Danh gia dif an cimg cap thdng tin vd site khoe sinh san m-Health cho nS lao ddng di cxi
Ngnyin Tbi Khn Ngiin', Trin Th| Dtfc H^nhS Vu Thi Ho^sg Lan'
Du dn can thifp dp dung cdc hinh thic cung cdp thdng tin vd dich vu chdm sdc sdc khde sinh sdn (CSSKSS) cho nd lao dgng dl cu thdng qua Hn nhdn. ban dd. tu vdn miln phi qua diin thoai vd trang web ggi tdt la m-Health dugc triin khai trong 12 thdng. Sau khi kit thic can thiip. ddnh gid tien thue nghifm duge thuc hifn nham: Ud td chuong trlnh can thlfp: vd Bdnh gld tdc dfng cia can thifp m-Health din rut lao ddng.
Kit qud cha thdy hdu hit nil lao dgng dd biit vd sd dgng cde djch vgdgdn. Cdc dich vgniy dugc ddnh gld Id rdt cdn thiit bdn thdn vd nd dl eundl chung. Cdc dich vg hau Ich vdi ndi dung cg thi, dl hilu vi ddm bioblmdidodd nhiing ngudi chua ket hdn ed Ihl hdi nhOng vdn de "nhay cdm " nhu Ilnh dgc an loin, trdnh thai. Kiin thie vd thue hdnh vl CSSKSS cia ddi lugng dd tdng lin rd ril. Dudn khuyin nghl nin cdn nhdc st dgng mgng difn Ihogl di eung cdp cdc thdng tin kip thdi, dgc blft phi hgp eho edc vdn dl khdn cdp nhu dich bfnh hay thim hga. Vifc ing dung cdng nghf cling cdn cdn nhdc din bdt cdnh vdn hda xd hdi vd cdc vdn dl rdo cdn ngdn ngd.
TU khda: m-Health, sic khde sinh sdn, dl cu, phu nd
Evaluation report on m-Health information for female migrant workers
Nguyen Thi Kim Ngan', Tran Thi Due Hanh', Vu Thi Hoang Lan'
VL7^e^!lT\'''''°tT"'l'^""''''"''°''''"''''''^
TnZi^it I '"T"- °^'"' " " " " " « " " " "'""" " ^ ""•""- ^fter 1 year of project te impact „/,*„„ tjerventuin on female migrant workers by tracking their changes In knowledge ami practices related ,o sexual and reproductive health: and to explore Ihe iTJZeafmHeJ'h
"••'""altmesofrnformatumcoIltcHon-pre-andposl-lntervenllon. >• >'
registered and new eltenis. Mas, parttctpants found thai these services were uxe/Q and ImponJ,
Tap chi Y le Cdng cdng, 10.2015, 5*37• N,.,mrt.b.i: ,8.06^15 • , . g S , p U , „ , „ „ , „ . 2 „ „ . ^.^ijcblnhsj.: M g . j o , , . ,,,, ., 12
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for them and for female migrants in general. Projects services were usefiil because of clear,easy-lo- understand and confidential contents so unmarried females can ask questions about Sensitive issues "
such OS safe sex, using contraceptives, STD prevention and so on. The repon also finds a signiflcanl unprovemem m knowledge and practices towards reproductive heallh among female migrants Future interventions should consuier using mobile network lo provide timely Information, especially In ease of emergency Issues like disease outbreaks or disasters: and it Is needed u, have a goad understanding ofeultiiral context and strategies to overcome language and literacy barriers.
Key words: m-Health, reproductive heallh. migrant, female
Tnrang Dai hoc Y ti Cflng cflng
LDJtvind^
Ttf khi budc sang thdi ky dSi mdi, dan sd di cu trong nudc ling nhanh. Theo scf lif u tdng dilu tra dan sd nam 2009, tdng sd dan sd di cU dong nudc la 6,6 uieu ngudi, cao hdn hin so vdi 4,45 tridu ngudi nam 1999. Trong dd phu nff di cU chidm ty Id Idn. hiu hft h(i 14 nhdm phu nff tri. Mft hong nhffng vin dl cin quan tim lidn quan din nff di cu la quyin dmic ddp cJn didng tin va dich vn cham sdc stfc khde sinh sin (CSSKSS). Phu nff tii cu li ddi tuting dl bi tdn thuong vdi cac vin dl stfc khde sinh sin nhu cic bdnh liy truyin qua dudng dnh due (LTQDTD). mang thai ngoai f mudn va pha thai khdng an toin. Cdng vdi dd, cic ydu id van hda xa h^i tac ddng ciing inh hudng ddn viJc tidp cin dich VII stfc khde smh sin cda cic phu nff niy [6],
D(f in can Uii|p Uitfc hien md blnh m-Healdi vdi^cic djch vi) cung cip qua tS toi, bin dd, tUvin mien phi qua dudng dfiy ndng, gSi tin nhin vi trang web nhim cung cip thdng tin vl CSSKSS cho nff cdng nhan lao ddng tai khu cdng nghijp Ung Bien, Ha Ndi. Cic dich vu niy nhim giim rio cin vi tii chlnh. din ly va tim If cOng nhu vdi chi phi Uiip, tift ki|m thdi gian cho nff cdng nhin khi stf dung cic dich vu CSSKSS. Du an can dii|p dupc tridn khai uong 12 thang trong nam 2013 vi 2014. Cdng vdi hoal ddng can thiep, dif in cung tidn hinh danh gia Irudc khi ttiin khai va sau khi kdt thde can Uiiep Bii bao niy nhim (l)md ti cic hoat d§ng cia du a n ttong 12 thing: (2) do ludng tic d^ng cda cic can thifp qua vifc Uiay ddi kidn thtfc vi UiUc hanh cda nff cdng nMn vj CSSKSS. Kit qui nghien ctfu dua
ra nhffng bang chtfng vi lam co sd xSy dttng cic chudng ttinh can Uiiep stfc khde cho nhffng nhdm ddi tuang dac bilt niy.
2, Phi/dng phap nghidn cihi TTii^t ki nghiin cilu
Thidt ke din Uiirc nghifm mft nhdm, dinh gia ttUdc sau duoc tidn hinh vio Uiing 7 nam 2014.
Nghiin ctfu nhim Um thJp nhffng thdng Un vl d»
an va hilu qui boat dfng trong 1 nam. Dtr in da lUa chpn nhffng ntf cdng nhin dang iam viec tsi cdng ty X, nim ttong khu cdng nghidp Sii Bong B tai qujn Long Bien, Ha Nfi Uiam gia vio du in can thifp.
Day la mft cdng ty sin xuit kim hoin cho cic cdng ty ttong nudc va xuit khiu. Tdng sd cd 411 nff lao dfng di cu tham gia ttong dilu tta ban dau vi 482 nff lao ddng ttong vdng danh gii sau can Uiif p.
Md hinh can thlfp m-Health
Quong ttlnh can ttufp oin nff lao dfng duoc ttidn khai tff Uiang 6/2013 ddn Uiing 6/2014 ttf ngudn tai ttO cda quy Gtand Challenges Canada.
Du in da cung cap cic djch vu, bao gdm: dudng dSy ndng tu van, gii Un nhin didn Uio?i, bin dd cic ca sd cung cap dich vu. Vdi mSi dich vu. thdng Un thu Uiap dd danh gii gdm: stf dung djch vii vi dinh gii stf phd hap, chit luang vi hffu Ich cua cic dich vu.
DU in da cimg cip cho nff lao dfng cac thdng Un ve cac bfnh LTQDTD, HIV, cic bfnh liy nhidm dudng sinh sin, bien phip dtf phdng vi phit hifn.
TapchiYleCdngcfng, 10.2015,Sd37 13
ITtiKlllUlftHHII&ielll
c^c bien ph&p tiinh thai \h nao p h i thai. Cac Ih6ng tin ve fliay ddi trong ki^n thtfc, thtfc hanh ve CSSKSS cua DO' lao dong cung dtroc thu thSp nham ddnh gid hi^u qua cua dtf AIL D i n h gia ve thtfc h i n h dtfdc do iKSng dtfa (ren chi s6: Ty le phin tram nfl lao d6ng chtfa ket h6n su" dung BCS trong lan quan h6 flnh due (QHTD) g i n nhat va ty le nfl iao dong kS't hon c6 khdm phu khoa Irong 6 thang gan nh^t.
Bangl. Chudi gpi tii vdn daditg ddy ndng
Hinh 1. Cdc sdn phdm can thifp cua dffdn 3. K ^ t qua nghi&n cihi
3.1. ndng tin chung vi ddi ti^g can thifp
C6 tdng sd 411 nff c6ng nhSn tham gia khi b^t d i u chtfdng tilnh can thiep; c6 thfim 71 nfl cong nh§n tham gia tfong vdng 1 nSm tndn khai chtfdng trinh.C i c nff c6ng nhfin tham gia sau dtfOc bsin b6, c i n b0 khu cfing nghiep hogc c i n bd dtf i n gidi thi^u vg d^ i n . C i c ddi ttfdng tham gia dtf i n c6n tr6 (86 9%
dtfdi 25 tudi) v i 83.9% dOc thSn. Phin Idn cic'ddi Uft?ng cd hpc vin ttf cSp 3 trd 16n. G i n 2/3 nff c6ng nhSn d i ttfng di ctf mfit lln v i hiu hdt hi^n da d i n g kJ tam trti laii dia b i n sinh sdng.
3.2. Ddnh gid cdc hoqt d^ng can thi^p Tu vdn qua dUdng ddy nong 24/24 Kdt qua dtf i n c h o th^y h i u hdtnff c6ng nhSn d i bidt ddn dtferng d i y ttf v£n n i y . Tdng s d c 6 768 cupc gpi dffpc thtfc hi§n, trong dd 518 (67,4%) cu6c gpi Ii c i a nhffng ddi ttfflng da ding kJ. H i u hdt c i c cu^c gpi dffdc thtfc hi^n sau gid l i m vi6c. C i c noi dung duac hdi nhilu nhat l i \i c i c bfinh LTQDTD. HIV v i c i c bifin p h i p trinh thai (Bang 1).
C h u d i Bfinh LTQDTD, HIV v i cich phong bfinh
C i c bifin phip trinh thai hifin daii Thong tin vk c i c cd sd cung c i p dich vu Kinh Dguyfit Phit hifin c6 thai sdm Khim thai QHTD an toin Thu thai
Sfi'cuOcgpi
185 123 131 94 62 62 41 41
Tdng sd 739
Tin nhdn diin ihogi
Dif i n da phdi h^p cdng vdi c i c chuyfin gia dfi*
xSy dtfng 170 dn n h i n v i giM cho nfl c6ng nhSn trong v6ng 1 n i m . NOi dung tin nhin gidi h^in trong 160 k^ ti;. cung c i p c i c th6ng tin v l c h i di rtft da d^ng lifin quan ddn SKSS. H i u hdt c i c phy nff dinh g i i nOi dung tin nhin dS hidu v i i^t hffu fch (Bflng 2). 97% cho rSng c i c tin n h i n n i y r^t c i n thidt cho phu nff di ctf v i hp mong mudn lidp tuc nhin dOtfc c i c tin nhin vd SKSS trong ttfdng lai.
Bang 2. Bdnh gid vi n$i dung vd dfch vp Hn nhdn
„
(ttdng s d 444) Dieh vg Hn nhdn
Rit khdng hffu Ich Khdng hOU ich Blnh Uiudng Hffu ich Rit hffu Ich
6 18 42 288 90 Ngi dung Hn nhdn Khdng hiiii Ich Blnh Uiudng Hffu Ich Rit hffu ich
IS 36 216 174
1.4 4,1 9,5 64,9 20,3
4,1 8,1 48,6 39,2 14 T a p c h i Y l e C d n g c f n g , 10.2015.SS37
iTtKNUiMntaetii
Bdn dd dieh vg
Dit i n da xay diing mdt b i n dd tdng hop c i c cd sd cung c i p dich vu CSSKSS bao gdm c i c Uidng tin v l cd sd dich vu, dia cU, gia lam vifc, nhan vifn, Uidng dn ve chi phi va b i o hiem. B i n dd dich vu bao gdm 19 co sd k h i m phu khoa/cham sdc SKSS v i 186 hifu Uiudc. B i n dd nay duoc m ttong cudn sach nhd, k i m Uieo c i c Uidng tin can Uiidt v l SKSS. H i u hdt c i c ddi tuong (97%) da bift d i n b i n dd djch vu va 87% ttong sd dd da Htng sd dung ban dd cua du i n d l Um kilm co sd y t l . C i c chu d l hffu Ich nhit ttong cndn sach nhd v i b i n do m i nff cdng nMn neu ra la: chi phi dich vu (31 %), dia chi cd sd y te (26%) va c i c bifn p h i p ttinh Uiai (22%). Ty le nff cdng nhin cho rjng cudn sich n»y la hffu Ich l i 84%.
3.3. Tdc ddng cda cdc can thifp dtfdn m-Health din nScong nhdn
^ S 3. Thay ddi vl klin thie bfnh Idy truyin qm
K J I ' D thiic v ( bJnh L T Q D T D
KS \to b f f l h Chi/a liTiig nghe K/a^clbinli
B^abitnuibim R i i k h r h i r Ngita n i l bOph$n Ginh dvc Latfi b4 p h f n ninh due Wl dich dm (tao l l l n * hofc cii mdu KhSnR b l f A h e n s u i fSi Al cia d l Oidm khi ei eic trita chOim B i n than. b«n tlnh vh [ f i c i nlitmg n g i f t i ctf Q H T D vOi b«n Unh B i n ihJIn vi h f n Ilnh B d n i h a n
HAnh vi n^uv cij D D V ( sinh Itim ijinh ha«i Onh due vdi n h i f u ngutti m i khftng JCinji BCS
DCing Chung k h i n t f m . b l i i c h i i 1 Khdnn biJUUianii b i IM
TrUUc can I h i f p ( n = l l l ) n
64
178
4S 131 225 192 146 75
122
288 45
154 384
0 9 27
%
15.6
43,3
11,7 31,9 S4.7
35.S [8,3
29,7
70.1 [0.9
37,5 93.4
0 2.2 6.6
Sau can U i i f p (n=411)
„
51 99 2 6 !
87
272
[66
240
360 22
150 401
0 5
10 12.4 24.1 63,5
2 U 43,6 66,2
40,4
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87.6 S.4
97.6
Q
2,4 P
O J I
<0.0D1 cCOOl
< 0.001 0.01 0,002
0,03
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<0.00l 0.003
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0,005
0 4 2 0.007 0.19
Sau ehuang trinh can thifp, kidn Uiffccua phu nff v l c i c b l n h LTQDTD bao gdm: nlu t i n c i c b l n h c i c tnf u chffng va dudng ISy Buydn bfnh lang l l n rd If t TJ If phu nff bidt v l cac nguy co cua QHTD
khdng an toan v i tam quan ttong ciSa khim b l n h LTQDTD tang l l n (Bing 3). Tuy nhidn, ty le ddi Mdng cdn cho inng v l sinh kem la h i n h vi nguy ca cua b l n h LTQDTD v i n cdn cao (37,5% xudng 36,5%, p>0,05).
Khi dUdc hdi v l c i c b i l o phap ttinh Uiai. ty if phu nff cd Uie nf u dUdc c i c h si» dung BCS dung c i c h tang l l n so vdi dieu ttn trudc can Uiilp (36,7%
l l n 62,3%, p<0,001). C i c nff cdng nh3n cijng cd Uie lilt ke c i c dia diem de nhin/mua bao cao su va l i m p h i thai an toan.
Du an cOng d i n h g i i qua su Uiay ddi ve UiUc h i n h cua nff cdng nhan. Vdi nhffng phu nff chua k i t hdn, tf If phu nff sd dung bao cao su ttong l l n QHTD g i n nhat tang l l n nhung khdng cd f nghta Uidng kf. Ttong nhffng phu nff da k i t hdn. ttudc can Uiiep chi cd 8% cd k h i m phu khoa ttong vong 6 Uiing uudc, t i n g l l n 14% sau can Uiilp Tuy nhifn do cd mau nhd. k i l m dinh so sinh ty if khdng cd f nghta Uidng kf.
4, B a n I i 4 n
Tai c i c qude gia dang phit ttiin nhu Vilt Nam, phu nff ttong df tudi 18-25 chllm da sd trong lilc luijng lao dfng s i n xuit d c i c n h i m i y , khu cdng nghiip. B i o c i o cda Td chdc Y t l Uie gidi da x i e djnh nhffng ddi Mdng nay I i nhdm d l tdn Uiudng dac b i l t vdi cac v i n d l sdc khde sinh s i n nhu cac bfnh LTQDTD, mang Uiai ngoii y mudn va cung bi han c h i ttong d i p cSn djch vu y t l (ttong c i vile flm kidm djch vu v i chi tti) [18].
Theo Oidng k l . hifn nay tdng sd cdng nhan nudc ta cd khoing 9,5 ttiiu, ttong dd nff cdng nhan chiim 43,6%, ttong doanh nghifp nha nudc nff cdng nhan chidm 34,2%, doanh nghiip cd vdn d i u tu nudc ngoai nff cdng nhan chiim 67,4%. Sd ludng nff cdng nhin l i m vifc tai c i c khu cdng nghiip khdng ngffng tang ifn, djc bift l i nff dianb nif n ttong df tudi 18 d i n 24. Hp l i nhffng ddi hfdng d l bi tdn UiUdng vdi c i c v i n d l v l sffc khde sinh s i n nhu c i c bfnh LTQDTD (ttong dd cd HIV), mang thai ngoil f mudn va p h i Uiai khdng an toin [I,4J.
Nhu cdu sddgng dich vu CSSKSS Theo kdl q u i nghien cffu Thirc tt?ng sd dung
Tap chi Y t l Cdng cfng. 10.2015, Sd 37
ITfiKIMNa
dich vu khim chtfa nhilm khu^n dtfdng sinh san (NKBSS) d phu ntf 18-49, lao dpng ttong khu c6ng nghidp tai phtfSng Thach Ban, Long Bien. Hi N6i, nam 2011 cua Nguydn Thi Lan Li§D, trong thdi didm 6 thing tttfde dieu tra, c6 23,4% phu ntf n6i ring mJnh c6 m5t trong cac trieu chihig NKDSS.
Tuy nhi^n, trong sddd ch! c6 21,6% da di kham tai cd sd y te, 24,4% ttf mua thudc didu tri, 37,8% ttf xtf tri vi 16,2% khong xtf tri gi [3].
Td chtfc BSR da thiic hien dinh gii nhu cau vd stfc khde sinh sin c6ng nhin nff, chu ydu chtfa kdt hon vi ttong do tudi 18-25 tai m6t sdkhu c6ng nghiep Idn tai Hi Noi, Hd Cfai Minh vi Ddng Nai.
Kdt qui cho thay hiu hdt cic nff c6ng nhan co kidn thtfc CtJ bin vd dtfdng ttiiydn HTV/AIDS nhtfng khoing 50% kh6ng bidt cic bien phip dtf ph6ng, kidn thffc vd cic bfinh lay tniydn qua difSng tinh due ciing nhtf cic bi?n phip trinh thai li rat thip.
Tf Id s& dung bao cao su trong nhdm ddi ttfdng niy khi QHTD chi khoing 30% [8], Ty 16 vd kidn thtfc ttinh thai vi tJ 1$ stf dung cic bidn phip trinh thai cung rdt thdp dtfa trfin khio sit cda Trung tfdng hOi KHHGD Vi^t nam tai cic khu c6ng nghiep, chd xua't d Di NJng. Blnh Dtfdng, Cin TTid vi Hii Phong, Cflng theo khio sit cda Tdng cue Din sd - KHHGD t^i 3 khu c6ng nghiep d Nam Dinh, Ngh? An, Long An thi hidu bidt vd cic b?nh nhilm khuin dtfdng sinh sin cung nhff cic b?nh lien quan ddn QHTD cfia c6ng nhfin c6n rdt han chd. Khoing 70% c6ng nhin d cic khu c6ng nghiep cd nhu cau flm hidu vi duyc cung ci'p thfing Un vd CSSKSS/KHHGD nhtfng vi^c tidp cin thdng tin c6n nhidu khd khin, Thdi gian lim vific kfio dii. It tham gia cic hoat dOng xa hOi vi ttinh dO hpc vdn han chd cWnh li nhimg ydu tdcin trd vi^c lidp cic chffdng ttinh, dich vu sffc khde vi ttuydn th6ng stfc khde [5]. Tff thffc tdniy cho didy cic chffdng ttinh can thi?p vi SKSS vi phdng trinh thai cho nhdm cdng nhan phil hdp li v6 cftng cin thidt, d$c bi^t U nhffng khu c6ng nghiep c6 tJ Ifi iao dpng nff chidm ty I§ Idn. Nhffng tic h9i xdu ddn sffc khde cdn c6 the bit ngudn tff vi^c bi han chd vd thdng tin vi hidu bidt khdng diy du vd cic bi^n phip phdng ttinh thai. CSSKSS.
phdng chdng cie bfinh LTQDTD, kd ei HIV/AIDS Mdt sd nghifin cffu cung cho thdy ty Ifi mang thai ngoil S mudn, phi thai khdng an toin, bi lam dung flnh dgc d nhdm ddi niwng niy ddu cao. Tuy nhifin theo bio cio tdng quan cua UNFPA nim 2011 do nhidu nguydn nhin. ttong d6 cd rdt nhidu ydu td lifin quan dfi'n vin hda-; i, cic quan nifim. stf kJ
thi vd cic vdn dd SKSS, nff lao ddng thudng it ddp cin vdi cic dieh vu CSSKSS [6].
Cdc ehuang trinh can thiSp
Tai Viet Nam, da c6 mdt sd dtf in tridn khai nhim tang ctfdng cham sdc stfc khoe cho ngiidi lao ddng d cic khu cdng nghiep. Ttf 2005-2008, Td chtfc ActionAid va Marie Stopes thtfc hidn can thifp nham tang ctfdng kidn thtfc tren cic cdng nhfin odi Chung vd CSSKSS bao gdm ei phong chdng HIV, eung cSp dich vu lam sing tai cic didm y td Itfu dpng vi mdt cd sd CSSKSS tai cdng ty Adidas, Blnh Dtfdng[6], Thing 3 nim 2014, td cfaffc Marie Slopes Intemationai Vi§t Nam da td chtfc ngiy hdi sffc khde nham cung cS'p thdng tin vd SKSS vi kd hoach hda gia dlnh cho cfing nhin d nha miy Foster, Binh Dtfdng [2]. Thdng qua dpi ngii Giio due vifin d6ng dang 6 nha miy td chtfc ttd ehdi vi cin bd y tdtff vfi!n vd cic vdn dd SKSS.Chtftfiig trtnh nh^n manh ddn vai trd cfia y td tai cdng ty vi ttuydn thdng nhdm.
Ngoai ra, mOt sd dtf in ttidn khai thdng qua cic hoat ddng ttf vdn trtfc tidp, itf vdn nhdm nhd, cung cdp td rdi vfi khim phu khoa nhtf dtf in UNFPA can thiep vd chim sde SKSS cho cdng nhan trd 3 Blnh Dffdng, Di Ndng. Nam Djnh, Hii Phdng vfi Hi Ndi iCr 2002- 2005 [6]. Tuy nhifin, mpt nghifin ctfu cfia trffdng D^i hpc Y td Cdng cdng tai Binh Dinh cho th^y eic budi truydn thfing c6 ly Ifi cdng nhin iham gia ft do iSm IS e ngai khi dd c§p ddn chfi dd flnh dye cung nhif stfc khde sinh sin tai ndi ddng ngffdi [7].
O Vifit Nam, trang web www.tamsubanlre.org vdi hdn 53,000 thfinh vien li mfit kfinh iruydn thfing vd sffc khde sinh sin.Ngoii doc cic thdng un cung cdp, cic b^n ttd cd thd thio lu|n, d$t c9u hdi vdi cie chuyfin gia ttfin ttang web ho^c qua email.
d cSfp dd da qude gia, dff in Herproject di ttidn
khai dinh gii nhu clu chim sde sffc khfie cfia phij
nff tgi cic khu cdng nghiep 6 siu qude gia. kdl quS
cho thdy hiu hdt nff cdng nhSn khdng bidi nhi^u
thdng tin vd CSSKSS, kidn thtfc rdt han chd v^ cic
bfinh lly truydn qua dtfdng tlnh dye vfi bi^n phip
dff phdng. Do dd vi^e ting ctfdng kidn thffc vi khk
ning tidp e$n dich vu ciia cic ddi tffdng nfiy Ifi vfl
ciing cin thidt. Tuy nhifin, cic vdn dd niy khdng
nhin dffdc sff quan tim cfia ci ngtfdi lao ddng vfi
chfi lao ddng [8]. Cic chtfdng trtnh can thidp ting
ctfdng kidn ihtfc vd hinh vi CSSKSS d nhidu qude
gia trfin thd gidi di cho thdy li c6 hidu qui ddi vdi
nhffng nff trd ttidi ndi ehung [1,13,16] vi nhdm nC
cdng nhin ndi rifing [16,20], Trong mdt bio cio
T^p chi Ytd Cdng cdng. (0.2015, Sd 37
llflKMUia
tdng kft c i c can Uiilp ve CSSKSS cho vi ttianh nif n d c i c nudc dang p h i t ttidn, cd 4 nghifn cffn Uiifc hifn tai nfli l i m vifc va c i bSh da cM ra t i c ddng
•i ttch cue l l n kidn ttiiic va diii df cda c i c ddi tuong.
S Hai nghien cdu da cho ttiay t J 11 sd dung c i c bifn
» p h i p ttinh Uiai da tang len sau khi cd can thilp. Dtf U, i n HERproject da cd can Uiif p v l sijc khde ttong k dd cd phdng tt^nh c i c bdnh lay ttuydn qua dudng i tlnh due ttong dd cd HTV/AIDS [8,9]. Dil i n d i diuc II hifn d i o t?o ddng dang vifn d l giao due cho nil kl cfng nhin v l sffc khde sinh s i n . C i c hoat ddng n i y ii Uiilc h i l n h i n g m i n , h i n g Uting v i da cho Uiay h i l u i q u i nhu tang tJ if sd dung bao cao su, ty If b i l t k i i n ll Ulffc Uf n quan den CSSKSS. Td chdc PATH cd UiUc (. hif n c i c boat dfng n h i m tang cUSng kidn Uidc, Uiki il df, diUc h i n h cda cdng nhin tti mdi tH 18-24, ttong i dd chd y l u l i nff Uif ng qua m y l n ttuyin ttong nhdm
cfng nhin, phit loa ttuyin Uianh tai n h i m i y v i td tdi, trt, ehdi m i y tlnh ve CSSKSS [14], Kft q u i i d i n h gia mft chUdng ttlnh can Uiifp cho ddi Udng 1 cdng nhin df tudi 16-30 tai mft nha m i y d Trang
Qude cung cho kft q u i nitlng tit. Can dtif p d i tien hinh d i o tao cho c i n bf y td, td chffc ttuyin Uidng.
phit sich mdng v l Unh due an toin v i cung c i p djch vu tu vrn v i phat cac h i l n p h i p ttinh Uiai miln phi. D i n h gii sau can Uiilp da chi ra l i n g hp c i n nhffng Uidng tin eu Uil v i CSSKSS v i dac bift vdi nff gidi c l n c d SU tiing ti/vi b i m i t [15].
Cung cfp Uidng tin v l sffc khde sinh s i n qua tin nhin difn dioai da duijc s i dung lUdng ddi phd bidn d c i c nudc dang phit ttidn va dufc chffng mmh la cd hifu q u i [10]. Tin nhin cd Uil duoc gdi mft chiiu - ngudl nhjn khdng phin hdi hay hdi d i p dff()c hoac hai chilu - ngudi sd dung djch vu cd Uie nhin tin ttao ddi vdi ngudi cung dp dich vu [17].
Mft vl du Uianh cdng cda hinh Oiffc ttuyin Uif ng mft chiiu Ii ChUdng ttinh gdi tin nhin h i n g n g i y cho phu nff de n h i c udng Uiudc ttinh Uiai d My.
V I cung cdp Uifng Un CSSKSS, du i n SEXINFO la mft ttong nhffng du i n dSu tidn dffdc x i y dffng tff nam 2006 t«i San Fianeisco. Khi ddi tujng mudn nhjn Uidng tin v i c i c c h i d l SKSS Ud nhin Un vdi cd p h i p -SEXINFO" tdi s d d i f n Uloai cua chudng Mnh. Dinh gii k i t q u i nudc v i sau can ttdf p cho Uif y hinh Uiffc cung ci'p Uidng tin qua tin nhin rat d l Ihttc hifn, dmjc chfp nhin v l v i n hda v i tilp c i n ditt/c vdi nhffng ddi Msing ttd mdi [11). Khic vdi tin nhin mft chilu, tin nhin hai chilu duflc Uiuc hifn d l n h i cung d t p djch vu cd Uid gdi nhffng tin nhan
c i nhan cho tiftig ddi tttflng. VI du nhu ddi ht^ng se gffi tin n h i n cung cap ttidng tin c i n h i n nhu tudi, gidi, h i n h vi hoac c i c via d l quan t i m . Sau dd n h i nghiin cdu hay cung ci'p dich vu cd Uil gffi tin nhin.
Mot nghifn cffu tdng quan cho Uiay gffi Un n h i n dung den ddi drttng dich cd hifu qud cao hdn v i ty If bd cufc tha'p hdn [17].
C i c dir i n trfn cho diay vifc sff dung tin nhan ttong truydn Uidng cd mdt sd ffu d i l m so vdi g j p ttitc tidp nha ttt vS'n hay c i n bo y te nhU d l tidp c i n , phu hdp vdi t i m IJ ua Uueh sff dung cdng nghf ciia ngudi ttd, d i m b i o ttnh rifng tti. D i n h gia can Unfp sau mdt n i m cda chuong Mnh can Uiifp cung cap didng tin SKSS qua tin nhin cho Uia'y 74% ddi tiidng sff dung i i dtfdi 25 mdi va 89% la nff gidi.
Sff dung c i c ttang web de cung ciip Uif ng tin cung r^t phii hop tiong c i c ddi mdng tte tiidi v i didu kifn mtemet phd bien hifn nay [19]. C i c hinh Uiffc ttuyin Uif ng mdi sff dung difn Uioai. mternet cho ttify h i l u q u i Uch ctfc va l i mft hudng di radi ttong linh VUc n i y .
Tdm lai, md hinh m-HealUi ffng dung cfing nghl nhff tin n h i n dif n Uioai, tti vfn qua dffdng dSy ndng.
sff dung website la mft can Uiifp mdi tai c i c nffdc dang phit ttiin nhu Vift Nam. C i c hoat dfng can Uiif p cua du i n da nhjn dUdc sit Sng hf va Uiam gia cda nff cdng nhin tai khu cdng nghiip. H i u hft c i c ddi w?ng d i u d i n h gii nhffng Uif ng Un nhjn duijc l i hffu Ich v i c i n Unit. So sinh ttudc v i sau can Uiif p cho dliy Mdn Uiffc v l cac bfnh LTQDTD cda cac ddi ttiong Uiam gia chUflng ttlnh tang ifn rd rft.
Tuy nhifn, chua cd su Uiay ddi cd f nghla Uidng kf v i Uitlc hanh cua nff cfing nhin.
Can Uiifp cda dtr an v i c i c djch vu CSSKSS nhim hudng ddn g i i m bat cdng b i n g cho nhdm d l bi tdn Uiuong l i nff cdng nhin l i m vifc ttong c i c khu cdng nghifp. Tff kft q u i danh gii vifc o i l u khai dll i n can Uiif p, mdt sd khuydn nghi dtfdc dtfa ra nhtf sau: (1) Cd Uil h i l n khai md Hnh can Uiif p m-HealUi vdi c i c van d l sffc khde k h i c , dac bift hffu ich nhu cac ttudng hdp khan cip can ttuyin tin nhanh; (2) C i n c i n n h i c su phit tridn cdng nghf, mnh df cda ddi mdng sff dung v i cac trang tiiilt hi' hifn cd: (3) Can cdn n h l c c i c vit, d l v l van hda va phong t u c t a p q u a n k h i Uiift ke v i x i y dUng can thifp; (4) C i n d i m b i o an ttiin, bl m j t Uidng tin cho ngudi sff dung dich vu.
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