i vj trf song song hudng djch ehuyin 0D2 thi tao nen 2 he nCrt ne ddi tilp ding hanh 2a va 2b.
H.3. Phan tich quy luat phat then kiin tao md Mao khe.
Trong ddi fan can dCrt giy, nham thach bi vd nhlu, nCpt ne, tfnh chit bj thay dif, s l lugng he nCpt ne tang len d i n 6, 8 hoac han nu-a. Dac dilm cua chCing la khdng n l m tren hinh chilu via than ma tap trung d mat phlng djch chuyin (nhu he VII, VIII tren eung M hinh 3). Chilu rdng ddi anh hudng cd t h i dugc tfnh theo 2 hudng nhu sau:
• Hudng thing gdc vdf mat trugt:
l=(U1,5).HkhiH>2m;
l=(U2).H khi H<2 m.
• Hudng dpc dudng phuang:
L=l/(sina.sinco). (2) Trong dd: I - Chilu rdng ddi anh hudng, m; a - Gdc
nghieng mat trugt, dp; a - Hieu s l gdc phuang vi dudng phuang via than va mat trugt, dp.
3. K i t luan
Vdi viee thing ke va phan tich tuong quan hinh hpc eae du-t giy, nCrt ne va via than tren biiu d l stereo cd t h i xae djnh trudng Crng suit kiln tao da hinh thanh nen chung trong ljch su-, tCp dd du bao sy phat triln cua chung tai nhu-ng khu vyc lien quan chua khai thac qua. D i l u dd eung cho phep giam chi phi tham dd tim via, phat hien sdm nhu-ng dCrt gay nguy hilm va ludng trudc mCre dp pha huy kiln tao cua khu vyc.l!!l
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Dupak I.N., Nguyen Trpng Hoan (ddng chu nhiem), Nguyin Binh, Kilu Kim Truc,Trln Van Yit, Pham Dai Hai,... Nghien eCru dp I n djnh da vach tru eac via than chfnh vung Quang Ninh (Mao Khe, Vang Danh, Ha Lim, Mdng Duong, Khe Cham, Tay Khe Sim). Bao cao ting k i t d l tai d p Nha nude.Vien NCKHKT Md. Ha Ndi. 1986-1990.
2. fapdep H. C , FpuropbeB B. E., flynaK KD. H.
M flp. PaapbiBHbie HapymeHUfl yronbHbix nnacTOB.
JleHMHrpafl. Heflpa. 1979.
3. Howard L. Hartman. SME Mining Engineering Handbook. Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration Inc. Colorado. USA. 1992.
Nguai bien tap: Vo Chi My
SUMMARY
Tectonic disturbances like faults, folds, fissures that have occurred hundreds of millions of years ago always followed tectonic rules and are closely correlated to each other.
To understand one group of objects (say big faults and folds found by exploration drilling) will allow forecasting the others in other unmanned areas in term of spatial and attributing features, The paper presents the mine geometry method with spherical stereo net diagrams for fault qualitatively and quantitatively Interpretation, as well as results of data interpretation and tectonic attribute forecast in some mines of Quang Ninh, including defining stress-strain state fields and phases, systematization of tectonic synchrony objects, evaluating faulted degree.
CONG NGHIEP MO SO 3 - 2 0 1 0
