BiU BAo KHOA HOC
flANH GlA THIfC TRANG CAG YEU TO ANH HlTllNG Tllll HIEU qUA HUAN LUYEN SffC MANH CHUYEN MON
CHO Nil VAN flONG VI^N CUl TA llifA TUO113-14
TRUNG TAM HUAN LUYEN VA THI flAU THE DUC THE THAO HA NUI
Nguyen Dinh C h u n g * Nguyen Tht T h u * *
T6m t i t :
Su dyng cdc phi/ong phip nghidn cuu t h i / d ^ difgc st> dyng trong nghiftn cCru khoa hgc TDTT ddnh gid thi/c trgng cdc y6u td dnh hu^ng tdri cfing ldc huAn luySn sCrc m?nh chuydn mfin (SMCM) cua nir VOV Cu tg li>a tui! 13-14 tgi Tning Tdm HL&TD TDTT Hd NOi. K^t qud cho thSy: Chuang trinh hudn luy$n, dOi ngu HLV vd ca sd v$t chdt tdp iuy$n ddm bdo l6t cho vi$c hulin luy$n; Cdc bdi tdp 8i> dyng trong phdt tridn SMCM cua \ ^ V c6n It vk sd luang vd chua dugc phdn nhdm, chua duac xdc djnh cy th£ khdi luang vd cudng d4 vdn ddng, chua duac nghidn ci>u chung minh tinh hidu qud trdn VOV... (^fnh vi vdy. lya chgn cdc bdi tdp phCi hap. hidu qud dk phdt tridn SMCM cho ddi tuang nghidn cuu id vdn dd cdn thidt. Qud trinh nghidn cuu lya chgn dyyc 5 test du tidu chudn ddnh gid trinh d$ SMCM cua nO VOV Ci> tg lira tudi 13-14. ddng thdi xdy dyng tidu chuSn phdn logi SMCM cua ddi tuang nghidn ctni. K^t qud ddnh gid trinh dO SMCM ciia VDV theo tidu chudn dd xdy dyng cho thdy, trinh dO SMCM cua n& VDV GO- tg ICra tu6i 13-14 tgi Trung tSm HL&TO TDTT Hd NOi cd tdi 50% 6 muc trung binh vd ydu. T^ 1$ dgt tdt vd khd Id 50%.
I TCr khda: Thyc trgng, ydu td dnh hudng, sue mgnh chuydn mdn, nf> vdn dOng vidn, CCr tg, lua
L tudi 13-14, Trnng tdm HL&TO TDTT Hd NOi. . ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ J
BAT VAN B £ tr^ng cdc yeu to anh hudng ldi vi?e huin luy§n Mudn cd thanh tich Uong mdn Cii ta. huin sue m^nh chuyen mdn cho nu VDV Cu tg liia luvcn \ icn (HLV) phai su dyng da dang cac loai tudi 13-14, Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi".
ba'i t9p va chien thuat thi diu khac nhau. uong PlllftfNG PHAP NGHIDN CtfU
Jo SMCM la yeu td quan trong va quyet djnh Qua trinh nghien ciiu su dyng cac phuong thanh tich thi dau cua \D\' Tuy nhien, trong phap nghien ciiu: Phuong phap phan tieh va tdne thyc tien huan luy?n nu \ ' D \ ' Cii ta ue tai Trung hgp tai li?u, Phuang phap phdng vin, Phuone tam Huan luy?n \i\ Thi dau TDTT Ha Npi. phap quan sat su pham, Phuong phap ki^m tra su chiing tdi nhgn thay SMCM cua nu \ D V Cii tg phgm, Phuang phap toan hgc thdng ke Ilia tudi 1 3 - 1 4 chua dap iing dugc yeu cau Nghien ciiu xay dyng tieu chu&n danh pia nang cao thanh tieh the thao. \'DV thudng cd SMCM dupc lien hanh tren 21 nu VDV cii dau hicu giam .sut \a khdng duy tri dugc siic liia tudi 13-14 tai cac don vj huan luyen trend mgnh o giai dogn ra siic cuoi ciing, da lam han ban Ha Ngi, Bac Ninh, Hai Duone Cone A
che thanh tich thi dau cua \ D\'. Quan dgi. ' Dc tim hieu chinh \ac cac nguyen nhan dan
tdi cdng tac huan luy?n SMCM cua nii \ D\' Cu ty lira tudi 13-14 ehua thyc sy cd hi^u qua, chiing tdi tien hanh nghien ciiu: "Danh gia thyc
•TS. TarOng Ogi hpc TDTT Bdc Ninh
"ThS. Trung tdm hudn luydn vd thi ddu TDTT Ha NOi
Nghien cim thyc trang dugc ti^n hanh tren 6 nii VDV Cir tg lua ludi 13-14 tai Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Nd
BWTMHBMIIUIYHnKIIIM -Sfl 1/2020 Sttuatlon evaluation of influencing factors in specialized strength training for female
weightlifting athletes aged 13-14 at Hanoi National Sports Training Center
1
Summary:
Using the regular research methods in order to assess the situation of influencing factors in specialized strength training for female weightlifting athletes aged 13-14 at Hanoi National Sports Training Center. The results show that the training program, coaching staff and training facilities can ensure athlete training activities. The exercise system used in developing specialized strength for athletes lacks in quantity, has not been classified, has not yet been determined in terms of amount and intensity, and has not been researched to prove the effectiveness on athletes ...
Therefore, selecting appropriate and effective exercises to develop spedalized stoength for research subjects is a necessary issue. The research selects 5 eligible tests in assessing specialized strength qualification for female weightlifting athletes aged 13-14, while develops criteria for specialized strength classification of the study subjects. The research evaluates specialized strength level of the athletes using established standards. The results showed that the specialized strength level of female weightlifting athletes aged 13-14 at the Hanoi National Sports Training Center was up to 50% at medium and weak levels. Good and fair rate is 50%.
Keywords: Current situation, effective factors, training, specialized strength, female athlete, Weightlifting, ages 13-14, Hanoi National Sports Training Center
K I T QUA NGHIEN curu V A B A N LUAN 1. Thyc trgng cdc yeu t6 anh h u ^ n g td^i vlOc phdt triSn sire mgnh chuyen mon cua nO* VDV CCP t y lira tuoi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Npi
1.1. Thyc trgng chuang trinh huan luyen phdt trien sure mgnh chuyen mon cua nir VB V Cir tg lua tudi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TB TBTT Ha Npi
Bang 1. Thyc trgng chu'O'ng trinh huan luyen nif VDVCCrta li>a tuoi 13-14 tal Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Noi (nam 2017)
Chung tdi tim hieu thyc trang chuang trinh huan luy^n eho nu VDV Cir ta liia tudi 13-14 Tnang tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi thdng qua phan tich ke hogch huan luy?n nam va phdng van true tiep eac HLV. Ket qua dugc irinh bay tai bang 1.
Qua bang 1 cho thay: Chuang trinh huan luyen nu VDV Cu la lira tudi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi dugc xay dyng khoa
GD Ngay
Thoi ky
So tuan So buoi So gio The lire ehung The lire C.mon
KT thuat Tam ly
GDI Tir 01/1-30/4 Chuan bi Tien TD -
CO ban Thi Dau (1/1 -28/2) (1/3-30/4)
10 10 40 40 80 80 30% 10%
30% 20%
40% 50%
% 20%
GDII TCr 01/5-30/6 Tien TD - Chuan hi -
Thi Dau Thi Dau (1/5-31/5) (1/6-30/6)
4 4 16 16 32 32 20% 20%
20% 30%
50% 40%
10% 10%
GDIll Tir 1/7 - Chuan hi -
T i k TD (1/7-10/8)
6 24 48 10%
20%
50%
20%
30/11 Thi Diu
(11/8- 30/11)
16 64 128 10%
20%
50%
20%
Tir 1/12- 31/12 Chuan bi
(1/12- 31/12)
5 20 40 30%
40%
30%
%
Ghi chu- Tiing s6 •(8 tuin/240 bu6i/480 gid (1 tuan t0p 5 buoi tap: thdi gian t$p mSi bu6l =120 phut)
B/U BAO KHOA HOC
hoc, chia thanh timg giai doan huan tuy^n cy chuyen mon cho \ ' D \ ' . , the. Tong t> 1? thoi gian huin luven th^ l(rc lir Khao sat chi tiet l> tnjng Ihdi gian huan lu>f 30 toi 70%, trong do t> 1? thoi gian hujn luyfn SMCM trong tdng thai gian huan luy^n '^c V'- TLCM lir 20-40% lii\ theo timg thoi k\ huin chuyen mon cua nir VDV Cu ta lira rooi 1 - ' luy?n. Theo danh gia ciia cac chuyen gia, phan dugc trinh bay tai bang Z. i \ ' bd thai gian huin luy?n khoa hpc, dam bao de Qua bang 2 cho thay: Viijc huan luy?
c6 thi chuin bi tot ca Ihi iifc chung \ a thj lire SMCM chiim tdi 44.S6°.. tdng thdi gia" " " ^ B i n g 2. Th^rc tr?ng ph4n bd thdn gian huan luy?n the IM« chuydn mdn cua nir VOV Ctr ?
lira tudi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Hi Npi (n=107 budi) T T
1 2 3 4 5
Npi dung Sire manh
Sire nhanh Sue ben
Kha nang phdi hgp dpng tac Mem deo
Tong
So giao an 48
15 35 7 2 107
Ty If % 44.86 19.35 25.81 22.58 6.45
100 luy?n the lyc chuyen mdn cho VDV. Nhu \ay.
cd the thay cac HLV da danh gii rat cao tam quan trgng eua huan luy^n SMCM vdi VDV Cu t? nir lua tudi 13-14. Trao ddi trye tiep vdi cac ehuyen gia va eac HLV cho thay, vi?c phan bd thdi gian huan luy?n nhu \ ay la phii hgp vdi ddi tugng nghien ciJru.
1.2. Thuc trang dpi ngu hudn luyen vien huan luyfn nu vgn dpng vien Cie tg lua tuSi 13-14 tgi Trung Tdm HL& TB TDTT Hd Npi
Chimg tdi tim hieu thyc tr^ng dgi ngu HLV huan luy?n nii VDV Cir ta lua tudi 13-14 tai Trung tam HLctTD TDTT Ha Noi thdng qua phdng van trye tiep cac HLV dgi tuySn. K^t qua eho thay Tong sd cd 3 HL\' lam cdng tae huin luy?n niJ \ ' D \ ' Cir t? lira Uidi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ndi, Cac HLV nay ngoai huan luyen n i r \ ' D \ ' lira tudi 13-14 cdn tham gia huan lu\ cn cac \ D V khac. So \ di tdng sd VDV nCr lua ludi 13-14 la 06 ngudi thi irung binh. moi HL\' chi huan lu\cn 2 VDV. Dieu nay giiip cac H\'L cd the huan luy?n dat hieu qua cao nhSl.
Ve trinh dg chuyen mdn: Cac HL\' deu la cac
\ D \ ' C i r ta trudng thanh. cd trinh dg ki?n tudng nen co kmh nghidm thi dau rat phong phu, trinh dg chu\ cn mdn tdt, yeu nghe va nhi?l huyet \ di cdng \ ICC
\'i; trinh dg hge van: Cac HLV deu cd trinh
dg hgc van tir dai hge trd len. Dieu nay dam bao cd the ap dyng cdc kien thurc ly lugn ket hgp vdi thyc tien chuyen mdn de dat dugc hi?u qua huan Iuy?n eao nhSt.
Ve tham nien cdng tac: Cac HLV ddu cd kinh nghi?m edng tae tir 5 nam trd Ien, kinh nghi?m giang day phong phii. Dg tudi ciia cac HLV chi dao ddng tir 28-40 tudi, la dg tudi nhi?t huyet, cd the tiep can khoa hgc ky thuat, cd thd hge tap nang cao trinh dg dd y d thanh nhiing HLV cd trinh dg cao, day cung la mdt vdn dd cd tinh tich cyc.
Ngoai cac yeu td tren, eac HLV ddu cd trinh dg tin hgc, ngoai ngir tir trinh do B trd len, day cung la uu thd trong viec khai thac tai li^u va img dung cdng nghe thdng tin trong huin luygn.
Tdm lai, cd the ket luan luc lugng HLV dam bao de huan luyen VDV dat hi?u qua cao nhit.
1.3. Thuc trgng casa vgt chdt phuc vu hudn luyfn nir van dgng vien Cir tg lira tuS] 13-14
Trung tam HL&TB TDTT Hd Npi Thdng ke thuc trang ca sd vat chit phye vu huan luyen nii VDV Cir la lira tudi 13-14T tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi thdng qua qu,„ ^ su pham va phdng van true tidp cac HLV p cdng tac huin luy?n. Kdt qua cho t h i y r " ^ dung cu tap luy?n phye vu huin luy^n nij VDV Cir 19 lira tudi 13-14 Trung lam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ndi hien nav dat tieu chuSn ni,A„ ^: ^ i Ngi hi?n nay dat lieu chuin qudc
gia, dap
IIMTMHUWIUJYHniifflM -Stf 1/2020 ung tot nhu ciu sii dyng trong qui trinh huan
luy?n. Cac dyng cy gdm: Ddn t? nii, banh ta cac logi, gii la tap ngyc. gia ta lap lung, gia ta tgp chan. gia ggp lung byng, day leo, hue bat, day nhay, day keo Id so, day chun, tg ddi cac logi (0.1 -40kg). hgp dyng bgt xoa tay, tham tap, gia xep ta, dung cy bao hg.
Vd cae dyng cy bd trg tap luyen: Tuang tu nhu nhu cac dyng cy tgp luy?n, cac dung cu bd trcr cho qua trinh tap luy?n ciing dugc trang bi tucmg ddi day du, muc dg dap ung tdt.... Day la ea sd thuan lgi trong vi?c ung dung eac bai tap bd trg trong qua trinh huan luy?n mi VDV Cu ta lua tudi 13-
14 Trnng lam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ndi.
1.4. Thgrc trgng sir dgng cdc dgng bdi tgp phdt trien sure mgnh chuyen mon cda nir VDV Cu- tg lura tudi 13-14, Trung tdm HL&TB TDTT Hd Npi
Dinh gii thyc trang su dyng cac bai tap phat trien SMCM ciia nu VDV Cir tg lira tudi 13-14 Tning lam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi thdng qua phan tieh chuang trinh huan luy^n, giao an huan luy?n ciing nhu phdng van cic HLV trye tidp huin luy?n. Ket qua cho thay, trong huan luy?n SMCM eho ddi tugng nghien ciiu, cac HLV thudng su dyng cic bai lap sau:
I. Cir diy; 2. Cirgiat;
3. Ganh trudc; 4. Ginh sau;
5. Keo rgng; 6. Keo hep;
7. Gigt cao; 8. Giat treo cao;
9. Gigt treo sau; 10. Keo rgng phat lyc;
II. Keo kgp phit lyc; 12. Ldn ngyc cao;
13. Len ngyc sau; 14. Mugn luc day.
Nhan xet: Qua phan tich thyc trgng cac bai tgp dugc su dyng trong huan luy?n SMCM cho ddi tugng nghien cim, chiing ldi cd nhan xet sau:
- Da sd eae bai tap dugc su dung thudng xuyen trong phit tridn SMCM cua nii VDV Cu tg !ua tuoi 13-14 thugc nhdm bai tap vdi tg (hem SO" o). Cic bai tgp vdi dung cu khic, cic bai tap vdi dyng cy bd trg va nhdm bai tap trd choi va thi dau it dugc sir dung. Theo cic nha ehuyen mdn thi nhdm bai lap vdi dung ey khac, vdi dyng cy bd trg va nhdm trd choi, ihi diu cd tic dyng gay hung phan cho ngudi tap, rit hieu qua trong phat trien SMCM ciia VDV.
- Cac bai tap dugc sir dyng trong huin luyen SMCM cho ddi tugng nghien cuu cdn qui ngheo
nan, khdng phong phu ca ve sd lugng va logi bai lap. Dieu nay de dan den sy nham chin trong huan luyen the lyc cho ddi tugng nghien cuu.
- Cac bai tap chua duae dinh lugng van dgng cy the cho ddi tugng nii VDV Cii ta lira tudi 13- 14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi bao gdm:
Khdi lugng, cudng dg, quang nghi... nen moi HLV khic nhau sir dung vdi LVD khac nhau. vi vay ma hi?u qui dgt dugc cua moi bai tap cdng rat khae nhau.
- Cic bai tap chua dugc phan loai cy thd de phit trien timg td chat SMCM rieng bigt, vi vgy chua cd dinh hudng tic dgng cy the vao moi to chat the luc chuyen mdn.
- Cic bai tap mdi ehi dugc su dyng theo kinh nghigm eiia cie HLV, chua dugc kiem djnh higu qua tren ddi tugng nghien cim.
Chinh vi \ky, lya chgn bai tgp phit trien SMCM cho nii- VDV cir ta lira tuoi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi la vin d^ cin thiSt va cap thiet.
1.5. Bdnh gid thuc trgng sue mgnh chuyen mon cua nd- VBVcurtg lura tuoi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TB TBTT Hd Npi
De lua chgn dugc cac test phii hgp, cd hieu qua trong danh gia SMCM eiia nii" VDV Cir tg lua tudi 13-14, chung tdi tien hanh theo eac budc:
- Lya chgn qua tham khao tai lieu, quan sat su phgm va phdng van true tiep cic chuyen gia Cirta.
- Lya chgn qua phdng van tren dien rgng bang phieu hdi
- Xic dinh do tin cay va tinh thdng bio ciia lest Ket qua lya chgn dugc 5 test du tieu chuan danh gii SMCM cua ddi tugng nghien cuu. Tir eae test da lya chgn, chiing tdi tien hanh xay dyng tieu chuan phan logi danh gia SMCM eiia nii VDV tren ca sa quy tac 26. Ket qua cy the dugc trinh bay tal bang 3.
Tren co sd tieu chuan phan loai SMCM da xay dung, chung tdi tidn hanh danh gia thue trgng trinh do SMCM cua nii VDV Cu ta lua tudi 13-14 tgi Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ndi. Ket qua dugc trinh bay tai bang 4.
Qua bang 4 cho thay: Theo tieu chuan phan loai da xay dung, trinh do SMCM cua nir VDV Cli ta Ilia mdi 13-14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ndi cd tdi 50% d miic trung binh va yeu. Ty
BiU BAO KHOA HQC
Bang 3. Tidu chuin phin lofii cic test ainhgiSSMCMciianO VDV Cir t»
lira tudi 13-14 T T
1 2 3 4 5 6
C i c test Cli giat (kg) Co day (leg) Keo rpng (kg) Keo h?p (kg) Ganh trudc (kg) Ganh sau (kg)
Gidi 2101.71
>113.16
; ~ 4 64
>92.31
>80.47 2101.5I
Kha 94.08-101.-0 105:--113 15
69.01--4.63 85 4.V9;.30 74.42-80.46 93 : : - i o i 50
Trung binh 78.82-94 0"
78 si-ios.re
57 75-69 00 7167-S5 4 ; 6:,.i:-74,4i 76 64-93:1
\ e u
^1 19-^S,81 SI 0-78.81 52 12-57.74 64.79-71.66 56.27-62 31 68.35-76.63
Kim
T7ri9"
^"Tdle"
<5:.i2
<64.79 i56.27
<68.35 Bing 4. Thi/c trgng trinh d$ si>c mgnh
chuyen mdn nO VDVCirtg l(>a tu6i 13-14 Trung tam HL&TO TDTT Hd N0i (n=6) I I
1 2 3 4 5
Phan loai Tdi Kha Trung binh
'icu Kem
So lirgrng 1 2 2 1 0
T> 1^ % 16 67 33 33 33.33 16.67 0.00 II; dat ldi \ a kha li 50°o. Kcl qua nay luong ung vdi nh^n xet cua cac HLV ve trinh dp SMCM cua VDV.
Nhu \ay. nang cao trinh dg SMC M cua nd
\ D \ ' Cir ta lira tudi 13-14 Trung tam HL& TD TDTT Ha Ngi Iii van de can thiet.
| £ T lUi^N
1. Cac > cu td dam bao cho cdng tac huan luy?n SMCM cua nu VDV Cir ta lira tudi 13-14 Trung tam H1.& TD TDTT Ha \ g i nhu chuong trinh huan luyen. ddi ngu HL\' \ a co so vat chat tap lu> cn dam bao tdt cho \ icc huan luy?n \'DV.
2. Cfic bai lap su dung trong phat trien S M i M cua nd \ D \ ' Cu ta lira nidi 13-14 Trung tiim HL& TD TDTT Ha Ndi cdn it ve so lui;mg
\ ii chua duoc phan nhdm, chua xac dinh cu the khdi luong va cudng dp van dpng, chira dugc nghien euu chimg minh tinh hieu qua tren
\ ' D \ ' . . . chinh \ i \ay. l^ra chgn cac bai tap phu hgp, hieu qua dc phat trien SMCM cho ddi tugng nghien cim ta van de can thiet.
3. Qua trinh nghien cuu lua chgn dugc 5 test du tieu chuan trong danh gia trinh dg SMCM cua nu VDV Cu ta Ida tudi 13-14, ddng thdi \a>
dvmg tieu chuin phan loai SMCM cho doi tugng nghien cdu. Ki-l qua danh gi4 ninh dg SMCM cua V D \ ' theo tieu chuin da xay di,mg cho thay, n-inh dg SMCM cua nii VDV Cu ta Ida tudi 13- 14 Trung tam HL&TD TDTT Ha Ngi cd tdi 50° (1 d muc trung binh vi ySu. Ty Ic dat tdt vk khi 14 50",, Chinh vi \aY. nang cao trinh dp SMCM ciia nu VDV la \an de can thiet.
TAI LI$U THAM I I A O
1. Aulic I. V (I9S2), DdnAg/d trinh dd lap luvcn the thao, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi.
2. A.N Vdrdbiep (2000), Ci> tg, (djch:
Nguyen Dai Duong, Nguyen Quang Himg), Nxb TDTT, Ha N(ii
3. Deng Hong 'ling (1999), Xdy dung chi lieu tuyen chpn ve hinh thdi \d td chdt cho VB V Cu Iq lie Trung Quoc, Tap ehi khoa hpe TDTT Triet Giang, Trung Qude.
4 Nguyen Van Phiic va cpng su (2017), Gido Irinh cu la, Nxb TDTT, Ha Ndu
(Bii ndP n g i y 10/1/2020, Phin bi^n ng4y 15/1/2020, duy^t in ngiy 20/1/2020 Chju trach nhi#ni chinh: Nguyen Binh Chung Email: [email protected])