LONG AN -DO THI XANH GAN K £ T CONG NGHIEP SACH
Khu Hdnh chinh t$p trung tinh Long An
Quy hoach xay dyng phat trien do thj Long An theo djnh hu-ong gan ket cong nghiep sach voi do thj Xanh
KTS D l V i l t Chiln
Cyc trudng Ctfc Phdl trien do ihi - Bo Xdy dung
L Khai qudt tinh hlnh phdt t r i l n do thj Trong han 20 ndm qua, eung vdi toe dfl tang trudng kinh t l nhanh nhlt cd nude, cde dfl thj trong Vting kinh t l trpng dilm phia Nam da va dang trdi qua qud trinh dfl thj hfla nhgnh vdi nhieu k i t qud tfch eye trong vIOc phat triln dO thj gdn vdi d c mye tieu ndng cao chit lugng eufle sing eua ngudi ddn, tgo chuyin djch ca d u kinh t l , ca d u lao dflng cho d vflng.
Long An Id mflt tinh vira ndm trong Vung kinh t l trpng dilm phia Nam, vua nIm trong vung Ddng bang sflng Cdu Long, Id cau noi giira TP HCM vdi 12 tinh nIm trong vflng dong bang sflng Ciru Long, Vdi diOn tfch ty nhiOn khodng
4,495,5 km^ dan so 1 477.300 ngudi, tinh Long An c6 d c cira khIu quoc te vdi Campuchia, cd hO thing giao thflng thuan Igi (quIc Ip IA, 50, cac dudng tfnh Id 823, 824, 825..., hai hp thong sdng MO Cflng vd Dong Nai).
Td nhirng lyi the v l vj tri vd hg tang giao thflng, trong thdi gian qua kinh t l Long An da ed nhirng budc tang trudng manh. Tfnh noi tilng vdi nhieu d n phim nong nghiep nhu ggo, dua hlu, dda, ddu phong, mig COng nghiOp dgt khodng 40% gid trj trong nln kinh t l finh, dup'c bilt d i n vdi nhirng sdn phim nhu det may, thyc phim c h l biln, xdy dyng . Den nay, todn tinh d 27 cym cdng nghiOp va 28 khu cOng nghiOp
dupe quy hogch''. Da cd 19 khu cOng nghipp dup'c thdnh lap trong tong s6 24 khu cflng nghiOp da duac d p Gily chdng nhgn d i u tu vdi ting v i n dau tu 62,7 tripu USD vd 35.336,68 ty ding. Ty le l i p day cfla cde khu cflng nghiOp dgng hogt dpng dat khodng 50%. Trong bdng x i p hang ve Chi s i ndng Iyc egnh tranh d p tfnh cua Viet Nam nam 2014, tinh Long An xIp d VI tri thd 7 b-ong 63 tinh thdnh trong d nude^
II. Cde thdch thijc trong phdt trien dO thj Phdt triln dO thj d Long An dgng d trong giai dogn dau vdi nhieu k i t qua tich eye di cflng vdi d e khd khdn vd thdch thirc. HO thing dO thj
cfla tinh Long An bao gom 17 do th[: Thdnh pho Tdn An Id dfl thj logi III, 05 dfl thj logi IV la edc thj xd Kiln Tudng, Bin Ldc, edc thj biln Hdu NghTa, C l n Giuflc, C l n Dude; vd 11 thj trln Id dfl Uij logi V. Theo Quylt djnh 1659/QD-TTg ngdy 7/11/2012 ciia Thfl tudng Chinh phu v l PhO duyOt Chuang ti-lnh phdt triln dfl thj quIc gia giai dogn 2012-2020, b^ng ndm 2015 tinh Long An tdp tnjng d i u tu ndng iogi dO thj thj trln Due HOa, trong giai dogn 2016-2020 tdp trung d i u tu ndng logi dfl thj thgnh pho Tdn An Idn do thj logi II, thj xd Kiln Tudng iOn do thj logi III vd edc thj trln Vinh Hung, Thu Thug IOn dO thj logi IV. Nhu v§y trong khodng 5-6 nam tdi, nguln Iyc d n thilt d l d i u tu ndng logi cho 5 dO thj d tinh Long An Id khd Idn. Ddy Id mflt thdch thdc Idn. nhlt Id trcing bli d n h nhilu d l dn quy hogch dd thj, thilt k l dO thj chua duyc lap do khO khdn v l kinh phP.
BOn egnh nhirng kit qud tich eye trong phdt triln kinh t l , phdt then dd tiij eua Long An d n bOc Ifl mOt s i hgn chl: COng tac qudn ly dfl tiij chua theo kjp thyc bin phdt tnln din din sy thieu ding bO gida md rflng khflng gian dd thj vd chit luyng
cuOc song d a ngudi dan. HO thing hg ting ky thugt va hg ting xa hfli chua ddp dng nhu d u : Ty Ip ngudi ddn do thj du^c su dyng nude sgch ehua cao, ty le cdy xanh dO tiij Blip, tinh trang d nhiem mdi trudng do rdc thai, nude Uidi chua duac xu ly ngdy cdng tang. ViOc su dyng tdi nguyen, ndng luyng bong cdng nghipp vd d khu vye dfl tiij chua hipu qua, v l Idu dai se gay mit cdn blng sinh thdi, suy friodi mdi trudng. BOn egnh do, da so d e dfl Uij, cde khu cdng nghiOp d a tinh tap trung d vung dIt tiilp, edc khu vyc ven biln Day Id nhung khu vye de bi tin thuang trude tac dflng d a bien dli khi hgu.
III. D l x u l t gidi phdp
Qua trinh dO thj hda d ViOt Nam ndi chung vd Long An noi rieng dang gdp nhilu khd khan, thdch thuc. Tic dp dO thj hdg nhanh, chfl y l u t u vipc gia tang so luyng di dan ndng thfln - dd thj, lam ndy sinh nhieu van de nhu thilu vipc Idm, nhd d, hO thong hg ting dfl thj va fl nhiem mOi tn/dng. Cflng liic dfl, cde dO thj dang phdi doi mgt vdi nhung rui ro do tac dflng d a biln doi khi hgu Thyc trgng ngy dfli hdi phdi tim kilm
giai phdp phdt trien dd thj g i n ket d n g nghiep sgch vdi dO thj xanh d l kiln tgo mflt moi birdng song gn toan, cd chit luyng d d e dO thj va tiiiic d l y d c hoat dOng kinh t l - xa hOi.
D l quy hogch xdy dyng phdt trien dO thj finh Long An theo djnh hudng g i n k i t d n g nghiOp sgch vdi dO tiij xanh d n chu tipng thyc hien cac giai phdp ca bdn nhu sau:
1. Ting cudng cac dip in diu tu phit triin cdng nghiep s$ch trin d}a bin tinh.
COng nghiep sgch vdi edc tiOu chf ca ban nhu su dyng hiOu qud tdi nguyen (dIt dgi, nang luyng), phdt sinh chit thai ft nhat, sdn xult ra cde san phim nhieu nhat; d i t i l n qud trinh eong nghp sdn xult theo hudng sdn xuat sgch han.
Cde bien phdp cy the bao gIm thyc hiOn chu trinh tdi su dyng, tdi c h l chit thai trong nganh sdn xuat d n g nghiflp d l gidm thilu chat thdi moi trudng; su dung ndng luyng sach, nang iuang tdi tao thay the cho nang tuang tu dot nhien lieu hda thgeh.
Hipn nay, dau t u d c dy dn phdt tnln dng nghiOp sgch d Long An la tuang doi khd, nhlt la trong b l i d n h tinh hinh phdt triln kinh te d a tfnh duyc du bdo eOn nhilu khd khdn (nflng nghipp tang tiirdng chua on djnh ben vung;
san xult cflng nghipp khdng tang, kha nang canh tranh chua eao, dau tu trong vd ngoai nude gidm; tien dO thyc hien vd gidi ngdn vin dau tu ca bdn d n chgm). D l lam duyc dilu nay d n dinh nghTa vd xac djnh ro d c nganh d n g nghiep sgch phii hyp vdi (Xeu kiOn tiiye t l eiia tfnh. CO chinh sach khuyin khfch (thul, dat dai...) cho cac dy dn dau t u phdt biln d n g nghipp sach b-On dja bdn finh.
2. Phit tnin dd thi theo quy ho^ch vi ki hoach Nhu d u dau tir phdt triln dd thj trong tiidi gian tdi la khd Idn tnang Iflc nguon Iyc cdn hgn c h l , ddi hdi vipc phdt bien d n can nhIc gida nhu d u vd nguon Iyc thyc t l . D l t i p bung nguln Iyc phdt bien dd thj theo quy hogch vd ke hogch, UBND finh d n chf dgo edc ea qugn chfl-e nang can eu Quy hogch vung tinh (duyc 42 racc-i
Dudng Hiing Vucmg
phe duyOt tgi Quylt djnh so 4666/QD-UBND ngdy 30/12/2013) xdy dyng Chuang trinh phdt triln do thj todn tfnh; cdn cd quy hogch chung xdy dyng dd thj d l Igp Chuang trinh phat trien dO thj cho tirng do thj vd cde quy hogch phdn khu. TrOn ca sd dO, dug ra cac 10 trinh, gidi phdp, nguln v i n vd edc uu tiOn diu tu phdt trien dO thj.
3. Quin /j? (ot wee th{K; hi^n quy ho^eh Viee thyc hiOn quy hogch chung xdy dyng dO thj eua 17 dfl thj trong tinh d n duyc quan ly chgt chOdI bdo dam:
- Hodn thipn he thing giap Widng dd thj, khuyen khich phdt trien hO thong giaothOng eOng cflng k i t n l i d c khu vyc bOn trong dO thi; giu-a edc dfl thj biang finh vdi nhau vd vdi TP HCM
- Hodn thiOn hO thong cde nhd mdy sdn xult nude sgch vd hO thing cung d p nude sgch d i n hp gia dinh tgi cde khu vyc nfli vd ngogi thj.
- Chit luyng mOi tn/dng khflng khf, nguon nude, qudn ly chit thdi rIn. v§ sinh dudng phi vd d e khdng gian dO tiij.
- Bao ton d n h quan thiOn nhiOn, danh lam thang d n h , cdng trinh vdn hda, l[ch sir nham phyc vy cho sinh hogt vdn hda tinh thin vd nghi ngai cfla nhdn ddn do thj ciing nhu khdch du Ijch.
- Md rpng dipn tich cde khu vye cay xanh dd thj theo quy hoach. V l Idu ddi, d n d i tgo, md rflng diOn tich mat nude eua d c kOnh rgch de thyc sy trd thanh cac khu vye d n h quan dO thj.
- Khuyin khich xdy dyng eae cdng trinh kiln true xanh dp dyng d c tiOu chuin hipn hdnh cfla
\flpt Nam ve su dyng ndng luyng hipu qua, xu ly chit thai
- Kiln tgo d c cflng dong ddn cu sing thdn thiOn vdi mfli trudng, dng xu ed van hda trong tham gia giao thdng vd bdo vO mfli trudng.
4 Nang cao nhgn thue, ning luc quin ly dd thj Tang cudng ddo tgo, boi dudng ndng eao nang Iyc quan ly phdt triln dO thj eho cde d p chinh quyIn do thj vd dpi ngu cdn bfl lam d n g tde chuyen mon, qudn ly dO thj ed chit luyng vd hipu qud.
IV. K i t luan
Trude nhung thdch thue cua qud trinh kinh t l vd dfl thj hoa cfla ttnh Long An, phdt triln do thj theo djnh hudng gan k i t d n g nghipp sgch vdi dfl thj xanh Id hudng di phfl hyp vdi d c do thj tinh Long An d l kiln tgo mflt hO thing do thi phdt tnln ben vu'ng. D l phdt trien theo djnh hudng ndy, d n thyc hipn tot d c giai phdp:
Tang cudng cac dy dn dau tu phdt triln d n g nghiOp sgch trOn dja bdn tfnh; Phdt triln dfl thj theo quy hogch vd k l hogch; Qudn ly tot viOc thyc hipn quy hogch; Nang cao nhgn thirc, ngng lye qudn iyd0thj..,O
T^i lifu tham khao / Bdo cao cua SdXdydifng 5/2015 2 http://www.pcivietnam org/
3 Bdo cao cda SdXay diptg 5/2015- Ty liphu kin quy hogch phan khu dd thi logi tV trd len la 18,1%, quy hogch chi tiet khodng 11.4%. Thdnh pho Tdn An co ty I? phu h'n quy hogch phdn khu 23,8%. quy hoach chi tiet 5%, Hau hei cac do thi dang len ke hogch trien khai vd bd sung nguon von de l^p ihiet ki do Ihl Cong tac Igp quy hogch phdn khu, quy hogch chl tiet trien Idua con chdm, cdn nhieu kho khdn ve von.