TAP CHi KHOA HOC BAI HOC VAN LANG P a n g Huynh Mai
DOI MOT CAN BAN, TOAN DIEN GIAO DUG VIET NAM VOI NHIEM Vy DAO TAO BOI Dl/O^G CAN B O QUAN LY
BASIC AND COMPREHENSIVE INNOVATION OF THE VIETNAMESE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM WTTH EMPHASIS ON THE TRAINING AND FOSTERING OF MANAGERS
AND ADMINISTRA TORS
DASG HUYNH M-AI^'^
TOM TAT: Di cd the thuc hiin mot cdch hiiu qud Nghi quyet Idn thu tdm ciia Ban chap hdnh Trung uang Ddng khoa XI ve Doi mai edn bdn vd todn dien gido due Viet Nam doi vdi linh vuc dao tgo edn bo qudn ly gido due, cung nhu de thue Men chii truang hoe tap va lam theo lai Bdc dgy, tde gid gidi thieu ede tieu chi ve eon ngicai Viit Nam, de xiidt mot so noi dung vd gidi phdp de thuc hien doi mai cong tdc dao tgo, boi duang edn bo qudn ly ciia ngdnh gido due vd dao tgo. Cdc noi dung vd gidi phdp ddo tao, boi duang nhdm phuc vu yiu edu doi mai vi su phat trien ciia gido due Viet Nam Do do, edn bo qudn ly khdng chi hoe mot Ian, mot lap Id du md can phdi "Hoe. hoe nira, hoc mai". Noi dung ddo tgo edn dap irngyeu cau nhiem vu nhu Bdc Ho da dgy.
Tie khoa: edn bg qudn ly gido due, qud trinh gido due, doi mai, noi dung ddo tgo, triet ly gido due.
ABSTRACT: To effectively implement the 8th Resolution of the Vietnamese Communist Party's Central Committee XI onthe basic and comprehensive reform of the Vietnameseeducationalsystem with regard to the training of managers and administrators, as well as to carry out the guideline of learning and doing in accordance with Uncle Ho's teachings, the author of this paper identifies a few characteristics of the Vietnamese people, and presents some contents of, and solutions to, the reforms of the training and fostering of managers and administi-ators in the field of education and training These
contents and solutions serve the needs for renovation required of the Vietnamese educational development. Therefore, it would not be sufficient for managers and administrators to attend one class once for all, but they should spend their time "learning, learning more, and learning forever", and the contents of training should meet their task requirements as Uncle Ho has taught them.
Key words: educational managers and administrators, educational process, reform, training contents, educational philosophy.
<*' NGND.TS. Uy vien Doan Ciiii tich Mat Iran To quoc Viet Nam - nguyen Thii trucmg Bo Giao due va Dao tao, Email: dhmaimoet@yahoo coin
TAP CHi KHOA HQC BAI HQC VAN LANG S6 02/2017 l.DATVANDE
Noi dSn giao due la noi d6n chu6i cac gia tri nhfci each va cac qua trinh dao tao, trong do, san ph&n duprc tao ra a m6i qua trinh giao due thu gSn liSn vdi m6t nh6m dai tuong cu thi Qua trinh dao tao can bp quan ly giao d\ic cung khong nSm ngoai quy luat nay, c6 nghia la npi dung va phuong phap dao tao phai luon luon duprc cap nhat va d6i moi theo yeu da nhiem vu cua timg giai doan each mang.
2. YEU CAU VE CHAT LU'ONG SAN PHAM CUA GIAO DUC NHU BAC HO DA DAY
Th^t ra khong phai la dieu gi moi la, ma ngay tir giai doan Idiang cliien ciiu qu6c, Chu tich H5 Chi Minh da giao trich nhiem cho cac nha giao due, can bo quan ly va cac nha giao la can bp Dang ve yeu cau san ph3m cua qua trinh giao due va dao tao voi bon tieu chi cu the ve con nguai Viet Namm6i la [3]:
Co y thiic va tinh than lam chu tap the, CO tu tuong "Minh vi moi nguai vd moi nguai vi minh", c6 tinh than dam nghi, ddm lam va vuon len hang dau.
Co dao diic va loi song trung voi nuoc, hieu vai dan, yeu thuong con nguoi, can, kiem, liem, chinh, chi cong vo tu, c6 tinh than quoc te trong sang, c6 loi song lanh manh va trong sach.
La con nguoi lao dOng c6 kg hoach, c6 bien phap, c6 quyet tam; lao dpng eo t6 chiic, CO ki luat; c6 nang sudt chdt lugng va hieu qua, lao dong quen minh khong so kho, so kh5; vi loi ich cua xa hpi, ciia tap the va cua ban than minh.
Co nang lire ih lam chu ban than, gia dinh va cong viec ma minh dam nhan ii
vai tu each la c6ng dan tham gia lam chii dit nuac va xa hpi; khong ngimg nang cao trinh dp chinh trj, van hoa, khoa hpc - ki thuat, chuyen mon nghiep vu de lam chit.
3. NOI DUNG DAO T^O VA BOI DIXONG CAN BO QUAN LY GIAO DVC TRONG T H O I KI DOI M6I
D6i chiSu tieu chi tren trong tinh hinh thuc xi, mac dii doi khi xa h6i vin con nhiSu loi phe phan, nhung nhin chung, nganh giao due cung da c6 gang dS the hien trong chuang trinh, sach giao khoa phuc vu qua trinh "diiy chic, dgy ngtcai". Nhiing noi dung dao t^io va b6i duong can b6 quan \j dugc triSn khai qua nhiSu thi he deu gan li4n vol su phat triSn cua dfc nuac cho dii van con mot vai han che. Do vay, viec dao tjo hoac b6i duQng can bp quan ly trong giai doan phuc vu Nghi quySt Dai hpi XU ctia Dang, tire la voi tinh than tiep tuc doi mai can ban va toan dien ciing c6 nghia la phai lam cho can bp quan ly, nh& la luc lugng quan ly nha trucmg can nam chac ciing nhu bilt each van dung npi dung cdc tieu chi ma Bac Ho da day de chi dan doi ngu giao vien ctia timg dan vi di diing theo dinh huong tren. Can bp quan ly lam dupe dieu nay se gop phan mang lai hieu qua giao due thirc chSt cho hpc sinh noi rieng, the he tre va nganh giao due noi chtmg.
Mat khac, can bp quan ly cung cln nghien citu sau tridt ly giao due ma Bac H6 da chi ra cho giao due ViSt Nam: "Hoc di lam viec, lam nguai, lam edn ho. Hoc de phung su dodn thi, phung su giai cap va nhdn ddn, phitng su 16 quSc vd nhdn logi"' (Khi den tham Truong Nguyen Ai Quoc, nay la Hgc vien Chinh tri - Hanh chinh
TAP CHi KHOA HQC BAI HOC VAN LANG Dang HuynhMai Quoc gia H6 Chi Minh, Bac Ho da ghi
trong trang d i u quyen so vang cua nha truong). De npi ham ciia triet ly nay dugc di vao linh vuc dao tao boi duong can bp quan ly, c6 may van de can duoc chung ta quan tam, do la:
Lanh dao mot nha truong de moi nguai cimg thong nhat quan triet quan diem "Hoc de Idm ngicai" la thong diep danh cho nguoi day, nguai quan ly, nhan vien phuc vu. Tat ca deu phai chu trpng den viec phat trien tam sinh ly. giao due dao due. su hinh thanh va phat trien nhan each cho hgc sinh, ben canh nhiing yeu cau \'e uang bi kien thuc cho hpc sinh doi vai giao due pho thijng. Dieu quan trpng la can bp quan ly biet chi dao lieu lugng kien thuc dua ra the nao \'ua dii de hpc sinh c6 the ung xu vai cuoc song hang ngay, dong thai con danh thai gian de giao vien lam nhiem \'u giao due thong qua \'iec trang bi kien thuc cho hpc sinh ciia minh.
Thong diep "Hoc de lam viic" doi hoi nguai can bp quan 1< phai xay dung 16 trinh de can bp, giao vien cua minh biet each day cho nguoi hpc y thtic trach nhiem vai viec hpc, viec lam hang nga\" ctia minh; y thtic tiet kiem; giiip hpc sinh phat hien nang ichieu va nuoi duang tai nang de c6 the tra thanh nguoi lao dong tot trong tucmg lai.
Npi dung 'Hoe de Idm can bo" cho thay nhiem MI chinh cua truong can bp quan h'. cac bai hpc se tap trung de giao due dao diic nghe nghiep \k ky nang quan
!y. Cho du a vi tri nao, mot mat xich nho nhat cua he thong quan ly giao due tir to chuyen mon den can bp cap phong, so thi
\ iec trang bi ly luan va thuc tien deu nham , dat dugc muc tieu la sau khi tot nghiep.
mpi nguoi se tro thanh can bp tot cua nganh.
Nhiem vu "Gido due y thuc phung sic To quoc, giai cap, nhdn ddn vd dodn thi "
doi hoi tang cucmg giao due chinh tri tu tuong, y thiic giai cap, due hy sinh, long yeu nuac, tinh thuong dan, trach nhiem bao
\ e nguai tai, nguai yeu the,... dugc long ghep qua nhieu mon hgc. Can bp quan ly chuyen mon phai hgc dugc each lam viec tren de con huong dan cho can bp giao vien do minh quan ly.
Thuc hien trach nhiem "Hoe de ddp icngyiu cau phuc vu nhdn logi", c6 the noi la \"iec can phai lam trong giai doan "Doi mai edn bdn vd todn dien gido due ddo tgo Viet Nam". Buac vao the ky XXI voi toe dp phat trien nhanh cua khoa hpc cong nghe, cong tac quan ly npi dung day hpc phai thucmg xuyen dugc cap nhat, ling dung cong nghe thong tin trong giang day va thuc hanh. Chi khi nao nguoi can bp quan ly hpc dugc each lanh dao, thuang xuyen cap nhap tri thiic, trang bi cho hpc sinh kien thuc khoa hgc, dao tao the he tre tro thanh nguon nhan luc nang dpng vai tu duy sang tao, biet ket hop gitia siic manh dan tpc vcri Stic manh thoi dai nhu bai hpc da dugc Dang ta tong ket sau 70 nam gianh dpc !ap, xay dung \a phat trien. Luc do, nen giao due ciia chiing ta mai c6 kha nang gop phan dang ke cua minh vao viec dua nuac nha sanh vai dupe vcri cac cucmg quoc nam chau nhu Bac Ho da day. Muon dupe nhu the thi giang vien Truong Can bp quan ly cii moi 3 nam cung nen dugc ra nuoc ngoaj nghien ctiu, hpc tap cai moi, cai hay cua quoc te. sau khi ve nuac se c6 mot chuyen
TAP CHi KHOA HQC PAl HOC V A N LANG S6 02 / 2017 dh giang day d6i moi, thay cho bdo cdo kit
qua nghien ciiu.
6 Malaysia c6 mpt hgc vien quan ly, ncri do moi can bo quan ly nha trucmg tii mdm non d6n dai hpc, cii sau 3 nSm ho^t dpng se dugc trieu tap vl hgc vien m6t th^ng dl b6i duang c|ip nhSt kiln thiic.
Trong thcri gian hoc tdp, viec an d n6i tru do hoc vi$n dai tho. Nhiing chuyin di thuc tS a ca so n§u dugc dan vi moi thi hpc vi$n sS gui l?i ti6n Sn cac ngay do, rit ro rang!
Nhiing ngay he la th6i gian hoat dpng s6i n6i nhit trong nam ciia hpc vi^n. Trong cdc bai dugc hpc a do, chiing t6i tam dSc nh4t hai bai "Nguyin tdc - Phuong phdp qudn ly chuyen mon" va "Huy dong cong dong de Idm gido due". Day ta hai chuySn d^ hgc vien danh gid Id luon luon "dong" va npi dung gidng day yeu cau phai thuc t^, cu the. "DSng" la vi no can dugc thay d6i gido trinh hdng nam cho phii hop voi xu thi thdi dai va tiieo chu truang ciia moi ddt nude.
4. KiT LUAN VA KI^N NGHI Tom lai, c6 nhilu giai phdp di thuc hi$n doi moi cong tdc dao t^o, b6i duong can bp quan ly cua ngdnh gido dye va ddo t£io. Cdc nOi dung ddo tao, boi du5ng c ^ c6 s\r gSn kSt hiJu ca, c6 tac d0ng thtic day mpi ngu6i vi s\r phdt triln ciia gido dye Vi$t Nam. Do do, can bO qudn ly kh6ng chi hgc mpt iJin, mOt lap la dii ma edn phai
"Hgc. hgc nica, hge mdi". TrSn thuc te, mgi vdn 66 liSn quan den vi$c d^y va hpc dSu c6 su gdn bo mat thiSt voi vai tro ciia ngu&i quan ly cao nh4t cua nhd trucmg - hi^u truang, vi vdy d6i mdi c6ng tdc ddo t^o, b^i dudng edn bg qudn ly nhd tnremg c6 thi n6i ciing la mpt khau dpt phd mang tinh quyet dinh de gop ph4n ndng cao chit lugng gido
due Viet Nam. Muon thuc hidn dieu ndy, ben canh viec trang bi ly luan nhu lau nay da thuc hi§n, nSn bo simg nhuiig chuyen de d6i mdi de tir viec boi duSng va dao tao ly l u ^ chuyen thdnh ddo tao ky nang quan [y vdi rapt so ngi dimg giang dgy nhu sau:
Lanh dao nha trucmg qudn 1;;^ cong tdc chuyen mon can biet cdch chu d6ng doi m6i, khdng ngiing hgc hoi, tim toi; dac biet la phdi tu duy de lira chpn vd thuc hien d6ng b6 cdc gidi phdp thSt sir phii hop v6i nha trucmg md minh quan ly tiieo triet ly gido due va cdc tieu chi ma Chu tich H6 Chi Minh da day.
Khoi ddy, huong dan cho tat ca thanh viSn trong nhd truang sdt canh cung vdi hi6u truong thuc hi^n viec doi mdi quan \j, d6i mai phuong phdp dgy vd hpc.
Gan viec doi mai quan ly vdi viec tang thu nhap chinh dangchugiao vien, giiip d§i ngii gido v i ^ , cdng nhan vien on dinh d6i s6ng, gidm ap l\rc c6ng viec bang cdch phat trien ndng luc giang dgy va chuyen mon.
Phuong phdp chi tieu tilt ki6m, huy dSng cong dong de c6 cdc ngu^n h§ trg vat chat va tinh thdij^eho dgi ngfl do minh quk ly.
Giam b6t hpi hpp va cdc thii t\ic hdnh chinh ru6m rd, cdi tiln chi dp thong tin h-ong nha trudng- ling nghe cdc y kien phdn hoi ciia gido vidn dl c6 nhOng quylt dinh diing khi thuc hien cdc nguyen tic qudnly.
Cdc vin dl nSu trSn, nlu dugc diu tu se phii hgp voi yeu cdu trong n6i dung biic thu cu6i Cling ciia Chii tich H6 Chi Muih gui dSn nganh gido due va ddo tao ngay 15- 10-1968: "Gido di^c nhdm ddo tgo nhicng nguai kS tifc sif nghi$p cdch mgng to Idn
TAP CHl KHOA HOC DAI HOC VAN LANG f)5ng Huynh Mai cua Ddng vd nhdn ddn ta, do do cdc ngdnh, nghiep nay, phdi cham soc nhd tncang ve cdc cap ddng vd chinh quyen dia phuang moi mat, thiic ddy su nghiep gido due cua phdi that su quan tdm hem mca den su ta len nhicng buac phdt trien mdi" [I].
TAI LIF.U TIIAM KHAO
1. Bp Giao due va Dao tao (2015). Ky niem 70 nam nin Gido due Viet Nam - Dgi hoi Thi dua yiu nude ngdnh gido due Ian thic VI.
2. Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2016), Van kien Dgi hoi Ddng Cong san Viet Nam, khoa XII, Nxb. Chinh tri Quoc gia. Ha Npi.
3. Ho Chi Minh (1957), Bdi noi tgi Hoi nghi Cdn bo Ddng trong nganh gido due (Bien nien tieu sir tap 6).
4. Ho Chi Minh, Bdi noi chuyen tgi lap hge tdp ehinh tri, Bao Nhan dan so ra ngay 14/9/1958.
5. H6 Chi Minh (1996), Todn tap, tap 12, Nxb. Chinh tri Qu6c gia. Ha Npi.
6. Nguyen Thi Binh (2016), Quy hoa binh vd phdt trien Viet Nam, Nxb. Giao due Viet Nam.
Ngay nhan bai: 04/01/2017. Ngay bien tap xong: 06/3/2017. Duyet dang: 21/3/2017