Hl/ONG DAN QUAN LI sir DUNG
II
1. Gidi thifu
Nghien cim ddi mdi phuang p h i p giing day bing sii dung (^NTT v i o giang dgy VOT sy hd trp cua cic phin mdm md phdng trdn may tinh dang dupe nhieu giio vidn quan tim v i i p dyng. Vdi su ho trg ciia CNTT, cd the hidu bdn chdt eua phucmg phdp mo phong (PPMP) la xdy dung mpt mo hinh the hiin bdng chucmg trinh mdy tinh, sau do tien hdnh cdc thuc nghifm tren mo hinh. Kdt q u i nit ra dupe phii cd kidm chiing vdi kdt qua do dac thuc td v i cd the sii dyng cho nghidn ciiu v i san xuit vd sau. Nhu viy, mo phdng Id thuc nghiem quan sdt vd dieu khien trin mo hinh cua ddi tugng quan sdt. Trong bai bao nay tic g i i xin dd cip den vifc sir dyng md phdng nhim ddi mdi phuang p h i p day hpc hifn nay d cic trudng dgi hgc ky thuat.
2. Cau triic md phdng trong day hpc chuyen nganh ky thuat
Ciu tnic ciia PPMP trong nghidn ciru khoa hgc gdm:
ddi tugng can nghidn ciiu, md hmh va kdt qua nghidn ciiu mo hinh (hinh 1).
Tru&ng Dgi hge ciru khoa hgc, Ii md phdng thd gidi nhan thirc, cho phep tidn hinh giing day theo che do tuang tic, phit tridn khi nang hgc tren cic tri thiic d i ITnh hdi dugc. Nhu viy cau tnic PPMP trong day hpc se bao gdm c i
"xir ly su pham" va "td chiic boat ddng day hgc" (hinh 2).
ONG D U N G PHUdNG PHAP M O PHONG TRONG
GIANG DAY CHUYEN NGANH KY THUAT 6 TO
ThS.Nguyen Van H a n h Suphgm Ky thudt Hung Yen Md phdng giiip giio vidn tidt kifm thdi gian, tang cudng thdi gian giao tiep, thao luin vdi sinh vidn.
4. C o sir ap dung P P M P trong giang day chuyen nganh ky thuat 6 to
4.1 Ca s& dp dung Ddc diem cua cdc mon hgc chuyen ngdnh ky thudt 6 to:
Chil yeu tap trung tim hieu ket cau, dpng luc hgc ciia cac ca cau v i he thdng, tinh toan thidt ke d td ciing vdi cic phan thi nghifm, thuc hanh trg giiip nen cic bai giing tren ldp ciia cic mon hpc nay thudng long ghep rat nhieu hinh ve minh hpa. Khi giing day, giio vien thudng dinh nhieu thdi gian de gidi thieu v i giii thich hinh ve d trang thii "tinh", sinh vien khd hieu dugc ban chit sau sac ciia van de. Do dd, sii dung PPMP trong day hpc cd khi nang mo phdng hogt dgng
"nhu that" cua cac co ciu, he thong, die tinh cua cic tham sd dpng luc hpc, ...
4.2 Sogn bdi gidng theo PPMP
Sau khi xiy dung xong cic phin mem md phdng, tidp theo l i sogn giio an theo PPMP.
Khi x i y dyng b i i giing phii b i o d i m su ddng bp giiia thiet bi, ndi dung v i phuang phip, tgo ra dupe mau thuan, kich thich himg thu ciia hpc sinh, thoa man cic ydu ciu tich cue, sing tao, phit tridn tu duy ciia PPMP. Phdi hgp chit che giiia cac budc chuyen ddng ciia hinh ve phii hgp vdi phuang Hinh I. Cdu true qud Irinh mo
phong trong nghien cuu Ichoa hpc M6 phdng trong dgy hgc la mpt dang md phdng nghidn
Hinh 2. Cdu tnic phucmg phdp n phong Irong dgy hoc.
PPMP trong day hgc Id phuang phdp tiep cap nhdn thuc the gi&i hien thuc thong qua mo hinh tinh hogc dgng.
Bing PPMP, sinh vien khdng chi tiep thu kien thiic mpt each siu sic ma trpng qua trinh hoc, hp cdn cd the tim ra cich tiep can van dd, con dudng cich thiic dd dat dugc muc tieu bii hoc.
3. U'n d i i m cua P P M P trong day hoc
Md phdng cung c i p cho sinh yien nhung kinh nghifm cy thd vd doi tupng hpc tip tlieo kidu trai nghidm giin tiep.
Md phdng dupe su dung dd cung cap nhiing kinh nghiem giin tidp trudc khi sinh vidn di thyc hinh thyc td. ^ ,
Giio vidn cd thd kdt hop md phdng vdi cic phuang phip giing day giup cho vide td chirc giing day, l i m cho boat ^ n g hpc trd nen tich cyc boa
Ngay nUn bdi 30/3/2013; Ngdy duy4l ^ang 25/4/2013
TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013 • 3 1
H U O N G DAN QUAN LI SU DUNG
p h i p angorit v i c i c tinh huong ndu v i n dd.
5. Sir dyng PPMP trong day hpc bang phan mem Malab Simulink
Matlab l i phin mem ciia hang Math Work Inc dupe viet bang ngdn ngir lip trinh C dupe irng dung rpng rai dd tinh toin cic bii toan ky thuat bing phuang phap ma trin. _
Simulink la mpt phin chuang trinh md rpng ciia phin mdm Matlab. L i mpt cdng cy manh me vd do hpa, md phdng v i phin tich dpng luc hpc cic he thdng tuyen tinh v i phi tuydn. Trinh tu thuc hifn q u i trinh md phdng bang Simulink the hien trdn hinh 3.
Hinh 3 Sa do thia hien qud trinh mo phung hdng Simulink
Vi du: Khdo sdt dao dpng 6 to hai edu trong khong gian Khi khio sit dao ddng d td trong khong gian thudng sir dung cic md hinh dao dgng tuang duang ciia d td thay cho md hinh vat ly thuc, sau dd xay dyng md hinh toin v i giii chiing dd tim ra cic thdng sd d i e trung cho dao ddng cua hf ca. Md hinh dao ddng tuang duang khao sat dao dgng d td hai ciu trong khdng gian.
(hinh 4.)
Dd k h i o sit dao ddng ciia
B^faS^R^iwi ^ H B ^ p l i
Hinh 4. I^o hinh dao dgng 6 to hai cdu irong khong gian hf dao dpng tuang duang d td tren, cin phii thidt lip hf phuang trinh vi phin (md hinh toan hpc) md t i dao ddng ciia nd. Cd hai phuang p h i p thidt lip cic phuang trinh n i y gdm phuang p h i p sir dyng nguydn ly D'Alamber hoic sir dyng phuang trinh Lagranger logi II. Q md hinh niy, ta chpn phuong p h i p lip he phuang trinh vi phin bing nguydn ly D'Alamber. He phuang trinli vi phan toin hgc md t i dao dong khdng gian ciia d td hai cau gdm 9 phuang trinh sau:
w,i,--*j/,*-[ft^+f„|-[f„.r„| 0)
•.•!,=-['=^-U-l^^*''m,)*lF»*^„j.li'=,»'™] tl)
Md hinh thyc bidn md phdng dao ddng d td bai ciu trong khdng gian thdng qua 9 phuang trinh vi phin trdn dugc xiy dung bang phin mem Matlab Simulink. Ket q u i ciia q u i trinh thuc nghifm dupe bidu didn dudi dang dd thi dac tinh (hinh 5).
Khdi md phdng ham kich ddng mat dudng theo thdi
iti^
Hinh 5. Sa do long the mo hinh dao dong khong gian cua 6 lo hai cdu gian dang hinh sin hai ben binh xe khic nhau. Khdi niy md phdng c i c phuang trinh sau:
q(l),ir,,Pi=q«,i.,sJT.(|^j(M (10) q(l),irjPi =qoaj'>-sin(|^.(r-^)) {m] (I I)
5
Hinh 6. Khoi mo phong hdm kich dong lir mat duang Kdt q u i md phdng dao ddng d td hai ciu trong khong gian dugc trinh b i y trdn cac_^
binh 7 ddn hinh 9.
Kdt q u i thu dugc gua thir nghifm dupe bidu didn dudi dang dd thi hi hinh 7 ddn hinh 9. Qua kdt q u i thir nghifm cho thay, chuang trinh md phdng:
- Dua ra dugc cie dang die
Hinh 7. Dich chuyen tinh liin vd v^n toe dich chuyen tfnh lien cOa
phdn Ireo (..Xem nip trang 40)
3 2 • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013
HU'aNG DAN QUAN L i s a DUNG
difn trong nhi". Di cho thay hifu ^ui thidt thyc, ci mpt he thdng mach difn ty dpng cip cho cic miy bam nude, trong nhiing cin nhi bifn dgi, nhimg khu chung cu cao tang dd sp tudng chimg rit phirc tgp, gid di dugc thu nhd dang boat dpng trong tim quan sit eiia cac em. That "dan giin, de hieu, de nhd" Ii nhin xet ciia biu hdt hpc sinh, sau khi dupe tan mat chirng kien boat dpng tu dpng ciia hf thdng bcrm nude. Khdng chd thay
cd nhac, mpt sd em lgng le ve mgch difn, ghi chii can than nhung dieu quan sit, dien giii ctia thiy cd. Trong long chiing tdi, nhtmg thiy cd dang lim cdng tic hudng nghifp, dgy nghe pho thdng thay thgt de chju vi vui mimg. Chiing tdi thim nghT, biet dau diy, cd em lai di Idn, lap nghifp, tao dyng tucmg lai tii nhirng vifc tiidng chimg nhu dan giin the niy.
Summary This article introduces
a set of self-education:
"automatic pumping system model" of teacher Nguyen Van Son, teachers of technical education centers aggregating 5. This is a homemade model has been applied to teachers lecture and students to apply and design a system of automatic circuit for the water pump to put to use in the house modern, high-rise condominiums.
QNG D U N G PHUdNG PHAP ...
# *
Hinh 8. Dich chuyen, van tdc dich chuyen vd gta tdc dwh chuyen cua
gdc dge phdn treo.
Hinh 9. Dich chuyin goc^ lac, van loc djch chuyen. gia loc dich
chuyen ngang cug phdn treo
tinh eiia bai toin
- Phin tich inh budrig ciia eic kich dpng diu vio ddn dao dpng ciia 6 td hai ciu trong khdng gian
- Md phdng dugc thyc hidn tiong mdi trudng tuang tic sinh dpng mi khdng ydu ciu cic thidt bj dat tien dung trong cic phdng thi nghifm
Cho cic kdt qui nhu mong mudn, giiip sinh vien phit trien tu duy ky thugt, tinh sing tgo vi kha nang nghien ciru khoa hpc.
6. ket luan
Sir dung phin mdm Matlab Simulink tiong dgy hpc cd khi ning md phong chuih xic cie tham sd ddng lye hpc ciia cic CO ciu, he thdng tidn o td vdi kdt qui diu ra li cic dd thj cic dudng die tinh phin inh bin chit ciia ddi tugng that. Do do, PPMP ti-ong day hpc tren may tinh Ii mpt phuang phip tidp can thyc tidn mpt cich hifu qui.
Phuang phip niy giiip smh vien ting tinh chii dpng sing tao, ren luyen khi nang nghien cuu khoa hpc. Giio vien ddng vai trd cd vin cho cie hogt i ^ g cd muc ^ch ciia sinh vien dd cac em tiep thu kien thiic mdi mpt cich tich cyc.
Tai lieu tham khao 1. Huynh Duih Chidn, Ca sd ly luin vifc iing dung khoa hoc cdng nghd trong ddi mdi gjao
(Tiep theo trang 32) dye, ky ydu hpi diio doi mdi giio dye, dai hpc Hud, nam 2006.
2. Ngd Tii Thinh, Tim hieu phuang phip md phdng thidt kd bai giing dien tii, tap chi buu chinh vidn thong, thing 8/2003.
3. Ngd Tii Thinh, Phuong phip mo phdng trong giing dgy chuyen nginh ky thuat.
Tap ehi Phat tridn khoa hpc va cdng nghf so 10/2008.
4. Martyn Sloman, A Handbook for Traning Sti-ategy,Gower 1998.
5. Paul R.Burden, Methods for Effective Teaching, Allyn and Bacon 1994.
Summary This article offers a teaching simulation method applied to automotive engineering at technical universities. Teaching method simulation is the synthesis of the different methods and teaching techniques. Teachers can combine flexibly different teaching methods with simulation methods.
4 0 • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 93-05/2013